JP3023911B2 - Seismic isolation / damping mechanism for multi-layer structures - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a seismic isolation and vibration control mechanism for suppressing civil engineering or a building structure from vibrating due to an earthquake or the like.

[Prior art] As a vibration damping structure of a structure using a lever, for example,
There is JP-A-50-38340, and there is a mechanism of the present inventors in which this is improved.

In the former conventional example, an arm provided with a weight as an additional mass at one end side is pivotally supported on one of a floor portion and a ceiling portion, and a rigid portion is provided on a side which does not pivotally support the other arm of the floor portion or the ceiling floor portion. Provide a high support, connect the middle point of the arm and the tip of the support via a link, and measure the length from the pivot point of the arm to the connection point of the link and the length from the pivot point of the arm to the weight. , Ie, the leverage ratio is increased to reduce the weight of the weight, but to suppress the vibration of the structure by generating a large inertial force due to the displacement of the weight.

In addition, the latter conventional example has the disadvantage of the former, that is, when the lever ratio is increased, the lever stiffness is reduced, and higher-order vibration modes are generated. In order to improve the drawback that it becomes difficult to suppress vibration by applying not only the horizontal force required for vibration suppression but also the vertical direction because the added mass moves in an arc by the swing of , Either on the floor or ceiling floor,
A swing arm is provided so as to be swingable, and an additional mass is provided so as to be able to linearly move in a horizontal direction along a linear guide mechanism, and the swing arm is linked to a member integral with the other of the floor portion or the ceiling floor portion. The additional mass is connected via a swing link on the opposite side of the swing arm from the swing pivot point across the connection point.

Even when the structure is a high-rise building, a mechanism in which the above-described mechanism is rearranged in a wall storage type is provided in each layer to constitute a vibration damping mechanism.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, according to such a conventional configuration, although a single-layer structure can achieve a large reduction in earthquake input due to the mass effect of the additional mass, when a multilayer structure is used, each layer has Due to limitations of the installed additional mass, lever stiffness, lever ratio, etc., the effect of reducing the earthquake input is limited to the lowermost layer, and there is a drawback that it hardly spreads to the upper layers.

This is because the configuration of the device focuses only on the interlayer deformation of each layer, and as a result, the effects of the layers cancel each other out and are concentrated only on the lowermost layer.

In addition, since the structure behaves in a complicated manner by superimposing the respective vibration modes, it is difficult to determine an appropriate lever ratio, which is also a major factor in preventing effective reduction of the earthquake input.

Furthermore, in the conventional example, the basic idea is to obtain a large inertial force by reducing the added mass and increasing the lever ratio, but even if the effect of only the lowermost layer is to be increased due to the small added mass. However, there is a problem that a considerably large lever ratio is required.

The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and has as its object to further enhance the effect of reducing the earthquake response in the case of a multilayer structure.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention relates to a seismic isolation / vibration control mechanism for a multilayer structure which suppresses the vibration of the multilayer structure. Mass, and an arm swingably attached to the ceiling or floor of the structure,
Connecting means for rotatably connecting one end of the arm to the additional mass and the other end of the arm to a floor or a ceiling of the structure, wherein a specific vibration mode of the whole system of the multilayer structure is provided. Is characterized by adjusting a leverage ratio constituted by the arms and the connecting means arranged in each layer so that is proportional to a function of a stimulus function value which is substantially similar to a position vector of a disturbance in the equation of motion.

Further, the mass of the additional mass provided in each layer is adjusted so that a specific vibration mode of the whole system of the multilayer structure is proportional to a function of a stimulus function value which is substantially similar to a position vector of a disturbance of an equation of motion. It is characterized by doing.

Further, a movement control means such as an actuator for driving or applying a resistance to the additional mass is provided, and the movement amount of the additional mass is controlled by the movement control means, whereby a specific vibration mode of the whole system of the multilayer structure is provided. Is proportional to a function of a stimulus function value that is substantially similar to the position vector of the disturbance in the equation of motion.

FIG. 1 illustrates the basic concept mechanism of the present invention when a mechanical lever is used.

First, the pivot point F ₀ of the floor portion 2 of any layer of the main structure A which is supported by posts 1 providing the swinging arm 4 can swing.

