JP3024956B2 - Copper heat-resistant alloy - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a copper heat-resistant alloy containing a relatively large amount of copper which requires a high-temperature hardness and prevents a sharp decrease in hardness at high temperatures specific to metals.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, it is possible to add high hardness and strength at room temperature to Cu by adding a transition element (excluding Sc and Y). Hardness decreases. For example, in the case of general Be copper, a certain degree of hardness is maintained at 500 ° C, but the hardness is extremely reduced at 700 ° C. A decrease in hardness leads to a decrease in strength.

[0003]

The hardness of a copper alloy exhibiting high hardness and strength at room temperature rapidly decreases at high temperatures, and it has been difficult to apply it to members requiring hardness and strength at high temperatures. . The present invention suppresses a sharp decrease in hardness at high temperatures, and can be applied to members requiring hardness and strength at high temperatures, a copper heat-resistant alloy based on copper or a heat-resistant copper alloy. To provide

[0004]

Means of the present invention are as follows.
e, Sm, one or more of La, the balance is Cu,
Or, comprising the Cu alloy. Cu or C
Y (yttrium), Ce (cerium), S
By adding one or more of m (samarium) and La (lanthanum), the hardness of Cu or Cu alloy at room temperature and high temperature is improved.

In the above means, the Y, Ce, Sm,
La of one or more have good that a structure containing 0.5 to 50 wt%. One or two of Y, Ce, Sm, and La
When the total addition amount is less than 0.5% by weight when more than one kind is added, the improvement in hardness reduction at high temperature is small,
When the content is 0.5% by weight or more, a decrease in hardness at a high temperature is improved.

A second means of the present invention is characterized in that Y is contained in an amount of 1 to 50% by weight and the balance is Cu or a Cu alloy.
You. By adding Y to Cu or Cu alloy, the hardness decrease at high temperature is improved, and when the addition amount is less than 1% by weight, the improvement in hardness decrease at high temperature is small, and as the addition amount increases, the hardness improvement tends to increase. is there.

The third means of the present invention is that Ce is set to 0.5 to 2
The balance comprising 0 wt% is you being a Cu or Cu alloy. By adding Ce to Cu or Cu alloy, the decrease in hardness at high temperature is improved. When the addition amount is 0.5% by weight or less, the improvement in hardness reduction at high temperature is small, and when the addition amount exceeds 20% by weight, the addition amount is increased. There is not much improvement in hardness as compared with.

A fourth aspect of the present invention is to set Sm to 0.5 to 4
The balance comprising 0 wt% is you being a Cu or Cu alloy. The addition of Sm to Cu or a Cu alloy improves the reduction in hardness at high temperatures. When the addition amount is 0.5% by weight or less, the improvement in hardness reduction at high temperatures is small, and when the addition amount exceeds 40% by weight, the addition amount increases. There is not much improvement in hardness as compared with.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, La is set to 0.5 to 3
The balance comprising 5% by weight characterized in that Cu or Cu alloy. By adding La to Cu or a Cu alloy, the decrease in hardness at high temperatures is improved. When the addition amount is 0.5% by weight or less, the improvement in hardness reduction at high temperatures is small, and when the addition amount exceeds 35% by weight, the addition amount is increased. There is not much improvement in hardness as compared with.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of the present invention relates to a Y
The second embodiment is a copper heat-resistant alloy containing a predetermined ratio of Ce and the balance is Cu, and the second embodiment is a copper heat-resistant alloy containing a predetermined ratio of Ce and the balance is Cu. In the fourth embodiment, a copper heat-resistant alloy containing a predetermined percentage of La and the balance Cu is used in the fourth embodiment. Further, the fifth embodiment of the present invention provides a
Is a copper heat-resistant alloy containing a predetermined ratio and the balance is beryllium copper as a base alloy. The seventh embodiment is a copper heat-resistant alloy containing a predetermined ratio of Sm and the balance being beryllium copper as a base alloy, and the eighth embodiment is a beryllium copper as a base alloy containing a predetermined ratio of La and the balance being La. A copper heat resistant alloy. The ninth embodiment of the present invention is a copper heat-resistant alloy containing a predetermined ratio of Y and the balance being brass as a base alloy. The tenth embodiment is directed to a copper alloy containing a predetermined ratio of Ce and Is a copper heat-resistant alloy that is brass as the first
The first embodiment is a copper heat-resistant alloy containing a predetermined ratio of Sm and the balance being brass as a base alloy, and the twelfth embodiment is a copper heat-resistant alloy containing a predetermined ratio of La and the balance being brass as a base alloy. It is a heat-resistant alloy. The thirteenth embodiment of the present invention relates to a copper heat-resistant alloy containing two kinds of Y, Ce, Sm, and La at a predetermined ratio, and the balance being Cu.

