JP3038303B2 - High-speed crusher - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a high-speed pulverizer for finely pulverizing waste materials such as branches, leaves, trunks, roots and the like, which are obtained by caring for trees in parks, green belts and median strips.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a crushing device for disposing of waste materials such as trees, a hammer portion for crushing waste materials below a hopper, a crushing portion for further reducing the size thereof, and a mesh for adjusting the particle size thereof. There was a structure having a screen. However, when crushing a trunk or a thick branch, since they have annual rings, they are not crushed but elastically deform like a rubber ball to generate a bounce, thereby causing noise. Furthermore, it is difficult to crush or crush flexible twigs, leaves, roots and the like. For this flexible material, if a thin blade is used, crushing is possible, but the method of fixing the blade is extremely difficult, and it is troublesome to attach and detach the blade, and this thin blade is troublesome. At present, the crushing device of the used structure is not used. Further, the mesh screen of the pulverizing apparatus was not practical because it was easily clogged. Further, when the waste materials such as branches, leaves, roots, etc. are put into the crushing device, sand and soil often adhere to the waste materials and gravel is mixed in the waste materials. Alternatively, the gravel is entangled with the rotating blade and the fixed blade and passes therethrough, or remains in front of it, damaging the blade, making the blade less sharp, and extremely poor in workability. Therefore, at present, there is almost no pulverizer suitable for a large amount of waste materials such as trees.

For this reason, when a large amount of waste materials such as branches, leaves, trunks, roots, etc., which are generally obtained by care of trees in parks, green belts, median strips, etc., are to be disposed of in large quantities, they need not be crushed or the like. The waste material is loaded on a truck or the like and transported. When transporting, the waste materials such as branches and trunks are bulky, so that the loading efficiency is poor. Even if they are discarded, they are raw wood and cannot be incinerated immediately, so they are brought to a garbage disposal site for disposal. However, when brought in, the disposal cost is determined by the number of trucks and the like, and the waste material is bulky. At present, the number of minute trucks and the like has increased and the processing cost has increased.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention can crush even flexible twigs, leaves, roots, etc., is easy to handle and can control particle size, and is safe and small to large. It is an object of the present invention to provide a high-speed pulverizer capable of working efficiently up to this point. Another object of the present invention is to provide a high-speed pulverizer capable of maintaining good sharpness of the blade and capable of drastically reducing noise.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has been made. That is, a fixed blade and a rotary blade are disposed below a hopper, and an axially slidable blade is provided behind the hopper. Crushing means provided with at least a plurality of crushing cutters which are arranged so as to be capable of being provided, and a guide plate is provided from below the rotary blade to slightly above the center of the crushing cutter and near the outer periphery thereof. The structure is arranged. Further, the crushing means includes a grooved drive shaft facing the rotary blade, a plurality of crushers inserted into the drive shaft and slidably disposed in the axial direction, and a crusher inserted between the drive shaft and the crusher. It consists of a plurality of springs that are attached and biased. Also, a discharge port is provided on the lower surface of the hopper and before the fixed blade, and a number of guide plates are arranged on the inner side of the lower surface of the hopper from near the input port of the hopper to before the fixed blade. Make it stand.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are diagrams showing an embodiment of the present invention. (1) is provided with at least a plurality of crushing cutters (11) arranged behind a rotary blade (4) described below arranged below the hopper (5) and slidably in the axial direction. A driving shaft (12) having a groove (12a) opposed to the rotary blade (4); and a driving shaft (12).
A plurality of crushing cutters (11) which are inserted into the grooves (12a) and are slidably arranged in the axial direction by inserting the protruding pieces (11a), and the crushing cutters (11 ) There are a plurality of springs (13) that are mounted between and biased. Incidentally, a spline shaft may be used for the drive shaft (12). Also, the rotation of the crushing cutter (11) is transmitted by the drive shaft (12), and at the same time, by using the spring (13), the crushing cutter (11) is fixed in the axial direction with a certain degree of freedom, and at the same time, the exchange is easy It has a structure that can be converted. (2) is a grinding cutter (1) from below the rotary blade (4).
A guide plate disposed slightly above the center of (1) and around the outer periphery thereof, wherein the guide plate (2) is obtained by slicing waste material (6) by a rotary blade (4). Serves to guide the particles to a predetermined grinding angle. (3) is a fixed blade disposed below the hopper (5), and (4) is a rotary blade. (5) is a hopper
The hopper (5) is provided with a discharge port (5b) on its lower surface and in front of the fixed blade (3), and further from the vicinity of the input port (5a) and in front of the fixed blade (3). A guide plate (51) is erected on the inside of the lower surface of the hopper (5). By the guide plate (51),
Waste materials such as soft twigs and leaves (6) are used for each guide plate (51)
The waste material (6) such as thick branches and trunks is cut on the fixed blade (3) near the fixed blade and placed on the upper portion of the guide plate (51), and the waste material (6) is prevented from bouncing. ) Serves to be fixed by being cut into the upper part of the guide plate (51). As the guide plate (51), the one proposed by the present inventor on July 27, 1995 in a request for registration of a utility model "separator for crusher" is used.

