JP3038474B2 - Method and apparatus for measuring the amount of soil loaded on an earth moving ship - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for measuring the amount of soil loaded on an earth transport ship, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for measuring a large amount of earth loaded on an earth transport ship in a large-scale construction in a short time and with high accuracy. It is about.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There are the following methods for measuring a large amount of soil loaded on an earth carrier.

(1) Measurement by human power

[0004] A large number of workers stand on the loading soil on board,
The level of the loaded soil is measured to determine the cross section of the loaded soil, and this is multiplied by the measurement interval to determine the total loaded soil volume.

(2) Measurement by draft

The weight of the loaded soil is measured by measuring the draft of the soil carrier before and after the soil is input, and the weight of the loaded soil is determined by dividing the weight by the apparent specific gravity of the loaded soil set in advance.

(3) Measurement by an ultrasonic range finder

An array of ultrasonic transducers is arranged above the lower part of the earth and sand (ship loader), the shape of the surface of the soil loaded on the soil carrier is measured at the same time, and the cross section of the loaded soil is obtained. Find the amount of soil loaded.

(4) Measurement by a lightwave range finder

[0010] An array of light wave ranging devices is arranged above the ship loader to simultaneously measure the shape of the loading soil surface of the soil carrier, or one light wave ranging device is turned to determine the sectional shape of the loading soil. Is multiplied by the measurement interval to determine the total amount of soil loaded.

[0011]

However, the above-mentioned conventional method has the following disadvantages.

(1) Measurement by human power

A. There is a danger of falling accident because the worker goes up to the slope of soil and performs measurement work.

B. Since the measurement is performed on the slope of the earth and sand, there is a personal variation in the measurement per point, and the measurement accuracy of the loaded soil amount is poor because the total number of measurement points is small.

C. 10 to measure after loading soil
A measurement time of about 20 minutes is required.

D. The measurement point interval (mesh) is rough, making it difficult to measure soil volume with high accuracy.

(2) Draft measurement

A. It is difficult to set the apparent specific gravity accurately, for example, the apparent specific gravity of the loaded soil varies.

B. Due to the sway of the waves, the height measurement accuracy of the draft surface is poor.

(3) Measurement by ultrasonic rangefinder

A. It is difficult to correct the temperature to cope with the temperature change, and the measurement accuracy decreases.

B. Since it is difficult to narrow the directivity angle of the ultrasonic wave, the measurement accuracy of the slope is poor.

C. The height is calculated by measuring the time until the transmitted ultrasonic wave is reflected from the reflecting surface and returns.When the reflected intensity exceeds a certain level, it is determined that there is a reflected signal. If the surface is tilted or has irregularities, the measured values will vary and the measurement accuracy will be poor.

D. The measurement point interval (mesh) is rough, making it difficult to measure the total soil volume with high accuracy.

(4) Measurement by Lightwave Rangefinder

A. When one light wave range finder is turned to measure the surface height of the earth and sand, the horizontal angle measurement is not accurate due to the influence of vibration when the earth and sand is dropped.

B. The system is expensive.

C. The measurement point interval (mesh) is rough, making it difficult to measure the total soil volume with high accuracy.

D. It is necessary to set a reference point on the earth transport ship, and it is necessary to correct for tide levels and waves.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and in the work of efficiently transporting a large amount of soil in a large-scale construction, the safety of workers can be ensured and accurate measurement can be performed in a short time. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for measuring the amount of soil loaded on an earth transport ship, in which a value can be obtained automatically in a fine manner.

[0031]

According to the present invention, there is provided a method for measuring the amount of earth loaded on an earth transport ship, comprising the steps of:
A soil carrier is placed on each side, and sediment is loaded on one of the ships
While the shape of the sediment loaded on this one
Use a digital camera to capture the shape of the remaining earth on the other carrier
Taken with square of the digital camera, the stereo image data transmitted to the computer, loading earth of one of the soil luck ship by the stereo image measuring principle in computers and other soil luck Ship
Is characterized in that the cross section of the remaining soil is measured to calculate the amount of soil to be loaded and the amount of remaining soil of the earth transport ship.

