JP3096662U - Planting laying structure and rooftop greening type building - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] (Modified) [Problem] A laying structure for a planting and a rooftop greening type structure in which a layer with reduced functionality is complemented by a multifunctionalized layer, and ventilation and drainage are further improved. I will provide a. SOLUTION: On a base part 6 provided on a roof or the like,
A soil layer 7 in which the plant 12 is to be planted, a first filter 8 made of plant fiber disposed under the soil layer 7 to promote the growth of the plant root 13 and prevent soil leakage, and a first filter 8
And a second filter 9 made of a foam material, which is disposed below the first filter 8 and complements the deterioration of the soil passage prevention function of the first filter 8, and a second filter 9 which is disposed below the second filter 9 and has a joint smaller than the second filter 9. The second filter 9 includes a third filter 10 made of a foaming material that complements the deterioration of the soil passage prevention function of the second filter 9, and a plurality of ventilation and drainage pipes 11 arranged below the third filter 10 to perform ventilation and drainage. . With the above-mentioned complementary function, the service life of the planting laying object 5 can be lengthened, and the moisture and temperature conditions can be managed well.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Technical field to which the device belongs]

  The present invention provides a waterproof layer, a water retention layer, a waterproof layer on a base portion provided on a roof of a building, etc. Roofing structure and roof for planting where filter layers, soil layers, etc. are laminated It concerns greening structures.

[0002]

[Prior art]

  Traditionally, this type of planting laying structure is such that the water that has flowed down is under the rooftop. A waterproof layer that prevents it from flowing out to the ground, and a water retention function that is placed above the waterproof layer. A water retaining layer that fulfills the above requirements and is placed above the water retaining layer to prevent the soil from flowing downward. Filter layer and the soil layer deposited above the filter layer. Is made.

[0003]

[Patent Document 1]         JP-A-6-225635

[0004]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

  The conventional techniques as described above are applicable to each of the waterproof layer, water retaining layer, filter layer, soil layer, etc. The layers that perform the functions are stacked. However, these layers do not provide the functionality of each layer. The function of the above-mentioned filter layer deteriorates due to aging. When it comes, the function is not supplemented by other layers. Therefore, long When the function of the filter layer deteriorates due to prolonged use, the soil becomes a water retention layer. Toward the other side, clogging occurs in the water retaining layer, prolonging the useful life of the planting laying. I can't. Further, in the above laminated structure, ventilation and drainage are structurally well matched. Since it is not rationalized, there is room for further improvement in structural simplification.

[0005]   The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and has the above-mentioned laminated structure. When a given layer is made multifunctional and the function of a certain layer deteriorates, the layer becomes multifunctional. The planting that complements the layer whose function has deteriorated due to The purpose is to provide a roof structure and a rooftop greening structure.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

  In order to achieve the above object, the planting laying structure according to claim 1 of the present invention is constructed. Waterproof layer, water retaining layer, filter layer, soil It is a laying structure for planting in which the loam layer etc. are provided in a laminated form, and the plant is planted. It is placed under the soil layer and the above soil layer to promote the growth of plant roots and to prevent soil leakage. First filter made of vegetable fiber to prevent this, and arranged below the first filter The second filter made of foamed material that complements the deterioration of the soil pass prevention function of the first filter. Luther and a finer mesh than the second filter placed below the second filter. A third filter made of foam material that complements the deterioration of the soil pass-through prevention function of the second filter of the ground Luther and a plurality of lower filters are arranged side by side to perform ventilation and drainage. The main point is that it consists of a ventilation and drainage pipe.

[0007]   That is, the soil layer in which the plant is to be planted and the plant located below the soil layer. A first filter made of plant fiber that promotes root growth and prevents soil leakage It is placed under the first filter to reduce the soil passage prevention function of the first filter. A second filter made of a foam material to be complemented and arranged below the second filter. The deterioration of the soil passage prevention function of the second filter, which has a finer joint than the second filter, Complementary third filter made of foam material, and a plurality of filters are arranged below the third filter. It is composed of a ventilation pipe and a ventilation pipe, which are arranged in parallel to perform ventilation and drainage.

[0008]   Therefore, when the plant roots growing in the soil layer reach the first filter, , The plant root grows in the plane direction of the first filter so that it is entangled with the first filter. To do. And since the 1st filter is made of vegetable fiber, it is rich in organic fertilizer. Minutes are well retained in the 1st filter, and the plant roots are in good condition with the 1st filter. It grows and absorbs sufficient fertilizer. Especially, the capillary root is in the first filter It is suitable for absorption of nutrients because it extends sufficiently. In addition, the first file Luther is a filter made of plant fiber, so the soil is on the second side of the bottom. Can be prevented from flowing down to the filter.

