JP3092471B2 - Screen printing device and screen printing method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cream solder screen printing apparatus and a screen printing method for applying cream solder for soldering electronic components to a printed circuit board.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Prior to surface mounting electronic components such as ICs, LSIs, capacitor chips, and resistor chips on a printed circuit board, a cream for soldering the electronic components to electrodes of a circuit pattern on the printed circuit board by a screen printing apparatus. Solder is applied.

[0003] This type of screen printing apparatus generally has a screen mask by sliding a squeegee over the screen mask, as shown in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-65243. The cream solder is applied to a predetermined portion of the printed circuit board through the pattern hole formed in the substrate.

FIG. 9 is a front view of a conventional screen printing apparatus, showing a state where cream solder is applied to a printed circuit board by the conventional screen printing apparatus.
The screen mask 1 is configured by mounting a mask plate 2 on the lower surface of a frame-shaped holder 3. Printed circuit board 4
Are held on the table 5. Nuts 6a, 6b are mounted on both sides of the table 5, and the nuts 6a,
Vertical feed screws 7a and 7b are screwed into 6b. One feed screw 7a is driven by a motor 8 to rotate. Timing pulleys 9a and 9b are mounted on the feed screws 7a and 7b, and a timing belt 10 is adjusted on the timing pulleys 9a and 9b. 11 is a feed screw 7b
Bearing.

When the motor 8 is driven, one of the feed screws 7a
Rotates, and this rotation is transmitted to the other feed screw 7b via the timing pulleys 9a and 9b and the timing belt 10, and both the feed screws 7a and 7b rotate at the same time. 2
To go up and down. Reference numeral 12 denotes a squeegee that slides on the mask plate 2, and reference numeral 13 denotes cream solder applied to the printed circuit board 4.

Next, the operation will be described. The motor 8 is rotated forward to raise the printed circuit board 4, and the upper surface of the printed circuit board 4 is brought into contact with the lower surface of the mask plate 2. Next, when the squeegee 12 is slid to the left on the mask plate 2 by a driving means (not shown), the cream solder 13 is applied to the upper surface of the printed circuit board 4 through a pattern hole (not shown) formed in the mask plate 2. Is done. Next, by reversely rotating the motor 8, the printed circuit board 4 is lowered and separated from the mask plate 2, and the application process of the cream solder 13 is completed.

[0007]

Conventionally, when the cream solder 13 is applied as described above, a slight gap (generally called "snap-off") is secured between the mask plate 2 and the upper surface of the printed circuit board 4. It had been. However,
As the pitch of electronic component leads becomes increasingly narrower,
The snap-off is gradually reduced, and in recent years, the snap-off becomes zero, and the upper surface of the printed circuit board 4 is brought into contact with the lower surface of the mask plate 2 to apply the cream solder 13.

However, the upper surface of the printed circuit board 4 is brought into contact with the lower surface of the mask plate 2 so that
When the coating 3 is applied, there is a problem that the cream solder 13 applied to the printed board 4 is easily deformed when the printed board 4 is lowered and separated from the mask plate 2. Next, the reason why the shape collapse occurs will be described with reference to FIG. FIGS. 10A to 10C are explanatory diagrams of the operation of the conventional screen printing apparatus.

FIG. 10 (a) shows a state immediately after the application of the cream solder after the sliding of the squeegee 12 is completed.
The cream holes 13 are filled in the pattern holes of the mask plate 2 by sliding the squeegee 12, and the lower surface of the mask plate 2 is adhered to the upper surface of the printed circuit board 4 due to the adhesive force. Next, when the motor 8 is rotated in the reverse direction to lower the printed circuit board 4, the mask plate 2 is attached to the printed circuit board 4 by the adhesive force of the cream solder 13 and gradually bends downward due to its own elasticity (FIG. 10). (B)). When the printed circuit board 4 is further lowered, as shown in FIG.
Is peeled off from the printed circuit board 4 at once, and returns to the horizontal state shown by the solid line in FIG. Incidentally, the mask plate 2 is formed of a flexible thin metal plate having a spring property such as a stainless steel plate.

As described above, when the printed circuit board 4 is lowered to separate the printed circuit board 4 from the mask plate 2, the mask plate 2 is immediately removed from the printed circuit board 4 by its own elasticity when the printed circuit board 4 is lowered to some extent. The separation causes the cream solder 13 in the pattern hole to be disturbed by the impact at that time, or the cream solder 13 on the printed circuit board 4 to be deformed due to the cream solder 13 being left in the pattern hole. It is.

