JPH09278365A - Ladder device for construction machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ladder device of such a structure that a compact device can be used as a driving device for putting up and down a ladder in a construction machine with the put-up/down type ladder and that the ladder is firmly supported without oscillation even in the case of a person going up and down along the ladder. SOLUTION: A ladder 16 for going up to and down from a side step 14A fitted to a revolving super structure of a construction machine is fitted rotatably around a fitting shaft 27 provided at a frame 24 fitted to the revolving super structure. A driving device such as an electric winch 30 for putting up and down the ladder 16 is provided between the frame 24 and the ladder 16. Separately from the driving device, a supporting member such as a link 41 for supporting the ladder 16 in the put-down state of the ladder 16 is provided between the ladder 16 and the frame 24.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for raising and lowering a ladder for lifting and lowering in a construction machine such as a floating crane or a pole type crane having side steps for walking on the left and right sides of an upper revolving structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a floating crane in which a crane is installed on a barge, an upper swing body is installed through a swing device.
Side steps are mounted on the left and right sides of the upper swing body.
These side steps are used by an operator to get on and off the driver's cab on the upper revolving superstructure, and for walking by a person at the time of maintenance and inspection of a front device such as a boom or a mounting device such as a winch or a hydraulic drive device.

Conventionally, in such a floating crane, the swivel device is conventionally set as low as possible. However, the space under the upper revolving structure can be effectively used as a storage space, and the lower space of the upper revolving structure can be walked. In order to secure a possible space, there is a demand to set the upper revolving superstructure relative to the deck of the barge as high as possible. In order to meet such demands, the upper swing body is installed at a high position, and a ladder for climbing to the side step on the upper swing body is attached to the upper swing body separately from the side steps. In addition, at least during the operation of the crane, in order to prevent the ladder from coming into contact with an object placed under the upper swing body during the swing of the upper swing body, it is possible to raise and lower the ladder so that the ladder is raised. preferable.

[0004]

If an electric winch is used as a drive device for raising and lowering such a ladder and the ladder is supported by a wire rope even when the ladder is lowered, an operator moves up and down along the ladder. When
There is a problem that the ladder sways up and down due to the extension of the wire rope, which causes instability when going up and down. In addition, since it is necessary to support the weight of the ladder and the weight of the person who moves up and down with the wire rope, there is a problem that a thick wire rope and a sheave with a large diameter are also required. Even when a fluid pressure cylinder such as a hydraulic cylinder is used as the drive device,
There is a problem that a large cylinder is required as the cylinder.

The present invention can use a small-sized drive device for raising and lowering the ladder in the construction machine having the above-mentioned raising and lowering ladder, and the ladder can be operated even when a person moves up and down along the ladder. An object of the present invention is to provide a ladder device having a structure in which the ladder is firmly supported without shaking.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a ladder which is mounted on an upper swing body of a construction machine and which moves up and down on a side step is mounted rotatably around an axis provided on a frame mounted on the upper swing body. At the same time, a drive device for raising and lowering the ladder between the storage position and the elevating position is provided between the frame and the ladder, and separately from the drive device, at the elevating position of the ladder between the ladder and the frame. The present invention is characterized in that a support member that supports the ladder and that bears a load that can act on the drive device is provided.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the drive device is an electric winch powered by a battery mounted on the upper swing body,
According to a third aspect of the present invention, when the electric winch is used, the upper limit switch is operated when the ladder is raised, and the lower limit switch is operated when the ladder is lowered, and the electric winch is moved downward for a predetermined time after the lower limit switch is operated. It is characterized by the provision of a timer.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, when the drive device is a hydraulic cylinder, and a fifth aspect of the present invention uses the hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic cylinder and the ladder are connected by a long hole provided on one side and a pin provided on the other side. It is a thing.

[0009]

According to the present invention, since the ladder is supported by the supporting members other than the driving device when the ladder is lowered, it is not necessary to support the weight of the ladder and the weight of a person depending on the driving device of the ladder. The drive device can be downsized. Further, by using a link or the like as the support member, it is firmly supported.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, after the ladder is lowered to the state where the ladder is supported by the support member, the ladder is supported by the support member by further unwinding the wire rope by the electric winch.

According to another aspect of the present invention, since the electric winch continues the lowering operation of the ladder for the set time of the timer after the lower limit switch is activated, the wire rope is loosened and the ladder is supported only by the supporting member. .

