JP3078746B2 - Air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air conditioner, in particular, a heat pump unit that uses outside air and / or return air as a heat source, and can flexibly respond to an air conditioning load requirement for each individual air conditioning space. Air conditioners.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, air-conditioning systems for office buildings and the like have been changed from a central system to an individual decentralized system in response to an increase in cooling load due to intelligent building functions and a demand for more comfortable office environments. It is changing. An air heat source type air conditioner as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 7-198161 is known as an air conditioner for such an individual distributed building air conditioning system.

The air heat source type air conditioner has a built-in heat pump circuit having a plurality of heat exchangers, an exhaust heat path having a gas-liquid contact heat exchanger, and a heat storage tank as required. The air-conditioning system is configured as a completely independent decentralized air-heat-source type air-conditioning system that uses only air having a volume equal to or less than the outside air taken in to maintain the indoor air quality in the air-conditioned room as a heat source.

With such a configuration, energy consumption is reduced by reducing heat transfer power, a high operation rate is realized by using inexpensive nighttime power, and the capacity of the heat source device and the capacity of the power equipment are further reduced. By doing so, it is possible to construct a system that is more advantageous in initial cost, running cost, and life cycle cost than conventional equipment. Further, according to the above configuration, the air conditioner has a thermal control function, and the supply of supply air at an appropriate temperature to various air conditioning zones by employing a plurality of heat exchangers. The required thermal environment in the individual air-conditioned space can be maintained well, so individual control according to each individual air-conditioned space is possible, and in tenant buildings, etc., clear charge sharing according to the usage situation is possible. It is possible and excellent in system maintenance, and despite various equipment conditions, omission of refrigerant pipes and heat source water pipes, reduction of construction work on site, simplification,
It is possible to standardize.

[0005]

However, there is a problem that the configuration of the air conditioning system is relatively complicated, and a relatively complicated control method must be employed. That is, in the above air conditioning system, the heat pump circuit is a multi-system, and a dedicated control device is required. Further, the heat storage tank coil is a direct expansion system, so that the amount of refrigerant charged is increased. The air conditioner coil has a problem that the direct expansion type heat exchanger and the water heat exchanger are arranged in series, and the control is duplicated. Therefore, there is a technical requirement to achieve the same or higher effect by a simpler configuration and control method. The present invention has been made in view of such technical grounds,
With a relatively simple configuration, it is possible to flexibly respond to the various air conditioning demands required in each individual air conditioning space, and it is advantageous in terms of initial costs, running costs, and life cycle costs. It is an object of the present invention to provide a new and improved air heat source type air conditioning system capable of achieving standardization of equipment arrangement.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an air conditioner having a built-in heat pump unit that uses outside air and / or return air as a heat source. Outside air intake (OA)
A return air port (RA) for taking in return air from the room, an exhaust port (EA) for exhausting to the outside, an air supply port (SA) for supplying air to the air-conditioned space; A gas-liquid contact type first heat exchanger (EX1) for exchanging heat with a heat medium and a first heat exchanger
A second heat exchanger (EX) for exchanging heat between the heat medium and the second heat medium
2) a first heat medium circulation path which is at least composed of a compressor (COM) and an expansion valve (EV), and is capable of switching the circulation direction of the first heat medium by a switching valve means (QV); A third heat exchanger (E) for exchanging heat between air and the second heat medium
X3), the second heat exchanger (EX2) and the circulation pump (P1)
And a second heat medium circulation path comprising at least:
In the cabin, the third heat exchanger (EX)
3) through the first air flow path (AF) to the air supply port (SA).
1) and the third heat exchanger (E) communicating with the outside air intake (OA).
X3) The second air flow path (AF2), which merges with the first air flow path (AF1) upstream of the third air flow path (AF2), communicates with the outside air intake port (OA) and / or the return air port (RA). A third air flow path (AF3) is formed, which divides the flow without passing through the heat exchanger (EX3) and communicates with the exhaust port (EA) through the first heat exchanger (EX1). Things are provided.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, an air conditioner incorporating a heat pump unit using external air and / or return air as a heat source so as to flexibly cope with simultaneous cooling and heating loads: An outside air intake (OA) for taking in outside air, a return air opening (RA) for taking in return air from indoors, and an exhaust opening (EA) for exhausting outdoors;
A first air supply port (SA1) for supplying air to a space to be air-conditioned,
Second air supply port (SA2) for supplying air to the second air-conditioned space
A gas-liquid contact type first heat exchanger (EX1) that performs heat exchange between the exhaust air and the first heat medium, and a second heat exchange that performs heat exchange between the first heat medium and the second heat medium (EX2) and compressor (CO
M) and an expansion valve (EV), and a first heat medium circulating path capable of switching a circulation direction of the first heat medium by a switching valve means (QV); A third heat exchanger (EX3) for exchanging heat between the second heat exchanger (EX3), a second heat exchanger (EX2), and a circulation pump (P1). A first air flow path (AF1) from the return air port (RA) to the first air supply port (SA1) via the third heat exchanger (EX3), and an outside air inlet (OA); A second air flow path (AF2) that merges with the first air flow path (AF1) upstream of the heat exchanger (EX3), and the outside air intake (OA) and / or
Alternatively, the third heat exchanger (EX) communicates with the return air port (RA).
3) a third air flow path (AF3) that diverges without passing through the first heat exchanger and communicates with the exhaust port, an outside air inlet (OA), and a second air supply port (SA2). A fourth air flow path (AF4) that communicates with the first air flow path, a fifth air flow path (AF5) that communicates with the return air port (RA) and the second air supply port (SA2),
A sixth air flow path (AF6) communicating with the first air supply port (SA1) and the second air supply port (SA2) is formed; the amount of air flowing through the fourth air flow path (AF4), and / or Damper means (D1, D2, D3) for adjusting the amount of air flowing through the fifth air flow path (AF6) and / or the amount of air flowing through the sixth air flow path (AF6);
1, D2, D3) to supply a desired amount of outside air and / or a desired amount of return air and / or a desired amount of air that has passed through the third heat exchanger (EX3) to the second supply port (SA2). Provided is configured to send to

