JP3057024B2 - Building temperature control structure - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a temperature control structure of a building having a space below the floor, such as a general house, and particularly to a temperature control medium circulation type building.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Even with the development of heating technology, spot heating of a specific room or location using simple heating means such as an oil stove or an electric kotatsu is still widely performed in ordinary houses and nursing homes. ing. Spot heating causes dew condensation in non-heating areas such as closets if the heat insulation of the building is insufficient.When moving from a heating room to a non-heating room, the temperature difference between the two rooms is large even if it is slight There is a problem that a person feels a lot of cold due to a difference in the perceived temperature. Even with the cooling technology, there is no condensation in summer, but the problem of the perceived temperature difference based on spot cooling is the same as in the case of heating.

[0003] Central temperature control systems and floor cooling and heating systems
Despite overcoming the spot cooling and heating problems described above, their currently widespread structures are generally very expensive and have the disadvantage of high operating costs throughout the year.

[0004] For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-272235 discloses a special temperature control structure in order to solve the above-mentioned problem of spot heating by an oil stove or the like. In the temperature control structure, the attic space and the underfloor space communicate with each other to circulate air, and the entire building is uniformly heated at a high temperature of the underfloor space heated by the hot water pipe. At that time, the underfloor space is heated by the concrete with a built-in hot water pipe that forms the bottom surface of the underfloor space.

[0005] The concrete in the above-mentioned known art is as follows.
The whole lower surface is covered with heat insulating material and is isolated from the ground. This isolation is extremely common sense for those skilled in the art from the standpoint of heating concrete efficiently with a hot water pipe. However, contrary to the common sense, the present inventors have found that if at least a part of the lower surface of concrete is brought into direct contact with the ground without applying heat insulating material, the temperature control operation cost throughout the four seasons is rather low, and the human experience The unexpected knowledge that comfortable temperature control can be performed in terms of temperature was obtained.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been developed and completed on the basis of the above-mentioned new knowledge, and an object of the present invention is to control the temperature of a building in which the operating costs are low over the four seasons. It is to provide a structure.

[0007]

The present invention has the following features. (1) The attic space and the underfloor space communicate with each other via a temperature control medium circulation passage arranged so that at least a desired location in the building can control the temperature, and the bottom of the underfloor space is heated by heating means or heating. It is made of concrete having cooling means , and the concrete has an insulated portion at the end and a non-insulated portion at the center.
The heat-insulating part is insulated on the side wall and lower surface.
Material and the non-insulated area is perpendicular to the surface
Toka at least 50mm underground near Ru horizontal plane from the surface and the ground surface
Rannahli in contact with the ground without passing through the heat insulating material, contact to have a surface area corresponding to 30-95% of the bottom area of the floor space below
<RTIgt; A </ RTI> structure for controlling the temperature of a building, wherein the tip of the heat insulating material layer penetrates into a non-insulated part . (2) Most or all of the outer walls of the building are double walls
(1) The temperature control structure of the building described. (3) The temperature control structure of a building according to the above (1) or (2), further comprising a temperature control medium circulation forcing means.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is intended to temperature control by circulating temperature control medium the entire building, or an entire temperature control desired location of the building between the attic space and underfloor space, insulation region and the non Interruption
It is characterized in that the non-insulated portion of the concrete, which is composed of the heat portion, is brought into contact with the ground without the intervention of a heat insulating material to effectively use the geothermal energy. By this effective use of geothermal energy, the object of the present invention is achieved for the following reasons.

