JP3065167B2 - Automatic programming device for numerical control - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic programming device for numerical control.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When a workpiece is cut into a predetermined shape using a machine tool, a cutting tool is moved to cut off a portion that intersects with the workpiece to finally form a predetermined shape.

In recent years, machine tools having a numerical control function by a computer have been actively used in order to perform work automatically and improve machining accuracy. In a machine tool having a numerical control function, an instruction of approach or retraction is programmed in advance by an operator, and a tool moves according to the program. Further, an automatic programming device for numerical control, which automatically creates a program by instructing the trajectory of a tool, has been mounted.

In a conventional automatic programming device for numerical control, a tool such as a ball end mill is used to move a tool in a certain direction during approach or retraction when a curved surface is machined on a workpiece. The trajectory was set.

[0005]

The most important relation between the machining accuracy and the movement of the cutting tool is that an error occurs between the designated tool path and the actual tool path due to a delay in the servo system or the like. . The magnitude of this error depends on the degree to which the tool trajectory changes direction, and as shown in FIG. In order to minimize this error, it is desirable that the trajectory of the tool changes smoothly.

However, in the above-mentioned conventional example, since the tool is moved in a fixed direction at the time of approach or retraction, a change in the direction of the tool path may be large, and a large dimensional error occurs. There was an inconvenience.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to improve the inconveniences of the prior art, and particularly to improve the processing shape data and processing data.
Approach or retraction position and machining
When entering the tool path at the time, automatically approach or
An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic programming device for numerical control capable of smoothly changing the trajectory of a tool during retraction and improving machining accuracy.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention, pressurized
The processing data and the appro
The tool path from the approach position and the approach position
Direction vector and the approach amount up to the approach position
And an input portion for inputting the machining shape from the input portion.
Based on the data and the approach position,
Normal vector to the surface of the machined shape at the position
And an arithmetic unit for calculating
The line direction vector, the approach amount, and the traveling direction vector
And the approach approach start position of the tool based on
And an approach processing unit that calculates the traveling direction vector.
I have. In addition, this approach processing section
Approach approach calculated by roach processing unit
The approach based on the starting position and the heading vector
Change direction gradually from the approach start position to the approach position
Interpolator that complements the tool while moving it
Was set, it adopts a configuration and the like. This aims to achieve the above-mentioned object.

[0009]

An operator inputs machining shape data, tool trajectory moving direction data, approach conditions, and retraction conditions to an input unit. The input unit outputs the processing shape data and the tool trajectory moving direction data to the calculation unit, the approach condition to the approach processing unit, and the retraction condition to the retraction processing unit. The calculation unit calculates the normal direction of the processing surface, the tool movement direction, and the like based on the processing shape data and the tool trajectory movement direction data from the input unit, creates internal data, and outputs the data to the approach processing unit. The approach processing unit determines whether or not the data is at the approach position based on internal data from the calculation unit. When it is determined that the data is the approach position data, the three-dimensional approach direction, that is, the approach start position, the approach approach start position, and the respective traveling direction vectors are calculated based on the internal data from the operation unit and the approach conditions from the input unit. At the same time, the calculation result is added before the internal data from the calculation unit and output to the retraction processing unit.

On the other hand, if it is determined that the data is not the data of the approach position, the internal data from the arithmetic unit is output to the retraction processing unit as it is. The retraction processing unit outputs the internal data from the approach processing unit to the interpolation unit and determines whether the internal data from the approach processing unit is data at the retraction position. If the data is determined to be the data of the retraction position, the three-dimensional retraction direction is calculated based on the internal data from the approach processing unit and the retraction conditions from the input unit, and the calculation result is output to the interpolation unit. On the other hand, if it is determined that the data is not the data of the retraction position, nothing is performed.

