JP3063393U - Ventilation intake / exhaust path structure in cold district housing - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] To discharge indoor air heated by a heating device to the outside while melting snow around an entrance door while minimizing heat loss of exhaust heat. SOLUTION: While introducing outside air into a underfloor space and circulating the air in the underfloor space into the house, the exhaust path collects the air in each room in the underfloor space and collects the exhaust air at a location near the outside of the entrance door. Discharge. In some cases, the terminal outlet of the exhaust path is arranged directly below the entrance door so as to blow air substantially parallel to the ground.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a ventilation structure in a highly airtight house, and more particularly to a technique for melting snow by exhaust air in a house in a cold region.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 Various systems have been proposed for the ventilation structure of a high airtight house. However, house ventilation in cold regions is generally provided with a fan motor for introducing outside air separately from the intake and exhaust opening device. This is because if a fan motor is provided in the intake / exhaust opening, the outside temperature of minus temperature and the room temperature of plus temperature collide with each other to cause dew condensation, which causes problems such as freezing and locking of the fan motor.

For this reason, in general, a house ventilation system in a cold region is provided with a small fan motor for realizing gentle ventilation close to natural ventilation at an appropriate place in a room, and forcibly exhausting a small amount of air per unit time there. On the other hand, for the intake air, a method is adopted in which outside air is introduced in a state close to natural ventilation using indoor negative pressure.

What is problematic here is how to further increase the temperature of the intake outside air. In the prior art, since it is necessary to increase the efficiency of heat exchange with indoor heating by increasing the temperature of the intake outside air, a pipe 2 for introducing outside air is arranged in the underfloor space 1 as shown in FIG. The pipe 2 was led into the room 3 for ventilation. 4 is the opening of the outside air introduction pipe. It is natural that the outside air introduction pipe 2 is disposed so as to be inconspicuous, for example, through the inside of the wall 5. This is the same in the present invention. On the other hand, air is exhausted from the main room or in each room independently using the negative pressure in the room by a fan motor provided at appropriate places. Reference numeral 7 denotes a ventilator having a built-in fan motor. The more exhaust points, the higher the ventilation efficiency, but the worse the heat efficiency. Determining a ventilation structure that balances these is the basis of housing design in cold regions.

[0005]

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

 By the way, the conventional ventilation structure is often designed with an emphasis on simply discharging dirty indoor air to the outside, in particular, on maximizing prevention of heat loss of the indoor air at that time.

For this reason, in the conventional ventilation structure, the calculation of the intake air temperature and the efficiency of the indoor heating, the heat loss between the exhaust air and the indoor air, and the like are emphasized, and the exhaust heat is treated as a factor that a certain amount is automatically discarded by the outside air. Will be In other words, the amount of heat that ventilation has potentially does not always count as an important factor in the temperature calculation of ventilation design.

Of course, there are many attempts to effectively use the amount of heat of the exhaust gas. For example, some measures have been taken to maintain the indoor temperature by increasing the temperature of the ceiling and the roof by transferring the exhaust heat to the ceiling.

However, considering a recent highly airtight house or condominium structure, there is a problem that a system for drawing ventilation air to the ceiling lacks versatility. In cold regions, traditional sloped roof structures such as gabled roofs and ridged roofs have recently been reduced to prevent snowfall accidents, and non-snowfall houses with flat ceilings are increasing. In addition, the demand for elements such as snow melting of sloping roofs and the maintenance of house heating using exhaust heat is gradually decreasing due to the remarkable increase in airtightness.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a means for more effectively utilizing exhaust heat when exhausting indoor air heated by a heating device to the outside.

[0010]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 To achieve the above object, the intake path of the present invention introduces outside air into the underfloor space and circulates the air in the underfloor space into the house, while the exhaust path consolidates the air in each room in the underfloor space, The combined exhaust is exhausted near the outside of the entrance door. In some cases, the terminal outlet of the exhaust path is located just below the entrance door so that air can be blown substantially parallel to the ground.

[0011]

[Action]

 The ventilation structure according to the present invention is first introduced into the underfloor space of the house as a means of warming the outside air. Second, indoor exhaust also passes through the underfloor space to raise the ambient temperature of the underfloor space itself. Due to the calorific value of the exhaust air, the underfloor space can maintain a temperature of plus Celsius (2 to 5 ° C) even in a severe winter season (outside temperature minus 10 to 20 ° C). Therefore, the air in the underfloor space always keeps the ambient temperature at plus Celsius while storing fresh outside air.

