JP3090007B2 - binoculars - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to binoculars that can be used to view a short distance.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It is convenient if binoculars can be used not only for viewing far away, but also for observing plants at an outdoor or appreciating exhibits at exhibitions, as well as for viewing short distances of about 1 m. But,
When viewing a close-up object at a high magnification, the angle of convergence (the angle formed by the light beams emitted from the left and right eyepiece systems) becomes extremely large. For example, looking at the object 1 m ahead with 10 × binoculars is the same state as looking at 10 cm in front of the eyes (a state in which both eyes are brought close), and a heavy load is imposed on the eyes, and the eyes are very tired. Also, depending on the person, the left and right images may not be fused.
Therefore, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-107444, a device has been proposed which corrects a convergence angle at a short distance by eccentric means for changing a distance between objective optical systems in conjunction with a focusing mechanism. I have.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional example, the convergence angle is completely corrected so that the convergence angle becomes zero when focusing on an object at a finite distance.
In other words, if you make it the same state as looking at infinity,
Even though you should be looking at something close, the axes of both eyes will remain parallel, making you feel uncomfortable. In particular, when the object being viewed is suddenly changed from a distant object to a nearby object, the rays from the binoculars unconsciously bring both eyes closer to each other (even when the convergence angle is State), and it is difficult to fuse the left and right images.

[0004] In ordinary binoculars, the focusing state differs depending not only on the object distance but also on the diopter of the user. Therefore, if the correction of the convergence angle is completely performed in conjunction with the focusing mechanism, a person with a diopter of + (far vision) will have a state of convergence open. This is due to the following reasons. For example, if a person with diopter +2 diopters sees the scene of で with 10x binoculars, a person with diopter of 0 has 50 focusing units.
If you do not look at m, it will not be in focus. In this case, the convergence is parallel even if the convergence angle is not corrected because the object is at ∞. However, the convergence angle correction mechanism linked to the focusing mechanism works when the object is at a distance of 50 m. That is, unnecessary correction is performed, and the correction becomes excessive. By the way, in the convergence angle correction, the convergence angle in the proximity is changed from a closed state to a state close to parallel. However, if the correction is excessive, the convergence angle goes beyond the parallel state and becomes open. The normal human eye can handle a state of parallel or closed convergence. Therefore, if the user continues to use the apparatus while the convergence is open, a heavy burden is imposed on the eyes, and the eyes are very tired. In addition, when the lens is decentered in parallel or eccentric, or when the convergence angle is corrected by a prism, if the amount of eccentricity is increased to increase the amount of correction, or if the angle of the prism is increased, the image deteriorates. In particular, there is a problem when viewing a distant object because the object to be viewed is relatively fine.

[0005] The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide binoculars that do not give a sense of incongruity even when viewing a short distance. Another object of the present invention is to provide binoculars that can prevent convergence from spreading due to diopter and reduce the burden on the eyes.

[0006]

The present invention provides an objective optical system,
In a pair of binoculars having two optical systems including an erecting prism system and an eyepiece optical system, a focusing mechanism for performing focusing in accordance with an object distance, and a convergence angle of an object at a finite distance corrected in conjunction with the focusing mechanism The convergence angle correcting means does not completely correct the convergence angle, but leaves a certain amount of convergence angle.

The present invention relates to a binocular having two sets of an optical system including an objective optical system, an erecting prism system and an eyepiece optical system, and a focusing mechanism for performing focusing according to an object distance, and an interlocking operation with the focusing mechanism. Convergence angle correction means for correcting the convergence angle of an object at a finite distance, and the convergence angle correction means corrects the convergence angle only when focusing on an object distance shorter than a predetermined object distance. It is characterized by having. In this case, the convergence angle correcting means does not completely correct the convergence angle, but leaves a certain predetermined amount of convergence angle.

In the convergence angle correcting means, the convergence angle to be left uncorrected is set at 1.8 ° or more and 15 ° or less in the closest state within the range of the focusable object distance. The convergence angle left uncorrected by the convergence angle correction means is approximately the same as the convergence angle when viewed with the naked eye without using binoculars.

[0009] By leaving a certain amount of convergence angle without completely correcting the convergence angle by the convergence angle correction means, a weak convergence that does not impose a burden on the eyes is obtained, so that a natural appearance can be obtained. The user does not feel uncomfortable. In particular, when the object viewed from a distance to a short distance is changed, the problem that the left and right images do not fuse is eliminated.

The convergence angle is corrected only when the convergence angle correction means focuses on an object distance shorter than a predetermined object distance, so that the convergence can be prevented from spreading due to the diopter of the user as described above. . In the above example, when a person with diopter of +2 diopter looks at ∞, a person with diopter of 0 diopter sets the focusing mechanism to 50.
This is because the convergence angle correction mechanism does not operate even when focusing is performed with the m-point ahead, and the convergence is maintained in a parallel state without overcorrection. Furthermore, for long distances where there are many relatively fine objects, there is no need to decenter the lens for convergence angle correction or bend the light beam with a prism,
Image degradation can be eliminated.

