JP3085574B2 - Ladder equipment for construction machinery - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for raising and lowering a ladder for lifting and lowering in a construction machine such as a floating crane or a pole type crane having side steps for walking on the left and right sides of an upper revolving structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a floating crane in which a crane is installed on a barge, an upper swing body is installed through a swing device.
Side steps are mounted on the left and right sides of the upper swing body.
These side steps are used by an operator to get on and off the driver's cab on the upper revolving superstructure, and for walking by a person at the time of maintenance and inspection of a front device such as a boom or a mounting device such as a winch or a hydraulic drive device.

Conventionally, in such a floating crane, the swivel device is conventionally set as low as possible. However, the space under the upper revolving structure can be effectively used as a storage space, and the lower space of the upper revolving structure can be walked. In order to secure a possible space, there is a demand to set the upper revolving superstructure relative to the deck of the barge as high as possible. In order to meet such demands, the upper swing body is installed at a high position, and a ladder for climbing to the side step on the upper swing body is attached to the upper swing body separately from the side steps. Also, when the crane is operated, it is preferable that the ladder be raised and lowered so that the ladder is raised in order to prevent the ladder from coming into contact with an object placed under the upper slewing body when the upper slewing body turns. .

[0004]

Conventionally, a hydraulic cylinder has been used as a driving device for raising and lowering the ladder. However, the hydraulic cylinder must operate the engine of the hydraulic power source device on the upper swing body. After the crane operation, the ladder is lowered by operating the operation switch etc. in the cab to operate the hydraulic cylinder after the crane operation, and the ladder cannot be raised after the operator descends along the ladder. For this reason, there is a problem that the ladder obstructs walking and getting up when the crane is at rest.

[0005] The inventors of the present invention have been able to raise the ladder of a construction machine having the above-mentioned up-and-down ladder even when the construction machine is at rest. as ladder device does not obstruct the placing, developed ladder device ladder is raised and lowered by an electric winch powered by a battery mounted on a construction machine, Japanese Patent Application No. 8-120978 (JP-a-9-27836
No. 6) .

The present invention relates to an improvement of the ladder device of the prior application, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a ladder device having a configuration in which an erroneous operation is prohibited when it is not necessary to raise or lower the ladder.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a construction machine in which a support base is installed on a barge or a lower traveling body, and an upper revolving body is installed on the support base via a revolving device. An electric drive device is provided as a drive device for raising and lowering a ladder for ascending and descending to a side step attached to the body, and an operation switch and an operation enable / disable of the operation switch are selected in a circuit of the electric drive device. A preparation switch is provided, and an alarm device for issuing an alarm when the preparation switch is at a position where the operation of the operation switch is enabled is provided (claim 1).

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the operation switch is installed on a location that can be operated from the ground or from the deck of the barge, and on an upper revolving structure (claim 2).

The present invention is characterized in that, in claim 2, the preparation switch is provided in each of two operation switches (claim 3).

Further, according to the present invention, the preparation switch is inserted into each power supply circuit of the two operation switches, respectively.
When any one of the preparation switches is turned on, the operation of only the corresponding operation switch is enabled (claim 4).

[0011]

According to the first aspect, the ladder can be raised and lowered by operating the operation switch only when the preparation switch is at a position where the operation of the operation switch is valid. Further, when the preparation switch is at a position where the operation of the operation switch is enabled, an alarm is activated to notify an operator or the like around the ladder to prevent a person from approaching the ladder or under the ladder. Further, when the alarm is operating, the preparation switch is turned on, so that the alarm prevents the preparation switch from being forgotten to be turned off.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the operation switch is provided on a location that can be operated from the ground or from the deck of the barge and on the upper revolving structure, the ladder can be easily raised and lowered at each location.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the operation switch and the preparation switch are provided side by side, so that the operation switch and the preparation switch can be operated on the upper revolving structure and the like or on the ground or on a barge without moving. Can be.

According to the present invention, when one of the ready switches is turned on, the operation of only the corresponding one of the operation switches becomes effective, and the ladder cannot be raised or lowered by operating the non-compatible operation switch.

[0015]

FIG. 3 is a side view of a floating crane showing one embodiment of a ladder device according to the present invention, FIG. 4 is a side view showing an entire structure of the floating crane including a barge, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a front view of the crane, FIG. 6 is a side view of the ladder device of the crane, FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 6, FIG. 8 is a plan view of FIG. 6, and FIG. .

