JP3077785B2 - Cool storage of agricultural products - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cold storage of agricultural products and the like, comprising an ice room in which natural ice and snow are deposited and stored, and a storage room for storing agricultural products and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, in cold regions such as Hokkaido,
Cold storage of agricultural products and the like that stores snow or ice blocks in winter and uses them as a cold heat source in summer has been constructed. This cold storage of agricultural products and the like using natural ice and snow has low construction costs, low operating costs, and can protect stored products such as agricultural products from cold air in winter and warm air in spring and summer. High in nature.

[0003] The cold storage storage disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-61110 is composed of a storage room for storing agricultural products and the like by forming a peripheral wall of a heat insulating structure, and an ice room for storing and storing ice and snow. By changing the degree of opening and closing of the shutter that partitions the communicating part with the ice room in accordance with the temperature in the storage room, the amount of cold air in the ice room is appropriately adjusted and taken into the storage room. It has been proposed to carry out cold storage in the vicinity.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional cold storage, the storage room temperature is maintained at about 100C and the humidity is about 100% by utilizing the heat of melting of ice. It could not be applied to agricultural products such as brown rice having a storage temperature of about 5 to 10 ° C. In addition, since the above-mentioned cold storage is taking in the cold storage while adjusting the amount of cold air in the ice room with a shutter, the cold storage is performed.
The relative humidity in the storage room was always high, close to 100%, and could not be applied to brown rice with an optimum storage humidity of about 70%.

[0005] In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a cold storage of agricultural products and the like which can store grains such as brown rice.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following arrangement.

The interior of the storage surrounded by the roof and side walls of the heat insulating structure is partitioned by a partition made of a metal material having good heat conductivity, and divided into an ice room for storing and storing ice and snow and a storage room for storing agricultural products and the like. In the cool storage of agricultural products,
The partition wall is provided with a damper that communicates or shuts off the ice room and the storage room, and a blower fan that circulates the air in the storage room and the cool air in the ice room is provided. A heat exchanger including a cooling pipe and a blower fan is provided at an upper portion of the storage chamber, and a water supply pipe through which the molten cold water in the water storage tank flows is provided in the cooling pipe of the heat exchanger.

The water supply pipe is connected to the water storage tank via a chilled water pump, a drain pipe is connected to the cooling pipe, and the drain pipe is branched to provide a water sprinkling pipe. The means is made more effective by connecting a watering nozzle at the end to face above the ice chamber and providing a switching valve at a branch of the drainage pipe.

Further, a level sensor for detecting a water level and a water temperature sensor for detecting a water temperature are provided in the water storage tank, and a switching valve control device for switching the switching valve based on the detection values of the level sensor and the water temperature sensor is provided. This makes the means more effective.

[0010] Further, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are provided in the storage room, and the driving of the blower fan for the heat exchanger and the flow rate of the chilled water pump are controlled based on the detection values of the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor. ,Also,
It is preferable to provide a temperature / humidity control device that controls opening / closing of the damper based on detection values of the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor and controls driving of the damper blower fan.

[0011]

When the damper provided on the partition is controlled to open and close and the blower fan is driven, the air in the storage room and the cool air in the ice room are circulated. To keep the atmosphere of low temperature and high humidity. Next, when the molten cold water in the water storage tank is supplied from the water supply pipe to the cooling pipe of the heat exchanger and the blower fan for the heat exchanger is driven, the air in the storage chamber is taken into the heat exchanger, and the cooling pipe is removed. It is indirectly cooled by the flowing molten cold water. At the same time, the air taken into the heat exchanger is cooled to a temperature below the dew point to form dew condensation water, which is dehumidified by removing moisture from the air. The air cooled and dehumidified after passing through the heat exchanger is returned to the storage room again, and maintains a low-temperature atmosphere of about 70% humidity in the storage room.