In general binoculars, the angle of convergence is adjusted to almost 0 ° by Δ. This is because if the angle of convergence is attached to the object of ∞, it gives an uncomfortable feeling. Conversely, if there is a congestion of 1.8 ° or more in the proximity state, it is considered that the difference from the ∞ state can be identified, and the discomfort when the convergence is completely corrected can be reduced. On the other hand, it is said that a human eye can be seen 250 mm away without pain. If the degree of convergence is at this level, the burden on the eyes is considered to be small. The convergence angle at this time corresponds to 15 °. Therefore, it is considered that the effect of the convergence correction is effective even if such a degree of convergence remains, and the amount of convergence angle correction can be small, so that the deterioration of the image can be minimized. For the reasons described above, it is effective if the convergence angle left uncorrected by the convergence angle correction is 1.8 or more and 15 ° or less in the closest state within the range of the focusable object distance. In particular, if the convergence angle to leave without correction is about the convergence angle when viewed with the naked eye without using binoculars,
The most natural appearance.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

(First Embodiment) FIGS. 1 and 2 show a first embodiment of binoculars according to the present invention. 1A is a plan view showing the internal structure of the binoculars in a triangle state, FIG. 1B is a plan view showing a short distance state, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view seen from the front. The binoculars have a magnification of 10 times and have two sets of optical systems 7, 8 including objective optical systems 1, 2, erecting prism systems 3, 4, and eyepiece optical systems 5, 6. The focusing mechanism provided for this purpose rotates the focus shaft 13 by a focus ring 14 fixed to the focus shaft 13. Then, the blade 33 extending to the left and right fixed to the nut 16 moves in the direction of the focus shaft 13 via the screw portion 15 on the focus shaft 13 and the nut 16 screwed to the screw portion 15 so as to sandwich the blade 33 from front and rear. The objective optical systems 1 and 2 engaged with the blade 33 by the formed driven sector move in the direction of the focus axis 13 to perform focusing. At this time, the objective optical systems 1 and 2 move along the guide rods 35 and 36 which are inclined with respect to the optical axes 29 and 30 in a plane including the optical axes 29 and 30, but move around the guide rods 35 and 36. Since the auxiliary rods 37 and 38 for stopping rotation are disposed in parallel with the guide rods 35 and 36, the objective optical systems 1.2 move obliquely while being decentered parallel to the optical axes 29 and 30. The driven sector sandwiches the blade 33 from the front and rear. However, since the driven sector is free in the extending direction (left and right direction) of the blade 33, the objective optical systems 1 and 2 can be decentered.

According to this, the focus axis 1 is set for a short distance.
When the lens 3 is rotated, the objective optical systems 1 and 2 perform focusing, and are decentered in parallel with the optical axes 29 and 30 so that the distance between the optical axes 1 and 2 is reduced, and the convergence angle at a short distance is corrected. At this time, as shown by reference numerals 9 and 10 in FIG.
When the inclination of 6 and the auxiliary rods 37 and 38 is increased, the convergence angle is completely corrected, and the convergence angle becomes 0 regardless of the object distance. However, in this embodiment, the angle of convergence at a short distance is left by reducing the inclination of the auxiliary rods 37 and 38. FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the object distance and the convergence angle in this embodiment. Graph 41 shows a comparative example in which convergence angle correction is not performed at all. In the case of Comparative Example 41, the convergence angle exceeds 40 ° at the nearest 0.8 m, and a heavy load is imposed on the eyes. When the convergence angle is completely corrected, the graph 41 overlaps the horizontal axis, and the convergence angle becomes 0 even at the nearest 0.8 m, giving a sense of incongruity as described above. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the convergence angle is corrected so that the same convergence angle as when the binoculars are not used remains, and the relationship between the object distance and the convergence angle is as shown in a graph 40.