In FIG. 4, 1 is a barge, 2 is a navigation device,
3 is a crane. The crane 3 has a post-shaped support having ribs 5a (see FIG. 5) on the barge 1 in order to secure a space of a height H that can be walked by the person between the upper swing body 4 and the deck of the barge 1. The upper revolving superstructure 4 is installed at 5 via a revolving device 6. A boom 7, a main winch 8, a supplementary winch 9, a boom hoisting winch 10, a hydraulic power unit 11, a cab 12, a counterweight 13, and the like are mounted on the upper swing body 4.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, side steps 14, 15 are mounted on the left and right sides of the upper swing body 4, respectively. The right side step 14, which is the cab 12 side,
In the present embodiment, side steps 14A to 14C having lengths L1, L2, and L3, respectively, are configured as a unit 17 having a ladder 16, and side steps 14B and 14C are provided before and after the unit. Similarly, on the left side step 15, another side step is arranged side by side on at least one of the unit having the ladder 18 and the unit before and after the unit.

As shown in a partially broken plan view of FIG. 8, the unit 17 has a vertical frame 2 forming a frame of the unit 17.
Horizontal frame 2 welded to the front end, rear end, and middle part of 0
The bracket 21 is welded to the end of each of the upper revolving unit 4, 28, and 34, and each bracket 21 is fixed to a mounting seat 22 provided on the upper revolving unit 4 with bolts 23 as shown in FIG. Attach the unit 17 to.

As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, a bearing 25 is fixed on the front surface of the horizontal frame 24 at the rear end of the vertical frame 20.
Is rotatably mounted on the bearing 25 by a mounting shaft 27.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 9, between the horizontal frame 28 at the front end of the unit 17 and the horizontal frame 29 adjacent to the horizontal frame 28, the upper swing of the crane for raising and lowering the ladder 16 is performed. A housing 31 containing an electric winch 30 powered by a battery mounted on the body 4 is mounted. A lid 32 made of an iron plate is mounted on the upper surface of the housing 31 so as to be openable and closable for maintenance and inspection. .

As shown in FIG. 6 and FIG.
The device for raising and lowering the unit comprises: a sheave 37 attached to a bracket 36 protruding from a lower surface of an intermediate vertical frame 35 (see FIG. 8) of the unit 17 by winding and feeding the wire rope 33 by the electric winch 30; The ladder 16 is wrapped around sheaves 38 and 39 attached to the lower surface of the ladder 16 so as to swing freely on the left and right sides, and the end is connected to the outer vertical frame 40.

As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the ladder 16 is lowered between one (or both) vertical frame of the ladder 16 and the bracket 36 provided on the intermediate vertical frame 35 of the unit 17. A link 41 as a support member for supporting the ladder 16 is attached to the ladder 16. The link 41 has one end rotatably connected to the vertical frame of the ladder 16 by a pin 42,
On the other end side, when the ladder 16 is lowered, the link 4
The ladder 16 is supported by bringing an end of a groove 41a provided in the longitudinal direction 1 into contact with a pin 43 fixed to the bracket 36. Note that a foldable link can be used as the link 41, and the link 41
Instead, telescopic rods, wires, and chains can be used.

Reference numeral 44 denotes an upper limit switch attached to the lower surface of the intermediate vertical frame 35, which is operated by being pushed by the ladder 16 at the upper limit position of the ladder 16 when the electric winch 30 raises the ladder 16, and the contact is opened. Thus, the raising operation of the electric winch 30 is stopped. 4
Reference numeral 5 denotes a lower limit switch attached to the lower surface of the horizontal frame 24. The lower limit switch is operated by being pushed by the ladder 16 at the lower limit position as shown in FIG. It is to stop.

FIG. 1B is an electric circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, reference numeral 47 denotes a battery mounted on the upper swing body 4, and reference numeral 48 denotes a cab 12 as in this embodiment. An operation switch 49 for operating the electric winch 30 installed on the upper or upper revolving unit 4 is a switch for operating the electric winch 30 on the barge 1. The switch 49 is a ladder as shown in FIG. It is attached to the hook 46 provided on the vertical frame portion 16 by a means such as a detachable hook. The electric winch 30 includes an electric motor 30a and a winch drum 30b. Reference numeral 50 denotes a control panel for the electric motor 30a, which operates the electric motor 30a in a hoisting direction and a hoisting direction in response to an up / down signal passing through the operation switches 48 and 49, the upper limit switch 44, and the lower limit switch 45. is there. FIG. 3 shows the mounting positions of the battery 47, the operation switches 48 and 49, and the control panel 50.