[0032]

[0033]

The apparatus for measuring the amount of soil loaded on an earth transport ship according to the present invention comprises a ship loader, an arm extending laterally from the ship loader, and an arm extending above the earth and sand dropping port provided on the ship loader. And two computers arranged at a predetermined distance from each other and a computer for processing information of the digital cameras based on a principle of stereo image measurement to calculate the amount of sediment loaded on the earth transport ship. Features.

Further, the apparatus for measuring the amount of earth loaded on an earth transport ship according to the present invention comprises a ship loader, a shuttle and an arm extending to both sides from the ship loader, and Two digital cameras arranged at a predetermined distance from each other on an arm; information on the digital cameras being processed according to a stereo image measurement principle; And a computer for calculating the amount of soil left on the ship.

The arm is provided on the upstream side and the downstream side of the ship loader in the moving direction of the ship loader with respect to the earth and sand discharge port, respectively, and the ship loader discharges the earth and sand when going forward and backward.

The digital camera is characterized in that it is inclined in a direction other than the direction in which the earth and sand discharge port is directed.

[0038]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a method and an apparatus for measuring a loaded soil amount in soil transportation according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, soil carriers 3a and 3b can be berthed on both sides of a pier 2 provided with a vertically movable ship loader 1, respectively. Shuttles 4a, 4a extended from the ship loader 1 so as to inject earth and sand into the earth carriers 3a, 3b.
4b, the ship loader 1 and the arm 6 above the both sides of the earth and sand discharge ports 5a and 5b, for example, at a height of 30 m from the sea level.
a, 6a, 6b, 6b are extended in the lateral direction, and two digital cameras 7 are laterally separated from the distal ends of the arms 6a, 6a, 6b, 6b by a predetermined distance, for example, 1 m. Arrange so that the earth and sand on 3b can be photographed.

Reference numeral 8 denotes the loaded earth and sand.

Since the method and apparatus for measuring the amount of soil loaded on an earth-shipping ship according to the present invention have the above-described configuration, the earth-shipping ships 3a and 3b are berthed on both sides of the pier 2, and The earth and sand loaded on the ship while the earth and sand are being loaded is photographed by the one digital camera 7, and at the same time, the remaining soil of the earth-shipping ship berthed to another port is photographed by the other digital camera. By processing, the cross-sectional shapes of the remaining soil and the full soil are created with a predetermined mesh, and a difference between the two is calculated to obtain a correct amount of the loaded soil.

It is preferable to previously register the ship name dimensions and the like of the earth carrier in a computer database.

The digital camera pair is installed at a height where both sides of the earth transport ship can be seen from the side, and the direction of the camera is dropped so as not to photograph the earth and sand from the earth and sand inlet of the shuttle. Slightly tilt in a direction other than the direction in which the mouth points.

Note that the ship's shadow based on the principle of measuring a stereo image obtained by one photographing is tilted, and its dimensions and its measurement range are unknown. Therefore, identifying the side by image analysis,
The ship is redrawn in a horizontal state, the size data of the corresponding ship registered in the database is taken out, the drawing is compared with the drawing, and the actual size is assigned to the drawing.

If it is not possible to photograph the entire shadow of the ship at once, photograph at appropriate intervals in the bow and stern direction, and when all photographing is completed, verify the end of each image and create the surface shape of the earth and sand. .

In the case where the ship loader 1 loads earth and sand on the earth transport ship while reciprocating, the mounted earth and sand is always photographed by the digital camera 7 installed on the arm located on the upstream side, and is taken on the downstream side. Is not used. Therefore, the digital camera on the downstream side is unnecessary when the loading of earth and sand is determined by the one-way movement of the ship loader 1.

In the present invention, since two digital cameras separated by a predetermined distance are used for simultaneous photographing, the use of the principle of triangulation eliminates the need to provide a reference point on the earth transport ship.