On the other hand, the ceiling floor portion 3 from the portion of the integral rigid which is rigidly connected to the direction to be inhibited the vibration of the layer to the connecting point F ₂ (hereinafter, referred to as damping wall 5) The 1
One end of the swing link 6 is rotatably provided, and the other end of the first swing link 6 is connected to a connection point F _{1 of} an intermediate portion of the swing arm 4.
Connect to

Connecting point F ₂ of the tip end of the swing arm 4, via a second swing link 7, for the layer of the weight or従構creation of the linear guide mechanism 8 is provided to be movable in the horizontal direction Are connected to a connection point F ₄ of the additional mass 9.

The first swing link 6 and the second swing link 7 are arranged so as to be parallel to each other.

In order to reduce the resistance of the damping wall 5 in the out-of-plane direction, the joint with the ceiling floor 3 is pin-joined in the out-of-plane direction and rigidly joined in the in-plane direction. It may be.

Here, it is particularly important to adjust the mass, additional mass and spring stiffness so that the specific vibration mode of the entire structure system is similar to the position vector of the disturbance in the equation of motion, and adjust the lever ratio of the swing arm to the above. In order to determine using the function of the stimulus function value of the specific mode and to maintain the movement of the additional mass induced from the calculated lever ratio, the first and second oscillating links 6 and 7 The length ratio is set equal to the leverage ratio of the swing arm 4 and the first and second swing links
6 and 7 are arranged on the same side with respect to the swing arm 4.

 FIG. 2 shows another basic concept mechanism.

In this example of the mechanism, the swing arm 4 is a pivot point at the intermediate portion.
In F ₂ , a vibration damping wall 5 integral with the floor portion 2 is swingably provided.

The connection point F ₀ on one end of the swing arm 4 is the first connection point.
The connecting point F ₃ on the other end side is connected to the connecting point F _{4 of the} additional mass 9 via the second oscillating link 7 while being connected to the connecting point F ₁ of the ceiling floor portion 3 via the oscillating link 6. It is connected to.

Here, the lever ratio of the swing arm 4 is set so as to be proportional to the function of the stimulus function value in the above-described specific mode, and the first and second swing links 6 and 7 are also parallel to each other. And the length ratio is also set equal to the leverage ratio of the swing arm 4.

However, the first and second swing links 6 and 7 are provided on opposite sides of the swing arm 4.

FIG. 3 shows another basic concept mechanism.

In this mechanical embodiment, the connecting point F ₁ of the intermediate portion of the swing arm 4,
Vibration damping wall 5 integrated with floor portion 2 via first swing link 6
Provided swingably connecting point F ₂ of.

One end of the swing arm 4 is pivotally supported by a pivot point F ₀ of the ceiling floor portion 3, and a connection point F ₃ of the other end is connected to the additional mass 9 via the second swing link 7. It is connected to the connecting point F _4.

Here, the lever ratio of the swing arm 4 is set so as to be proportional to the function of the stimulus function value in the above-described specific mode, and the first and second swing links 6 and 7 are also parallel to each other. And the length ratio is also set equal to the leverage ratio of the swing arm 4.

However, the first and second swing links 6 and 7 are provided on the same side with respect to the swing arm 4.

In the present invention, a mechanism of a type in which each of the above mechanism examples is appropriately combined is also possible, and instead of a mechanical lever, an oil / pneumatic hydraulic lever may be employed. The method of using the hydraulic lever together is not impeded.

Further, a control actuator and a viscous resistance damper or a frictional resistance damper are provided on each layer or on any layer between the additional mass of the layer and the floor portion, or between the additional mass of the layer and the vibration-damping wall, and Construct a seismic isolation / damping mechanism that further enhances the suppression effect.

[Operation] Regardless of whether the control force by the actuator is applied or not, the position vector of the disturbance in the equation of motion of the entire structure can be controlled by the operation of the lever mechanism capable of transmitting the inertia force of the additional mass to the main structure. By further approximating the specific vibration mode of the whole structure to the position vector of the disturbance, the stimulus function values of the other vibration modes can be made negligibly small, and The structure at the time of the earthquake behaves substantially in the above-mentioned specific vibration mode, that is, the distribution of the deformation ratio of the multilayer of the main structure is constant regardless of time, so an appropriate lever ratio is determined according to the distribution of the deformation ratio. It is possible to enhance the effect of reducing the earthquake input due to the controllability of the position vector of the disturbance. In addition, due to the vibration, frictional resistance between the additional mass of the layer and the floor portion, or between the additional mass of the layer and the vibration damping wall, and viscous resistance due to a damper installed between the portions. The resistance is applied, and the vibration of the entire structure can be further suppressed.

