JP3078452B2 - Wood processing method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wood processing technique for expanding the range of use of wood, and more particularly to processing of wood that can be formed into a three-dimensional shape without damaging plate-shaped wood. It is about the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, when a curved member such as a food tray is made of plate-like wood, a three-dimensional shape such as bending or drawing is performed. However, in such a three-dimensional shape molding, there is a problem that breakage easily occurs on the tension side of the plate-like wood. As a conventional technique for solving this problem, there has been a method of forming a plate-like wood in a wet state. That is, it is a method in which a plate-shaped wood is softened by absorbing water, a three-dimensional shape is formed by utilizing the softened state, and the formed shape is fixed by heating and drying after the shaping.

[0003]

However, the above-described method has the following problems. In other words, there is still a risk of breakage when the tensile load increases on the tensile side of the plate-like wood. In particular, it is difficult to avoid the risk of breakage in the case of drawing in which the deformation of the processed portion is large. Further, even if the molded shape is fixed by heating and drying while maintaining the shape after molding, when the wood absorbs water thereafter, a shape restoring action occurs, and it is difficult to completely fix the shape. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to process a three-dimensional shape without damaging a plate-like wood, and
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of processing wood that can surely fix a formed shape. Another object of the present invention is to expand the range of use of wood by increasing the density of low-density and weak wood, such as thinned cedar, together with forming a three-dimensional shape. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for processing wood.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for compressing and deforming wood after absorbing water and softening the wood and fixing the deformed wood to water and heat. The three-dimensional shape is formed by positively utilizing the restoring force for softening again to restore the original shape, and fixing the formed shape.

[0005] That is, the invention of claim 1 comprises a step of compressing and holding the water-absorbed and softened wood and fixing it in a predetermined compressed shape, and a step of slicing the wood having the fixed shape in the compression direction to obtain a plate-like primary material. A step of obtaining a fixed article, a step of heating and absorbing the primary fixed article to form a molded article having a predetermined three-dimensional shape, and a step of fixing the shape to make the molded article a secondary fixed article The gist of the method is that of processing wood.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the step of fixing a predetermined three-dimensional shape to make a molded product a secondary fixed product, the conduit on the surface of the molded product is closed. The gist of the invention is to perform the fixing.

The invention according to claim 3 relates to the invention according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step of forming the primary fixed article into a molded article having a predetermined three-dimensional shape while heating and absorbing water, the primary fixed article is formed. The gist of the invention is to form the primary fixed product while restraining the primary fixed product from expanding in the outer peripheral direction by restraining the product by the restraining means.

[0008]

According to the first aspect of the invention, since the molding is performed by using the restoring force of the primary fixed product due to heating and water absorption, the three-dimensional shape can be reliably formed without damaging the primary fixed product. Become.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the secondary fixed product is obtained by closing and fixing the conduit on the surface of the molded product.
Even if the secondary fixed product gets wet, it does not absorb water,
Good shape fixation is performed.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the restraining means restricts the primary fixed product from expanding in the outer peripheral direction and trying to recover, so that the restoring force of the primary fixed product is concentrated on the molding portion, and the efficiency is improved. The molding is performed.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. First, wood 1 used in the present embodiment is prepared (see FIG. 1A). Although the size of the wood 1 may be of an appropriate size, in this example, a thinned cedar having an average diameter of 22 cm was used. The species of the wood 1 used for the treatment is not particularly limited, but soft or low-density materials such as cedar and thinned wood are preferable in consideration of ease of treatment. Next, the wood 1 is sawn (see FIG. 1B). This is to improve the finished state of the secondary fixed product. In this example, the lumber was sawn into a square piece having a cross section of 18 cm in length and 15 cm in width.

Next, the lumber 1a is subjected to water softening treatment K1 (see FIG. 11). The water absorption softening treatment K1 is a treatment for softening the tissue by heating the lumber 1a to absorb water while heating, and is performed, for example, by a method of boiling or immersing in hot water. In the present embodiment, in consideration of simplicity, treatment was performed by immersion in hot water. The amount of water absorption in the water absorption softening treatment K1 is not particularly limited. However, in consideration of the softening of the lumber 1a, it is preferable that the water absorption be higher than the fiber saturation point, or the material may be saturated up to the saturated state. There is no particular limitation on the boiling or immersion time, and it is sufficient that the lumber 1a is softened. In the present example, the water absorption softening treatment K1 was performed by immersing in hot water of 75 ° C. for 3 hours. The water-absorbing softening treatment K1 can also be performed by a method other than the above, for example, a means for bringing steam into contact with the lumber 1a or a means for performing high-frequency dielectric heating.