Next, the operation of the present invention will be described. First, when a worker lifts waste materials (6) such as thick branches and trunks and puts them into the slot (5a), the waste materials (6) travel to the lower side of the hopper (5) along the guide plate (51). The tip of the waste material (6) is sliced by hitting the rotary blade (4), and the sliced waste material (6) is thrown backward by the peripheral speed of the rotary blade (4), and the grinding cutter (11) rotating at high speed. ), The peripheral speed of the rotary blade (4) and the peripheral speed of the crushing cutter (11) are combined, and the waste material (6) is crushed instantaneously (see FIG. 2). The operation of the grinding cutter (11) at this time will be described. First, the grinding cutter
(11) is the spring (1) in the axial direction of the drive shaft (12).
3) is mounted and installed with a certain degree of freedom, so even if you use a thin blade, compared to the one that is fixed using conventional bolts and lock nuts,
Even if a side pressure is applied as shown by the solid line arrow in FIG. 3 (a), the present invention absorbs the side pressure by the spring (13) and tilts appropriately, so that stress concentration is reduced and the risk of breakage is drastically reduced. The life of the blade is extended. After that, a force as shown by a chain line arrow in the drawing acts on the spring (13), and the crushing cutter (11) is returned to its original position, and can be prepared for the next crushing. Even without the conventional mesh screen, the number of the crushing cutters (11) can be varied to adjust the interval, and the respective speeds of the rotary blade (4) and the crushing cutter (11) are taken into consideration. As a result, any pulverized particle size can be freely controlled. The crushing position of the crushing cutter (11) is guided to a predetermined crushing angle by a guide plate (2). For this reason, the product of the present invention does not require a conventional mesh screen, and even if the crushing cutter (11) is speeded up, the crushing cutter (11) is subjected to the crushing process many times and the particle size of the waste material (6) is adjusted to the outlet while being uniform. It is. Thus, even if waste materials (6) such as soft twigs and leaves are passed through without being sliced by the rotary blade (4), the product of the present invention can be crushed by the crushing cutter (11) having a thin blade. The soft waste material (6) is finely divided to a uniform particle size.

When changing the number of the crushing cutters (11) or replacing the crushing cutters (11), the spring (13) mounted on the drive shaft (12) is not shown. Loosen the nut and remove it from the drive shaft (12) together with the washer, and adjust the grinding cutter (11) and the spring (13) by attaching and detaching them from the drive shaft (12) so that the required number of sheets are obtained. At this time, the grinding cutter (11) is driven by the drive shaft (12).
Insert the protruding piece (11a) of the crushing cutter (11) into the groove (12a) and arrange it so that it can slide in the axial direction, and be sure to bias the spring (13) between the crushing cutters (11). Installing. Then, it is only necessary to attach the washer and the nut. The product of the present invention can thus be easily exchanged. Also, as shown in FIG.
The pitch can be adjusted from a wide pitch of (11) to a narrow pitch as in (b).

Next, the operation of the guide plate (51) of this embodiment will be described. First, a worker puts small or thin waste materials (6) such as twigs, leaves and roots into the input port (5a) of the hopper (5).
If the timber or soft leaf is put into the input port (5a) or the waste material (6) such as a thick branch or trunk is lifted and put into the input port (5a), the twigs and the soft leaves are guided by the guide plate (51) and the guide plate (51). And goes down along the lower surface of the hopper (5) while being restricted by the side surface (see FIG. 4). The tip of the waste material (6) hits the fixed blade (3), is reliably fed without jumping or escaping, is cut by the rotary blade (4), and the waste material (6) becomes fine. Further, the thick waste material (6) does not enter between the guide plates (51) and is sent on the lower side of the hopper (5) without being put between the guide plates (51) (FIG. 2).
(See FIG. 7), the slicing material slightly floats and bounces when it is sliced, but it is supported above the guide plates (51) and stabilized, and the waste material (6) is made of a thin guide plate (51) on which the plates are erected. As the fibers break into the upper surface and break down, the bouncing is sharply reduced. At this time, sand, soil or mixed gravel adhering to the waste material (6) hits the side surface of the fixed blade (3), is discharged to the outside from the discharge port (5b), is caught by the rotary blade (4), and enters inside. It can be prevented from being sent. Furthermore, since the rotary blade (4) slices the waste material (6) on the guide plate (51), it is sliced considerably above the conventional cutting position, and as a result, the cutting angle differs between the thin and thick ones. Since the waste material (6) can be finely divided in a state, the waste material (6) can be processed from a large material to a small material, or from a soft material to a hard material such as a piece of wood. The treated waste material (6) is reduced to about one-fifth the volume before being pulverized.