Furthermore, when a control actuator is added, the additional mass is driven at a value proportional to the layer displacement intended by the designer or its function, thereby preventing the induction of higher-order modes of the lever caused by insufficient rigidity of the lever. In addition, a highly reliable vibration suppression mechanism can be obtained by adding a control force for adjusting the frictional resistance and the seismic input reduction effect to the frictional resistance accompanying the movement of the added mass itself.

Example Next, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

First Embodiment FIG. 4 is a plan view when the mechanism of the present invention is installed on a structure A supported by a pillar 1, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the apparatus, and FIG. This is an embodiment in which the described basic concept mechanism is embodied.

First, the device provided on the second floor of the building will be described. The vibration damping wall 5 is fixedly connected to the lower layer of the ceiling floor 3 in the vibration direction so as to be free from the horizontal resistance with the lower layer. A weight 9 as an additional mass whose horizontal movement is ensured by a parallel maintaining device 8 provided on the swinging wall 5 is stored.

One end of the swing arm 4 is pivotally supported at a pivot support point F ₀ by a part integral with the floor 2, and a connection point F _{1 at an} intermediate portion thereof is connected to the vibration control wall 5 via a first swing link 6. It is connected to the connecting point F _2. The connection point F ₃ at the tip of the swing arm 4 is connected to the connection point F ₄ of the weight 9 via the second swing link 7.

Such a configuration may be provided in all layers or each layer except the uppermost layer. Further, the control actuator 20 and the viscous damper 21 are installed between each vibration suppression wall 5 and the weight 9 via a link mechanism.

Second Embodiment FIG. 6 shows another embodiment that embodies the basic concept mechanism described in FIG. 3, and the damping wall 5 is provided above the floor 2 freely with respect to horizontal resistance with respect to the upper layer. So that they are fixed in the vibration direction.

Third Embodiment FIGS. 7 (A) to 7 (C) show the floor plan and the ceiling plan of the odd-numbered floor and the even-numbered floor in the case where every other floor (even number floor) is configured as an additional mass in the high-rise structure. FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a vibration damping mechanism.

The odd-numbered floors of the main structure A are supported by the columns 1, and the even-numbered floors are used as additional mass and suspended from the odd-numbered floors by the steel rods 10. And serves as a parallel maintenance device.

The damping wall 5 penetrates from the floor of the main structure A, that is, the floor 2 of the odd-numbered floor, through the opening 9 ′ of the floor of the additional mass (even-numbered floor) 9,
The main structure is provided so as to be free with respect to the horizontal movement of the ceiling floor 3 of the relevant layer.

A swing arm 4 is provided for an integral part of the ceiling floor 3, and the other end is connected via a first swing link 6. One end of the swing arm 4 in the longitudinal direction is pivotally supported at a pivot point F ₂ on a vibration damping wall 5 rising from the floor 2 of the layer of the main structure, and an additional mass (even number floor) 9. It is connected to the connection point F ₃ of the other end of the swing arm 4 via connecting point F ₄ and the second swing link 7. Thereby, the ceiling floor 3 of the main structure
The additional mass 9 is forcibly moved in the opposite direction along with the relative movement of the damping wall 5 and the vibration damping wall 5. By installing such a mechanism on all layers or on each layer except the top layer, a vibration damping structure is configured. Further, the control actuator 20 and the viscous damper 21 may be disposed between the additional mass 9 and the vibration damping wall 5.

Fourth Embodiment FIG. 9 is a plan view of another embodiment in which a core portion of a high-rise structure is used as a substructure B, and the substructure B and the main structure A are connected via a pantograph mechanism C. The vibration damping wall 5 is raised from the lower layer of the main structure A, and this is used as a pivot point, as shown in the sectional view of FIG. B are connected to the respective ceiling and floor portions 3.

 FIG. 11 is a floor plan of the ceiling.