[0009]   In case the soil passage prevention function deteriorates due to aging of the first filter, etc. Then, the second filter is arranged. The second filter is the first filter Since it has the function of stopping the soil that has passed through, the soil passes through the first filter. If it does, the second filter provides soil protection. In addition, the second file Since the joints of Luther are set coarser than the joints of the third filter, The water retention in the filter is kept high. Therefore, the extension to the first filter The plant roots that are infested are hydrated without any shortage of water. at the same time When the growth of plant roots progresses further, the second filter is more than the third filter. Since the joints are also set coarsely, the plant roots extend into the second filter, That is, the plant root is received by the second filter, and the plant root necessary for plant growth is Can be extended sufficiently.

[0010]   Further years later, the function of preventing the passage of soil in the second filter deteriorates. In case of failure, the third filter is arranged. Second filter soil If the passage prevention function deteriorates, the grain size of the soil passing through is relatively small. So, the joint of the third filter is set smaller than the joint of the second filter. . Therefore, the soil particles with small particle size that have passed through the second filter are The soil will be reliably captured and the soil will leak to the outside through the ventilation and drainage pipe. It can be prevented. Furthermore, the third filter has smaller joints than the second filter. As a result, the flow of water is restricted, which helps water retention in the second filter. It fulfills its function of functioning and suppresses the loss of soil nutrients.

[0011]   As described above, the first filter has good retention of the fertilizer component by the plant fiber. Sufficient growth of plant roots and prevention of soil runoff are achieved. Also, In the 2nd filter, the function that complements the deterioration of the soil passage prevention function of the 1st filter And, the function of retaining sufficient water is fulfilled. Furthermore, in the third filter, The function of compensating for the deterioration of the soil passage prevention function of the 2nd filter and the protection of the 2nd filter The function of supporting water is fulfilled. As described above, each of the first, second, and third files Since each router has multiple functions, the function of one filter is reduced. Cod works with other filters to make a long-life planting yard. Be done. Then, the soil will flow out of the planting laying and further pollute the sewers. And can be reliably prevented.

[0012]   Multiple ventilation to optimize water retention and temperature conditions for the entire planting laying A drainage pipe is also arranged below the third filter. Due to long-term rainfall Excess water passes through the soil layer, first filter, second filter and third filter Excessive water that flows into the ventilation and drainage pipe is drained from the ventilation and drainage pipe to the outside and planted. Prevents excessive water content in the entire laying structure and avoids damage such as root rot be able to. Furthermore, by circulating the outside air inside the ventilation and drainage pipe, It is possible to prevent overheating of plant roots by lowering the temperature of the filter or soil layer. Further, this outside air circulation is also useful in evaporating excess water in a short time. It

[0013]   In the planting laying structure according to claim 2 of the present invention, each of the ventilation and drainage pipes is A large number of ventilation and drainage ports are formed, and there are gaps between adjacent pipes. It is arranged so that it cannot come. For this reason, the water that has flowed down is discharged from the ventilation and drainage port. A smooth drainage action is achieved by flowing into the ventilation and drainage pipe. And ventilation and drainage pipe Since there is no gap between adjacent pipes, almost all the water that flows down is introduced into the pipe. And good drainage is done. In addition, since the ventilation and drainage pipes are laid out, It is effective for water vaporization and cooling action.

[0014]   The planting laying structure according to claim 3 of the present invention is formed between the ventilation and drain pipes. The formed gap is filled with the foam material. Because of this, the pipe is It does not move and is effective in achieving a normal ventilation and drainage function. Well In addition, by filling the foam material, it is possible to maintain the ventilation and drain pipes at a fixed interval. The function of the ventilation and drainage pipe is uniform for each upper filter and soil layer. And the planting laying may be locally over-dried or over-hydrated. And can be prevented.

[0015]   In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a rooftop green building according to claim 4 of the present invention is constructed. Waterproof layer, water retaining layer, filter layer, soil A loam layer, etc. is provided in a layered form, and the soil layer in which plants are planted and the soil layer below The coarsest linen joints that are placed to encourage plant root growth and prevent soil leakage Of the first filter and the lower side of the first filter, The first fill that completely receives plant roots and prevents soil runoff to some extent Of the second filter made of foam material with joints finer than the It is placed on the lower side to keep water out and prevent soil from flowing out and to pass plant roots. Foam material that complements the second filter, which has a finer joint than the second filter that blocks Material-made third filter and a large number of each placed under the third filter A ventilation and exhaust port is formed so that there is no gap between adjacent pipes. Ventilation and drainage pipes arranged and the ventilation and drainage pipes communicate with the atmosphere to ensure ventilation The gist is that it has an atmosphere communication passage.