According to another aspect of the present invention, the hydraulic cylinder is used as the drive device, and when the ladder is lowered, the ladder is supported by the hydraulic cylinder or the mechanical structure so that the ladder is supported by the support member. Supported.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, after the hydraulic cylinder is operated to lower the ladder, the hydraulic cylinder is further operated in the lowering direction so that the pin moves along the elongated hole to support the ladder by the hydraulic cylinder. Is released.

[0014]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of a ladder device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part thereof, FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. 1, and FIG. E sectional view, FIG. 5 (A) is a configuration diagram of a ladder raising / lowering device of the present embodiment, FIG. 5 (B) is an electric circuit diagram thereof, and FIG. 6 is a floating crane carrier equipped with the ladder device of this embodiment. FIG. 7 is a right side view showing the entire configuration including the above, FIG. 7 is a side view of the crane, and FIG. 8 is a front view of the crane. In FIG. 6, 1 is a barge, 2 is a navigation device, 3
Is a crane. In order to secure a space of a height H at which a person can walk between the upper swing body 4 and the deck of the pedestal 1, the crane 3 is mounted on the post-shaped support pedestal 5 having the ribs 5 a on the pedestal 1 and the turning device 6 is provided. The upper swing body 4 is installed via the. A boom 7, a main winch 8, a supplementary winch 9, a boom hoisting winch 10, a hydraulic power unit 11, a cab 12, a counterweight 13, and the like are mounted on the upper swing body 4.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, side steps 14 and 15 are attached to the left and right of the upper swing body 4. The side step 14 on the right side (the side step 14 is drawn on the left side in the front view of FIG. 8) on the cab side is L1 and L in the present embodiment, respectively.
2 and L3 are configured by a combination of side steps 14A to 14C, the length of which is the central side step 14
A is configured as a unit 17 having a ladder 16. Similarly, the left side step 15 is also the ladder 1
Another side step is arranged side by side on at least one of the unit having 8 and its front and rear.

The unit 17 is a vertical frame 2 which constitutes the skeleton of the unit 17, as shown in the partially cutaway plan view of FIG.
Horizontal frames 24, 2 welded to the front end, rear end and middle part of 0
The brackets 21 are welded to the end portions of the Nos. 8 and 34, and as shown in FIG. Install.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a bearing 25 is fixed to the front surface of a horizontal frame 24 welded to the rear end of the vertical frame 20, and the upper end of the ladder 16 is rotatably attached to the bearing 25 by a mounting shaft 27. Install on.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, between the horizontal frame 28 at the front end of the unit 17 and the horizontal frame 29 adjacent to the horizontal frame 28, in order to raise and lower the ladder 16, the crane is swung upward. A housing 31 accommodating an electric winch 30 powered by a battery mounted on the body 4 is attached, and a lid 32 made of an iron plate is openably and closably attached to the upper surface of the housing 31 for maintenance and inspection. .

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5 (A), the ladder 16
In the device for raising and lowering, the sheave 37 attached to the bracket 36 provided on the lower surface of the intermediate vertical frame 35 of the unit 17 (see FIG. 3) so as to project the wire rope 33 wound and unwound by the electric winch 30, The ladder 16 is hung around the sheaves 38 and 39 attached to the left and right of the lower surface of the ladder 16, and the ends thereof are connected to the outer vertical frame 40.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a state in which the ladder 16 is lowered between one vertical frame (or both) of the ladder 16 and a bracket 36 provided on the intermediate vertical frame 35 of the unit 17 is shown. At 41, a link 41 as a supporting member for supporting the ladder 16 is attached. The link 41 has one end rotatably connected to the vertical frame of the ladder 16 by a pin 42,
On the other end side, when the ladder 16 is lowered, the link 4
The ladder 16 is supported by abutting the ends of the grooves 41a provided in the longitudinal direction 1 on the pins 43 fixed to the bracket 36.

Reference numeral 44 denotes an upper limit switch mounted on the lower surface of the intermediate vertical frame 35. When the electric winch 30 pulls up the ladder 16, the upper limit switch is pushed by the ladder 16 at the upper limit position of the ladder 16 to open the contacts. The operation of raising the electric winch 30 is stopped. Four
Reference numeral 5 denotes a lower limit switch mounted on the lower surface of the horizontal frame 24. When the ladder 16 is pushed by the ladder 16 at the lowered lower position as shown in FIG. 2, the ladder 16 is operated to open the contacts to lower the electric winch 30. It is to stop.