The air in the underfloor space is supplied into the room from an appropriate place, for example, a small opening provided on the floor of the first floor. As long as the small exhaust fan is operating, the under-floor air is naturally introduced into the room by the negative pressure in the room. The temperature of the introduced air at this time is plus Celsius. Preferably, the underfloor air supply opening is disposed near an air inlet of a heating device such as a central heater so that a person in a living room does not feel cold air as much as possible.

On the other hand, the ventilating structure according to the present invention firstly collects the exhaust gas under the floor and warms the intake air in order to effectively use the heat of the exhaust gas. This has already been mentioned.

[0014] Secondly, the exhaust of each room gathered in the underfloor space is blown out to the outside of the entrance door, and the action of melting snow falling near the entrance door is performed.

[0015] In snowfall areas in Hokkaido and the Tohoku region, there are many snowfall days exceeding 15 cm per night, and there are days when the entrance door is not opened due to snow, such as the fall of roof snow. In the case of light fresh snow, the door is opened and closed many times, and the door is opened little by little. However, when heavy snow is accumulated due to damp snow or falling snow on the roof, it is often difficult to open the door. Therefore, the present invention continuously melts the snow outside the entrance door by the heat of the exhaust gas, eliminating complications when entering and exiting. The indoor temperature in a house in a cold region is generally high, about 25 to 30 degrees Celsius, and the temperature of the exhaust is kept at 15 to 20 degrees Celsius. Will disappear in a short time, and the snow falling on the roof will decrease to the extent that the entrance door opens in about 10 minutes.

[0016]

【Example】

 FIG. 1 shows an example of a ventilation structure according to the present invention. First, the overall structure will be described. 10 is a house, 11 is a main room on the first floor, 12 is a floor on the first floor, 14 is an outside air supply opening arranged on the floor 12 on the first floor, 15 is a central heater arranged in the main room 11, and 16 is a general heater. The living room 17 is an exhaust opening (ventilator). This exhaust opening 17 does not require a fan motor unlike a conventional ventilation system. Reference numeral 18 denotes an opening for introducing the air in the main room 11 into each room on the second floor.

Further, reference numeral 20 denotes an underfloor space, 21 denotes an intake pipe for introducing outside air, 22 and 23 denote end openings of the intake pipe, and 25 denotes a plurality of exhaust pipes connected to the exhaust openings 17 of each living room. , 26 is an aggregator for collecting the exhaust pipe 25 at one location, and 27 is one or more exhaust pipes for discharging the room exhaust collected by the aggregator 26 to the outside. Although the exhaust pipe 25 is arranged through a place as inconspicuous as possible, in FIG. 1, it is represented by a bold solid line for simple explanation of the principle.

Reference numeral 30 denotes a small fan motor disposed on the way of the exhaust pipe 27, 31 denotes an entrance door, and 32 denotes a blowout opening disposed immediately below the entrance door 31. A grill or the like for avoiding dust is arranged in the blowout opening 32.

Next, the configuration of the main components will be described. The outside air supply opening 14 provided in the floor opening 12 on the first floor may be small. This is because it is only necessary to be able to always achieve a ventilation state close to natural ventilation. The shape is also free. For example, it is a circle having a diameter of 5 to 10 cm, a square having a side of about 5 to 10 cm, or the like. This dimension will be designed according to the floor area of the house and the total amount of room space.

Further, it is desirable that the outside air supply opening 14 is provided near a central heater 15 (heating device) to directly supply air for heating. If a panel heater that uses electric or steam heat is used, it should be placed behind it so that residents do not feel cold directly.

The intake pipe 21 for introducing outside air may be short. Conventionally, it has been suggested that it is preferable to increase the outside air temperature by increasing the distance of this intake pipe, but in reality, the outside air temperature is expected to increase as long as the underfloor temperature is low. Not get. In the present invention, since the temperature of the underfloor space is raised by the exhaust heat, it is known that it is not necessary to forcibly heat the introduced outside air. Of course, in the present invention, it is natural that the introduction length can be increased as before. However, according to experiments, it was found that the purpose of introducing outside air could be achieved if the length was at most about 10 to 20 cm, and that the ventilation efficiency was not significantly affected thereafter.

The small fan motor 30 provided under the floor is provided on the path of the final exhaust pipe 27 and serves as a ventilation motor for the entire house. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a suction fan motor in the exhaust ventilator (17) in the living room.