[0010]

According to the present invention having the above-described structure, the following effects can be obtained.

Even if the waste material (3) is sliced by increasing the speed of the rotary blade (4), a plurality of crushing cutters (11) disposed behind the slidable blade in the axial direction.
By arranging the guide plate (2), it is possible to perform high-speed pulverization and to control the pulverization particle size freely, and it is safe and easy for anyone to use.
1) Can be removed. As a result, a mesh screen as in the prior art is not required, so that the efficiency of grinding the waste material (6) is extremely improved, workability is improved, and the bulk of the waste material (6) is drastically reduced. Loading efficiency is also improved,
Since the number of trucks and the like when being brought into the garbage disposal site is reduced, the processing cost is reduced.

[0012] According to a second aspect of the present invention, as the crushing means (1),
A drive shaft (12) having a groove (12a), a plurality of crushing cutters (11) arranged to be slidable in the axial direction, and a plurality of springs ( 13), even if a thin cutter is used for the crushing cutter (11), when side pressure is applied, the spring (13) absorbs the side pressure, and stress concentration that breaks the blade as in the conventional case is obtained. It is almost eliminated, and the life can be extended even with a thin blade. In addition, since a thin cutter can be used as the crushing cutter (11), the processing of soft twigs and leaves can be performed reliably and efficiently. Further, since the crushing cutter (11) is mounted so as to be slidable in the axial direction by the spring (13), the disassembling and assembling of the crushing cutter (11) becomes extremely simple.

Since the drive shaft (12) is a spline shaft as described in claim 3, the disassembly and assembly of the crushing cutter (11) can be easily performed without concern for the position of the groove (12a). , The work can be expedited. Also, standardized parts can be used.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a guide plate (2) is provided.
Are arranged from below the rotary blade (4) to above the center of the crushing cutter (11) and to the vicinity of the outer periphery thereof, so that the crushing cutter (11) can be reliably crushed, that is, In order to guide the waste material (6) sliced by the rotary blade (4) to a predetermined crushing angle, the crushing efficiency is increased, and it is ensured from soft twigs and leaves to trunks and the like. Can be crushed.

A discharge port (5b) is provided in front of the fixed blade (3), a guide plate (51) is provided near the input port (5a) and in front of the fixed blade (3), and a hopper ( A large number of the waste materials (6) are placed below the guide plate (51), and the thick waste materials (6) are placed on the guide plate (51) by the rotary blade (4). Since the cutting is performed, the cutting can be reliably performed with the cutting angle changed.
In addition, foreign substances such as sand and soil or mixed gravel adhering to the waste material (6) are separated and made to easily fall, and the foreign matter is discharged to the discharge port (5).
Since it can be removed to the outside from b), it is possible to maintain a good state without deteriorating the sharpness of blades such as the fixed blade (3) and the rotary blade (4). Further, since bouncing is prevented, stable cutting can be performed, the noise level is drastically reduced, and the durability is improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a main part structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a processing state of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing an arrangement state of a pulverizing cutter of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which twigs are fed by the guide plate of the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crushing means 11 Crusher 11a Protrusion piece 12 Drive shaft 12a Groove 13 Spring 2 Guide plate 3 Fixed blade 4 Rotating blade 5 Hopper 5a Input port 5b Discharge port 51 Guide plate

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plurality of crushing cutters (11) arranged below a hopper (5) and having a fixed blade (3) and a rotary blade (4) arranged behind the hopper (5) so as to be slidable in the axial direction.
A high-speed pulverizer characterized in that a pulverizing means (1) provided with at least one is provided, and a guide plate (2) is arranged between the rotary blade (4) and the pulverizing cutter (11). 2. A driving shaft (12) having a groove (12a) opposed to a rotary blade (4), said crushing means (1) comprising:
2) a plurality of crushing cutters (11) which are inserted into the grooves (12a) of the protruding pieces (11a) so as to be slidable in the axial direction, and which are inserted into the drive shaft (12) and each of the crushing cutters; −
(11) Multiple springs (1
3. The high-speed pulverizer according to claim 1, comprising: 3. The high-speed pulverizing device according to claim 2, wherein the drive shaft is a spline shaft. 4. The guide plate (2) is arranged from below the rotary blade (4) to slightly above the center of the crushing cutter (11) and near the outer periphery thereof. Item 2. A high-speed pulverizer according to Item 1. 5. A discharge port (5b) is provided on the lower surface of said hopper (5) and in front of said fixed blade (3), and said fixed blade (5) is provided from near an input port (5a) of said hopper (5). 3)
The high-speed crusher according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of guide plates (51) are arranged and erected inside the lower surface of the hopper (5).