Next, compression processing K2 is performed on the lumber 1a subjected to the water absorption softening processing K1 (see FIG. 11). Compression process K2
As shown in FIG. 2, using a mold 2 and a press machine 3,
The direction of reducing the width of the annual ring of the lumber 1a, that is, the axis L
By compressing the entire lumber vertically. The compression process K2 is a process for promoting the restoration of the primary fixed product 5 by the heating / water absorption process K7 described below, and the degree of compression is not particularly limited. The mold 2 has at least the same length as the length of the wood 1 and is composed of a pair of upper and lower dies that can restrain the side surface of the lumber 1a during compression. This is to prevent the side surface of the lumber 1a from being crushed to the side by the compression. The upper die and the lower die are attached to the pressing ram of the press machine 3 with their pressing surfaces facing each other. As the press machine 3, an appropriate model capable of pressing the lumber 1a can be used. Thus, the lumber 1a subjected to the water absorption / softening treatment K1 is sandwiched between the pressing surfaces of the upper die and the lower die,
It is gradually pressed by a press machine, and sawn lumber 1a is 11 cm in length,
It was compressed and deformed to a width of 15 cm (see FIG. 2).

After performing the compression process K2, the primary fixation K3 is performed by maintaining the compressed state as it is (FIG. 1).
1). Here, the time for compressing and holding is not particularly limited, and it is sufficient that a temporary compressed shape is held.
In this example, the temperature was kept at room temperature for 3 hours. After the compression is held for a predetermined time, the primary fixing K3 ends. That is, the press pressure of the press is released, and the upper and lower dies are opened to obtain the compressed wood 4. Here, the wood released from the pressing pressure slightly returns depending on the compression amount and the compression time. In the wood of this example, the vertical side returns by 1.5 cm,
It became a compressed wood 4 of 15 cm in width and 15 cm in width.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the compressed wood 4 is sliced in parallel with the compression direction (K4) to obtain a primary fixed product 5. At this time, it is preferable to perform slicing so that a straight grain appears on the surface 5a and an annual ring layer having a conduit appears on the fore edge 5b so that the aesthetic appearance of the wood is secured. The thickness of the plate to be sliced is arbitrarily selected according to the shape to be finally obtained. In this embodiment, the thickness is 0.5 mm to 1 mm.
Slicing was performed to obtain a primary fixed product 5.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the outer peripheral restraint K5 of the primary fixed product 5 is performed by the restraint 6 (see FIG. 11).
This is the primary fixed product 5 at the time of heating / water absorption processing K7 described later.
Is a process for restricting the expansion in the outer peripheral direction and the attempt to restore the image, and corresponds to the third aspect of the present invention. The restraining tool 6 is formed of a highly rigid metal such as steel, for example, and has an appropriate length capable of restraining the primary fixed product 5 and an appropriate height that does not hinder contact between the upper mold 9 and the lower mold 10 during a molding process K8 described later. It is formed of two sets of plate-like bodies having a thickness sufficient to restrict the expansion of the primary fixed product 5 in the outer peripheral direction.
The pair of restraining tools 6 are bent so that both end portions thereof are substantially L-shaped, and a bent portion 6a is provided with a hole for fitting the mounting screw 8 therein. Further, another pair of restraining tools 6 are provided with holes for screwing the mounting screws 8 on the outer sides of both ends. Thus, the bent portions of the pair of restraints 6 are fitted to both ends of the other pair of restraints 7 from the outside, surround the outer periphery of the primary fixed product 5 in a rectangular shape, and are screwed with the mounting screws 8. . As a result, the outer peripheral constraint K
5 is completed.

Next, the molding die attachment K6 of the primary fixed product 5 is performed (see FIG. 11). The molding die mounting K6 is performed by placing the primary fixed product 5 whose outer periphery is restricted by the restraining tool 6 on the pressing surface 14 provided on the lower die 11 of the molding die 9 (see FIG. 6). The molding die 9 is a die for molding the primary fixed product 5 into a three-dimensional shape to obtain a molded product 17, and has an upper die 10 and a lower die 11, as shown in FIG. The upper die 10 and the lower die 11 are attached to the pressing ram of the press machine 3 with their pressing surfaces 14, 14a facing each other. In addition, the press machine 3 can use the appropriate model which can press the primary fixed article 5. The upper mold 10 is provided with a molding convex mold 12 capable of molding the primary fixed product 5 on a pressing surface 14a. The shape of the molded convex mold 12 is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected according to the shape of the secondary fixed product 18 to be finally obtained. In this embodiment, the cross section is trapezoidal. The lower mold 11 is provided with a molding concave mold 13 on its pressing surface 14 which can mold the primary fixed product 5 integrally with the molding convex mold 12. Molded concave mold 1
The shape of 3 is formed so as to match the shape of the molding convex 12. Guide posts 16 are provided at both ends of the lower mold 11.
The projection is provided, and is inserted into guide holes (not shown) provided at both ends of the upper die 10 to ensure that the pressing is performed.