[0009] The ground surface directly below the building, especially the ground underneath,
It maintains a stable temperature close to the average annual temperature throughout the four seasons. In the following, the ground surface temperature and the underground temperature thereunder are collectively referred to as ground temperature. In the present invention, the concrete constituting the bottom of the underfloor space has at least a part of its lower surface in contact with the ground, so unless special heating or cooling is applied from the outside, the ground temperature or a temperature close thereto, in other words, the annual average Keep the temperature close to the temperature. Thus, the underfloor space is also maintained at that temperature. Therefore, the temperature of the underfloor space is generally higher than the outside air temperature during the period from late autumn when heating is performed to early spring through winter, while
In summer when cooling is required, it is lower than the outside air temperature. As a result, even if the concrete in the present invention is not subjected to special heating or cooling from the outside, the entire building is made up of only the ground temperature, that is, the geothermal temperature, in the winter season, higher than the outside air temperature, and in the summer season, lower than the outside air temperature. Will be done. By the way, generally, a person strongly desires a cheerful room temperature of about April to May in winter, so that only the above-mentioned natural temperature control is still chilly, and conversely, in summer, the temperature is slightly lower than the outside air temperature. I still feel cool. For this reason, in the present invention,
As a winter measure, a heating means is provided so that concrete can be externally heated in addition to natural temperature control. In the summer, favorable natural temperature control can be achieved only by the ground temperature via concrete for the above-mentioned reason. In addition, the present invention is particularly effective in late autumn. Normally, human skin exposed to high temperatures in the summer starts to require heating in late autumn when indoor cooling is large, and the concrete of the present invention acts to prevent such indoor cooling.

If the entire lower surface of the concrete is insulated as in the technique of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-272235, the temperature of the concrete fluctuates following the temperature of the outside air. As a high-temperature promoter,
In late autumn and winter, they function inversely as cooling aids, and extra cooling and heating are required to counteract such adverse functions. On the other hand, according to the present invention, the temperature of the building can be controlled at an operation cost much lower than that of the related art when the above-mentioned geothermal energy is effectively used and viewed over the four seasons.

In the case of a single-family private house, the entire building is usually subjected to temperature control regardless of the number of floors. In some cases, for example, only half of the building may be subject to temperature control. The present invention can be applied to the whole building or any part thereof. Therefore, the meaning of "building" in the following description is understood as the whole or part of the building to be temperature-controlled, and in the latter case, each component of the present invention refers to the building to be temperature-controlled. Will be applicable. Therefore, the temperature control medium circulation passage is arranged so that at least a desired location in the building can control the temperature and communicates the attic space and the underfloor space. The position of the temperature control medium circulation passage and the number of passages are arbitrary as long as the object of the present invention is achieved, but the number of passages is preferably one or more, particularly preferably two or more. Further, it is preferable to provide two or more passages immediately inside the outer wall of the building. For example, when a space is provided between the inner surface of the outer wall and the outer wall of the temperature-controlled room, the space is provided, and when one surface of the temperature-controlled room is a glass window also serving as the outer wall of the building, the space is provided. Each of the temperature control chambers is used as a temperature control medium circulation passage. When the outer wall of the building is a double wall or a double glass window, it is preferable to provide a temperature control medium circulation passage inside the double wall or the inner wall of the glass window.

[0012] The concrete is not particularly limited in its shape and constituent material as long as it can perform the above-mentioned functions.
It may be as well-known as a conventional concrete buried floor heating device or the like. Furthermore, there is no particular limitation on the shape of the upper and lower surfaces of concrete. The upper surface, that is, the bottom surface of the underfloor space is generally a flat surface that is easy to construct,
The lower surface can be arbitrarily and easily set to a desired shape according to the ground excavation policy at the start of building construction. At this time, at least a part of the lower surface is constructed in contact with the ground without interposing a heat insulating material. The area of the lower surface that is in contact with the ground without the interposition of the heat insulating material (hereinafter, the lower surface is referred to as a concrete grounding lower surface or simply a grounding lower surface in the present invention) is too small to achieve the object of the present invention. At least 30% of the total area of the concrete underside, especially at least 5
It is preferably set to 0%. The entire area of the concrete lower surface may be the ground lower surface, but it is desirable that a part of the concrete lower surface be insulated so that the temperature of the outside air does not directly affect the temperature under the floor. For this reason, the area of the ground contact surface is 95% or less of the total area of the concrete bottom surface,
In particular, it is recommended to be 80% or less. In this case, the portion of the lower surface of the concrete to which the heat insulating material is applied is preferably a portion located immediately below the outer wall of a building that is easily affected by the outside air temperature and in the vicinity of the periphery thereof. When the ground contact surface has a non-parallel surface, for example, an inclined surface or a vertical surface, the non-parallel surface is also counted as the area of the contact surface.