The measurement control flow of the present invention is, for example, as shown in FIG. The data flow and processing flow are as shown in FIG.

[0049]

As described above, the method and the apparatus for measuring the amount of soil loaded on an earth transport ship according to the present invention have the following effects.

(A) Since the amount of soil loaded can be measured without the worker entering the ship's hull, the worker's safety can be ensured at night and in stormy weather.

[0051] (b) System configuration is simple, because ancillary facilities were of system installation may only camera support frame, can configure the system in a commercial product, the price of the system is relatively inexpensive, maintenance is easy is there.

(C) If the installation height of the camera and the interval between the camera pair are appropriately set, high-precision measurement is possible.

(D) Since the surface shape of the soil can be subdivided and measured according to the principle of stereo image measurement, highly accurate measurement of the amount of soil to be loaded can be performed in a short time.

(E) If the camera pair distance is known, a reference point (mark) is not required on the earth transport ship.

(F) If a shutter speed of about 1/100 second is used, even if there is some vibration, the measurement accuracy is not affected.

(G) The relationship between the camera pair and the earth transport vessel can be set arbitrarily, and there are few restrictions on measurement.

(H) Since digital image data is obtained, cross-sectional data can be created in real time.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a device for measuring the amount of loaded soil in an earth transport ship according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of an apparatus for measuring the amount of loaded soil in an earth transport ship according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for measuring the amount of loaded soil in an earth transport ship according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart and a process flow chart of measurement data of a loaded soil amount in the earth transport ship of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ship loader 2 Pier 3a Soil ship 3b Soil ship 4a Shuttle 4b Shuttle 5a Sediment drop 5b Sediment drop 6a Arm 6b Arm 7 Digital camera 8 Loading soil

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Nobuto Takeshima 4-2-1-15 Iwayanakamachi, Nada-ku, Kobe City, Hyogo Prefecture Inside Kobe Steel Works, Ltd. (72) Inventor Mamoru Kanda Tori Minomachi, Nishiminato-machi, Niigata City, Niigata Prefecture 3300-3 Honma Gumi Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-1-272908 (JP, A) JP-A-9-51551 (JP, A) JP-A-10-19562 (JP, A) JP-A-2 -263106 (JP, A) JP-A-3-41306 (JP, A) JP-A-3-8708 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G01B 11/00- 11/30 G01C 3/06

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] An earth transport vessel is arranged on each side of a pier provided with a ship loader, and while one of the earth transport vessels is loaded with earth and sand, the shape of the earth and sand loaded on one of the earth transport vessels is converted into a digital form on the other. Photographs are taken with a camera, the shape of the soil remaining on the other carrier is photographed with the other digital camera, and the stereo image data is transmitted to a computer. A method for measuring the amount of soil loaded on an earth transport ship, wherein the cross section of the soil left on the earth transport ship is measured to calculate the amount of soil and the amount of soil left on the earth transport ship. 2. A ship loader, an arm extending laterally from the ship loader, and two digital cameras spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance on the arm above a sediment drop opening provided on the ship loader. And a computer for processing the information of the digital camera based on the principle of stereo image measurement to calculate the amount of sediment loaded on the soil transport ship. 3. A ship loader, a shuttle and an arm extending to both sides from the ship loader, and two digital cameras arranged at a predetermined distance apart from each other on the respective arms above a sediment drop port provided on the shuttle. Camera and
A computer for processing the information of the digital camera based on the principle of stereo image measurement to calculate the amount of sediment loaded on one of the soil carriers and the remaining soil of the other soil carrier. A device for measuring the amount of loaded soil. 4. The ship loader according to claim 1, wherein the arm is provided on an upstream side and a downstream side of the ship loader in the moving direction of the ship loader, respectively, and the ship loader discharges earth and sand during forward movement and backward movement. An apparatus for measuring the amount of loaded soil in an earth transport ship according to claim 2 or 3 . Wherein the orientation of the digital camera, measuring the loading amount of soil in the soil luck ship according to claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein by being inclined in a direction other than the direction directed to sediment input opening apparatus.