JP3050190U - Underwater work space creation maintenance device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] To create a work space for inspecting and repairing a structure immersed in water safely and easily with a simple structure, easy handling, and low cost. A waterproof pressure-resistant shell (1) having an entrance and exit of a person and an object at an appropriate place, opening a surface facing an underwater structure, and attaching a water stop buffer packing (2) around the open surface.
Has a pressure receiving area for receiving a water pressure of twice or more the buoyancy, and has a cross-sectional shape that becomes narrower as the distance from the surface in contact with the underwater structure is reduced.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 This invention relates to an underwater working space creation and maintenance device for inspecting or repairing a structure submerged in water.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 In the past, underwater work always involves water, and it is common practice that the work is carried out in water, considering it to be inadequate.Therefore, various underwater work such as welding, painting, and measurement in water is urgent. It was carried out wet in water, knowing that only indispensable materials were inferior in finish, strength and durability.

[0003] On the other hand, as a construction method of removing water, a floating structure such as a ship is constructed by putting a structure in a dry dock and draining water in the dry dock, or a fixed structure. There are methods of constructing a temporary dike around the building and draining water from the dike, etc. for construction, but all of these methods are very costly and labor-intensive at present. Even though the quality of the construction is not satisfactory, it is currently underwater exclusively.

In some cases, a box-shaped object is attached to an underwater structure in order to form a working space in water. However, this is done by fixing the underwater structure and the box-shaped object using a fixture. Therefore, it is intended for limited objects such as a steel sheet pile wall to which a fixing device is attached, and it is a disadvantage that it takes a lot of trouble and cost for fixing.

[0005]

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

 In the case of the above-mentioned conventional method, there is a problem that requires the following solution. [1] A case where the work is performed in a wet condition in water without providing a work space. (A) Satisfactory quality cannot be obtained. (B) It is dangerous. (C) Management supervision is not possible. (D) Special skills are required. (E) Poor work efficiency. (F) The work cannot be performed if the water flow and tide are fast. (G) Work time is restricted.

[2] A case where water is removed by a conventional method for construction. (A) It costs a lot of money. (B) Construction takes time and days. (C) Extensive equipment is required. (D) If the construction site is deep, it cannot be handled. Many problems have been pointed out.

[0007]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a waterproof structure that can be securely fixed to a required place below the surface of an underwater structure only by water pressure without using a special mounting device. The cross section of the pressure shell is streamlined to reduce the effects of water flow, and the water applied to the waterproof pressure shell is considered especially so that the pressure receiving area of the water pressure is as large as possible with respect to the formed working space volume. The safety is ensured by setting the pressure at least twice the buoyancy of the waterproof pressure-resistant shell.

[0008]

[Embodiment of the invention]

 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a watertight pressure hull that covers a required area below the surface of the underwater structure, providing an entrance and exit for people and objects at appropriate places, and a surface facing the underwater structure. The watertight buffer packing is attached to the periphery of the open surface, and the waterproof buffer packing is brought into contact with an underwater structure to drain the water inside the waterproof pressure-resistant shell. When creating a watertight pressure hull, the waterproof pressure hull has a pressure receiving area where it is pressed against the above-mentioned underwater structure by receiving a water pressure of at least twice the buoyancy, and its cross-sectional shape is reduced as it goes away from the surface in contact with the underwater structure. , A work space creation and maintenance device underwater.

[0009] The person and the object entrance and exit provided in the waterproof pressure-resistant shell are formed to communicate with the atmosphere, or a double waterproof door is provided at a part submerged in water, and a ventilation pipe communicating with the atmosphere is separately provided at an appropriate place. In some cases.

[0010]

【Example】

 The details will be described below with reference to the drawings. First Embodiment FIGS. 1 to 3 show a first embodiment, FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view, FIG. 2 shows a use state, and FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section in a use state. This explains the state of water pressure acting on (1).