In the electric circuit diagram of FIG. 5B, 47 is a battery mounted on the upper swing body 4, 48 is an operation switch of the electric winch 30, and the electric winch 30 is composed of an electric motor 30a and a winch drum 30b. Become. 5
Reference numeral 0 is a control panel of the electric motor 30a, which is operated by the raising / lowering signal through the operation switch 48, the upper limit switch 44, and the lower limit switch 45.
0a is operated in the winding direction and the winding direction.

Power supply side cable 5 of the operation switch 48
1 is connected to a battery 47 via a cable 53 and a fuse or breaker 54. The operation switch 4
The winding upper contact a of No. 8 is connected to the upper limit switch 44 via the cable 55,
Is connected to the hoisting circuit of the control board 50. The lower contact b of the operation switch 48 is connected to the lower limit switch 45 via the cable 57, and the lower limit switch 4
5 is connected to the circuit on the lower side of the control board 50.

Reference numeral 60 denotes a timer relay, which is a contact 60a connected in parallel to the circuits of the lower limit switch 45 and the operation switch 48, and the circuit between the lower limit switch 45 and the control panel 50 and the ground. Coil 60x inserted in. The power cable 61 of the electric motor 30a is connected to the battery 47 via a fuse or a breaker 62.

As shown in FIG. 4, a cushioning material 64 such as rubber is attached to the horizontal frame 28 at the front end of the unit 17 to absorb the impact caused by the collision of the ladder 16 when the ladder 16 is lifted and floated. Further, the horizontal frame 38 has an unlocking device 6 including a locking rod 66 with a spring 65 for locking the ladder 16 when the ladder 16 is raised and a solenoid or the like.
7 is attached. The unlocking device 67 is shown in FIG.
As shown in (B), when the operation switches 48 and 49 are operated to the lower side, electricity is supplied and the locking rod 66 is retracted from the locked position of the ladder 16 to the non-locked position.

In this structure, as shown in FIG.
When the operation switch 48 is operated to the winding upper side (contact a side) from the lowered position where the wire is lowered and the electric winch 30 is driven to the winding upper side to wind up the wire rope 33, the ladder 16 is attached to the mounting shaft 2.
Rotate upwards about 7. At this time, as shown in FIG. 2, the groove 41a of the link 41 is pushed up while sliding on the pin 43 provided on the bracket 36, and finally becomes horizontal as shown by the chain double-dashed line. On the other hand, immediately before the tip of the ladder 16 reaches the upper limit, the locking rod 66 shown in FIG. 4 is pushed away against the spring 65, and when the ladder 16 exceeds the locking rod 66, the force of the spring 65 causes the locking rod 66 to move. Of the electric winch 30 at the same time that the ladder 16 is locked and the ladder 16 is set in the retracted position, the ladder 16 operates the upper limit switch 44 shown in FIG. 2 and turns off the upper limit switch 44 shown in FIG. 5B. To stop.

On the other hand, when the operation switch 48 is operated to the lower side (contact b side) from the state where the ladder 16 is stored in the storage position, the lock releasing device 67 is energized and the lock rod 66 is supplied.
Is retracted to the non-locking position and the electric winch 30 is rotated to the lower side. As a result, the ladder 16 rotates downward about the mounting shaft 27 by its own weight, and at the same time, the groove 41a of the link 41 is pulled down while sliding on the pin 43, and finally, as shown in FIG.
The end portion of the ladder comes into contact with the pin 43 to prevent the ladder 16 from further descending, so that a person can step through the ladder 16 to the side step 14
It will be in an up-and-down position where it can be raised and lowered.

Also, with the ladder 16 descending just before the lower limit position of the ladder 16, the lower limit switch 45
Is opened, but the contact 60a of the timer relay 60 remains closed for a set time even if the lower limit switch 45 is opened, so that the lowering operation of the electric winch 30 continues for a predetermined time, and the wire rope 33 is fed out. Wire rope 33
Is loosened by a fixed amount corresponding to the set time of the timer relay 60. As a result, the ladder 16 is supported only by the link 41, so that even if a person gets on the ladder 16 and moves up and down, the swing is reduced. Further, since the ladder 16 is supported by the link 41 which is a supporting member when the ladder 16 is lowered, it is not necessary to support the weight of the ladder and the weight of the person by the electric winch 30 (ladder raising / lowering device). Not only can the electric winch 30 be used, but the wire rope 33 need only support the weight of the ladder 16, so that the diameter can be reduced and the sheaves 37, 38, 39 used for this can also be reduced.