FIG. 11 is a view showing an example of cream solder applied by a conventional screen printing apparatus. In FIG. 11, the cream solder 13b on the left is a good product and the cream solder 1 on the right is
Reference numeral 3c denotes a defective product which has been deformed for the above-mentioned reason. In this example, the edge portion thereof unnecessarily protrudes upward. Depending on the cream solder 13c that has been deformed as described above, it is difficult to correctly solder the leads of the electronic component. Such deterioration of the printing plate removability is remarkable when the cream solder 13 is applied at a fine pitch by the pattern holes of the fine pitch.
This is a particular problem when surface mounting is used.

In the above-mentioned conventional example, a screen printing apparatus for moving the printed board 4 up and down with respect to the screen mask 1 has been described as an example. The same problem as the above case occurs.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a screen printing apparatus and a screen printing method for cream solder, which can prevent the shape of the cream solder from being lost when the printed board and the mask plate are separated.

[0014]

According to the present invention, there is provided a screen printing apparatus comprising: a squeegee that slides on an upper surface of a mask plate of a screen mask; a board support for holding a printed board; and a printed board supported by the board support. Elevating means for elevating the height of the upper surface relative to the mask plate, and in a Vt diagram where the relative speed between the printed circuit board and the mask plate is V, and the time is t, starting with V = 0, And V has an intermediate value that is not 0 and V
And a control unit for controlling the lifting / lowering means by a speed pattern composed of a combination of minute motion patterns ending with = 0.

[0015]

According to the above construction, the printed board and the mask plate are gradually separated while repeating the movement and the stop a plurality of times. In this process, the shift speed is repeatedly generated between the solder particles of the cream solder that is in contact with the inner wall surface of the pattern hole of the mask plate, and the viscosity of the cream solder in this portion decreases. Thereby, the adhesive strength of the cream solder to the inner wall surface of the pattern hole is also weakened, and the cream solder easily comes off from the pattern hole. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the shape of the cream solder from being lost when the plate is removed.

[0016]

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 8 to 8 show a conventional screen printing apparatus.
Components that are the same as the components in FIG. 10 are given the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a screen printing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 14 denotes a base, and reference numeral 20 denotes a board positioning unit provided on the base 14 for positioning the printed circuit board 4. The substrate positioning unit 20 will be described later in detail with reference to FIG. Reference numeral 70 denotes a mask holding unit that holds a screen mask in a magazine (not shown). Of the mask holding portions 70, 71 and 72 are mask guides supported by columns 73 erected on the base 14 so as to be opposed to each other in the Y direction. And a feed screw 75 rotated by a motor 71a is rotatably supported by a shaft.
A feed nut 76 integrally connected to a support plate 77 that supports the two squeegees 12 so as to be able to move up and down is screwed. The support plate 77 is slidably mounted on the upper surfaces of the mask guides 71 and 72 in the Y direction. Therefore, cylinder 7
When one of the squeegees 8 is driven to lower one of the squeegees 12 and the motor 71a is driven, the squeegee 12 can be slid on the mask plate 2 in the direction of the arrow M1 or the direction of the arrow M2.

Next, the substrate positioning section 20 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a front view of a substrate positioning unit of the screen printing apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 21 denotes an X table, which is mounted on the base 14 as shown in FIG.
Is a Y table placed on the X table 21 and driven by the Y motor 24. Reference numeral 25 denotes a first feed screw rotatably supported by a plate 23a mounted on the Y table 23, and reference numeral 26 denotes a second feed screw which is similarly supported and has the same thread portion as the first feed screw 25. It is a screw. First
A timing pulley 27 and a timing pulley 28 are respectively mounted on the lower portions of the feed screw 25 and the second feed screw 26, and a timing belt 29 is tuned to the timing pulley 27 and the timing pulley 28. A feed nut 30 rotatably supported by the first lift plate 31 so as to be unable to move up and down is screwed to the upper portions of the first feed screw 25 and the second feed screw 26. Further, the first Z screw 3 fixed to the lower surface of the plate 23a is connected to the first feed screw 25.
2 is transmitted via the gear train 33. Therefore, when the first Z motor 32 is driven, the first feed screw 25 and the second feed screw 26 can be rotated via the gear train 33, the timing pulley 27, the timing belt 29, and the timing pulley 28. Thus, the first lift plate 31 moves up and down in the direction of arrow N1.