In the air conditioner configured based on the first and second aspects, a heat storage tank (HB) is installed,
A heat exchange coil (EX4) connected in series with the third heat exchanger (EX3) in the second heat medium circulation path in the heat storage tank (HB).
May be adopted.

Further, the circulating amounts of the second heat medium in the third heat exchanger (EX3) and the heat exchange coil (EX4) of the air conditioner can be adjusted individually and independently. EX4) can cope with more various loads if it is configured to be selectively detourable.

In the second heat medium circulation path of the air conditioner, a second heat exchanger (EX2) and a heat exchange coil (EX4) are sequentially connected in series downstream of the third heat exchanger (EX3). By doing so, a system with a higher coefficient of performance can be constructed.

If necessary, a heating means (H1) for heating the heat storage water in the heat storage tank (HB) may be provided,
Heating means (H) for radiating heat to the second heat medium circulating in the heat medium circulation path
2) Alternatively, a heating means (H3) for heating the exhaust air flowing through the third air flow path (AF3) may be provided.

[0012]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG.
Preferred embodiments of an air heat source type air conditioner configured based on the present invention will be described in detail. In the following description, components having the same functional configuration will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.

First, a first embodiment of an air heat source type air conditioner according to the present invention and a modification thereof will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows a basic configuration of an air heat source type air conditioner having one air supply port SA. As shown in the figure, components such as a heat pump circuit constituting the air heat source type air conditioner are housed in a casing C having a predetermined shape selected according to an installation location. Further, the casing C has an outside air intake OA for taking in outside air, a return air opening RA for taking in return air from the room, an exhaust port EA for exhausting to the outside, and an air supply for supplying air to the air-conditioned space. Mouth SA is provided,
Casing C via a supply / exhaust facility such as a predetermined duct
It is possible to supply and exhaust predetermined air from an air flow path described later formed therein.

In the casing C, there is provided a first heat medium circulation circuit (a heat pump circuit using a heat medium utilizing a gas-liquid phase change such as a CFC-based refrigerant or ammonia) constituting a heat pump circuit. Circuit ") and a second heat medium circulation path for forming conditioned air (a circuit using water or antifreeze as a heat medium, and may hereinafter be referred to as" brine circuit "). A spray water circulation path for supplying spray water to a gas-liquid contact type first heat exchanger EX1 described later (a circuit for cooling the first heat exchanger EX1 when it acts as a condenser. Cooling water circuit ''
It may be called. ) Is formed.

First, the first heat medium circulation path (refrigerant circuit) constituting the heat pump circuit will be described. The first heat medium circulation path is a first gas-liquid contact type heat exchange circuit that exchanges heat with exhaust air.
The heat exchanger EX1, the compressor COM, the four-way valve QV, and the second heat exchanger E for performing heat exchange between the first heat medium and the second heat medium.
X2, the first expansion valve EV1, the second expansion valve EV2, and the liquid separator AC are connected by a pipe, and by switching the four-way valve QV, a predetermined refrigerant is circulated in a predetermined direction to circulate a predetermined refrigerant. It constitutes a heat pump circuit. The mechanical first expansion valve EV1 and the second expansion valve EV2 are provided with bypass paths in which the check valves V1 and V2 are inserted, and the expansion valves through which the refrigerant passes according to the circulation direction of the refrigerant. It is possible to choose. With this configuration, the first
During the heating operation, the heating medium circulation path switches the four-way valve QV to transfer the refrigerant from the compressor COM → the four-way valve QV → the second heat exchanger (condenser) EX2 → the check valve 1 → the second expansion valve EV2 → First heat exchanger (evaporator) EX1 → four-way valve QV
By sequentially circulating the liquid separator AC and the compressor COM, it is possible to supply heat to a brine circuit described later. On the other hand, during the cooling operation, the refrigerant is changed from the compressor COM to the four-way valve Q by switching the four-way valve QV.
V → first heat exchanger (condenser) EX1 → check valve 2 → first expansion valve EV1 → second heat exchanger (evaporator) EX2 → four-way valve QV → liquid separator AC → compressor COM Thereby, cold heat can be supplied to a brine circuit described later.