(Second Embodiment) FIGS. 4 and 5 show a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4A is a plan view showing the internal structure of the binoculars in a ∞ state, FIG. 4B is a plan view showing the internal structure in a short distance state, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view near the objective optical system.
The binoculars are composed of objective optical systems 1.2 and erect prism systems 3.4
It has a magnification of 10 and has two sets of optical systems 7.8 composed of eyepiece optical systems 5.6. In the focusing mechanism provided for this, a blade 33 is fixed to a nut 16 screwed to the screw portion 15 at the tip of the focus shaft 13, and the blade 33 is formed in the objective tubes 21 and 22 containing the objective optical systems 1 and 2. The driven sector is engaged in the same manner as in the first embodiment. The objective tubes 21 and 22 have optical axes 29.3 in barrels 23 and 24, respectively.
It is stored so as to translate in the 0 direction. Further, the objective optical systems 1 and 2 are provided in the objective tubes 21 and 22 with pins 25 and 26 fixed to the objective optical systems 1 and 2 provided in the upper portions of the objective tubes 21 and 22 with long holes 31. 32, the pins 25 and 26 are movable in the vertical direction with respect to the optical axes 29 and 30, and the pins 25 and 26 are further provided with cam grooves 27 provided in the lens barrels 23 and 24.
-It is engaged with 28. The portions corresponding to 5 m from the object distance ∞ are parallel to the optical axes 29 and 30 and the cam grooves 27 and 28 are 5 m
Is inclined with respect to the optical axes 29 and 30 from the closest distance of 0.8 m.

According to this, as shown in FIG. 4B, when the focus shaft 13 is rotated by the focus ring 14 fixed to the shaft 13 for a short distance, the blade 33 causes the screw portion 15 and the nut 16 to rotate. And the objective optical system 1.2 is guided by the lens barrels 23 and 24, moves in the same direction as the focusing, and performs focusing.
The objective optical systems 1.2 are decentered parallel to the optical axes 29 and 30 by the cam grooves 27 and 28 via the pins 25 and 26.
From the object distance ∞ to 5 m, the parallel eccentricity is 0 and the convergence angle is not corrected. Closest distance 0.8m from object distance 5m
Up to this point, the parallel eccentricity gradually increases, the distance between the left and right objective optical systems 1 and 2 becomes narrower, and the convergence angle at a short distance is corrected. FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the object distance and the convergence angle in the second embodiment. The graph 43 shows a case where the convergence angle correction is not performed at all. In this case, at the nearest 0.8 m, the convergence angle exceeds 40 °, and a heavy load is imposed on the eyes. Cam groove 27
When the angle of convergence is completely corrected by inclining the angle of convergence by tilting the lens 28 with respect to the optical axes 29 and 30 even if it is 5 m from ∞, the convergence in ∞ is opened when a person other than diopter 0 focuses, and the eyes are burdened. . In the second embodiment, as shown in the graph 42, the convergence angle is not corrected from 5 m to 5 m, and the convergence angle is corrected from 5 m to the nearest 0.8 m within the range where focusing is possible. The angle does not exceed 7.3 °. In this way, the angle of convergence does not increase to a short distance, and does not put a burden on the eyes. Also, a person with a diopter of + uses the convergence near ∞ in a state where the convergence is open, and places a burden on the eyes. I do not call it. Further, in the vicinity of a distant place where a fine object is often seen, the image does not deteriorate due to the eccentricity of the lens for correcting the convergence angle.

(Third Embodiment) FIGS. 7 and 8 show a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7A is a plan view showing the internal structure of the binoculars in a triangle state, FIG. 7B is a plan view showing the close-up state of the binoculars, and FIG. These binoculars have objective optical systems 1 and 2 and an erect prism system 3
2 sets of optical systems 7 and 8 including 4 and eyepiece optical systems 5 and 6
And a magnification of 10 times. Here, the objective optical system 1
2 is a positive front group lens 51/52 and a negative rear group lens 53
-Consists of 54. When the focus shaft 13 is rotated by a focus ring 14 fixed to the focus shaft 13, the screw portion 15 at the tip of the focus shaft 13 and the nut 1
The blade 33 fixed to the nut 16 moves in the direction of the focusing shaft 13 via the lens 6, and the rear group lenses 53 and 54 engaged with the blade 33 move in the direction of the focusing shaft 13 to perform focusing. On the other hand, the erecting prism systems 3 and 4 have the optical axis 29.
The cam 57 is movably arranged in the vertical direction with respect to the center 30 and is urged by springs 55 and 56 so as to always contact the periphery of the cam 57 fixed on the focus shaft 13. Parallel eccentricity. That cam 57
FIG. 9 shows the shape of. Focus axis 13 is 1 from object distance ∞
The contact portion 58 of the cam 57 corresponding to an angle of 0 m has a constant diameter, and the erect prism diameters 3.4 do not decenter in parallel. Contact part 5 of cam 57 from object distance 10m to nearest 0.8m
In 9, the diameter of the cam 57 gradually increases, causing parallel eccentricity of the erect prism diameters 3 and 4.

According to this, when the focus shaft 13 is rotated for a short distance as shown in FIG. 7B, the rear group lenses 53 and 54 move to perform focusing, and the cam 57 rotates. The object distance is 10m and the closest distance is 0.
For 8 m, the erecting prism systems 3.4 are provided with optical axes 29 and 30.
Eccentricity is increased in parallel with the distance, and the convergence angle at a short distance is corrected. On the other hand, since the parallel eccentricity of the erecting prism systems 3 and 4 does not occur from the object distance ∞ to 10 m, the convergence angle is not corrected.