[0016]   That is, the soil layer in which the plant is to be planted and the plant located below the soil layer. The hemp's 1st coarsest joint filter that promotes root growth and prevents soil leakage , And is placed below the first filter to complement the first filter to remove plant roots. Finer than the first filter that accepts and prevents soil runoff to some extent A second filter made of foamed material for joints and placed under the second filter The water retention prevents soil from flowing out and prevents the passage of plant roots. A third filter made of foam material that complements the second filter, which has a smaller joint than the filter. Luther and a number of ventilation and exhaust ports are placed under the third filter. Ventilation that is formed and arranged so that there is no gap between adjacent pipes A drainage pipe and an air communication passage that connects the ventilation and drainage pipe to the atmosphere to ensure ventilation. It is equipped with.

[0017]   Therefore, when the plant roots growing in the soil layer reach the first filter, , The plant root grows in the plane direction of the first filter so that it is entangled with the first filter. To do. And the first filter is made of hemp and has the coarsest joint compared to other filters. Because it is set, the plant-made hemp produces a rich organic fertilizer component It is well retained by Luther and the plant root grows well and is well suited to the first filter. Both absorb enough fertilizer. In particular, the capillary roots should extend fully into the first filter. It's perfect for absorbing nutrients as it goes. In addition, the first filter is linen Since the material of this is a filter, the soil goes to the second filter on the lower side. It can be prevented from flowing down. Also, make the joints of the first filter the roughest Therefore, it is possible to increase the amount of air retained and increase the amount of ground oxygen. Is further promoted.

[0018]   In case the function of the first filter to prevent the passage of soil deteriorates due to aging etc. Then, the second filter is arranged. The second filter is the first filter The joint has the function of stopping the soil that has passed, so the joint is the first filter. Is smaller than the joints of the soil, and when the soil passes through the first filter, , This second filter will stop the soil. Furthermore, the joint of the second filter is Since it is set to be coarser than the joint of the third filter, Water retention is kept high. Therefore, the plant extending to the first filter The water supply to the roots is carried out smoothly without any shortage. At the same time, plant root growth The second filter is installed with coarser joints than the third filter. The plant roots extend into the second filter, Acceptance of plant roots into the filter to extend the plant roots necessary for plant growth be able to.

[0019]   Further years later, the function of preventing the passage of soil in the second filter deteriorates. In case of failure, the third filter is arranged. Second filter soil If the passage prevention function deteriorates, the grain size of the soil passing through is relatively small. So, the joint of the third filter is set smaller than the joint of the second filter. . Therefore, in the third filter, the particle size that has passed through the second filter is small. Soil particles are reliably captured by fine joints, and the soil passes through the ventilation and drainage pipes described above. Then, it can be prevented from leaking to the outside. Furthermore, the joint of the third filter is the second filter. It is made smaller than Luther, which restricts the flow of water, so the second fill The function of promoting water retention in the water is performed. At the same time, for each filter Since the joints are the finest of all, the minute passageways do not retain water with high surface tension. This prevents the passage of fine soil grains. And the third filter Since the joints are finely divided, the growth of plant roots that have penetrated the second filter Suppresses and prevents plant roots from reaching the ventilation / drainage pipe The drainage function is not impaired.

[0020]   As mentioned above, in the first filter, the hemp filter provides good fertilizer components. Sufficient growth of plant roots due to retention and soil drainage function are fulfilled. In addition, the second filter complements the deterioration of the soil passage prevention function of the first filter. And the function of retaining sufficient water is fulfilled. Furthermore, with the third filter Is a function that complements the deterioration of the soil passage prevention function of the second filter, and the second filter Function to support the water retention of the roots of the plant roots that have penetrated the second filter. It has the function of suppressing growth. The third filter is each filter. Since the joints are the finest of all, the minute passageways retain water with high surface tension. This prevents the passage of fine soil grains. As described above, Since each of the second and third filters has a plurality of functions, a certain filter If the function of the plant deteriorates, it will compensate for it and a planting laying with a long service life will be selected. Be done. Then, the soil will flow out of the planting laying and further pollute the sewers. And can be reliably prevented.

[0021]   Multiple ventilation to optimize water retention and temperature conditions for the entire planting laying A drainage pipe is also arranged below the third filter. And the above-mentioned ventilation and drainage pipe Each has a large number of ventilation and drainage ports, and there is an empty space between adjacent pipes. Arranged so that there are no gaps, and the ventilation and drainage pipes are connected to the atmosphere to ensure ventilation An atmosphere communication passage is provided. For this reason, excessive rainfall due to long-term rainfall, etc. Moisture is aerated through the soil layer, the first filter, the second filter, and the third filter. It also flows into the drainage pipe, is drained to the outside via the above-mentioned air communication passage, and is a planting laying It is possible to prevent excess water content and avoid damage such as root rot. Wear.