The power supply side cables 51 and 52 of the operation switches 48 and 49 are connected to the battery 47 via a cable 53, preparation switches 68 and 69 connected in parallel with each other, and a fuse or breaker 54. These preparation switches 68 and 69 are provided in parallel with the operation switches 48 and 49, respectively.
As shown in FIG.
Preparation switches 68, 6 on the same case or panel as
9 is provided. Reference numeral 70 denotes an alarm which generates a sound such as a buzzer.
When the switch 9 is turned on, it is energized by the battery 47 and operates.

The winding upper contacts a and b of the operation switches 48 and 49 are commonly connected to an upper limit switch 44 via cables 55 and 56, respectively, and the upper limit switch 44 is connected to a winding circuit of a control panel 50. Is done. The lower contacts c and d of the switches 48 and 49 are commonly connected to a lower limit switch 45 via cables 57 and 58, respectively.
Is connected to the lower winding circuit. In the present embodiment, the operation switch 49 is detachably mounted on a hook 46 provided on the ladder 16, and the cables 52, 56 and 58 connected to the control panel 50 are collectively a cable 59 (see FIG. 6). Then, the cable 59 is loosened and wired along with the ladder 16. Reference numeral 60 denotes a timer relay. The timer relay 60 has a contact 60a connected in parallel to the lower limit switch 45 and the operation switches 48 and 49.
And a coil 60x inserted between the circuit between the lower limit switch 45 and the control panel 50 and the ground. The power cable 61 of the electric motor 30a is connected to the battery 47 via a fuse or a breaker 62.

As shown in FIG. 9, a cushioning material 64 made of rubber or the like is attached to the horizontal frame 28 at the front end of the unit 17 so as to reduce the impact caused by the collision of the ladder 16 when the ladder 16 is lifted and floated. Also, the horizontal frame 28 has an unlocking device 6 including a locking rod 66 with a spring 65 for locking the ladder 16 when the ladder 16 is raised and a solenoid or the like.
7 is attached. The unlocking device 67 is shown in FIG.
As shown in (B), when the operation switches 48 and 49 are operated to the lower side, electricity is supplied and the locking rod 66 is retracted from the locked position of the ladder 16 to the non-locked position.

In this configuration, the ready switches 68, 6
When the switch 9 is off, that is, in the position where the operation of the operation switches 48 and 49 is invalidated, the power supply side cables 51 and 52 of the operation switches 48 and 49 are disconnected from the battery 47, so that the operation switches 48 or 49 are operated. However, no operation signal is applied to the control panel 50, so that the ladder 16 does not move up and down and the alarm 70 does not operate. When one of the preparation switches 68 or 69 is turned on, the power supply side cables 51 and 52 of the operation switch 48 or 49 are turned on.
Is connected to the battery 47 via the preparation switch 68 or 69, so that the operation switch 48 or 4
Operation 9 becomes effective. Further, when the preparation switch 68 or 69 is turned on, the alarm 70 is activated to notify the surrounding workers that the ladder 16 is being raised or lowered or that the ladder 16 is being raised or lowered, and alert the workers or the like.

When the operation switch 48 or 49 is turned to the upper side (contact a or b side) from the state where the ladder 16 is in the lowered position as shown in FIG. The winch 30 is driven upward to take up the wire rope 33, whereby the ladder 16 rotates upward about the mounting shaft 27. At this time, as shown in FIG.
Is pushed up while sliding on the pin 43 provided on the bracket 36, and finally becomes horizontal as shown by a two-dot chain line.
On the other hand, the leading end of the ladder 16 pushes the locking rod 66 shown in FIG. 9 against the spring 65 immediately before reaching the upper limit. At the same time as the projection 66 locks the ladder 16, the ladder 16 operates the upper limit switch 44 shown in FIG. 7 and turns off the upper and lower limit switch 44 shown in FIG. 1B to automatically stop the electric winch 30. Let it. After the electric winch 30 stops, the preparation switch 68 or 69 is turned off. Thereby, the operation of the alarm 70 is stopped.

On the other hand, when the preparation switch 68 or 69 is turned on while the ladder 16 is in the retracted position (up position), the alarm 70 is activated in the same manner as described above. Further, in this state, when the operation switch 48 or 49 is operated to the lower side (contact c or d side), the lock release device 67 is energized to retreat the lock rod 66 to the non-lock position, The winch 30 is rotated downward. As a result, the ladder 16 rotates downward about the mounting shaft 27 by its own weight, and at the same time, the groove 41 a of the link 41
Finally, as shown in FIG. 6, the end of the groove 41a of the link 41 abuts on the pin 43 to prevent the ladder 16 from descending further. It is a lifting position which can be moved up and down to the side step 14.