FIG. 10 shows the relationship between the object distance and the convergence angle in the third embodiment. As shown in the graph 44, the correction of the convergence angle is not performed from 10 m to 10 m, and the correction is performed from 10 m to 0.8 m, which is the closest in the range where focusing is possible, while leaving a part of the convergence angle. . The convergence angle left at this time is set to increase as the object distance approaches. Thereby, natural convergence is applied without difficulty according to the distance of the object. Further, since the parallel eccentricity of the erecting prism systems 3 and 4 does not occur from ∞ to 10 m, a person with a diopter of + does not put a burden on the eyes when used with the convergence open near 開 い. Further, in the vicinity of a distant place where a fine object is often viewed, the image does not deteriorate due to the eccentricity of the lens for correcting the convergence angle. Means of convergence angle correction leaving a little convergence angle as described above is not limited to mechanical convergence angle correction as in each of the above embodiments,
It is also effective in electrical convergence angle correction means such as eccentricity or driving of an optical component using an actuator or the like.

[0019]

According to the present invention, since the convergence angle is not completely corrected by the convergence angle correction means but a certain predetermined amount of convergence angle is left, weak convergence that does not burden the eyes is reduced. It gives a natural appearance and gives the user no discomfort. In particular, when the object viewed from a distance to a short distance is changed, the problem that the left and right images do not fuse is eliminated.

Since the convergence angle is corrected only when the convergence angle correcting means focuses on an object distance shorter than a predetermined object distance, it is possible to prevent the convergence from spreading due to the diopter of the user. , Can reduce eye fatigue. Further, it is not necessary to bend a light beam with a prism whose lens is decentered for correction of a convergence angle at a long distance where there are many relatively small objects, so that image deterioration can be eliminated.

The convergence angle left uncorrected by the convergence angle correction is 1.8 or more and 15 ° or less in the closest state within the range of the focusable object distance, so that uncomfortable feeling can be reduced and image quality can be reduced. Degradation can be minimized. In particular, if the convergence angle left without correction is about the convergence angle when viewed with the naked eye without using binoculars, the appearance is the most natural.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A shows the internal structure of the binoculars of the first embodiment.
FIG. 3B is a plan view showing the state, and FIG.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the binoculars of the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between an object distance and a convergence angle in the first embodiment.

FIG. 4A shows the internal structure of the binoculars of the second embodiment.
FIG. 3B is a plan view showing the state, and FIG.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the vicinity of an objective optical system of binoculars according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between an object distance and a convergence angle in the second embodiment.

FIG. 7A shows the internal structure of the binoculars according to the third embodiment.
FIG. 3B is a plan view showing the state, and FIG.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the vicinity of an erect prism system of the binoculars of the third embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a front view of a cam of the binoculars of the third embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between an object distance and a convergence angle in the third embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1.2 Objective optical system 3.4 Erect prism system 5.6 Eyepiece optical system 7.8 Optical system 13 Focus axis 21.22 Objective cylinder 23.24 Lens barrel 25.26 Pin 27.28 Cam groove 29.30 Light Shaft 31 ・ 32 Long hole 33 Blade 35 ・ 36 Auxiliary rod 37 ・ 36 Guide rod 51 ・ 52 Front group lens 53 ・ 54 Rear group lens 57 Cam

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] In a binocular having two sets of an optical system including an objective optical system, an erecting prism system and an eyepiece optical system, a focusing mechanism for performing focusing according to an object distance, and a finite in conjunction with the focusing mechanism. Convergence angle correction means for correcting a convergence angle at an object at a distance, wherein the convergence angle correction means does not completely correct the convergence angle, but leaves a certain predetermined amount of convergence angle. Binoculars characterized by the following. 2. A binocular having two sets of an optical system including an objective optical system, an erecting prism system and an eyepiece optical system, a focusing mechanism for performing focusing according to an object distance, and a finite in cooperation with the focusing mechanism. A convergence angle correction means for correcting a convergence angle at an object at a distance, wherein the convergence angle correction means is adapted to correct the convergence angle only when focusing on an object distance shorter than a certain predetermined object distance. Binoculars characterized by that. 3. The binoculars according to claim 2, wherein the convergence angle correcting means does not completely correct the convergence angle but leaves a certain predetermined amount of convergence angle. 4. The convergence angle left uncorrected by the convergence angle correction means is set to be not less than 1.8 ° and not more than 15 ° in a closest state within a range of a focusable object distance. The binoculars according to claim 1 or 3. 5. The binoculars according to claim 4, wherein the convergence angle left uncorrected by the convergence angle correction means is substantially equal to the convergence angle when viewed with the naked eye without using the binoculars.