In the interpolation section, if the internal data from the retraction processing section is the data of the approach position, the trajectory data to the approach position is gradually changed from the approach entry start position to the approach start position based on the calculation result in the approach processing section. The internal data is interpolated so that the direction changes and output to the output unit. Also, if the internal data from the retraction processing unit is the data at the retraction position, the trajectory data to the retraction position is gradually changed from the retraction progress position to the retraction end position based on the calculation result in the retraction processing unit. The internal data is interpolated so that the direction changes and output to the output unit. The output unit converts the data from the interpolation unit into data for a numerical control device and outputs the data.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is based on an input unit 101 for inputting machining shape data, tool trajectory moving direction data, approach conditions and retraction conditions, and based on machining shape data and tool trajectory moving direction data from the input unit 101. Calculation unit 102 for calculating the normal direction of the processing surface, the tool moving direction, etc.
And the approach condition from the input unit 101 and the arithmetic unit 102
And a retraction processing unit 104 for performing a retraction process based on the retraction conditions from the input unit 101 and the data from the approach processing unit 103.
And an interpolation unit 105 for interpolating the data from the retraction processing unit 104 and an output unit 106 for converting the data from the interpolation unit 105 into data for a numerical control device.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

[0015] The operator inputs processing shape data, tool path moving direction data, approach conditions, and retraction conditions to the input unit 101.

[0016] The input unit 101 outputs the machining shape data and the tool trajectory moving direction data to the calculation unit 102, the approach condition to the approach processing unit 103, and the retraction condition to the retraction processing unit 104.

[0017] The calculation unit 102 calculates the normal direction of the processing surface, the tool movement direction, and the like based on the processing shape data from the input unit 101 and the tool trajectory movement direction data, creates internal data, and outputs the internal data to the approach processing unit 103. .

[0018] The approach processing unit 103 determines whether or not the data is at the approach position based on the internal data from the calculation unit 102 (step 21 in FIG. 2).

If it is determined that the data is the approach position data, the three-dimensional approach direction, that is, the approach start position and the approach approach start position are respectively determined based on the internal data from the operation unit 102 and the approach conditions from the input unit 101. Is calculated, and the calculation result is added to the front of the internal data from the calculation unit 102 and output to the retraction processing unit 104 (step 22 in FIG. 2).

Here, a method of calculating an approach start position, an approach approach start position, and respective approach direction vectors and an output procedure will be described in detail. Here, as shown in FIG. 3, s1 is the curved surface to be machined, p1 is the approach position, n1 is the normal direction vector of s1 at p1, and v
1 is a traveling direction vector of a tool path indicated by a tangent vector of a curved surface, and d is an approach amount specified by an approach condition from an operator.

(A). The approach start position ap1 is obtained from the following equation (1), and the approach start position ap is obtained from the equation (2).
1 is determined.

Ap1 = p1 + d × n1 (1)

Av1 = −v1 (2)

(B). ap1 and av1 are output to the retraction processing unit 104.

(C). The approach approach start position ap2 is obtained from the following equation (3), and the traveling direction vector a at the approach approach start position ap2 is obtained from the equations (4) and (5).
v2 and av22 are obtained.

Ap2 = p1 + d × n1-d × v1 (3)

Av2 = −v1 (4)

Av22 = −n1 (5)

(D). ap2 and av2 are output to the retraction processing unit 104.

(E). ap2 and av22 are output to the retraction processing unit 104.

(F). The internal data from the arithmetic unit 102 is output to the retraction processing unit 104.

On the other hand, if it is determined that the data is not the approach position data, the internal data from the arithmetic unit 102 is output to the retraction processing unit 104 as it is (step 23 in FIG. 2).

[0033] In the retraction processing unit 104, the internal data from the approach processing unit 103 is interpolated by the interpolation unit 105.
(Step 41 in FIG. 4) and determines whether the internal data from the approach processing unit 103 is the data at the retraction position (Step 4 in FIG. 4).
2).

If it is determined that the data is the data of the retraction position, the three-dimensional retraction direction is calculated based on the internal data from the approach processing unit 103 and the retraction condition from the input unit 101, and the calculation result is obtained. Is output to the interpolation unit 105 (step 4 in FIG. 4).
3).