The ground contact surface of the concrete may be provided in contact with the surface of the ground, but is preferably a depth at which the temperature of the ground is more stable throughout the four seasons.
At a depth D value of at least about 50 mm,
Further, it is provided at a depth of at least about 100 mm.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in more detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged sectional view of FIG.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, H is a building whose temperature is to be controlled. The building H has an attic space 1, an underfloor space 2, a temperature control medium circulation passage 3, concrete 4 having a heat storage function serving as a bottom of the underfloor space 2, and rooms R <b> 1 and R <b> 2. In the building H, all of the side walls and roof other than the window W1 of the room R2, the underfloor damper W2 provided on the side wall of the underfloor space 2, and the ridge damper W3 have a double-wall structure as shown in FIG. The side is located below ground surface G.

The temperature control medium circulation passage 3 includes a passage 31 between the outer wall of the room R1 and the double side wall of the building H, and a window W1 of the room R2.
A passage 32 between the outer wall other than the outside wall and the double side wall of the building H, and a passage 33 between the outer walls of the room R1 and the room R2, and the attic space 1 and the underfloor space 2 have these three passages 31. Through 33. In the passage 33, a temperature control medium circulation forcing means 331 including a blower 332 and a pipe section 333 is installed.
As necessary, a temperature control medium in the building H, usually air,
Is forcibly transferred from the attic space 1 to the underfloor space 2 or vice versa.

The concrete 4 has heat insulating portions 41 at both ends.
And a non-heat insulating portion 42 at the center. The side wall surface and the lower surface of the heat insulating portion 41 are covered with a heat insulating material layer HI.
Therefore, the side wall surface and the lower surface buried in the ground of the heat insulating portion 41 are kept insulated from the ground by the heat insulating material layer HI. On the other hand, the entire lower surface of the non-insulated portion 42 corresponds to the ground lower surface, which is a surface 4 perpendicular to the surface G.
21 and a horizontal surface 422, both surfaces of which are heat insulating material layers H
I is in contact with the ground without being covered by I. In order to prevent moisture and moisture in the ground from penetrating into the heat insulating material layer HI and hindering the heat insulating effect, the front end of the heat insulating material layer HI is, as shown in FIG. Is digging into.

Examples of the constituent material of the heat insulating material layer HI include porous inorganic materials such as rock wool, glass wool, vermiculite, and shirasu balloon; organic polymer foams such as polyethylene, polystyrene, and polyurethane; An example is a non-permeable sheet that is made of a heat-insulating material such as paper and is optionally waterproofed.

The non-insulated portion 42 of the concrete 4 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG.
02, a spacer 403 such as an iron wire, a wire mesh 404, and concrete 405. EH
Is a heater unit composed of a heating wire fixed on the wire mesh 404. Spacer 40
3. Wire mesh 404 and heater unit E
Each space between each heating wire of H is concrete 405
Is filled with The heat insulating part 41 has the same configuration as the non-heat insulating part 42 except that it has a heat insulating material layer HI on the lower surface. As the waterproof sheet 402, a sheet having substantially no heat insulating effect, for example, a thin sheet of polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, or the like, or an asphalt-coated cloth is suitable.
This may not be necessary in some cases.

The fact that most of the outer walls of the building H, especially at least 80%, and even all of them, have a double-walled structure has a significant effect in further enhancing the above-described operation of the present invention. Further, it is preferable that the window also has a double glass structure. Instead of the outer wall of the building H having a double wall structure, a layer of a heat insulating material similar to the constituent material of the above-described heat insulating material layer HI may be provided inside and / or outside the outer wall.

As a modification of the temperature control medium circulation passage 3, a part of the temperature control medium circulation passage may be a part of a room in the building to be subjected to temperature control. Such a room is provided with a ventilation hole that opens to the temperature control medium circulation passage on the ceiling, side wall, floor, or the like. In this case, the room may be contaminated by the circulating air flow as the temperature control medium. In such a case, the underfloor damper W2 and the ridge damper W3 shown in FIG. 1 are useful for ventilation.