In the state where the ladder 16 has descended to just before the lower limit position of the ladder 16, the lower limit switch 45
Is opened, but the contact 60a of the timer relay 60 remains closed for a set time even if the lower limit switch 45 is opened, so that the lowering operation of the electric winch 30 continues for a predetermined time, and the wire rope 33 is fed out. Wire rope 33
Is relaxed by a certain amount corresponding to the set time of the timer relay 60. As a result, the ladder 16 is supported only by the link 41, so that even if a person gets on the ladder 16 and moves up and down, the swing is reduced. Further, since the ladder 16 is supported by the link 41 as a support member in a state where the ladder 16 is lowered, it is not necessary to support the weight of the ladder and the weight of the person by the electric winch 30 (ladder raising / lowering device). Of the electric winch 30 can be used.

As shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 3, and as shown in FIGS. 5 and 9, the ladder 16 is stored using the space on the lower surface of the side step 14, thereby requiring a special storage space. Without the ladder 16. Also, ladder 1
In the retracted state of the ladder 16, the storage position of the ladder 16 is set such that the ladder 16 is located above the support 5 on the fixed wheel side of the turning device 6 in the retracted state of the turning device 6. A sufficient moving space for a person or the like can be formed. In particular, as in the present embodiment, by setting the position of the lower surface in the state in which the ladder 16 is stored to be substantially equal to or higher than the lower surface of the upper revolving structure 4, the ladder 16 can pass through the lower space of the upper revolving structure 4 or move objects. It does not interfere with placing.

As described above, by making it possible to raise and lower the ladder 16 by remote control on the barge, the ladder 16 can be put in the retracted state while the crane is at rest. It can be used for passing and storing. In addition, since the electric winch 30 uses the battery 47 mounted on the upper swing body 4 as a power source, the ladder 16 can be raised and lowered while the engine is in a stopped state, and before the operator goes up to the driver's cab. The danger that the engine will be started soon can be avoided.

As described above, the preparation switch 68 or 69 is turned on only when the ladder 16 is raised or lowered to enable the operation of the operation switch 48 or 49.
When it is not necessary to raise and lower the ladder 16, the preparation switch 6
By turning off the switches 8 and 69, the operation switch 4
Raising and lowering of the ladder 16 due to an erroneous operation of 8, 49 can be prevented. When the ready switch 68 or 69 is in the position where the operation of the operation switch is enabled, the alarm 7
0 is activated to inform workers and others around the ladder 16,
A person is prevented from approaching the ladder 16 or the ladder 16. Also, as long as the alarm 70 is activated, the alarm 70
Operates, so that forgetting to turn off the preparation switches 68 and 69 is prevented. Preparation switches 68 and 69 are operation switches 4
8 and 49 may be provided in common, but as in the present embodiment, the preparation switches 68 and 69 are operated by the operation switches 4 and 4 respectively.
By providing them together with 8, 49, the preparation switch 68 or 69 and the operation switch 48 or 49 can be operated at the same place, and the operability is improved.

FIG. 2 is an electric circuit diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, each operation switch 48, 49 is inserted into each of the power supply side circuits constituted by the power supply side cables 51, 52. A two-contact type preparatory switch 71, 72 comprising a set of contacts and a contact interlocked with them is provided, and an alarm 70 which is activated when any of the preparatory switches 71, 72 is turned on is provided. is there.

According to this embodiment, one of the preparation switches 7
When 1 or 72 is turned on, the preparation switch 71
Alternatively, only the operation of the operation switch 48 or 49 corresponding to 72 becomes valid, and the operation of the other operation switch becomes invalid, so that erroneous operation can be more reliably prevented.

FIG. 10 shows another embodiment according to the present invention.
In a pole type crane in which the swing unit 6 and the upper swing body 4 are installed on the lower running body 77 running on the ground via the columnar support 5, the same side step 14 as described above is provided on the right side of the upper swing body 4. The ladder 16 is installed. According to the present embodiment, similarly to the above, by providing the operation switch 49 operable from the ground in addition to the operation switch 48 provided in the driver's cab, the same operation and effect can be obtained.