When the chilled water pump connected to the water supply line is driven, the molten cold water stored in the water storage tank is sent to the cooling line via the water supply line. The molten cold water in the cooling pipe heats up with the air in the storage room by heat exchange, and the heated wastewater is discharged to the outside of the storage via the drainage pipe.

[0013] Further, the water level or the water temperature of the water storage tank is detected by a level sensor and a water temperature sensor provided in the water storage tank, and when it is determined that the water volume is insufficient or the water temperature is 0 ° C or higher, the switching valve is switched by the control device. Then, the flow path is switched from the drain pipe to the sprinkler pipe, and the drain water is circulated through the sprinkler pipe into the ice chamber. The drainage forcibly melts the ice and snow, and a constant amount of 0 ° C. molten cold water is always stored in the water tank.

Further, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are provided in the storage room, and the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor control the damper, the blower fan for the damper, the chilled water pump, and the blower fan for the heat exchanger to set the storage room. Control temperature and humidity.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a cold storage of agricultural products and the like according to the present invention. The cold storage 1 is erected on a foundation concrete 3 laid on the ground 2 and is formed by surrounding side walls 4 and 4 and roofs 5 and 5 which are shielded from outside air.
And the inside of the cold storage 1 is the ceiling 6 of the roof parts 5, 5.
From the floor material 7 to the floor material 7, which is vertically partitioned by a partition wall 8 having good thermal conductivity, one of which is formed in an ice room 9 for storing and storing ice and snow 12, and the other is formed in a storage room 10 for keeping cold storage of agricultural products and the like. . The side walls 4 and 4, the roof portions 5 and 5, and the floor material 7 are provided with a heat insulating material 11 such as glass wool inside, and the ice room 9 and the storage room 10 are insulated from the outside air by the heat insulating material 11. The ice and snow 12 stored in the ice chamber 9 has an unstable shape when melted, and is stored in a plurality of iron containers 13. The agricultural products 14 in the storage room 10 are accumulated and stored in the container 15, and the ice and snow 1 accumulated in the ice room 9 are stored.
The heat is kept cold via the partition 8 by the cold heat source 2.

The partition wall 8 is formed of a metal material having good heat conductivity such as galvanized or brass, and is provided with a damper 16 for communicating or blocking the ice room 9 and the storage room 10. A plurality of blowers 17 for circulating cool air in the ice compartment 9 and air in the storage compartment 10 are provided below the partition 8. The damper 16 and the blower fan 17 are connected so as to be linked with each other, and are driven and controlled by a temperature sensor 18 and a humidity sensor 19 provided in the storage room 10 via a control device 40.

The ice chamber 9 for storing and storing the ice and snow 12 has a floor 20 on which a snowboard 20 for draining the molten and cooled water of the ice and snow 12 is laid, and a water tank 21 for storing the molten and cooled water in the ground 2. The water storage tank 21 is connected to a cold water pump 23 that pumps the molten cold water through a pipe 22, and the cold water pump 23 is connected to one end of a cooling pipe 26 through a water supply pipe 24.

The storage room 10 in which the agricultural products 14 are stored in a cold storage,
At the upper part, a heat exchanger 25 is provided that uses the melting cold water of the ice and snow 12 as a cold heat source. The heat exchanger 25 accommodates the cooling pipe line 26 and the blower fan 27 in a machine frame 28, and the air supply port 29 and the exhaust port 30 are arranged so that the air in the storage room 10 flows through the heat exchanger 25. Are opened in the machine frame 28.
The machine frame 28 is connected to the air outlet 30 through the air outlet duct 31.
And a drain pipe 32 for draining dew condensation water.
Is provided. The exhaust duct 31 has a plurality of blowing ports 33 for discharging cooling / dehumidifying air into the storage room 10.
... are provided. The chilled water pump 23 and the blower fan 27 are connected so as to interlock with each other, and the temperature sensor 18 and the humidity sensor 1 provided in the storage room 10 are provided.
9, the temperature inside the storage room 10 through the control device 40 is kept constant.
Drive controlled by humidity.