Next, the second heat medium circulation path (brine circuit) will be described. The second heat medium circulation path is connected to a second heat exchanger EX2 that exchanges heat with the first heat medium (refrigerant). , A third heat exchanger EX3 that performs heat exchange between air and a second heat medium (brine), and a pump P1. And
Depending on the operation mode of the heat pump circuit, the second heat exchanger EX2 obtains hot or cold heat, and the third heat exchanger EX3 heats or cools the supply air.
Optimal temperature control can be performed.

Next, the configuration of the spray water circulation path (cooling water circuit) and the gas-liquid contact type first heat exchanger EX1 will be described. The spray water circulation path is composed of a water spray pipe SP and a cooling water tank (lower part) for storing water spray. (Water tank) WB, pump P2, piping for circulating cooling water, a strainer (not shown) attached to the piping, an eliminator for reducing the scattering of the spray water, and an amount of the spray water that has been scattered and evaporated. It has a water supply pipe to supplement the water. The first heat exchanger EX1 is, for example, an evaporative condenser. By spraying water from the water spray pipe SP to the first heat exchanger EX1, the first heat exchanger EX1 deprives the heat exchanger of latent heat of evaporation and exhausts generated steam into exhaust air. To achieve high-density heat transfer. The sprinkled cooling water is in the cooling water tank WB
, The water is pumped up by the cooling water circulation pump P2, and is again sprayed from the water sprinkling pipe SP to the first heat exchanger EX1. Of course, if sufficient heat exchange is performed without spraying the cooling water, there is no need to operate the spray water circulation path.

Next, the air flow path formed in the casing C will be described. In the air conditioner according to the present embodiment, three air flow paths AF1, A
F2 and AF3 are formed. The first air flow path AF1 is an air flow path connecting the return air port RA and the air supply port SA.
A filter F2 for removing dust in the air and a damper RD for adjusting the amount of air are interposed. The second air flow path AF2 is an air flow path connecting the outside air intake OA and the first air flow path AF1, and includes a filter F1 for removing dust in the air and a damper for adjusting the amount of air. O
D is interposed. Further, the third air flow path AF3 is
This is an air flow path connecting the exhaust port EA and the first air / air flow path AF1. However, the third air flow path AF3 is located closer to the return air opening RA than the second air flow path AF2 for introducing outside air. It communicates with the first air flow path AF1. And the exhaust port EA
Near the exhaust fan EF, near the air inlet SA,
An air supply fan SF is provided.

Next, the operation of the air conditioner configured as described above will be briefly described.
The air taken in from A and supplied to the air-conditioned space from the air supply port SA is taken into the casing C from the return air port RA. Then, according to the present air conditioner, by driving the exhaust fan EF, a part of the return air is sent to the gas-liquid contact type first heat exchanger EX1 via the third air flow path AF3, where it is sent. Heat is exchanged with the first heat medium (refrigerant). And
By driving the first heat medium circuit (refrigerant circuit) in a predetermined mode (heating mode or cooling mode), hot or cold heat is supplied to the second heat medium circuit (brine circuit),
The outside air and / or return air flowing through the first air flow path AF1 is heated or cooled to a desired temperature by the third heat exchanger EX3 and supplied to the air-conditioned space. As described above, since the heat pump mechanism of the present air conditioner uses the exhaust air substantially equal to or less than the intake air volume as a heat source, the heat pump mechanism extracts the air equal to or greater than the intake air volume to maintain the indoor air quality in the air-conditioned room. Do not use as Therefore, it is possible to construct a completely independent decentralized air heat source type air conditioner that apparently does not require a heat source. Further, since the heat medium circulating path is configured for each of the heat source and the air conditioning, for example, restrictions on the arrangement of the second heat exchanger EX2 are relaxed, and the degree of freedom of the device configuration is increased. Further, since the first and second heat medium circulating devices can independently control the number of rotations of the pump, the responsiveness and the energy saving, etc. are optimized from various operation modes by making full use of a known control method. Operation modes can be selected.