As shown in the two-dot chain lines in FIGS. 4 and 7 and in FIG. 8, a space for the ladder 16 is stored in the space under the side step 14 so that a special accommodation space is required. The ladder 16 can be stored without it. Also, ladder 1
6 is stored, the storage position of the ladder 16 is set so that the ladder 16 is above the support 5 on the fixed wheel side of the swivel device 6.
A sufficient movement space can be formed on the lower surface of 6. In particular, as in the present embodiment, by setting the position of the lower surface of the ladder 16 in the retracted state to be substantially higher than or equal to the lower surface of the upper swing body 4, the ladder 16 can pass through the lower space of the upper swing body 4 and store objects. It does not get in the way. It should be noted that instead of the timer relay 60 in the above embodiment, another delay operation timer composed of an electric circuit or the like can be used.

FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a hydraulic cylinder 70 is provided as a drive device for raising and lowering the ladder 16, one end of which is connected to the intermediate vertical frame 35 by a pin 71. , A pin 72 is attached to the other end, that is, the tip of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 70.
Is slidably fitted in a long hole 73a of a bracket 73 provided on the ladder 16.

In this embodiment, by contracting the hydraulic cylinder 70, the ladder 16 is contacted with the end of the long hole 73a of the bracket 73 on the hydraulic cylinder 70 side so that the ladder 16 is indicated by a chain double-dashed line. Then, the ladder 16 is pulled up until it becomes horizontal. When the hydraulic cylinder 70 is extended from this state, the ladder 16 rotates around the mounting shaft 27 due to its own weight and is lowered, and the pin 43 provided on the bracket 36 comes into contact with the end of the groove 41a of the link 41 so that the ladder 16
Is supported by the link 41, rotation of the ladder 16 is blocked, and when the hydraulic cylinder 70 is further extended, the pin 72 at the tip of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 70 moves along the long hole 73a of the bracket 73, Hydraulic cylinder 7
At the stroke end of 0, the pin 72 has the long hole 72
The ladder 16 is supported by only the link 41, and the weight of the ladder 16 is not applied to the hydraulic cylinder 70. In this way, the hydraulic cylinder 70 is connected to the ladder 1
Since the weight of the ladder 16 and the person are not carried only by raising and lowering 6, the hydraulic cylinder 70 can be small. Since the hydraulic cylinder 70 does not require the wire rope 33 and the sheaves 37 to 39 unlike the one using the electric winch 30, the device configuration can be made compact. In the embodiment of FIG. 9, a bracket having an elongated hole may be provided at the tip of the hydraulic cylinder 70, and a pin may be attached to the ladder 16 side. Further, extension of the hydraulic cylinder 70 raises the ladder 16 and contraction lowers the ladder 16. It may be configured.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the pin 72
The ladder 16 is configured to be supported by the link 41 in the ascending / descending position by a mechanical configuration including the long hole 73a and the lower limit switch 45 as shown in FIG. 2. When the lower limit switch 45 operates, By configuring the bottom chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 70 and the rod chamber to communicate with each other on the outside, the weight of the ladder 16 and a person may not be applied to the hydraulic cylinder 70 when the ladder 16 is moved up and down. However, as in the embodiment, the configuration of the pin 72 and the long hole 73a has an advantage of being simple and inexpensive to implement.

Further, the link 41 may be constructed as a bending type instead of the sliding type as in the embodiment,
A telescopic rod may be used.

FIGS. 10A and 10B show another embodiment of the present invention in which a wire rope 75 and a chain 76 are provided as supporting members for the ladder 16, respectively. When such a wire 75 and a chain 76 are used, either a hydraulic cylinder or an electric winch may be used as a drive device. In this case, since the wire rope 75 is short, even if a person gets on the ladder 16, the person does not loosen and does not shake.