The other end of the cooling pipe 26 is connected to a drain pipe 34 for draining the used molten cold water. The drain pipe 34 is connected to a sprinkling pipe 36 for spraying the ice and snow 12 via a switching valve 35. And branch. Then, the drainage pipe 34 is connected to the outside of the storage 1, and the watering pipe 36 is connected to the ice chamber 9, and the watering nozzle 3 is provided at the tip of the watering pipe 36.
7 are connected, and are exposed above the ice and snow 12. The switching valve 35 is driven and controlled by a level sensor 38 and a water temperature sensor 39 provided in the water storage tank 21 to switch between the drainage pipe 34 and the watering pipe 36 via a control device 40. An overflow 41 is provided on the side of the water storage tank 21 to prevent water from entering the ice chamber 9.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described.
In the storage room 10, agricultural products, for example, brown rice, pumpkin, etc. are deposited and stored in the container 15. Brown rice or pumpkin stored in the storage room 10 has an optimum storage condition at a temperature of 5 to 10.
The temperature and the humidity are about 70%. The temperature and humidity in the storage room 10 are affected by the outside air temperature, respiration heat of agricultural products, and the like.
It is controlled so as to meet the above-mentioned optimum storage conditions.

For example, when the outside air temperature is 35 ° C., and the controller 40 sets the temperature inside the storage room 10 to 10 ° C. and the humidity 70%, first, the temperature sensor 18 and the humidity sensor 19 Detects temperature and humidity inside. Then, the control device 40 controls the driving of the chilled water pump 23 and the blower fan 27 so that the temperature and humidity in the storage room reach the set values. Further, the control device 40 closes the damper 16 so that the inside of the storage room 10 is not humidified, and
Is stopped. When the controller 40 controls the pump flow rate to drive the chilled water pump 23, the molten chilled water stored in the water storage tank 21 is pumped up by the heat exchanger 25 and sent to the cooling pipeline 26. Next, when the blower fan 27 is driven, the air in the storage room 10 is taken into the machine casing 28 from the air supply port 29 and is indirectly cooled by the molten cold water sent to the cooling pipe 26. At the same time, the air introduced into the machine casing 28 is cooled to a temperature below the dew point to form dew condensation water, and is dehumidified by removing moisture from the air. The cooled and dehumidified air flows into the exhaust duct 31 from the exhaust port 30 and is again blown into the storage room 10 through the plurality of air outlets 33. While keeping the humidity at 70%.

Condensed water generated by the molten cold water in the cooling pipe 26 is drained out of the storage room 10 through a drain pipe 32 provided in the machine frame 28. The wastewater that has exchanged heat with the air by the heat exchanger 25 is drained out of the storage 1 through the drainage pipe 34 or circulated into the ice chamber 9 by the switching valve 35. The control of the switching valve 35 will be described below.

Since the heat exchanger 25 uses the molten cold water of the ice and snow 12 as a cold heat source, the cooling efficiency changes depending on the amount and temperature of the molten cold water. For this reason, a level sensor 38 and a water temperature sensor 39 are provided in the water storage tank 21 to control the switching valve 35 so as to keep the water volume and the water temperature constant. That is, the level sensor 38 and the water temperature sensor 39 detect the water amount or the water temperature of the water storage tank 21, and when it is determined that the water amount is insufficient or the water temperature is 0 ° C. or more, the switching valve 35 is switched by the control device 40, and the flow path is changed The direction is switched to the direction 36, and the drainage of the heat exchanger 25 is circulated into the ice chamber 9 via the sprinkling line 36. Then, the drainage is sprinkled on the ice and snow 12 by the watering nozzle 37 facing above the ice and snow 12, and the ice and snow 12 is forcibly melted. As a result, a constant amount of 0 ° C. molten cold water is always stored in the water storage tank 21, and the cooling efficiency of the heat exchanger 25 is kept constant.