The following is an operation example of the temperature control device of the present invention. First, in the winter season, the heat storage concrete 4 is heated by the heater unit EH using inexpensive nighttime electric power. The degree of heating is as follows:
Before cutting H, the concrete 4 is made to reach, for example, about 25 to 60 ° C. Then, during the day, the air in the underfloor space 2 is heated by the concrete 4, and natural convection indicated by an arrow in FIG. 1 is generated through the temperature control medium circulation passage 3, thus uniformly heating the entire inside of the building H. Is done. When the temperature of the concrete 4 decreases in the evening or at night, the heater unit EH is operated again to heat the concrete 4, and the same heating is repeated thereafter.

In the late autumn, the same natural convection as described above occurs due to the heating function using only the concrete 4 that maintains the temperature higher than the outside air temperature without operating the heater unit EH, and the entire building H is uniformly heated. Is done.

On the other hand, in summer, cooling is performed by the concrete 4 which maintains a temperature lower than the outside air temperature. In that case, it is preferable that the temperature control medium circulation forcing means 331 be operated to efficiently forcibly transfer the low-temperature, and thus high-specific-gravity air in the underfloor space 2 to the attic space 1.

As a heating means installed on the concrete 4, a hot water pipe can be mentioned in addition to the heater unit EH composed of a heating wire. When using a hot water pipe as the heating means, connect the hot water pipe to a separately provided hot water source tank and circulate hot water heated to the required high temperature by inexpensive nighttime power between the hot water pipe and the hot water source tank. Let it.

Instead of the heating means installed on the concrete 4, a heating-cooling means is also used. The heating / cooling means is capable of heating the concrete 4 as well as cooling instead of heating. For example, the heating / cooling means has the same structure as the above-mentioned hot water pipe, but circulates in the hot water source tank. An example is a pipe that can change the temperature of water and can be used for both heating and cooling. The heating-cooling means is effective in optimizing the temperature control in the building when the amount of heat of the concrete 4 is insufficient or excessive. In particular, it is effective to operate as a cooling means during an unusually hot day in summer. In the present invention, the installation location of the heating means or the heating / cooling means may be inside the concrete 4 as shown in FIG. 1 or on the surface thereof.

[0027]

The present invention makes effective use of geothermal energy that maintains a stable temperature close to the annual average temperature throughout the four seasons.
Compared with the conventional central temperature control system and floor cooling / heating system, the operating expenses throughout the four seasons are cheaper, the construction is simple and the construction cost is low, and the temperature inside the building is controlled uniformly and comfortably throughout the four seasons. It has excellent effects such as being able to.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged sectional view of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 H Building subject to temperature control 1 Attic space 2 Underfloor space 3 Temperature control medium circulation passage 4 Concrete 41 Insulated part of concrete 4 Non-insulated part of concrete 4 HI insulation material layer EH heater unit

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Junichi Kai 3-4-1 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo New International Building Inside the Tokyo Office of Mitsubishi Cable Industries, Ltd. (72) Inventor Kazuo Kinoshita 4 Ikejiri, Itami-shi, Hyogo Prefecture No. 3 in the Itami Works of Mitsubishi Electric Wire & Cable Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kazuhiro Ikehata 1-25-21 Koyo, Fukui City, Fukui Prefecture (56) References JP-A-8-74344 (JP, A) 2-272235 (JP, A) JP-A-4-366372 (JP, A) JP-A-6-54807 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F24F 3/00 E04B 1/74 F24D 5/10

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. An attic space and an underfloor space communicate with each other via a temperature control medium circulation passage arranged so that at least a desired location in a building can be controlled in temperature. It consists of concrete with heating-cooling means, and the concrete is insulated at the end and at the center.
It consists of a non-insulated area, and the insulated area is
The surface is covered with a layer of insulation, and the non-insulated
At least 50mm underground near the plane perpendicular and surface Te Ru horizontal
It consists of a a surface in contact with the ground without passing through the heat insulating material,
Have the area corresponding to 30-95% of the bottom area of the floor space below
And the tip of the thermal insulation layer cuts into the non-insulated area
Temperature control structure of the building, characterized in that out. 2. The temperature control structure for a building according to claim 1, wherein most or all of the outer wall of the building is a double wall. 3. The temperature control structure of a building according to claim 1, further comprising a temperature control medium circulation forcing means.