In each of the first to thirteenth embodiments, a copper heat-resistant alloy based on copper or a copper alloy is blended with raw materials at a predetermined ratio, and is vacuum-melted to produce an alloy lump. , At room temperature, 500 ° C., measured at each temperature of 700 ° C., compared with copper or copper alloy as a base, and also compared with a conventional copper alloy, based on the measured temperature range That the hardness is higher than that of copper or copper alloy,
And at a high temperature of 700 ° C., the hardness was higher than that of a conventional copper alloy. Examples of each embodiment and comparative examples are shown below.

[0012]

EXAMPLES Examples A to E of the first embodiment, Examples F to I of the second embodiment, and Example J of the third embodiment.
To L, Examples M to O of the fourth embodiment, and Comparative Examples P, Q, and R, the additive elements and the additive element concentrations (wt%) are shown in Table 1. C, the results of measuring Vickers hardness at 700 ° C. are shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIG.

[0013]

[Table 1]

FIG. 1 shows an example of the first embodiment and a comparative example. Examples A and B show that Comparative Examples P (brass), Q (beryllium copper), and R (pure copper) at room temperature and high temperature. Example C is substantially the same as Comparative Example Q from room temperature to 500 ° C., but has a higher hardness than that of Comparative Example Q at 700 ° C. High hardness and excellent heat resistance. In Examples D and E, although hardness was lower than Comparative Example Q at room temperature and 500 ° C.,
At 0 ° C, the hardness is almost the same, showing a higher value than Comparative Examples P and R, and at 700 ° C, the hardness is maintained higher than Comparative Examples Q and R. In Comparative Example P, the hardness was lowered at 700 ° C. and measurement was impossible. Therefore, Example A,
It is understood from B, C, D, and E that the higher the concentration of Y, the higher the hardness at high temperature and the excellent heat resistance. Even if the concentration of Y is low, it greatly contributes to the improvement in hardness at high temperature.

From FIG. 2 showing an example of the second embodiment and a comparative example, it can be seen from FIG. 2 that Examples F and G have lower hardness than Comparative Example Q at ordinary temperature and 500 ° C., but none at 700 ° C. Hardness is higher than Comparative Example Q. Examples H and I are Ce
Concentration, but at room temperature, 500 ° C, 700
Both show higher hardness than Comparative Example R at ° C,
At 500 ° C., the hardness is almost the same as Comparative Example P having a high normal temperature hardness, and at 700 ° C., the hardness is higher than Comparative Examples P, Q, and R. Thus, from Examples F, G, H, and I:
It is understood that those having a relatively high Ce concentration have high hardness at high temperatures and have excellent heat resistance, and that even low concentrations greatly contribute to improvement in hardness at high temperatures.

FIG. 3 shows an example of the third embodiment and a comparative example. From FIG. 3, the hardness of the example J is lower than that of the comparative example Q at room temperature and 500 ° C., but the comparative example Q at 700 ° C.
Higher than. In Examples K and L, although the concentration of Sm was low, at room temperature, the hardness was higher than that of Comparative Example R, and at 500 ° C, the hardness was higher than that of Comparative Examples R and P. Shows higher hardness than Comparative Examples R and Q. Therefore, from Examples J, K, and L, S
Those with a high concentration of m have considerably high hardness at high temperatures,
It is understood that it shows excellent heat resistance and that even if its concentration is low, it greatly contributes to improvement in hardness at high temperatures.

FIG. 4 shows an example of the fourth embodiment and a comparative example. As shown in FIG. 4, the hardness of the example M is lower than that of the comparative example Q at room temperature and 500 ° C.
Higher than. In Examples N and O, the La concentration was low, but at room temperature, the hardness was higher than that of Comparative Example R. At 500 ° C, the hardness was higher than that of Comparative Examples R and P. Shows higher hardness than Comparative Examples R and Q. Therefore, from Examples M, N, and O, L
Those having a high concentration of a have considerably high hardness at high temperatures,
It is understood that it shows excellent heat resistance and that even if its concentration is low, it greatly contributes to improvement in hardness at high temperatures.

The example S of the fifth embodiment, the example T of the sixth embodiment, the example U of the seventh embodiment, and the eighth example
Of the element added to the base alloy (the same beryllium copper as in Comparative Example Q) and the concentration of the added element (wt.
%) Are shown in Table 2, and the room temperature, 500 ° C., 70
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the results of measuring the Vickers hardness at 0 ° C.

[0019]

[Table 2]

FIG. 5 shows that when the base alloy is beryllium copper, the addition of a small amount of the additional elements Y, Ce, Sm, and La ensures that the hardness is increased at room temperature, 500 ° C., and 700 ° C. In particular, Example S to which Sm is added has a remarkable effect. Further, as described above, the additive elements Y, Ce, Sm, and L are added to the base alloy (beryllium copper).
a is added at a lower temperature than the base alloy,
The increase in hardness at 700 ° C and 700 ° C
-In the fourth embodiment, when a small amount of the additional element Y, Ce, Sm, or La is added based on pure copper (Example D,
E, H, I, K, L, N, O) is the same as the situation where the hardness is definitely higher than that of pure copper. In this case, the higher the amount of addition, the higher the hardness. , T, U, V
It can be easily analogized that the hardness is increased by increasing the addition amount to some extent.