It is desirable that the blow-out opening 32 provided near the entrance door 31 be provided directly below the entrance door 31 so as to blow air substantially horizontally to the ground. This is because the construction is easy and the efficiency in melting the snow around the vicinity is the highest. However, as shown in FIG. 2, a concave portion 41 is formed outside the entrance door 31, a rigid metal plate 45 having a mesh or a slit is arranged on the upper surface of the concave portion, and the snow is dropped into the concave portion 41 while falling. The snow in the recess may be melted by the exhaust. In the case where the recess 41 is provided, the problem of snow around the entrance door 31 can be solved very easily. However, the construction is complicated and cost is difficult, for example, a drain pipe is provided at the bottom of the recess to remove snow-melting water. Remains. It is desirable to appropriately select and design according to the user's request. Note that the exhaust pipe 27 may be branched downstream of the fan motor 30 and two outlet openings 32 may be provided.

Therefore, according to this configuration, as long as the fan motor 30 is operating, a small amount of air in each living room is gradually sucked through the exhaust pipe 25 per unit time, but passes through the underfloor space. Then, the air passes through an aggregator 26 and an exhaust pipe 27 and is discharged to the outside air from a blow-out opening 32 disposed immediately below an entrance door 31. The present invention is characterized in that a small fan motor 30 for applying a negative pressure to the room is provided downstream of the aggregator 26 under the floor, thereby enabling smooth control of the exhaust flow. . The whole structure can also be simplified. The fan motor 30 is arranged at a position deeper than the blow-out opening 32 near the entrance door, and is exclusively used for exhaust and does not perform suction of outside air, so that troubles such as dew condensation and freezing lock of the motor do not occur. Due to this exhaust heat, the snow around the entrance door 31 is always melted to such an extent that the opening and closing of the entrance door 31 is not hindered, and the quality of the house in a cold region can be remarkably improved.

On the other hand, a pressure difference is generated between the indoor space and the outside air due to the exhaust by the operation of the fan motor 30. Due to the negative pressure in the room, the air in the underfloor space 20 flows into the main room 11 through the outside air supply opening 14 arranged on the floor 12 on the first floor, and at the same time, the outside air outside is introduced into the underfloor space 20 through the intake pipe 21. .

In the present invention, the underfloor temperature is raised by passing the exhaust path under the floor. Therefore, the temperature of the air flowing into the main room 11 on the first floor through the outside air supply opening 14 on the floor on the first floor is maintained at a plus temperature in degrees Celsius, and the heat loss during ventilation due to the introduction of outside air can be minimized. This goes beyond simply saving fuel on the heating system. By increasing the underfloor temperature, it is possible to minimize the loss of exhaust heat and maximize the snowmelt efficiency around the entrance door. In addition, since each ventilator (17) does not require a fan motor and one ventilation fan (30) can provide near-natural ventilation, the equipment cost of the ventilator portion in each living room is surely reduced. It is desirable that the suction fan (30) is disposed downstream of the aggregator 26. If arranged upstream, the suction force tends to decrease, and it is difficult to increase the size of the device.

[0027]

[Effect of the invention]

 As described above, according to the ventilation intake / exhaust structure of the present invention, when the indoor air heated by the heating device is exhausted to the outside, the entrance door is designed to minimize the heat loss of exhaust heat. It is possible to melt the surrounding snow, which can significantly reduce the trouble of snowfall days in houses in cold regions.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a principle view illustrating a ventilation structure of a house according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view showing another embodiment of the outlet opening around the entrance door according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a principle diagram illustrating a conventional house ventilation structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 House 11 Main room 12 Floor of the first floor 14 Outside air supply opening 15 Central heater 16 General living room 17 Exhaust opening 20 Underfloor space 21 Intake pipe 22, 23 End opening 25 Exhaust pipe 26 Aggregator 27 Exhaust pipe 30 Fan motor 31 entrance door 32 outlet 41 recess 45 metal plate

Claims (2)

[Utility model registration claims] An intake opening for introducing outside air into a house and an intake path connected to the intake opening, an exhaust opening for discharging indoor air outside the room, and an exhaust path connected to the exhaust opening are provided. A ventilation path for a house, wherein the intake path introduces outside air into the underfloor space and circulates the air in the underfloor space into the house, while the exhaust path aggregates the air in each room in the underfloor space, A ventilation intake / exhaust path structure for ventilation in a house in a cold region, wherein the integrated exhaust is discharged at a location near the outside of the entrance door. 2. The air intake / exhaust path structure for ventilation in a house in a cold region according to claim 1, wherein the terminal outlet of the exhaust path is disposed immediately below the entrance door so as to blow air substantially parallel to the ground. .