FIG. 2 shows a first modification of the air conditioner shown in FIG. The basic configuration of the air conditioner shown in FIG. 2 is substantially the same as that of the air conditioner shown in FIG.
The air conditioner shown in FIG. 2 includes a heat storage tank HB, and in the heat storage tank HB, a third heat exchanger EX of a second heat medium circulation path is provided.
3, a heat exchange coil EX4 that is connected in series. Heat storage tank coil, for example, when performing ice heat storage,
It is convenient to adopt an internal melting type in which ice accumulates around the outer side of the coil and the ice is indirectly exchanged with the fluid flowing inside the coil. This is because the water in the tank becomes only natural convection, and the tank structure becomes simple. Further, by connecting the heat exchangers in series, the configuration is simplified as compared with the arrangement of the heat exchangers disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-198161. Valves V3 to V6 are interposed in the second heat medium circulation path, and a desired circulation path can be formed by appropriately opening and closing these valves V3 to V6. That is, when heat is stored in the heat storage tank HB using inexpensive power at night, the valves V3 and V6 are closed, the valves V4 and V5 are opened, and the heat exchange with the second heat exchanger EX2 is performed. The exchange coil EX4 is connected in series. On the other hand, when recovering the heat stored in the heat storage tank HB, the valves V4 and V6 are closed and the valves V3 and V5 are opened, so that the second heat medium is transferred to the heat exchange coil EX4. → The second heat exchanger EX2 → the third heat exchanger EX3 are sequentially circulated. As described above, according to the configuration illustrated in FIG. 2, the heat stored in the heat storage tank HB can be recovered (taken out). In addition, the compressor COM is operated to recover (extract) heat stored in the heat storage tank HB while cooling or heating the second heat medium in the second heat exchanger EX2.
In this case, the excess heat generated by the heat pump circuit can be stored in the heat storage tank, and the compressor C
The operation can be performed without performing the OM capacity control operation. When there is no heat stored in the heat storage tank HB,
Alternatively, when it is not necessary to take out heat, the valve V4,
By closing V5 and opening the valves V3 and V6, it is possible to bypass the heat exchanger coil EX4 of the heat storage tank HB and perform the same operation as the configuration shown in FIG. In the illustrated example, the heat storage tank HB is installed inside the casing C, but the heat storage tank HB and the heat exchange coil EX4
Does not necessarily need to be installed integrally with the other heat exchanger groups. For example, a configuration is adopted in which a heat storage tank HB is installed adjacent to the air conditioner shown in FIG. 1 and connected by an appropriate pipeline. You may. In addition, if the apparatus is provided with only the first and second heat medium circulating passages and a pipe outlet (tapping) for utilizing the heat storage water, the heat storage tank HB
This will increase the degree of freedom in the installation position of the existing building, or make it possible to use the existing water tank for the cooling work of the existing building.

FIG. 3 shows a partially modified example of the air conditioner shown in FIG. The difference between the air conditioner shown in FIG. 3 and the air conditioner shown in FIG. 2 is the direction in which the brine circulates in the second heat medium circulation path (brine circuit). of course,
As shown in FIG. 2, the brine is supplied to the pump P1 → the second heat exchanger EX2 → the third heat exchanger EX3 → the heat exchange coil EX4.
The excellent effect of the present invention can be obtained even if the pump is circulated sequentially with the pump P1, but as shown in FIG. 3, the brine is transferred from the pump P1 to the heat exchange coil EX4 to the third heat exchanger E.
If it is configured to circulate sequentially from X3 → second heat exchanger EX2 → pump P1, more efficient operation can be performed. That is, according to such a configuration, the evaporating temperature or the condensing temperature of the first heat medium is controlled by the second heat exchanger EX3 outlet.
The temperature becomes close to the heat medium temperature, that is, the return air temperature, and the coefficient of performance of the first heat medium circuit can be increased. The pump P
1 can be provided between the third heat exchanger EX3 and the second heat exchanger EX2. With this configuration,
During the cooling operation, the second heat medium, which has become high in temperature by absorbing the heat generated by the pump, is supplied to the second heat exchanger, thereby enabling efficient operation.

FIG. 4 shows a modification in which some heating devices H1 to H3 are added to the configuration of the air conditioner shown in FIG. That is, in this modified example,
A heater H1 for heating the heat storage tank water is provided in the heat storage tank HB, and a heater H2 for heating the brine is provided in the middle of the second heat medium circulation path. A heater H3 for heating the exhaust air for the heat source is installed in the three air flow path AF3. With such a configuration, for example, when sufficient heat cannot be ensured in winter or the like, a predetermined medium can be heated by the heaters H1 to H3, and the operating efficiency of the air conditioner can be increased. In particular, during the heating operation in winter, the heater H3
Since it is necessary to use the heat exchanger as an evaporator, the spraying of spray water (gas-liquid contact function) is stopped, and refrigerant vaporization, which tends to be insufficient even with exhaust from outside air or, in some cases, temperature-controlled indoors, is performed. To supplement the heat.

Next, several operation modes of the air conditioner with a heat storage tank according to FIGS. 2 to 4 will be briefly described.