Example W of the ninth embodiment, example X of the tenth embodiment, example Y of the eleventh embodiment,
Table 3 shows the elements added to the base alloy (the same brass as Comparative Example P) and the concentration of the added elements (wt%) in Example Z of the twelfth embodiment. FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of measuring the Vickers hardness.

[0022]

[Table 3]

FIG. 6 shows that when the base alloy is brass, the addition of a small amount of the additional elements Y, Ce, Sm, and La surely increases the hardness at room temperature and 500 ° C. In addition, the fact that the addition of a small amount of the additional elements Y, Ce, Sm, and La to the base alloy (brass) ensures that the hardness at room temperature, 500 ° C., and 700 ° C. becomes higher than that of the base alloy is as follows In the first to fourth embodiments, it was observed when small amounts of the additional elements Y, Ce, Sm, and La were added based on pure copper (Examples D, E, H, I, K, L, N, and O). This is the same as the situation where the hardness is definitely higher than that of pure copper. In this case, the higher the amount of addition, the higher the hardness. Therefore, in Examples W, X, Y, and Z, by increasing the addition amount to some extent, An increase in hardness can be easily analogized.

Examples of the thirteenth embodiment BG, BK,
Table 4 shows the additive elements of GN and the additive element concentrations (wt%). The results of measuring the Vickers hardness of each of the examples at normal temperature, 500 ° C., and 700 ° C. are shown in Comparative Examples P, Q, and R.
7 is shown in FIG.

[0025]

[Table 4]

FIG. 7 shows that the hardness is higher than that of Cu at room temperature to high temperature even when two kinds of additive elements are used.
In Example BG, although the addition weight ratio of Example B and Y described above was the same, and Ce was added extra, the hardness was further improved by that amount. Example B The amount of addition of Y is the same, and Sm is added in excess, but the hardness is further improved. Example GN also has the same addition weight ratio of Example G and Ce as described above, and La is added in excess, but the hardness is further improved. From these facts, FIGS. 5 and 6
In consideration of the case where addition is made to the alloy base shown in (1), even if two or more of the additional elements Y, Ce, Sm, and La are added, the hardness is surely improved, and it can be determined that the heat resistance is improved.

As shown in each of the above embodiments, the hardness and strength at high temperatures are superior to those of the base Cu or Cu alloy. By using it as a material such as a member or a structural material, durability can be improved, and further new applications can be developed.

[0028]

The invention described in claims 1 to 5 is applicable to a conventional member made of copper or copper alloy for applications requiring heat resistance, for example, to a conventional copper or copper alloy member. Y,
By using a composition to which Ce, Sm, and La are added in appropriate amounts, it is possible to surely improve the hardness at a high temperature and improve the strength and durability, and further, it is used at a high temperature which could not be applied conventionally. This has the effect of obtaining a copper heat-resistant alloy applicable to such members.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a graph showing a change in hardness with respect to temperature of Examples AE of the present invention and Comparative Examples Q, P, and R.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing a change in hardness with respect to temperature of Examples FI of the present invention and Comparative Examples Q, P, and R.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing a change in hardness with respect to temperature of Examples J to L and Comparative Examples Q, P, and R of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing a change in hardness with respect to temperature of Examples M to O and Comparative Examples Q, P, and R of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing a change in hardness with respect to temperature in Examples S to U and Comparative Example Q of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing a change in hardness with respect to temperature in Examples W to Z and Comparative Example P of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing a change in hardness with respect to temperature of Examples BG, BK, and GN of the present invention and Comparative Examples P, Q, and R.

Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Akio Tanabe 1-13-13, Oharano Nishitakenosato-cho, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C22C 9/00-9/10

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method according to claim 1, wherein one or more of Y, Ce, Sm, and La are contained in an amount of 50% by weight or less and the balance is made of Cu, beryllium copper, or brass.
A heat-resistant copper alloy, characterized by the fact that the proportion of at least one species or two or more species is not more than 4.0% by weight). 2. A copper heat-resistant alloy comprising 50% by weight or less of Y excluding the range of 4.0% by weight or less and the balance consisting of Cu, beryllium copper or brass. 3. A copper heat-resistant alloy comprising 20% by weight or less of Ce, excluding the range of 4.0% by weight or less, and the balance consisting of Cu, beryllium copper or brass. 4. A heat-resistant copper alloy comprising 40% by weight or less of Sm excluding a range of 4.0% by weight or less and the balance being Cu, beryllium copper or brass. 5. A copper heat-resistant alloy comprising 35% by weight or less of La excluding a range of 4.0% by weight or less and a balance of Cu, beryllium copper or brass.