The first lift plate 31 has a lift guide 34,
An elevating guide 35 is erected, and a first block 36 is fixed above the elevating guide 34 and the elevating guide 3
A second block 37 is fixed to an upper part of the fifth block 5. A clamper 38 slidable in the direction of arrow N3 is provided above the first block 36. The upper surface of the clamper 38 and the upper surface of the second block 37 have a function as a lower receiving portion of the mask plate 2 and are at the same level. A slide cylinder 39 is fixed to the left side of the first block 36 in FIG. 2 so that the rod 40 faces the left direction in FIG. 2, and the left end of the rod 40 is connected to a clamper 38 via a connecting rod 41. 2 is connected to the left part of FIG. Therefore, when the slide cylinder 39 is driven to push and retract the rod 40, the clamper 38 can be moved in the direction of the arrow N3, whereby the printed circuit board 4 existing between the clamper 38 and the second block 37 can be moved. Can be clamped so as to be able to freely contact and separate. That is, the clamper 38 and the second block 37
Corresponds to the clamping means. In addition, at a portion where the first block 36 and the second block 37 face each other,
A conveyor 42 and a conveyor 43 for transporting the printed circuit board 4 in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 2 are provided.

A second elevating plate 44 is guided by the elevating guide 34 and the elevating guide 35 via bearings 45 so as to be able to move up and down in the direction of arrow N2. It is pivoted. A second Z motor 47 for rotating the feed nut 46 is fixed to a lower portion of the first elevating plate 31 via a gear train 48, and an upper portion of the feed nut 46 is supported by a bearing 50 on the second elevating plate. 44
A third feed screw 49 that is rotatably supported by the first screw is screwed. Further, a suction block 51 provided with a suction pipe 52 for sucking the lower surface of the printed circuit board 4 is fixed to a position on the upper surface of the second elevating plate 44 directly below the printed circuit board 4. Therefore, the second Z motor 4
When the 7 is driven, the feed nut 46 and the third feed screw 49 can be rotated via the gear train 48, whereby the second lifting plate 44 and the suction block 51 are moved relative to the first lifting plate 31. To move up and down in the direction of arrow N2.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the suction block 51 corresponds to the board supporting portion that holds the printed board 4. Also, the first Z motor 32, gear train 33, timing pulley 27, timing belt 29, timing pulley 28, first feed screw 25, second feed screw 26, second Z motor 47, gear train 48, A third feed screw 49,
The feed nut 46 is used as the suction block 5 as a substrate support.
1 corresponds to elevating means for elevating the height of the upper surface of the printed circuit board 4 held by 1 relative to the mask plate 2. In this embodiment, the mask plate 2 is immovable and the printed circuit board 4 is raised and lowered by the elevating means. However, the printed board 4 may be immovable and the mask plate 2 is raised and lowered by the elevating means. include.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 60 denotes V-, where V is the separation speed between the printed circuit board 4 and the mask plate 2 and t is the time.
In the t diagram, a RAM (which will be described later in detail) that stores a speed pattern (which will be described in detail later) that has a combination of a plurality of operation patterns that start at V = 0, have an intermediate value that is not V = 0 on the way, and end at V = 0. A speed pattern storage unit such as a random access memory. As the operation pattern, in addition to the trapezoidal pattern used in this embodiment, a triangular pattern having an intermediate value starting from V = 0 and not V = 0 and ending at V = 0 may be employed. Reference numerals 61 and 62 denote driving units each including a driver for driving the first Z motor 32 and the second Z motor 47, and reference numeral 63 denotes a command to the driving units 61 and 62 by referring to the speed pattern storage unit 60. Thus, the control unit is a control unit such as a CPU (central processing unit) that controls the first Z motor 32 and the second Z motor 47.

FIG. 3 shows a first example of the speed pattern. In this example, the same operation pattern P1 is repeatedly performed continuously. The first operation pattern P1 is a trapezoidal pattern in which the separation speed V starts at V = 0, has an intermediate value of V = V1 from time t1 to t2, and becomes V = 0 at time t3. In one operation pattern, the mask plate 2 and the printed circuit board 4 are set to be separated from each other by about several tens of microns to several hundreds of microns.

One embodiment of the screen printing apparatus according to the present invention has the above-described configuration. Next, the operation of the screen printing apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS.
This will be described with reference to FIGS.