(Cold Storage Mode) When cold heat is stored in the heat storage tank HB as ice or cold water, the second heat exchanger EX2 is used as an evaporator and the first
The heat exchanger EX1 is configured as a condenser to radiate heat to the air flowing through the third air flow path AF3. At this time, by circulating the cooling water and spraying the cooling water to the first heat exchanger EX1, the amount of heat radiation to the air can be increased.
Then, in the second heat medium circulation path, the second heat exchanger EX2
Receives the cold heat from the first heat medium circulation path, and stores the cold heat as ice or cold water in the heat storage tank via the heat exchange coil EX4.

(Hot water heat storage mode) When storing heat as hot water in the heat storage tank HB, the first heat exchanger EX1 is used as an evaporator in the first heat medium circulation path, and the third air flow path A is used.
F3 is allowed to cool to the flowing air and the second heat exchanger E
X2 is configured as a condenser to radiate heat to the second heat medium. At this time, by operating the heater H3 provided in the third air flow path AF3 as in the apparatus shown in FIG. 4, it is possible to stably increase the cooling to air. Then, in the second heat medium circulation path, the second heat exchanger E
By receiving the heat from the first heat medium circulation path by X2, the heat can be stored in the heat storage tank HB as hot water. At this time, the heater H2 arranged at an arbitrary position in the second heat medium circulation path is operated as in the apparatus shown in FIG.
It is also possible to increase the amount of heat storage by increasing the amount of heat absorbed by the second heat medium, or by operating the heater H1 arranged in the heat storage tank to further heat the heat storage tank water.

(Cooling operation mode) When a cooling load is required in the space to be air-conditioned, in the second heat medium circulation path, the cold storage heat is released from the heat storage tank HB to the second heat medium, and the third heat exchange is performed. The air flowing through the first air flow path AF1 via the device EX3 is cooled. In addition, if necessary, the heat pump circuit is operated, and the second heat exchanger EX is transferred from the first heat medium to the second heat medium.
The cold can also be released via 2. At this time,
By operating the spray water circulation path and spraying the cooling water to the first heat exchanger EX1, the amount of heat radiation to the air may be increased.

(Heating Operation Mode) When a heating load is required in the space to be air-conditioned, the heat storage heat is released from the heat storage tank HB to the second heat medium in the second heat medium circulation path, and the third heat exchange is performed. The air flowing through the first air flow path AF1 is heated via the heater EX3. If necessary, the heat pump cycle may be operated to release heat from the first heat medium to the second heat medium via the second heat exchanger EX2. At this time, the amount of heat obtained from the air can be increased by operating the heater H3 of the third air flow path AF3 as in the apparatus shown in FIG. Further, the heater H2 arranged at an arbitrary position in the second heat medium circulation path is operated to increase the amount of heat released to the second heat medium, and further, the heater H1 arranged in the heat storage tank is operated, The amount of heating of the air flowing through the first air flow path AF1 can be increased by, for example, further heating the heat storage tank water.

Next, a second embodiment of the air heat source type air conditioner according to the present invention and a modification thereof will be described with reference to FIGS. The air conditioner according to the second embodiment can cope with a case where different heat loads are required on the interior side and the perimeter side, for example, so that the first air supply port SA1 and the second air supply port SA2 can be accommodated.
Except that the air flow path was changed accordingly.
It has the same configuration as the air conditioner according to the first embodiment described with reference to FIGS. In particular, the configurations of the first heat medium circulation path, the second heat medium circulation path, and the spray water circulation path are the same because the air conditioners according to the first and second embodiments have exactly the same configuration. The duplicate description is omitted by attaching the reference numerals. 1 is shown in FIG. 5, the configuration of FIG. 2 is shown in FIG. 6, and the configuration of FIG.
FIG. 4 corresponds to FIG.

In the air conditioner shown in FIGS.
Similar to the air conditioner shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, three air flow paths AF1, AF2, and AF3 are formed in the casing C. The first air flow path AF1 is an air flow path connecting the return air port RA and the first air supply port SA1, and includes a filter F2 for removing dust in the air and a damper for adjusting the amount of air. RD is inserted. The second air flow path AF2 is
This is an air flow path connecting the outside air intake OA and the first air flow path AF1, and includes a filter F1 for removing dust in the air and a damper OD for adjusting the amount of air. Further, the third air flow path AF3 is an air flow path branched from the first air / air flow path AF1 and reaching the exhaust port EA.
However, the third air flow path AF3 is located at a position closer to the return air port RA than the second air flow path AF2 for introducing outside air.
It communicates with the air flow path AF1. In the present embodiment, in addition to these three air flow paths AF1, AF2, and AF3, fourth to sixth air flow paths AF4 to AF6 are further formed. The fourth air flow path AF4 is connected to the second air supply port SA2.
And the second air flow path AF2.
A damper D1 for adjusting the amount of introduced air is inserted. The fifth air flow path AF5 communicates the first air flow path AF1 and the fourth air flow path AF4 on the upstream side of the third heat exchanger EX3, and a damper for adjusting the amount of introduced air on the way. D2 is interposed. Further, the sixth air flow path AF
6 is a first air flow path AF downstream of the third heat exchanger EX3.
The first and fourth air flow paths AF4 are communicated with each other, and a damper D3 for adjusting the amount of introduced air is interposed on the way. The first and second air supply fans SF1, S2 are located near the first and second air supply ports SA1, SA2, respectively.
F2 is provided. According to the air conditioning load on the interior side, the fourth air flow path is used for outdoor air cooling in winter or an intermediate period, and the fifth air flow path is used for ventilation operation in winter. The sixth air flow path is a flow path for guiding the air temperature-controlled by the third heat exchanger EX3.