Next, the primary fixed product 5 attached to the molding die 9 is subjected to a heating / water absorbing process K7 (see FIG. 11). The heating / water absorption process K7 converts the hemicellulose and lignin, which are the internal tissues of the primary fixed product 5, into a rubbery material and softens them, and the restoring force of the primary fixed product 5 expanding in the compression direction to recover the shape is described later. This is a process for actively utilizing the forming process K8. The means for heating and water absorption is not particularly limited, and it is sufficient if the restoring force of the primary fixed product 5 can be used for the forming process K8. In this embodiment, the molding die 9 is set to 13 in consideration of the simplicity of processing.
By preheating to 0 ° C., the primary fixed product 5 is heated, and as shown in FIG. 6, the side of the molding die 9 with respect to the primary fixed product 5 placed on the pressing surface 14 of the lower die 11. Water was absorbed by spraying water from one side. The heating temperature and the water absorption are not particularly limited, and it is sufficient that the restoring force of the primary fixed product 5 can be used for the forming process K8.

Next, a molding process K8 is performed (see FIG. 11). The forming process K8 is a process of forming a desired three-dimensional shape by performing a forming process on the primary fixed article 5 that has been subjected to the heating / water absorbing process K7. That is, the primary fixed product 5 expands simultaneously with the heating and water absorption and attempts to restore its shape, but its outer periphery is restrained by the restraint 6 and expansion in the outer peripheral direction is regulated. Try to expand in the direction.
The molding process K8 performs the molding process K8 by positively utilizing such expansion. As shown in FIG. 6, the primary fixed product 5 is pressed by pressing down the upper die 10 with the press 3 while performing water spraying. That is, the upper mold 10 is lowered by the press machine 3 while being guided by the guide posts 16, and the molded convex mold 12 comes into close contact with the primary fixed product 5. Then, as shown in FIG. 7, the primary fixed product 5 becomes a molded product 17 formed into an arbitrary shape by the pressing action of the molded convex mold 12 and the molded concave mold 13. In addition, since the primary fixed article 5 tends to expand at the same time as the water absorption processing K7, it is preferable to perform the molding processing K8 as quickly as possible.

In the present embodiment, the outer periphery of the primary fixed product 5 is restrained by the restraint 6 to perform the forming process K8. However, the method of the outer peripheral restraint K5 is not limited to this, and the primary fixed product 5 is not limited to this. Any method capable of preventing restoration by expansion of 5 can be selected. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the outer peripheral edge of the primary fixed product 5 may be restrained by a restraining pin 7 provided on the pressing surface 14 of the lower mold 11.

In the present embodiment, the forming process K8 is performed with the outer periphery of the primary fixed product 5 constrained by the restraint 6; however, the forming process K8 can be performed without restricting the outer periphery at all. In this case, in the water absorption process K7, since the primary fixed article 5 expands in the outer peripheral direction in order to restore the shape at the same time as the water absorption, it is necessary to perform the water absorption process K7 and the molding process K8 almost simultaneously. In addition, since the restoring force cannot be used more positively in the forming process K8 than when the outer periphery is constrained, for example, in the case of the deep drawing process, the primary fixed product 5 may be damaged. However, since the operation of the outer periphery constraint K5 is unnecessary, the operation efficiency can be improved, and when deep drawing is not performed, it is optimal for mass production.