The above-mentioned storage of brown rice and pumpkin has been described for the case where the outside air temperature is equal to or higher than the set value (10 ° C.).
When the outside air temperature is lower than the set value, the cold water pump 23 and the blower fan 27 are stopped, and the temperature may be maintained at the set temperature by using respiration heat of agricultural products. In addition, storage room 1
When the humidity in 0 is dried to 70% or less, the damper 16 is opened by the control device 40 and the blower fan 17 is driven to humidify with high humidity cool air.

Optimum storage conditions for storing long potatoes and soybeans are 0 ° C. and 100% humidity. In this control, the damper 16 is opened and the blower fan 17 is driven.
It is not necessary to cool directly to 0 ° C. and to dehumidify the inside of the storage room 10.

When the outside air temperature is 35 ° C., the temperature of the storage room is set to 0 ° C. and the humidity is set to 100% in the control device 40, the temperature and humidity in the storage room are detected by the temperature sensor 18 and the humidity sensor 19. I do. The control device 40 fully opens the damper 16 so as to reach 0 ° C. and controls the blower fan 17 to be ON. Thereby, the cool air in the ice room 9 is taken into the storage room 10 and keeps the long potatoes and the beans in the storage room 10 near 0 ° C. In addition, due to the high-humidity cold air taken into the storage room 10, the storage room 10
% Humidified. The control device 40 controls the chilled water pump 2 so that the air in the storage room 10 is not dehumidified by the heat exchanger 25.
3 and the blower fan 27 are stopped.

Optimum storage conditions for storing peppers, cucumber and the like are a temperature of 7 ° C. and a humidity of 100%.

Now, when the outside air temperature is 35 ° C., and the controller 40 sets the temperature inside the storage room 10 at 7 ° C. and the humidity at 100%, the temperature sensor 18 and the humidity sensor 19 use the temperature inside the storage room 10.・ Detect humidity. Then, the control device 40 controls the opening and closing of the damper 16 so as to reach 7 ° C., and controls ON / OFF of the blower fan 17. Thereby, the amount of the cold air in the ice compartment 9 taken into the storage compartment 10 is adjusted, and the peppers and cucumber in the storage compartment 10 are kept cool at about 7 ° C. Further, the storage room 10 is constantly humidified to nearly 100% by the high-humidity cold air taken into the storage room 10. The control device 40 stops the chilled water pump 23 and the blower fan 27 so that the air in the storage room 10 is not dehumidified by the heat exchanger 25.

The above operation has been described for the case where the storage room temperature is equal to or higher than the set value (7 ° C.). In particular, when the outside air is below freezing below −5 ° C., the temperature is kept at 7 ° C. by another heat source such as a heater, The damper 16 is opened so that the storage room 10 does not dry, and the blower fan 17 is turned on.

[0031]

According to the cold storage of agricultural products and the like in the present invention, the partition partitioning the inside of the storage is provided with a damper for communicating or shutting off the ice room and the storage room, and the air in the storage room and the cool air in the ice room are circulated. A blower fan is provided, a water storage tank for storing the melting and cooling water of ice and snow is provided in an underground part of the ice room, and a heat exchanger including a cooling pipe and a blower fan is provided at an upper part of the storage room, and a cooling pipe of the heat exchanger is provided. Since the water supply pipe line for flowing the molten cold water in the water storage tank is provided in the path, by controlling the opening and closing of the damper and driving the blower fan for the damper, the cold air in the ice chamber is directly taken into the storage chamber to reduce the temperature. Lower and humidify to high humidity,
Optimal storage conditions enable storage of low-temperature, high-humidity vegetables, and, by feeding the molten cold water in the water storage tank to the cooling pipeline of the heat exchanger and driving the blower fan for the heat exchanger, Since it is indirectly cooled by the cool air in the ice room, the cool air does not directly invade and high humidity does not occur, and it is possible to store brown rice or the like whose optimum storage condition is about 70%.