With this configuration, by operating the dampers D1 to D3, the first air supply port (perimeter side air supply port) is provided.
SA1 and second air supply port (air supply port on interior side) SA2
In, even if different heat loads are required,
By mixing the outside air, the return air, and the air conditioned by the third heat exchanger as desired and supplying it to the second air supply port, it is possible to respond flexibly. For example, dampers D1, D2
Is open, it is possible to directly introduce outside air or return air to the second air supply port SA2. Also, open the damper D3,
If the dampers D1 and D2 are closed, it is possible to cope with the case where the same type of load is required at the first and second air supply ports SA1 and SA2, and if the damper D3 is closed, Conditioned air can be supplied only to one air supply port SA1. The operation of these air flow paths and the dampers provided in the flow paths will be described below. If the interior zone is entirely covered by outside air cooling, open damper D1 and
2. Close D3. Thus, the outside air is guided by the blower SF2 via the fourth air flow path AF4. When the same kind of air is supplied to the interior zone as that supplied to the perimeter zone, only the damper D3 is opened, and the dampers D1 and D2 are opened.
Is closed.

Hereinafter, several operation modes of the air conditioner with the heat storage tank HB shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 will be briefly described. (Cold heat storage, cooling / cooling operation) Cold heat is stored,
When a cooling load is required at the first and second air supply ports SA1 and SA2, the circulating water circuit is operated and the first heat exchanger EX1 is operated as a condenser. Further, in the second heat medium circulation path, cold heat is extracted from the heat storage tank HB. At this time, the flow rate from the fourth heat exchanger EX4 is determined based on various parameters such as the difference between the cooling capacity of the compressor COMP operating at rated operation and the indoor cooling load, the residual heat amount of the heat storage tank, and the like. V6 is automatically controlled, and the amount of bypass liquid passing through valves V4 and V6 is determined. Then, the damper D3 is opened, the dampers D1 and D2 are closed, and the air cooled by the third heat exchanger EX3 is discharged to the first heat exchanger EX3.
And supply to the second air supply ports SA1 and SA2. Typically, it is a daytime operation mode in summer.

(Heat Heat Storage, Cooling / Cooling Operation) Heat is stored and the first and second air supply ports SA1, SA2
In the case where a cooling load is required in the above, the point that the first heat medium circulation path is operated to cool the second heat medium is the same as described above, but the valves V3 to V6 are operated to bypass the heat storage tank HB. . That is, V5 is closed, V6 is fully opened, and the opening degree is controlled according to the required load on V3 and V4. To the perimeter zone, while supplying cool air whose temperature is controlled from the first air supply port SA1, the damper D3 is opened, D1 and D2 are closed, and cool air whose temperature is controlled is supplied to both the perimeter zone and the interior zone. Typically, it is driving during the daytime in winter.

(Cold heat storage, cooling / heating operation) When cold heat is stored and a cooling / heating load is required at the same time, the valves V3 to V6 are operated as described above to bypass the heat storage tank HB. Then, the second heat medium is heated by the operation of the first heat medium circulation path. The third heat exchanger EX3 supplies warm air to the first air supply port SA1, and introduces outside air to the second air supply port SA2 via the fourth air flow path AF4 to save energy. Can cope with the cooling load. Typically, office buildings equipped with a large number of OA devices, large-scale stores that generate a large amount of heat from the human body by attracting customers, and buildings with a high internal load, such as during the interim period, when the outdoor load fluctuates greatly. Operation mode.

(Heat Heat Storage, Cooling / Heating Operation) When heat is stored and a cooling / heating load is required at the same time, the first heat medium circulation path is operated to heat the second heat medium. In this case, the spray water is not circulated, and the first heat exchanger EX1 acting as an evaporator is heated by the heat of the air exhaust and possibly the heat of the heater H3. Then, heat is taken out from the heat storage tank HB. At this time, the opening of the valves V3 to V6 is controlled so as to compensate for the heating capacity of the first heat medium circulation path. If the valves V3 and V5 are not fully open even when fully opened, the heater H2 is operated. And the third heat exchanger EX
By supplying warm air through the first air supply port SA1 to the first air supply port SA1 and introducing outside air to the second air supply port SA2 as described above, it is possible to cope with a cooling load. Typically, this is a general operation mode in winter and intermediate periods in a building having a large internal load as described above.