FIG. 11 shows another embodiment according to the present invention,
In a pole type crane in which the swing unit 6 and the upper swing body 4 are installed on the lower running body 77 running on the ground via the columnar support 5, the same side step 14 as described above is provided on the right side of the upper swing body 4. The ladder 16 is installed. The same effects as the above can also be obtained by this embodiment. The present invention can be used not only for mobile cranes but also for other construction machines such as excavators having similar lifting ladders and side steps.

[0036]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the ladder that moves up and down on the side step attached to the upper swing body of the construction machine is attached so as to be rotatable about the shaft provided on the frame attached to the upper swing body. A drive device for raising and lowering the ladder between the storage position and the elevating position is provided between the frame and the ladder, and the ladder is supported between the ladder and the frame in the elevating position of the ladder separately from the drive device. In addition, since the supporting member for bearing the load that can act on the drive device is provided, the drive device for raising and lowering the ladder does not have to bear the weight of the ladder and the weight of a person,
As a result, the driving device can be made small and lightweight. Further, since the ladder and the weight are supported by the support member, it is possible to reduce the shaking when a person moves up and down the ladder.

In the second aspect, since the drive device is an electric winch that uses a battery mounted on the upper swing body as a power source, the ladder can be raised and lowered without operating the engine of the upper swing body.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an upper limit switch that operates when the ladder is raised and a lower limit switch that operates when the ladder descends, and a timer for operating the electric winch in the descending direction for a predetermined time after the lower limit switch is activated. Since it is provided, when lowering the ladder, the wire rope can be slackened with a constant slack amount set by the timer.

According to the present invention, since the drive device is a hydraulic cylinder, the drive device can be compactly constructed.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the hydraulic cylinder and the ladder are connected by a long hole provided on one side and a pin provided on the other side, so that the ladder is supported only by the support member in the lowered position of the ladder. Since it is realized, the drive device can be configured more easily and inexpensively.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of a ladder device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line EE of FIG.

5A is a configuration diagram of a ladder raising / lowering device according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 5B is an electric circuit diagram thereof.

FIG. 6 is a right side view showing the overall configuration including the pontoon of a floating crane equipped with the ladder device of the present embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the crane of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a front view of the crane of FIG.

FIG. 9 is a side view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

10 (A) and 10 (B) are side views showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a side view of a crane showing another application example of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: barge, 2: navigation device, 3: crane, 4: upper revolving unit, 5: support base, 6: swivel device, 7: boom, 8: main winch, 9: auxiliary winch, 10: boom undulation Winch, 11: hydraulic power source, 12: operator's cab, 13: counterweight, 14, 14A to 14C, 15: side step, 16, 18: ladder, 17: unit, 20, 35,
40: vertical frame, 21: bracket, 24, 28, 29: horizontal frame, 27: mounting shaft, 30: electric winch, 31: housing, 32: iron plate lid, 33: wire rope, 36:
Bracket, 37 to 39: sheave, 41: link, 41
a: groove, 42, 43: pin, 44: upper limit switch, 45: lower limit switch, 47: battery,
48: operation switch, 50: control panel, 60: timer relay, 62: fuse or breaker, 64: cushioning material, 6
5: Spring, 66: Locking rod, 67: Lock releasing device, 70: Hydraulic cylinder, 72: Pin, 73: Bracket, 73a: Long hole, 75: Wire rope, 76: Chain, 77: Lower traveling body

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A ladder mounted on an upper revolving structure of a construction machine to move up and down on a side step is rotatably mounted around a shaft provided on a frame mounted on the upper revolving structure, and between the frame and the ladder. A drive device for raising and lowering the ladder between a storage position and an elevating position, and separately from the drive device, supporting the ladder at the elevating position of the ladder between the ladder and the frame, A ladder device for a construction machine, comprising a supporting member for bearing a load that can act. 2. The ladder device for a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the drive device is an electric winch powered by a battery mounted on an upper swing body. 3. The upper limit switch that operates when the ladder is raised according to claim 2,
A ladder device for a construction machine, comprising: a lower limit switch that operates when descending, and a timer that operates the electric winch in a descending direction for a predetermined time after the lower limit switch operates. 4. The ladder device for a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the drive device is a hydraulic cylinder. 5. The ladder device for a construction machine according to claim 4, wherein the hydraulic cylinder and the ladder are connected by an elongated hole provided on one side and a pin provided on the other side.