First, the printed circuit board 4 is mounted on conveyors 42 and 43.
Is transported above the suction block 51 by
The second Z motor 47 is driven to raise the suction block 51, and the printed board 4 is sucked and held by the suction pipe 52, and its upper surface is set to the height of the upper surface of the second block 37 and the upper surface of the clamper 38. Lift to a matching height. Next, the X motor 22 and the Y motor 24 are driven to
Is positioned on the mask plate 2 and the first Z motor 32
To drive the upper surface of the printed circuit board 4 into contact with the lower surface of the mask plate 2. Then, as shown in FIG.
The cream solder 13 on the mask plate 2 is filled into the pattern holes 2a by moving the upper surface of the mask plate 2.

All the pattern holes 2a of the mask plate 2
When the filling of the cream solder 13 is completed, the control unit 63
The speed pattern (see FIG. 3) stored in the speed pattern storage unit 60 is read out, and the first Z
The motor 32 is driven to separate the printed circuit board 4 from the lower surface of the mask plate 2. FIG. 8B shows the state at this time. The cream solder 13 is made by mixing flux with solder particles having a particle size of about several tens of microns.
Therefore, when the printed circuit board 4 is lowered with the speed pattern shown in FIG. 3, a relative shift (shear) between the solder particles near the inner wall surface of the pattern hole 2a, that is, a shift speed υ (or a shear speed υ) occurs. I do.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing the deviation speed generated in the cream solder.
FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between the viscosity and the viscosity η.

It is known that the viscosity η of the cream solder 13 decreases when kneading causes a shift speed between the solder particles, and the viscosity once lowered does not recover after a certain period of time. It is also known. Such a property is called thixotropic property. As described above, when the printed circuit board 4 is intermittently lowered, a shift speed υ occurs in the cream solder 13a near the pattern hole 2a, and the viscosity η decreases. More specifically, referring to FIG.
Assuming that the viscosity η of the cream solder 13 immediately after filling the pattern hole 2a is η1, a shift speed に occurs in the cream solder 13a near the inner wall surface in the first operation pattern P1,
The viscosity decreases along the curve m ₁ and becomes η2. The viscosity when the printed board 4 is stopped is elevated to .eta.3, viscosity so quickly shift speed υ occurs due next operation pattern P1 is going to change η4 → η6 decreases along the central office line m ₂ . In the conventional method, since the printed circuit board 4 was lowered at once without stopping, the effective displacement speed υ did not occur in the cream solder 13a near the inner wall surface of the pattern hole 2a, and the viscosity of the cream solder 13 did not decrease. Printing failure had occurred.

FIG. 8C shows a state of the cream solder 13 after the separation is completed. In this method, the viscosity of the cream solder 13 at the center of the pattern hole 2a is not changed, and only the viscosity of the cream solder 13a near the inner wall surface is reduced. It is possible to print the cream solder 13 in an extremely good state without worrying that the solder will fall out of shape.

FIG. 4 shows a second example of the speed pattern. In this example, the operation pattern P2 whose intermediate value is a positive value V2 and the operation pattern P3 whose intermediate value is a negative value V3 are alternately repeated. By doing so, in addition to the effects described in the first example, since the printed circuit board 4 is moved not only downward but also upward, the viscosity η can be further promoted to be reduced, and the removability of the cream solder 13 can be improved. it can.

FIG. 5 shows a third example of the speed pattern. In the present example, the intermediate value of the first operation pattern P4 is increased, and the acceleration is increased. In this manner, immediately after the start of the driving of the lifting / lowering means, that is, while the viscosity η of the cream solder 13 is large, the speed V is greatly changed to make the cream solder 1 close to the inner wall surface of the pattern hole 2a.
It is preferable that a certain impact is given to 3a to reduce the viscosity η at once. In the third example, the moving distance in each of the operation patterns P4 to P8 is made constant, and the intermediate value of the second and subsequent operation patterns P5 to P8 is gradually increased.

FIG. 6 shows a fourth example of the speed pattern. In this example, in addition to the third example, an operation pattern having a negative intermediate value is added.