(Cold heat storage, heating / heating operation) When cold heat is stored and a heating load is required at both the first and second air supply ports SA1 and SA2, the valves V3 to V6 are connected to the valves V3 to V6. Thus, the second heat medium is heated by operating the first heat medium circulation path, bypassing the heat storage tank HB.
Then, the air heated via the third heat exchanger EX3 is supplied to the first and second air supply ports SA1 and SA2 to correspond to the heating load.

(Heat Heat Storage, Heating / Heating Operation) Heat is stored and the first and second air supply ports SA1, SA2
In the case where a heating load is required in the second heat medium circulation path, the valves V3 to V6 are controlled so as to cover the heat quantity required of each zone of the perimeter and the interior, and heat is taken out from the heat storage tank HB. Then, the air heated via the third heat exchanger EX3 is supplied to the first and second air supply ports SA1, SA2. Typically, it is an operation mode such as early morning in winter.

As indicated in the above description, when the heating devices (heaters) H1 to H3 are provided as shown in FIG. 8, it is understood that the heating capacity of the heat pump becomes insufficient with respect to the cooling capacity. This can be supplemented, and various types of heat can be used without being limited to the above-described range. In addition, in the case of the device configuration shown in FIG. 5, since the heat storage tank HB is not connected, heating or cooling is performed only by operating the first heat medium circulation path without recovering cold or warm heat from the heat storage tank HB. When a simultaneous cooling and heating load is required in response to a load or a cooling load, it can be handled by introducing outside air. Further, according to the device configuration shown in FIG. 7, as described with reference to FIG. 3, the coefficient of performance of the first heat medium circulation path can be increased.

FIG. 9 shows a specific example of the arrangement of pneumatic components of the apparatus according to the present invention. The blower SF1 for the perimeter is housed in the fan chamber SF1 ', and the blower SF2 for the interior is housed in the fan chamber SF2'. Intake air and return air are fan chamber SF
It is taken in for temperature control via the connecting casing CASE connected to 1 '. The damper D3 is for taking the temperature-controlled air into the fan chamber SF2 '.
It is provided in a partition in the equipment casing. The damper D1 capable of supporting outside air cooling is configured so that the side of the fan chamber SF2 'is opened during outside air cooling. To take the return air into the fan chamber SF2 ', the damper D2 is similarly opened so that the fan chamber SF2' opens. FIGS. 1 to 8 each use two mechanical expansion valves, so that two expansion valves are provided.
In FIG. 9, one expansion valve EV is adopted by adopting an electronic system. In addition, the code | symbol S shows a strainer and T shows a ball tap.

In the above description, the embodiment using the indoor return air as a heat source has been described. However, the present invention can also be implemented using outside air as a heat source. That is, in a zone where a large number of OA devices are installed, a store such as a department store, a computer center, and the like, for example, in the case of cooling, the temperature of outside air is lower than that of return air. In that case, it is preferable to cool the condenser by spraying water on the lower temperature outside air. At that time, a branch flow path can be taken out from the air flow path from the outside air intake to the third heat exchanger and introduced into the first heat exchanger EX1. This branch flow path may be upstream or downstream of the junction of the outside air and the return air.

Although some embodiments of the air conditioner according to the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to such examples. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made within the scope of the technical concept described in the claims. It is understood that it belongs to. For example, regarding the damper, a three-way damper may be provided at each junction and branch point regardless of the position shown in the figure.

[0041]

As described above, according to the present invention,
By employing the second heat medium circulation path, the device configuration and control of the first heat medium circulation path are simplified. For example, JP-A-7-1
In the conventional apparatus described in Japanese Patent No. 98161, a plurality of condensers are required for the evaporator, but only one condenser is required, and the heat pump circuit is simplified. Heat storage tank H
The heat exchanger EX4 in B is of the second heat medium type, and the amount of the first heat medium enclosed is reduced. Furthermore, the air conditioner coil for exchanging heat with the supply air has one heat exchanger EX3, so that the device configuration and control are simplified.

In some cases, the heat storage tank functions as a thermal buffer for absorbing the difference between the air conditioning load and the cooling / heating capacity of the first heat medium circulation path, which simplifies the device configuration and control. As described above, according to the present invention, the configuration of the first heat medium circulation path of the air conditioner is simplified, the secondary side control (room temperature control, supply air temperature control) is facilitated, and the second heat exchange is performed. The degree of freedom of the device configuration is increased, for example, there is no control over the arrangement of the device EX2.