[0022]   Furthermore, by circulating the outside air from the atmosphere communication passage inside the ventilation and drainage pipe, It can prevent overheating of plant roots by lowering the temperature of filters and soil layers. . Especially in summer, the roof surface of the building becomes extremely hot, so the heat is 3 May be transmitted from the filter to the soil. However, the above ventilation and drainage Positive heat transfer to the tube can block such heat transfer. Also, this The circulation of outside air is also useful for evaporating excess water in a short time. That Since there is no gap between adjacent pipes in the ventilation and drainage pipes, a large amount of water flows down. A good amount of water is drained by introducing almost the entire volume into the pipe through several ventilation / drainage pipe openings. Also, Since the ventilation and drainage pipes are lined up, it is effective for the above water evaporation and cooling action. Target.

[0023]   The rooftop green building according to claim 4 of the present invention is formed between the ventilation and drain pipes. The formed gap is filled with the foam material. Because of this, the pipe is It does not move and is effective in achieving a normal ventilation and drainage function. Well In addition, by filling the foam material, it is possible to maintain the ventilation and drain pipes at a fixed interval. The function of the ventilation and drainage pipe is uniform for each upper filter and soil layer. And the planting laying may be locally over-dried or over-hydrated. And can be prevented.

[0024]

[Embodiment of device]

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

[0025]   First, FIG. 9 shows that the planting laying material according to the present invention is placed on the roof of a house. The detailed state of the first and second floors is omitted in the figure. Building 1 is reinforced concrete It is a two-story house made of cleats, and a rooftop 2 has a pool 3 for children and a green type. Flower bed 4 is arranged. The flower bed 4 corresponds to a planting laying structure. Since The embodiment described below is provided with the planting laying structure and the planting laying structure described above. It is a comprehensive set of green rooftop structures.

[0026]   The planting laying 5 is placed on a concrete base 6 that forms the roof 2. Placed. The planting laying material 5 comprises a soil layer 7, a first filter 8 and a second floor in order from the top. In a structure in which the filter 9, the third filter 10, and the ventilation and drainage pipe 11 are laminated. Has become. The above-mentioned laminated structure is arranged in the rectangular garden frame 5A.

[0027]   The soil layer 7 is a soil in which plants 12 are planted or seeds are sown, Depending on the type of plant to be cultivated, it contained a large amount of leaf soil or a large amount of sand. To

[0028]   The first filter 8 is made of vegetable fiber and is disposed below the soil layer 7. It functions to promote the growth of plant roots 13 and prevent soil leakage. this Hemp fiber is used as the vegetable fiber. This fiber, for example, like non-woven fabric The first filter 8 is formed in a sheet shape and has a thickness of 10 mm.

[0029]   With the first filter 8, the plant roots 13 growing in the soil layer 7 are When it reaches the filter 8, the plant root 13 is entangled with the first filter 8. It grows in the surface direction of the first filter 8. And the first filter 8 is made of linen The organically rich fertilizer components are well retained in the first filter 8 and the plant root 1 No. 3 grows well with the first filter 8 and absorbs enough fertilizer. . Especially, since the capillary roots of the plant root 13 extend sufficiently into the first filter 8, Optimal for absorption of nutrients. Further, the first filter 8 is made of linen fiber. Since it has a luster shape, soil flows down to the second filter 9 on the lower side. Can be blocked.

[0030]   Be prepared when the soil passage prevention function deteriorates due to aging of the first filter 8 or the like. Therefore, the second filter 9 is arranged. The second filter 9 is flexible Made of a flexible resin material, and is placed under the first filter 8 It fulfills the function of compensating for the deterioration of the soil passage prevention function of Tar8. Second filter -9 joints are finer than the first filter 8 and the third filter 10 Is coarsely set. The thickness of the second filter 9 is 20 mm. Foaming above Various materials can be used as the resin material, but here Has been done.

[0031]   The second filter 9 has a function of stopping the soil that has passed through the first filter 8. Since it is a fulfillment, the joint is set more finely than the joint of the first filter 8. If the soil passes through the first filter 8, the soil will not be removed by the second filter 9. A loom stoppage is made. Further, the joint of the second filter 9 is the third filter 10 described above. Since it is set coarser than the joints, the water retention in the second filter 9 is high. Maintained. Therefore, the water to the plant root 13 extending to the first filter 8 The supply will be smooth without any shortage. At the same time, the growth of the plant root 13 is further increased. The second filter 9 has coarser joints than the third filter 10. Since the plant root 13 extends into the second filter 9, The plant root 13 is received by the second filter 9 and is necessary for plant growth. 3 can be sufficiently extended.