Here, the method of calculating the traveling direction vector and the output procedure at each of the retraction end position and the retraction progress position will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 5, s2 is a curved surface to be machined, p2 is a retraction position, n2 is a normal direction vector of s2 at p2, v2 is a traveling direction vector of a tool path indicated by a tangent vector of the curved surface, d Is the retraction amount specified by the retraction condition. Here, it is assumed that the position and the vector have three-dimensional components.

(A). Formula (6) below shows the retraction progress position rp1, and Formula (7) shows the traveling direction vectors rv1 and rv11 at the retraction progress position rp1.
Ask for.

Rp1 = p2 + d × n2 + d × v2 (6)

Rv1 = −v2 (7)

(B). rp1 and rv1 are output to the interpolation unit 105.

(C). rp1 and rv11 are interpolated by 105
Output to

(D). The retraction end position rp2 is obtained from the following equation (8), and the traveling direction vector rv2 at the retraction end position rp2 is obtained from the equation (9).

Rp2 = p2 + d × n2 (8)

Rv2 = −n2 (9)

(E). rp2 and rv2 are output to the interpolation unit 105.

On the other hand, if it is determined that the data is not the data of the retraction position, no operation is performed.

[0046] If the internal data from the retraction processing unit 104 is the data of the approach position, the interpolation unit 105 interpolates the internal data based on the calculation result of the approach processing unit 103 and outputs the result to the output unit 106. That is, the trajectory data to the approach position is interpolated so as to move the tool while gradually changing the direction from the approach approach start position to the approach start position.

If the internal data from the retraction processing unit 104 is data at the retraction position, the internal data is interpolated based on the calculation result in the retraction processing unit 104 and output to the output unit 106. That is, the trajectory data to the retraction position is interpolated so as to move the tool while gradually changing the direction from the retraction progress position to the retraction end position.

[0048] The output unit 106 converts the data from the interpolation unit 105 into data for a numerical control device and outputs the data.

[0049]

Since the present invention is constructed and functions as described above, according to this, according to the processing shape data and the processing data,
Approach or retraction position and during machining
Simply enter the tool path and the normal on the machined surface
The vector is calculated automatically and the three-dimensional
Identify the approach start position and further
Complement the path from the entry start position to the approach position.
Because, automatically can be smoothly changed the trajectory of the tool in the vicinity example approach position, which for the outermost
It is possible to provide an unprecedented excellent automatic programming device for numerical control, in which machining accuracy can be improved with a small input .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart for explaining an operation of an approach processing unit in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an operation of an approach processing unit in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of a retraction processing unit in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an operation of a retraction processing unit in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a direction change of a tool path.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 Input part 102 Operation part 103 Approach processing part 104 Retraction processing part 105 Interpolation part 106 Output part

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. Process data and the processed shape data
From the approach position, which is the point of
To the traveling direction vector of the tool path and the approach position
And the input part where the approach amount of
Based on the machining shape data and the approach position
To the surface of the machined shape at the approach position
A calculation unit for calculating a normal direction vector, and the calculation unit
The normal direction vector calculated according to the above and the approach amount
The approach of the tool based on the traveling direction vector
App that calculates the approach entry position and traveling direction vector
And an approach processing section, and the approach processing section
Approach approach start position and traveling direction calculated by
Before the approach approach start position based on the vector
Tool while gradually changing the direction to the approach position
The feature is that an interpolation unit that complements to move is added.
For numerical control automatic programming apparatus to be. 2. The machining shape data and the machining shape data
Retraction position that is a point and the relevant retraction position
The traveling direction vector of the tool trajectory based on
The retraction amount up to the
Force section, the machining shape data from the input section and the
The retraction position based on the traction position
The normal direction vector for the surface of the processed shape at
Calculation unit, and the normal direction calculated by the calculation unit
Vector, the retraction amount, and the traveling direction vector
And the retraction progress position of the tool based on
A retraction processing unit that calculates the traveling direction vector
And the retraction processing unit
The retraction progress position calculated by the unit and
Whether the retraction position is based on the traveling direction vector
Gradually change the direction to the retraction position
An automatic programming device for numerical control, wherein an interpolator for complementing the tool while moving is provided .