Next, the damping action of the damping structure of the above embodiment will be described using mathematical expressions.

 The symbols used in the following equations are as follows.

m _i ; mass of the i-layer of the main structure k ₀ η _i ; spring constant of the i-layer of the main structure c _i ; reduced viscous damping constant of the seismic isolation or damping configuration of the i-layer x _i ; i-layer displacement m ^d _i ; additional mass of weight or sub-structure i-layer α _j ; j-th stimulus coefficient d _i , _j ; _i for j-order vibration mode layer displacement of main structure
Stimulation function of layer y; Displacement of ground due to seismic motion q _j ; Response displacement of reference coordinate to seismic motion acceleration of jth vibration mode β _i x _i ;
図_i ; leverage ratio of i-layer of main structure ω _j ; circular frequency of j-th order vibration mode M; mass matrix C; damping matrix K; stiffness matrix x; layer displacement vector i; location of disturbance Vector r _j ; vector of the j-order vibration mode In this case, the equation of motion is such that the lever is ideally rigid, and the additional mass is obtained by using the lever mechanism or the combination of the lever mechanism and the control force generated from the actuator. When held in the amount of movement of the state of the beta _i X _i proportional to the response displacement X _i of the i layer to have, as follows.

M (t) + C (t) + Kx (t) = − Mi (t) (1) When the main structure is modeled in three layers, each matrix becomes
It can be expressed as follows.

In the above equation, each of a _i , b _i , and s _ij is as follows.

Now, let C = 0 (4) for a simple explanation of the principle. Further to the third embodiment targeting _{m 3 = m 2 = m 1} = m d 3 = m d 2 = m d 1 = m 0 (5). In this case, assuming x = r exp (iωt) (6) to solve the eigenvalue problem, the eigenvalue problem for the j-order mode r _j is
It looks like this:

ω _j ² Mr _j = K r _j (7) In the actual design, the values of β _i and i should be optimized using the theory such as nonlinear programming, but here, the value of i is simplified for the sake of simplicity. And the value of β _i is determined so that the first-order mode r ₁ becomes the disturbance position vector i in equation (1), the eigenvalue problem becomes the following instead of equation (7): It becomes an expression.

ω ₁ ² Mi = Ki (8) From the relationship between b _{i in} equation (3) and the mass of each layer in equation (5), the left side of the above equation is as follows.

Wherein ^{_{ω 1 2 = (ko / m}} 0) can be determined the beta _i By arbitrarily assuming i if (10).

As an example, assuming that i ^T = [1.154,0.891,0.517] (11), the last vector i ′ in equation (9) becomes (i ′) ^T = [1.2,0.9,0.6] (12) Then, β _i is obtained as follows.

β ₃ = −0.2, β ₂ = 0.1, β ₁ = 0.4 (13) From this, each element of the mass matrix is as follows.

_{a 3 = m 0 (1 +} β 3 2) = 1.04m 0 a 2 = m 0 (1 + β 2 2) = 1.01m 0 (14) a 1 = m 0 (1 + β 1 2) = 1.16m 0 value anew i ^T Is calculated from the expression of b _{i in} the expression (3), i ^T = [(1 + 0.2) /1.04, (1-0.1) /1.01, (1-0.4) /1.16] = [1.154,0.891,0.517] ( 15)

This means that the primary vibration mode r ₁ coincides with i. However, when the value of i 'is arbitrarily assumed as described above, k is set so that (1 / k ₀ ) ki = i' holds.
It goes without saying that the elements of must be adjusted.

Next, the stimulus function dj of the _j-th vibration mode is calculated, And orthogonality of each vibration mode And the primary vibration mode is made to coincide with r ₁ = i (18), α _{j in} the first equation of (16) becomes α ₁ = 1.0, α ₂ = α ₃ = 0 (19), and It can be seen that the second and third vibration modes are not excited.

The response displacement q ₁ (t) of the reference coordinates is as follows.

₁ (t) + ω ₁ ² q ₁ (t) = − (t) (20) Accordingly, the layer displacement of each layer of the main structure of this example is x _i = d _i , ₁ q ₁ (t) (21) It vibrates only in the primary mode.

Therefore, if the lever ratio of each layer and xi] _i from Figure 12 the relationship _{(x i -x i-1)} ξ i = x i-1 + β i x i (22) is established. By substituting equation (21) into this, the leverage ratio of each layer can be obtained as follows.