[0032]   Further years later, the function of preventing the passage of soil in the second filter 9 declines. In case of doing so, the third filter 10 is arranged. The third fill The tar 10 is made of a flexible resin foam material and is placed under the second filter 9. The second filter 9 has a function of compensating for the deterioration of the soil passage prevention function. It The joint of the third filter 10 is set more finely than the second filter 9. It The flexibility of the third filter 10 is harder than that of the second filter 9. It is set and is considered to be semi-rigid foam resin. The thickness of the third filter 10 is , 23 mm. Although various materials can be adopted as the foamed resin material, This filter is also made of vinyl chloride.

[0033]   When the soil passage prevention function of the second filter 9 is deteriorated, the soil to pass through Since the grain size of is relatively fine, the joint of the third filter 10 is the second filter. It is set smaller than the 9th joint. Therefore, after passing through the second filter 9, The soil particles with a small grain size are reliably captured by the third filter 10, and the soil is It is possible to prevent leakage to the outside via the ventilation / drainage pipe 11. In addition, the third The filter 10 has smaller joints than the second filter 9, so that the flow of water can be improved. Since the lower part is restricted, the function of promoting water retention in the second filter 9 is fulfilled. Moreover, it controls the loss of soil nutrients. In addition, the third filter 10 is Since the joints are the finest in the filter, high surface tension is applied to minute passages. Keeps water in place, which prevents the passage of fine soil grains.

[0034]   In order to optimize the amount of water retained and the temperature condition of the entire planting laying 5, a plurality of The ventilation / drainage pipe 11 is disposed below the third filter 10. Above-mentioned ventilation The drain pipes 11 are arranged so that straight synthetic resin pipes are laid on the base portion 6. It is designed so that there is no gap between adjacent tubes. Above synthetic tree Although various materials can be used as the fat material, here, it is assumed that it is made of vinyl chloride. Has been. Further, the ventilation / drainage pipe 11 is formed with a large number of ventilation / drainage ports 14. As an example of the opening, as shown in FIG. 4, eight pieces are provided on the circumference of each pipe 11 at equal intervals. It has been burned. In this way, by providing 8 or 6 not shown, Sufficient ventilation and drainage regardless of the orientation of the ventilation and drainage pipe 11 in any rotation direction. Is done.

[0035]   In order to surely perform the ventilation and drainage of the ventilation and drainage pipe 11, the atmosphere communication passage 15 Are formed. An example thereof is shown in FIGS. That is, the above vegetables The garden frame 5A is a rectangular plate made of synthetic resin or concrete. It is composed by combining. A large number of air vents that are laid inside the garden frame 5A The end of the drainage pipe 11 is separated from the inner surface of the vegetable garden frame 5A by a predetermined distance and is on a line. Aligned, a straight elongated space 16 is formed in the lower part inside the vegetable garden frame 5A. . Furthermore, in order to communicate the space 16 to the outside, a plurality of spaces are provided at the bottom of the vegetable garden frame 5A. A communication port 17 is provided. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the communication port 17 is The lower part of the garden frame 5A has a rectangular cutout shape. Therefore, the ventilation and drainage pipe 11 An air communication passage 15 for communicating the air with the atmosphere is opened by all the ventilation and drain pipes 11 described above. The space 16 and the communication port 17 are formed.

[0036]   With the above configuration, excess water due to long-term rainfall, etc. Through the filter 8, the second filter 9 and the third filter 10 to the ventilation and drainage pipe 11 The excess water flowing down flows into the ventilation / drainage pipe 11 through the ventilation / drainage port 14, It is discharged to the outside through the atmosphere communication passage 15. Therefore, the water of the entire planting laying 5 is It is possible to prevent an excessive amount and prevent damage such as root rot. It In addition, by circulating the outside air from the atmosphere communication passage 15 inside the ventilation / drainage pipe 11, , The temperature of each filter 10, 9, 8 and the soil layer 7 is lowered to overheat the plant root 13. Can be prevented. In addition, this external air circulation causes excess water to evaporate in a short time. It is also useful in

[0037]   When the ventilation / drainage pipe 11 is laid in the garden frame 5A, the diameter of the ventilation / drainage pipe 11 is May have narrow voids. In such a case, as shown in FIG. The gap is filled with the foam material 18. Due to the elasticity of the foam material 18, adjacent passages The air / drainage pipes 11 are pressed against each other, and the ventilation / drainage pipes 11 are in the longitudinal direction. It is prevented that it shifts to. Therefore, each of the pipes 11 moves in an abnormal direction. It does not move and is effective in achieving a normal ventilation and drainage function.

[0038]   In FIG. 8B, the ventilation / drainage pipes 11 are arranged at predetermined intervals to maintain the intervals. For this reason, the foam material 18 is filled between the tubes 11. Therefore, Keeping the intervals between the ventilation and drain pipes 11 constant by filling the foam material 18. The function of the ventilation / drainage pipe 11 is that each of the upper filters 10, 9, 8 And the soil layer 7 are evenly distributed, and the planting laying 5 is locally overdried. It is possible to prevent excessive water content.