[0033]

According to the screen printing apparatus and the screen printing method of the present invention, the separation speed is reduced to zero a plurality of times in the process of separating the mask plate and the printed circuit board. The viscosity of the cream solder is reduced by intensively applying a shift speed to the cream solder, so that the solder removal of the cream solder is improved, and the cream solder without shape collapse can be printed on a printed circuit board.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a screen printing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a substrate positioning unit of the screen printing apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a view showing an example of a speed pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a view showing an example of a speed pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a view showing an example of a speed pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a speed pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing the viscosity characteristics of cream solder in one example of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of an operation of separating a mask plate and a printed circuit board according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a front view of a conventional screen printing apparatus.

10A is a diagram illustrating the operation of a conventional screen printing device. FIG. 10B is a diagram illustrating the operation of a conventional screen printing device. FIG. 10C is a diagram illustrating the operation of a conventional screen printing device.

FIG. 11 is an exemplary view of a cream solder applied by a conventional screen printing apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Mask Plate 2a Pattern Hole 3 Holder 4 Printed Circuit Board 12 Squeegee 32 First Z Motor 47 Second Z Motor 51 Suction Block 60 Speed Pattern Storage Unit 63 Control Unit

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B41F 15/08 303 B41F 15/18-15/26 B41F 15/40-15/42 H05K 3/12 610 H05K 3/34 505

Claims (13)

(57) [Claims] A mask plate having a pattern hole formed therein; a substrate supporting portion for holding a printed circuit board; and a substrate supporting portion and the mask plate for bringing an upper surface of the printed circuit board into and out of contact with a lower surface of the mask plate. Elevating means for relatively elevating and lowering, and moving the mask plate while the upper surface of the printed circuit board is in contact with the lower surface of the mask plate to fill the pattern holes with cream solder on the mask. After filling the cream holes into the squeegee and the pattern holes, the operation of separating the printed board and the mask plate starts when the separation speed V between the printed board and the mask plate is V = 0 and V = 0 in the middle. Before performing with a speed pattern consisting of a combination of a plurality of motion patterns ending in V = 0 A screen printing apparatus, comprising: a control unit for controlling a lifting / lowering unit. 2. The screen printing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said speed pattern comprises a plurality of the same operation patterns. 3. The screen printing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said speed pattern comprises a plurality of different operation patterns. 4. The speed pattern according to claim 1, wherein an operation pattern having a positive intermediate value and an operation pattern having a negative intermediate value are alternately repeated.
A screen printing apparatus as described in the above. 5. The screen printing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the speed pattern has an intermediate value of a first operation pattern larger than an intermediate value of a second operation pattern. 6. A mask plate having a pattern hole formed therein, a substrate support for holding a printed circuit board, and the substrate support and the mask plate for bringing an upper surface of the printed circuit board into and out of contact with a lower surface of the mask plate. Elevating means for relatively elevating and lowering, and moving the mask plate while the upper surface of the printed circuit board is in contact with the lower surface of the mask plate to fill the pattern holes with cream solder on the mask. After filling cream solder into the squeegee and the pattern holes, the lifting / lowering means is controlled so that the separation speed of the printed board and the mask plate becomes zero a plurality of times in an operation process of separating the printed board and the mask plate. A screen printing apparatus, comprising: 7. The screen printing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said lifting means raises and lowers said substrate holder with respect to said mask plate. 8. A first step of positioning and contacting a printed circuit board with a lower surface of a mask plate having a pattern hole formed therein, and a step of moving a squeegee on the mask plate to fill the pattern hole with cream solder. And a third step of separating the printed board and the mask plate. The third step is started when the separation speed V of the mask plate and the printed board is V = 0, and V = A screen printing method which is performed based on a speed pattern having a combination of a plurality of operation patterns having an intermediate value other than 0 and ending with V = 0. 9. The screen printing method according to claim 8, wherein said speed pattern comprises a plurality of the same operation patterns. 10. The speed pattern according to claim 8, wherein said speed pattern comprises a plurality of different operation patterns.
Screen printing method as described. 11. The screen according to claim 8, wherein the speed pattern is obtained by alternately repeating an operation pattern whose intermediate value is a positive value and an operation pattern whose intermediate value is a negative value. Printing method. 12. The screen printing method according to claim 8, wherein the speed pattern has an intermediate value of the first operation pattern larger than an intermediate value of the second operation pattern. 13. A first step of positioning and contacting a printed circuit board with a lower surface of a mask plate in which a pattern hole is formed, and a step of moving a squeegee on the mask plate to fill the pattern hole with cream solder. And a third step of separating the printed board and the mask plate, wherein the relative speed between the printed board and the mask plate is reduced to zero a plurality of times during the third step. Screen printing method.