Next, the pressing machine 3 is depressurized, and the molding process K8
The removed molded product 17 is taken out of the molding die 9, and then the restraint 6 is removed to perform secondary fixing K9 (FIG. 11).
reference). The secondary fixing K9 is a process for fixing the shape of the molded product 17 so that the shape is not deformed by absorbing water after molding. The secondary fixing K9 is performed by closing a conduit on the surface of the molded article 17. This is because moisture is transmitted through the conduit and the molded product 17
This is to prevent the infiltration into the inside of the device. The method of the secondary fixation K9 corresponds to the invention of claim 2. In this embodiment, in consideration of the simplicity of processing,
A resin was used to close the conduit on the surface of the molded article 17. As the type of the resin used for the treatment, for example, it is preferable to use a thermosetting resin such as vinyl acetate ethylene copolymer (EVA), a phenol resin, a urea resin, a melamine resin, or an aqueous solution thereof. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG.
The secondary fixation K9 was performed by applying a resin to the four corners of. Here, the reason why the resin is not applied to the entire outer surface of the molded article 17 is to simplify the processing in view of the fact that moisture does not easily penetrate into the inside from parts other than the conduit. The reason why the resin is applied to the four corners is to secure the fixing in consideration of the fact that this portion is the highest density portion of the molded product 17. It is sufficient that the secondary fixing K9 can close the conduit on the surface of the molded product 17, and a material other than the resin, for example, rubber or the like may be used.

Further, the method of the secondary fixing K9 is not limited to the method described above, and for example, the molded product 17 may be heated.

Thus, the secondary fixing K9 was completed, and a secondary fixed product 18 of this embodiment was obtained. The secondary fixed product 18 has a three-dimensional shape formed along the shapes of the convex mold 12 and the concave mold 13 of the molding die 9, and has a higher density wood structure than the primary fixed product 5. Was. In addition, since the treatment was performed using the lumber 1a, a straight grain appeared on the surface of the secondary fixed product 18, which was a beautiful finish. Further, as shown in FIG. 10, even when used as a tray for storing food products containing a large amount of water, the secondary fixed product 18 did not absorb water, and no reversion or deformation was observed.

[0025]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to reliably form a plate-like wood into a three-dimensional shape without damaging it, and to further securely fix the formed shape. . Further, for example, by using a low-density and weak-wood material such as a thinned cedar material as a high-density material at the same time as forming a three-dimensional shape, it is possible to expand the range of use of the wood. According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the secondary fixing is performed by closing the conduit on the surface of the molded product, even if the secondary fixed product is wet with water, it does not absorb water, and good secondary fixing is possible. . According to the third aspect of the present invention, the restoring force of the heated and water-absorbed primary fixed product expanding and restoring the shape is concentrated on the processed portion by the outer peripheral constraint, so that the molding can be performed more easily and reliably. It is possible. In particular, it is possible to reliably form even when the processed portion is easily damaged such as in deep drawing.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing wood before processing in an example;
(A) is a figure before lumbering, (b) is a figure which shows the state after lumbering.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a state of a compression process.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a state in which compressed wood is sliced into a primary fixed product.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state in which the outer periphery of a primary fixed product is restrained by a restraint.

FIG. 5 is a front view of a molding die used in the example.

FIG. 6 is a view showing a state in which a primary fixed product is placed on a molding die and heated and absorbed.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a state of molding by a molding die.

FIG. 8 is a view showing a state where the outer periphery of the primary fixed product is restrained by a restraining pin.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a state in which a molded product is secondarily fixed using a resin.

FIG. 10 is a view showing an example of a secondary fixed product.

FIG. 11 is a process chart of a method for processing wood according to an example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1a Lumber 2 Mold 3 Press 4 Compressed Wood 5 Primary Fixture 6 Restrictor 9 Mold 10 Mold 11 Lower Mold 12 Mold Convex Mold 13 Concave Mold 14, 14a Pressing Surface 17 Molded Product 18 Secondary Fixture

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-3-180301 (JP, A) JP-A-58-1507 (JP, A) JP-A-58-1506 (JP, A) 24903 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B27H 1/00 B27K 1/00-5/06

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] Claims: 1. After compressing and holding wood that has been softened by water absorption,
Fixing the wood in the predetermined compression shape, slicing the wood having the fixed shape in the compression direction to obtain a plate-shaped primary fixed product, and heating and absorbing the primary fixed product in a predetermined three-dimensional shape. A wood processing method comprising: a step of forming a molded article having a shape; and a step of fixing the shape to make the molded article a secondary fixed article. 2. The process according to claim 1, wherein in the step of fixing the predetermined three-dimensional shape to make the molded product a secondary fixed product, the fixing is performed by closing a conduit on the surface of the molded product. The wood processing method described. 3. In the step of forming the primary fixed article into a molded article having a predetermined three-dimensional shape while heating and absorbing water, the primary fixed article is constrained by a constraining means so as to move in an outer peripheral direction of the primary fixed article. The method for processing wood according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the molding is performed while restricting expansion of the wood.