[0039]   The effects of the rooftop greening type building according to claims 4 and 5 are as follows. is there.

[0040]   When the plant root 13 that has grown in the soil layer 7 reaches the first filter 8, The plant root 13 is entwined with the first filter 8 so that the surface direction of the first filter 8 Grow to. And the first filter 8 is made of hemp and is more than other filters 9 and 10. The hemp, which is made of plant, is rich in organic fertilizer. The ingredients are kept abundantly in the first filter 8, and the plant root 13 is It grows well and grows well, and absorbs sufficient fertilizer. Especially, the capillary root is the first Since it fully extends into the filter 8, it is optimal for absorbing nutrients. It In addition, the first filter 8 is made of linen-made material, It is possible to prevent the soil from flowing down to the second filter 9 on the lower side. Also, 1 Since the joint of filter 8 is the coarsest, the amount of air retained is increased to It is possible to increase the amount of element, and the growth of plants is further promoted.

[0041]   Be prepared when the function of the first filter 8 to prevent the passage of soil deteriorates due to aging, etc. Therefore, the second filter 9 is arranged. The second filter 9 is the first fill Since it has the function of holding back the soil that has passed through tar 8, its joint is the first It is set more finely than the joints of the filter 8 and the soil passes through the first filter 8. In this case, the second filter 9 provides some soil stopping. further , The joint of the second filter 9 is set to be coarser than the joint of the third filter 10. Therefore, the water retention in the second filter 9 is maintained high. Therefore, Smooth operation without lack of water supply to the plant root extending into the first filter 8. To be done. At the same time, when the growth of the plant root 13 progresses further, the second fill Since the joint 9 is set to have coarser joints than the third filter 10, That the plant root 13 extends into the tar 9, that is, the plant root 1 to the second filter 9 3, the plant root 13 required for plant growth can be sufficiently extended. .

[0042]   Further years later, the function of preventing the passage of soil in the second filter 9 declines. In case of doing so, the third filter 10 is arranged. Second filter When the soil passage prevention function of 9 is deteriorated, the grain size of the soil passing through is relatively fine. Therefore, the joint of the third filter 10 is smaller than that of the second filter 9. It is set. Therefore, the third filter 10 passes through the second filter 9. Soil particles with a small grain size that have passed through are reliably captured by the fine joints, and the soil is It is possible to prevent leakage to the outside via the ventilation / drainage pipe 11. In addition, the third file Luther 10 has smaller joints than second filter 9, which allows water to flow down. Is restricted, the function of promoting water retention in the second filter 9 is fulfilled. , It controls the loss of soil nutrients. At the same time, the finest joint in each filter Since it is made of water, the minute passages retain water with high surface tension, and The passage of fine soil grains is blocked. And the third filter 10 has fine joints. Therefore, the growth of the plant root 13 that has penetrated through the second filter 9 is suppressed, The plant roots 13 do not reach the ventilation / drainage pipe 11, and The air and drainage functions are not impaired.

[0043]   As described above, the first filter 8 has a good fertilizer component by the hemp filter. The plant root 13 has sufficient growth due to its excellent retention and the function of stopping the flow of soil is fulfilled. There is. Further, in the second filter 9, the soil passage prevention function of the first filter 8 is low. It has the function of complementing the bottom and the function of retaining sufficient water. In addition, the third The filter 10 has a function of complementing the deterioration of the soil passage prevention function of the second filter 9. And the function of assisting the water retention of the second filter 9, and further protruding the second filter 9. It has a function of suppressing the growth of the plant root 13 that has come through. As above In addition, the first, second, and third filters 8, 9, and 10 each have a plurality of functions. Therefore, if the function of one filter deteriorates, it is supplemented with another filter. The planting laying 5 having a long service life is obtained. And the soil is a laying for planting It is possible to reliably prevent the water from leaking outside and further polluting the sewer system.

[0044]   In order to optimize the amount of water retained and the temperature condition of the entire planting laying 5, a plurality of passages must be used. The air / drainage pipe 11 is arranged below the third filter 10. And the above The air / drainage pipe 11 is provided with a number of ventilation / exhaust ports 14 and is adjacent to each other. The ventilation and drainage pipes 11 are arranged so that no gap is formed between the fitting pipes 11. An atmosphere communication passage 15 is provided for communicating with the atmosphere to ensure ventilation. For this reason, Excessive water due to long-term rainfall will prevent soil layer 7, first filter 8, second soil After passing through the filter 9 and the third filter 10 and flowing into the ventilation / drainage pipe 11, Water is drained to the outside through the passage 15, and the water content of the entire planting laying 5 becomes excessive. It is possible to prevent damages such as root rot and the like.