The waterproof pressure-resistant shell (1) has a trapezoidal planar shape, is inclined on both sides, and expands toward the front side in contact with the wall surface of the underwater structure (S). A waterproof buffer packing (2) is attached to the peripheral edge on the front side, and an opening on the upper surface is an entrance and exit for people and goods, and a pouring and discharging port (3) protruding upward is provided inside. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, a waterproof waterproof packing (2) is applied with the front open side facing the underwater structure (S), and the internal water is drained while the upper surface is open to the atmosphere. The shell (1) receives water pressure from the back side and strongly presses the water-stop buffer packing (2) against the underwater structure (S) to prevent water from entering, thereby forming a work space inside.

Next, the water pressure acting on the waterproof pressure-resistant shell (1) will be described. The dimensions of the waterproof pressure-resistant shell (1) shown in FIG. 1 are 5 m wide × 4 m high × 0.8 m thick, the angle of the trapezoid is 45 °, and the submerged height is 3 m as shown in FIG. Then, the volume of the waterproofing pressure hull (1) water deaths moiety, (5m-0.8m) × 3m × 0.8m = 10.08m 3 next, 10.08 tons of buoyancy in the waterproof pressure hull (1) Works.

The water pressure that presses the waterproof pressure-resistant shell (1) against the underwater structure (S) is such that a force of 0.15 kg / cm ^{2 at} a depth of 3 m acts on a 5 m × 3 m submerged portion as shown in FIG. A force of 500 cm × 300 cm × 0.15 kg = 22,500 kg = 22.5 tons acts on the waterproof pressure-resistant shell (1). Therefore, the ratio of buoyancy to pressing force acting on the waterproof pressure-resistant shell (1) is: 08: 22.5. If the ratio between the buoyancy and the pressing force due to the water pressure is twice or more, it is possible to work safely in the internal working space.

The above calculation does not take into account the weight of the waterproof pressure-resistant shell (1) and the weights of workers and equipment, so that the buoyancy actually becomes a smaller value, and the ratio of buoyancy to pressing force becomes large. Safety increases. In addition, when the waterproof pressure hull (1) of the present invention is used in a deep place in the water, the water pressure acting on the waterproof hull increases, so that the degree of water leakage increases, but at the same time, the force pressing the waterproof buffer packing (2) also increases in proportion. As the water level increases, the water stopping power increases, preventing water leakage. However, it is needless to say that the waterproof pressure-resistant shell (1) must have enough strength to withstand strong water pressure.

[Second Embodiment] FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment in use, and the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals. This second embodiment is applied to the horizontal surface of an underwater structure (S), and is provided with a waterproof buffer packing (2) at the peripheral edge of the open surface of a waterproof pressure-resistant shell (1) having a falling bowl shape and an open lower surface. ) Is attached, and a cylindrical entrance (4) communicating with the atmosphere is provided at the center of the upper surface, and a filling port (3) is provided in the entrance (4). The functions and operations are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the description is omitted.

Third Embodiment FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a third embodiment in use, and the same components as those in the first and second embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals. . This third embodiment is applied to the lower surface of an underwater structure (S). Contrary to FIG. 4, the waterproof cushioning shell (1) having an open upper surface is provided with a waterproof buffer packing at the peripheral edge of the open surface. (2) is attached. In the case of the third embodiment, since it is difficult to provide a doorway communicating with the atmosphere, a double waterproof door (5) is provided at the bottom to provide a doorway for people and objects from underwater, and to separately communicate with the atmosphere. The difference from the first and second embodiments is that a ventilation pipe (6) is provided.

In the embodiment of the present invention, even if the structure to be constructed is of an irregular shape, it can be handled by matching the shape of the peripheral edge of the waterproof pressure-resistant shell (1) with the shape of the structure. is there. Also, if the water depth of the place of use is too deep and excessive water pressure is applied to the waterproof pressure-resistant shell (1), pressurize the inside to an appropriate pressure instead of atmospheric pressure to mitigate the effect of excessive pressing force. Can be.

The waterproof pressure-resistant shell shown in the above embodiment is hung by using a crane or the like so that a waterproof buffer packing is brought into contact with a required place of the underwater structure, and the inside of the waterproof pressure-resistant shell is drained by a drain pump. As the water level difference from the outside increases, the waterproof pressure-resistant hull is pressed against the underwater structure by water pressure, and when all the water inside is drained, the pressure due to the water pressure is maximized, and The packing is pressed strongly to stop the water, and at the same time, provides a buffer between the underwater structure and the waterproof pressure hull.