According to the present invention, other electric driving devices such as electric cylinders can be used as the driving device for raising and lowering the ladder, in addition to the electric winch. Operation switch 4
Instead of providing two each of the switches 8 and 49 and the preparation switches 68 and 69 as in the embodiment, one switch may be provided commonly for the operation on the barge and the operation on the upper revolving unit. Further, the present invention can be used for other construction machines such as an excavator equipped with a pole-shaped support having a similar lifting ladder and side steps, in addition to the mobile crane. Also, the present invention
The present invention can also be applied to a case where the ladder 16 is supported by the wire rope 33 of the electric winch 30 without using a support member such as the link 41.

[0039]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the preparation switch is turned on and the operation of the operation switch is enabled only when the ladder is raised and lowered, so that the preparation switch is turned off when it is unnecessary to raise and lower the ladder. Raising and lowering of the ladder due to erroneous operation of the operation switch can be prevented. Further, when the preparation switch is turned on, an alarm is activated to notify a worker or the like around the ladder, so that it is possible to prevent a person from approaching the ladder or the lower part of the ladder.
Further, since the preparation switch is turned on when the alarm is operating, it is possible to prevent forgetting to turn off the preparation switch.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the operation switch is provided on each of the locations that can be operated from the ground or the deck of the barge and on the upper revolving structure, the ladder can be easily raised and lowered at each location.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the operation switch is provided with the preparation switch, the operation switch and the preparation switch can be operated on the revolving superstructure or the like and on the ground or on the barge without moving. Operation of these switches becomes easy.

According to the fourth aspect, since the power supply circuits corresponding to the operation switches operated on the barge or from the ground and the operation switches on the upper revolving unit are provided with the preparation switches, respectively, The operation of only the operation switch to be performed can be made effective, and erroneous operation can be prevented more reliably.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1A is a configuration diagram showing an example of a ladder raising / lowering device in a ladder device of the present invention, FIG. 1B is an electric circuit diagram showing an embodiment of a ladder device according to the present invention, and FIG. It is a figure showing an example of the combination structure of the preparation switch and the operation switch in an example.

FIG. 2 is an electric circuit diagram showing another embodiment of the ladder device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the crane showing one embodiment of the ladder device according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing an overall configuration including a barge of a floating crane provided with the ladder device of the present embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a front view of the crane of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a side view of the ladder device of the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a plan view of FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along the line EE of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a side view of a crane showing another application example of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: barge, 2: navigation device, 3: crane, 4: upper revolving unit, 5: support base, 6: swivel device, 7: boom, 8: main winch, 9: auxiliary winch, 10: boom undulation Winch, 11: hydraulic power source, 12: operator's cab, 13: counterweight, 14, 14A to 14C, 15: side step, 16, 18: ladder, 17: unit, 20, 35,
40: vertical frame, 21: bracket, 24, 28, 29, 3
4, 38: horizontal frame, 27: mounting shaft, 30: electric winch, 31: housing, 33: wire rope, 36: bracket, 37-39: sheave, 41: link, 41
a: groove, 42, 43: pin, 44: upper limit switch, 45: lower limit switch, 46: hook, 4
7: Battery, 48, 49: Operation switch, 50: Control panel, 60: Timer relay, 62: Fuse or breaker, 64: Buffer material, 65: Spring, 66: Lock rod, 67: Lock release device, 68 , 69, 71, 7
2: ready switch, 70: alarm, 77: lower traveling body

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-6-55976 (JP, A) JP-A 63-126143 (JP, U) JP-A 5-61200 (JP, U) JP-A 2-61 43892 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Showa 60-72083 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B66C 13/00, 15/00

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A construction machine in which a support stand is installed on a barge or a lower traveling body, and an upper revolving body is installed on the support stand via a revolving device, and ascends and descends to a side step attached to the upper revolving body. A driving device for raising and lowering a ladder for driving, and an electric driving device, and a circuit of the electric driving device provided with an operation switch and a preparation switch for selecting whether to enable or disable the operation of the operation switch; A ladder device for a construction machine, comprising: an alarm that issues an alarm when the device is at a position where the operation of the operation switch is enabled. 2. A ladder device for a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the operation switch is installed on a location operable from the deck of a ground or a barge, and on an upper rotating body. 3. The ladder device for a construction machine according to claim 2, wherein the preparation switch is provided in each of two operation switches. 4. The operation according to claim 2, wherein the preparation switch is inserted into each of the power supply circuits of the two operation switches, and when one of the preparation switches is turned on, the operation of only the corresponding operation switch is valid. A ladder device for a construction machine, wherein