[0045]   Furthermore, in order to circulate the outside air from the atmosphere communication passage 15 inside the ventilation and drainage pipe 11. By lowering the temperature of each filter 8, 9, 10 and soil layer 7, It is possible to prevent overheating. Especially in summer, the surface of the rooftop 2 of the building is Since it becomes extremely hot, the heat is transferred from the third filter 10 to the soil layer 7. May be However, due to the positive ventilation to the ventilation / drainage pipe 11, It can block such heat transfer. In addition, this outside air circulation removes excess water for a short time. It is also useful in evaporating. The ventilation and drainage pipes 11 are adjacent pipes. Since there are no gaps between them, the water that has flowed down is discharged from many ventilating and drainage pipe ports 14. Almost all the amount is introduced into the pipe for good drainage. In addition, the ventilation and drainage pipe 11 is covered. Therefore, it is effective for the above-mentioned water vaporization and cooling action. Foaming above Due to the elasticity of the material 18, the ventilation and drain pipes 11 adjacent to each other are pressed against each other. This prevents the ventilation / drainage pipe 11 from shifting in the longitudinal direction. Therefore , The above pipes 11 do not move in an abnormal direction, and the normal ventilation and drainage machine It is effective in fulfilling Noh.

[0046]   In addition, the structure of the laying plant for planting in the present invention is not limited to the rooftop of the building, It can also be laid in the above-ground garden as part of the Denning process.

[0047]

[Effect of device]

  As described above, according to the planting laying structure of claim 1 of the present invention, In Luther, plant roots grow well due to good retention of fertilizer components by plant fibers. And, the function of stopping the flow of soil is fulfilled. In the second filter, the first A function that complements the deterioration of the filter's ability to prevent soil passage and a function to retain sufficient water Has been fulfilled. Furthermore, in the third filter, the soil passage prevention of the second filter The function of complementing the deterioration of the stopping function and the function of assisting the water retention of the second filter Has been done. As described above, each of the first, second, and third filters has a plurality of units. Since it has the function of one filter, if the function of one filter deteriorates, replace it with another filter. A planting laying with a long service life can be obtained. And the soil is planted It is possible to reliably prevent the sewer and the like from leaking to the outside of the laying material and further polluting the sewer.

[0048]   Multiple ventilation to optimize water retention and temperature conditions for the entire planting laying A drainage pipe is also arranged below the third filter. Due to long-term rainfall Excess water passes through the soil layer, first filter, second filter and third filter Excessive water that flows into the ventilation and drainage pipe is drained from the ventilation and drainage pipe to the outside and planted. Prevents excessive water content in the entire laying structure and avoids damage such as root rot be able to. Furthermore, by circulating the outside air inside the ventilation and drainage pipe, It is possible to prevent overheating of plant roots by lowering the temperature of the filter or soil layer. Further, this outside air circulation is also useful in evaporating excess water in a short time. It

[0049]   According to the planting laying structure of claim 2 of the present invention, each of the ventilation and drainage pipes is Each has a large number of ventilation and drainage ports, and there is an empty space between adjacent pipes. It is arranged so that there is no gap. For this reason, the water that flows down is ventilated and drained. A smooth drainage action is achieved by flowing from the mouth into the ventilation and drainage pipe. And the ventilation Since the drainage pipe has no gap between adjacent pipes, almost all the water that has flowed down is inside the pipe. Good drainage is carried out. Also, because the ventilation and drainage pipes are laid out, , It is effective for the above-mentioned water evaporation and cooling action.

[0050]   According to the planting laying structure of claim 3 of the present invention, the ventilation and drain pipes are connected to each other. A foam material is filled in the gap formed therebetween. Because of this, the tubes are It does not move in any direction and is effective for achieving the normal ventilation and drainage function. It Also, by filling the foamed material, it is possible to keep the gap between the ventilation and drainage pipes at a certain size. Since the function of the ventilation and drainage pipe is for each upper filter and soil layer And the planting laying is locally over-dried or over-hydrated. Can be prevented.

[0051]   According to the roof greening type building of claim 4 of the present invention, the first filter is made of hemp. Sufficient growth of plant roots and soil due to good retention of fertilizer components by the filter The function of stopping the flow of water is fulfilled. Also, in the second filter, the first filter Function to compensate for the deterioration of soil passage prevention function and sufficient water retention function. Has been. Furthermore, in the third filter, the soil passage prevention function of the second filter The function of complementing the deterioration, the function of promoting the water retention of the second filter, and the second It has the function of suppressing the growth of plant roots that have penetrated through the filter. As described above, each of the first, second and third filters has a plurality of functions. Therefore, when the function of a certain filter deteriorates, it works to compensate for it, and it has a long service life. A planting laying can be obtained. At the same time, the third filter is the most Since the joints are made fine, water is retained by high surface tension in the minute passages, This prevents the passage of fine soil particles. And the soil is outside the planting laying It is possible to reliably prevent the sewage from flowing out and further polluting the sewer system.