That is, it is understood that the stimulus function relating to the layer displacement of the primary mode of the main structure in the whole system is a function of the values of the upper and lower layers.

By the way, in the case of this example, よ り₃ = 2.51, ξ ₂ = 1.62, ξ ₁ = 0.4 (24) from equations (13) and (15).

Even when a damping matrix exists, the value of C can be determined so as not to disturb the vibration mode, so that the seismic response can be reduced according to the intention of the designer.

Note that the above is an explanation of an ideal body having a rigid lever.However, in order to prevent disturbance of a vibration mode due to a decrease in rigidity, the additional mass may be driven as intended by a designer by performing fade-back control on a control actuator. .

[Effects of the Invention] Generally, the seismic response is amplified by exciting and compounding each of the following vibration modes. However, a combination of a lever having an appropriate lever ratio and an additional mass for controlling the vibration mode as described above. In this way, it is possible to excite only a specific vibration mode and prevent other vibration modes from occurring, and to increase the reliability by properly driving the additional mass via a control actuator to achieve a multilayer structure. The seismic response reduction effect of the object can be enhanced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a mechanism diagram showing a basic concept mechanism of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a mechanism diagram showing another example of the basic concept mechanism, FIG. 3 is a mechanism diagram showing still another example of the basic concept mechanism, FIG. FIG. 1 is a plan view of a first embodiment in which the mechanism of the present invention is installed, FIG.
FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the second embodiment, and FIGS. 7 (A) and 7 (B).
(C) is a floor plan of an odd-numbered floor, a floor plan of a ceiling, and a floor plan of an even-numbered floor when each high-rise building is constructed with additional floors as additional masses. FIG. Is a plan view of another embodiment using a core portion of a high-rise structure as a substructure, FIG. 10 is a sectional view thereof, FIG. 11 is a floor plan of the ceiling, FIG.
FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the example of the mechanism shown in FIG. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... pillar, 2 ... floor (floor part), 3 ... ceiling floor (ceiling floor part), 4 ... swing arm, 5 ... damping wall, 6 ... first swing link, 7 ... Second swing link, 8 linear guide mechanism, 9 additional mass (weight), 9 ′ opening, 10
... Steel rod, 20 ... Control actuator, 21 ... Viscous damper. A: main structure, B: substructure, C: pantograph mechanism, F: pivot point, connection point

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-51-7774 (JP, A) JP-A-63-14609 (JP, A) JP-A-59-97342 (JP, A) JP-A-59-97342 161566 (JP, A)-Seismic Design Method-Seismic Design Series, Maruzen Co., Ltd., issued July 10, 1963, p. 274-Tadashi Tamada, convergence of solution by modal method (dynamic response analysis method) , No. 9, pages 230-234 (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F16F 15/02-15/08 E04H 9/02

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] A multi-layer structure seismic isolation / vibration control mechanism for suppressing vibration of a multi-layer structure, an additional mass provided on each layer and slidably disposed relative to the structure, and a ceiling of the structure. An arm swingably attached to a part or a floor, a connecting means for rotatably connecting one end of the arm to the additional mass, and the other end of the arm to a floor or a ceiling of the structure, The arm and the coupling means arranged in each layer so that a specific vibration mode of the whole system of the multilayer structure is proportional to a function of a stimulus function value that is substantially similar to a position vector of a disturbance of an equation of motion. A seismic isolation / vibration control mechanism for multi-layered structures characterized by adjusting the leverage ratio composed of: 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein said additional mass is provided on each layer such that a specific vibration mode of the whole system of said multilayer structure is proportional to a function of a stimulus function value substantially similar to a position vector of a disturbance of an equation of motion. The seismic isolation / vibration control mechanism for a multilayer structure according to claim 1, wherein the mass is adjusted. 3. An entire system of the multilayer structure is specified by providing a movement control means such as an actuator for driving or applying a resistance force to the additional mass, and controlling a movement amount of the additional mass by the movement control means. 3. The vibration isolation mode of the multilayer structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the vibration mode is proportional to a function of a stimulus function value that is substantially similar to a position vector of a disturbance in the equation of motion. Swing mechanism.