The water supply pipe is connected to the water storage tank via a cold water pump, and a drain pipe is connected to the cooling pipe. The drain pipe is branched to provide a water sprinkling pipe. Since the channel was connected to a sprinkler nozzle at the end and faced above the ice chamber, and a switching valve was provided at the branch of the drainage line,
Ice and snow are forcibly melted by the heated wastewater, and the molten cold water in the water storage tank is always kept at 0 ° C., so that the cooling efficiency of the heat exchanger can be maximized.

Further, a level sensor for detecting a water level and a water temperature sensor for detecting a water temperature are provided in the water storage tank, and a switching valve control device for switching the switching valve based on the detection values of the level sensor and the water temperature sensor is provided. Therefore, the temperature of the molten cold water in the water storage tank was constantly controlled at a constant amount to 0 ° C., and the cooling efficiency of the heat exchanger could be kept unmanned and constant.

A temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are provided in the storage room, and the driving of the heat exchange fan and the flow rate of the chilled water pump are controlled based on the detection values of the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor. Further, a temperature / humidity control device for controlling the opening and closing of the damper based on the detection values of the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor and controlling the driving of the damper blower fan is provided. It is now possible to control the storage conditions optimally for each agricultural product storage item unattended.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a cold storage of agricultural products or the like embodying the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a cool storage for agricultural products or the like embodying the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cold storage 2 Ground 3 Foundation concrete 4 Side wall 5 Roof 6 Ceiling 7 Flooring material 8 Partition wall 9 Ice room 10 Storage room 11 Insulation material 12 Ice snow 13 Iron container 14 Agricultural products 15 Container 16 Damper 17 Ventilation fan 18 Temperature sensor 19 Humidity sensor 20 Snowboard 21 Reservoir 22 Pipe 23 Cold water pump 24 Water supply pipe 25 Heat exchanger 26 Cooling pipe 27 Ventilation fan 28 Machine frame 29 Air supply port 30 Exhaust port 31 Exhaust duct 32 Drain pipe 33 Spout port 34 Drain pipe 35 Switching Valve 36 Watering line 37 Watering nozzle 38 Level sensor 39 Water temperature sensor 40 Controller 41 Overflow

Continuation of front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F25D 3/02 A01F 25/00 F25D 3/00

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A storage room surrounded by a roof and side walls of a heat insulating structure is partitioned by a partition wall made of a metal material having good heat conductivity to be divided into an ice room for storing ice and snow and a storage room for storing agricultural products and the like. In the cold storage of agricultural products and the like, a damper is provided on the partition wall for communicating or shutting off the ice room and the storage room, and a blower fan for circulating air in the storage room and cool air in the ice room is provided. A water tank for storing the molten cold water is provided, and a heat exchanger including a cooling pipe and a blower fan is provided above the storage chamber, and the molten cold water in the water tank is passed through the cooling pipe of the heat exchanger. Cool storage of agricultural products, etc., characterized by having a water supply line. 2. The water supply pipe is connected to the water storage tank via a chilled water pump, and a drain pipe is connected to the cooling pipe. The drain pipe is branched to provide a water sprinkler pipe. 2. The cold storage storage of agricultural products according to claim 1, wherein a water sprinkling nozzle is connected to an end of the passage so as to face above the ice chamber, and a switching valve is provided at a branch portion of the drainage line. A level sensor for detecting a water level and a water temperature sensor for detecting a water temperature in the water storage tank, and a switching valve control device for switching the switching valve based on detection values of the level sensor and the water temperature sensor. A cold storage for agricultural products and the like according to claim 2. 4. A temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are provided in the storage room, and a drive of the blower fan for the heat exchanger is controlled based on detection values of the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor, and a flow rate of the chilled water pump is controlled. 4. A temperature / humidity control device for controlling opening and closing of the damper based on detection values of the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor and controlling driving of a blower fan for the damper.
Insulated storage for the agricultural products described.