At this time, the buoyancy received by the waterproof pressure-resistant shell is proportional to the volume of the internal space, and the force for pressing the waterproof pressure-resistant shell against the underwater structure is a value obtained by multiplying the area of the contact surface by the water pressure. If the pressing force is twice or more, it is possible to work safely in the work space that communicates with the atmosphere by the entrance and exit of the person and the object formed inside or the ventilation pipe.

Further, by reducing the cross-sectional shape of the waterproof pressure-resistant shell as the distance from the suction surface increases, the volume, that is, the buoyancy can be reduced with respect to the open surface having the same pressure receiving area. On the other hand, a stable self-adsorption can be obtained by bringing the buoyancy center of gravity action point closer to the adsorption surface. In addition, the outer surface is streamlined with no irregularities, and the flow resistance is low, and the generation of Karman vortex, which causes resonance, can be suppressed to prevent fatigue failure.

[0021]

[Effect of the invention]

 The present invention is embodied in the form described above and has the following effects.

[0022] The waterproof pressure hull of the present invention is configured to receive water pressure more than twice the buoyancy to be fixed to the underwater structure, so that there is no need for any device to reduce the buoyancy such as mounting fixtures and ballast tanks. It is very easy to fix underwater structures of any material, such as concrete and steel, just by draining the inside, and it is possible to easily create and maintain a working space underwater. Has the greatest features.

Since the outer surface has a streamlined shape by reducing the cross-sectional shape of the waterproof pressure-resistant shell as the distance from the suction surface increases, the flow resistance is reduced, and the influence of the tidal current and the water flow is minimized. It can also be used in the sea below or in the waves.

Since a work space can be easily formed in an underwater structure by being attached to an underwater structure, work that has been conventionally performed in water can be performed under the same conditions as when it is performed on land, thereby improving work efficiency and improving work efficiency. Quality construction is possible.

[0025] Compared to underwater construction, there is no danger and work can be performed safely, and special construction technology for underwater construction is not required.

[0026] Since the supervision and supervision of the construction can be performed directly by the person in charge, reliable construction can be performed.

The work can be performed for a long time without being restricted by the work time, and can be used in any place such as a vertical surface, a horizontal surface, a back surface, and a deep place.

It is economical because a local construction can be dealt with at any time, and a long-time work can be continuously performed without being restricted by a work time.

The structure is simplified and the weight is reduced, and it can be provided at low cost and can be used easily.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the inside.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a use state of the underwater work space creation and maintenance device shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the center longitudinal section in FIG. 2, showing a water pressure state acting on a waterproof pressure-resistant shell.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional side view of a use state showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional side view of a use state showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waterproof pressure-resistant shell 2 Packing for waterproof buffer 3 Injection / drainage port 4 Doorway 5 Double waterproof door 6 Vent

Claims (3)

[Utility model registration claims] 1. A door and a door for a person and an object are provided at an appropriate place of a waterproof pressure-resistant shell that locally covers a required place below the surface of the underwater structure, and a surface facing the underwater structure is opened. When a waterproofing gasket is attached to the periphery of the surface and the waterproofing gasket is brought into contact with an underwater structure to drain the water inside the waterproof pressure-resistant shell, a working space is created. Underwater characterized in that it has a pressure receiving area for compressing the pressure hull to the underwater structure by receiving a water pressure of at least twice the buoyancy, and the cross-sectional shape is reduced as the distance from the surface in contact with the underwater structure is reduced. Work space creation maintenance device. 2. The underwater working space creation / maintenance device according to claim 1, wherein an entrance and exit of a person and an object provided on the waterproof pressure-resistant shell are formed to communicate with the atmosphere. 3. The watertight pressure hull according to claim 1, wherein the doors for persons and objects provided on the waterproof pressure-resistant shell are provided with a double waterproof door at a portion submerged in water, and a ventilation pipe communicating with the atmosphere is separately provided at an appropriate place. Work space creation and maintenance device underwater.