With such a relatively simple configuration, it is possible to flexibly respond to various air conditioning requirements required in each individual air conditioning space, which is advantageous in terms of initial cost, running cost, and life cycle cost. Further, a new and improved air heat source type air conditioner capable of achieving standardization of equipment construction and equipment arrangement in a building is provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram illustrating a basic configuration of an air conditioner according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing a basic configuration of a modification in which a heat storage tank is further provided in the air conditioner shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing a basic configuration of a modification in which the circulation direction of a second heat medium circulation path of the air conditioner shown in FIG. 2 is limited.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing a basic configuration of a modification in which a heating device is further provided in the air conditioner shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram illustrating a basic configuration of an air conditioner according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a configuration diagram showing a basic configuration of a modification in which a heat storage tank is further provided in the air conditioner shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing a basic configuration of a modification in which the circulation direction of a second heat medium circulation path of the air conditioner shown in FIG. 6 is limited.

8 is a configuration diagram showing a basic configuration of a modification in which a heating device is further provided in the air conditioner shown in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram showing an example of arrangement of components of the device according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 C Casing EX1 First heat exchanger EX2 Second heat exchanger EX3 Third heat exchanger COM Compressor EV1, EV2 Expansion valve P1, P2 Circulation pump EF Exhaust fan SF Air supply fan OD Damper for outside air intake RD For return air Damper AF1 First air flow path AF2 Second air flow path AF3 Third air flow path

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Masakazu Fujimoto 11-1 Haneda Asahimachi, Ota-ku, Tokyo Inside Ebara Corporation (72) Inventor Hitoshi Saito 111-1 Haneda Asahimachi, Ota-ku, Tokyo Shares (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F24F 3/147

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. An air conditioner incorporating a heat pump unit that uses outside air and / or return air as a heat source: an outside air intake for taking in outside air, a return air opening for taking in return air from a room, and exhausting outside. An exhaust port, an air supply port for supplying air to the space to be air-conditioned, a gas-liquid contact type first heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the exhaust air and the first heat medium, the first heat medium, and the second heat medium. A first heat medium circulation path, which is at least composed of a second heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the heat medium, a compressor, and an expansion valve, and is capable of switching a circulation direction of the first heat medium by switching valve means; A third heat exchanger for exchanging heat between supply air and the second heat medium, and a second heat medium circulation path including at least the second heat exchanger and a circulation pump; In the body, a first air flow from the return air port to the air supply port via the third heat exchanger is provided. A passage, a second air passage communicating with the outside air inlet and joining the first air passage upstream of the third heat exchanger, and communicating with the outside air intake and / or the return air opening. An air conditioner, wherein a third air flow path that diverges without passing through the third heat exchanger and communicates with the exhaust port through the first heat exchanger is formed. 2. An air conditioner having a built-in heat pump unit using outside air and / or return air as a heat source: an outside air intake for taking in outside air, a return air opening for taking in return air from a room, and exhausting outside. An exhaust port, a first air supply port for supplying air to the first air-conditioned space, and a second air supply port for supplying air to the second air-conditioned space; At least a gas-liquid contact type first heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the first heat medium and the second heat medium, a compressor, and an expansion valve. A first heat medium circulation path capable of switching a circulation direction of the first heat medium by a switching valve means; a third heat exchanger for exchanging heat between supply air and the second heat medium; A second heat exchanger including at least a second heat exchanger and a circulation pump; A first air passage extending from the return air port to the first air supply port via the third heat exchanger; and a first air passage upstream of the third heat exchanger communicating with the outside air intake port. A second air flow path that merges with the flow path, and communicates with the outside air intake port and / or the return air port to diverge without passing through the third heat exchanger; and the exhaust port through the first heat exchanger. A fourth air passage communicating the outside air intake and the second air supply port, and a fifth air passage communicating the return air port and the second air supply port. A flow path, and a sixth air flow path communicating between the first air supply port and the second air supply port is formed; an amount of air flowing through the fourth air flow path; and / or the fifth air flow. Damper means for adjusting the amount of air flowing through the passage and / or the amount of air flowing through the sixth air flow path; Air configured to send a desired amount of outside air and / or a desired amount of return air and / or a desired amount of air that has passed through the third heat exchanger to the second air supply port. Harmony machine. 3. A heat storage tank is further provided, and a heat exchange coil connected in series with the third heat exchanger in the second heat medium circulation path is provided in the heat storage tank. The air conditioner according to claim 1 or 2. 4. The circulation amount of the second heat medium in the third heat exchanger and in the heat exchange coil can be adjusted individually and independently, and the heat exchange coil can be selectively bypassed. The air conditioner according to claim 3, wherein: 5. In the second heat medium circulation path, the third heat medium circulation path
The air conditioner according to claim 3, wherein the second heat exchanger and the heat exchange coil are sequentially connected in series downstream of the heat exchanger.