[0052]   Multiple ventilation to optimize water retention and temperature conditions for the entire planting laying A drainage pipe is also arranged below the third filter. And the above-mentioned ventilation and drainage pipe Each has a large number of ventilation and exhaust ports, and there is an empty space between adjacent pipes. Arranged so that there are no gaps, and the ventilation and drainage pipes are connected to the atmosphere to ensure ventilation An atmosphere communication passage is provided. For this reason, excessive rainfall due to long-term rainfall, etc. Moisture is aerated through the soil layer, the first filter, the second filter, and the third filter. It also flows into the drainage pipe, is drained to the outside via the above-mentioned air communication passage, and is a planting laying It is possible to prevent excess water content and avoid damage such as root rot. Wear.

[0053]   Furthermore, by circulating the outside air from the atmosphere communication passage inside the ventilation and drainage pipe, It can prevent overheating of plant roots by lowering the temperature of filters and soil layers. . Especially in summer, the roof surface of the building becomes extremely hot, so the heat is 3 May be transmitted from the filter to the soil. However, the above ventilation and drainage Positive heat transfer to the tube can block such heat transfer. Also, this The circulation of outside air is also useful for evaporating excess water in a short time. That Since there is no gap between adjacent pipes in the ventilation and drainage pipes, a large amount of water flows down. A good amount of water is drained by introducing almost the entire volume into the pipe through several ventilation / drainage pipe openings. Also, Since the ventilation and drainage pipes are lined up, it is effective for the above water evaporation and cooling action. Target.

[0054]   According to the rooftop greening type building of claim 5 of the present invention, due to the elasticity of the foam material. The adjacent ventilation and drain pipes are pressed against each other, and the ventilation and drain pipes It is prevented from shifting in the direction. Therefore, each of the above tubes will move in an abnormal direction. It does not move and is effective in achieving a normal ventilation and drainage function.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a planting laying structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing the planting laying structure.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a ventilation / drainage pipe.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the ventilation / drainage pipe.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the planting installation.

6 is a sectional view taken along line [6]-[6] of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a vent hole.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing an arrangement of ventilation and drainage pipes.

FIG. 9 is a front view showing a state in which a planting laying material is arranged on a building.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 building 2 roof 3 pools 4 flower beds 5 Laying materials for planting 5A vegetable frame 6 Base part 7 soil layers 8 first filter 9 Second filter 10 Third filter 11 Ventilation and drainage pipe 12 plants 13 plant roots 14 Ventilation and drainage port 15 atmosphere passage 16 spaces 17 communication port 18 Foam material

Claims (5)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A planting laying structure in which a waterproof layer, a water retaining layer, a filter layer, a soil layer, etc. are provided in a laminated form on a base portion provided on the roof of a building or the like. , A soil layer in which a plant is planted, a first filter made of plant fiber arranged below the soil layer to promote the growth of plant roots and prevent soil leakage, and arranged below the first filter The second filter made of foam material that complements the deterioration of the soil passage prevention function of the first filter, and the soil passage prevention function of the second filter that is arranged below the second filter and has a joint smaller than the second filter A planting laying structure, comprising a third filter made of a foam material that complements the deterioration, and a plurality of ventilation and drain pipes that are arranged below the third filter in parallel to perform ventilation and drainage. 2. The planting according to claim 1, wherein each of the ventilation / drainage pipes is formed with a large number of ventilation / drainage ports, and arranged so that no space is formed between adjacent pipes. Laying structure. 3. The planting laying structure according to claim 2, wherein the gap formed between the ventilation and drainage pipes is filled with a foam material. 4. A soil layer on which a plant is planted, in which a waterproof layer, a water retaining layer, a filter layer, a soil layer, etc. are provided in a laminated form on a base portion provided on the roof of a building or the like, and A hemp made of the coarsest joint first filter that is placed under the soil layer to promote the growth of plant roots and prevent soil leakage, and is placed below the first filter to complement the first filter. Prevents soil runoff by receiving a plant root and preventing the outflow of soil to some extent by a second filter made of a foam material having a finer joint than the above first filter and by being placed below the second filter to retain water. In addition, a third filter made of a foam material that complements the second filter having a joint smaller than the second filter that blocks the passage of plant roots, and a large number of filters disposed under the third filter are provided. As the air and exhaust port is formed,
Rooftop greening characterized by having ventilation and drainage pipes arranged so that no space can be created between adjacent pipes, and an air communication passage that ensures ventilation by communicating the ventilation and drainage pipes with the atmosphere. Type building. 5. The rooftop green building according to claim 4, wherein a gap formed between the ventilation and drain pipes is filled with a foam material.