JP3018663B2 - Nb-Ti alloy superconducting wire - Google Patents
Nb-Ti alloy superconducting wireInfo
- Publication number
- JP3018663B2 JP3018663B2 JP3276452A JP27645291A JP3018663B2 JP 3018663 B2 JP3018663 B2 JP 3018663B2 JP 3276452 A JP3276452 A JP 3276452A JP 27645291 A JP27645291 A JP 27645291A JP 3018663 B2 JP3018663 B2 JP 3018663B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- superconducting wire
- filament
- wire
- loss
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
Landscapes
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、交流モードで運転さ
れる機器に用いられる超電導線に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a superconducting wire used for equipment operated in an AC mode.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】現状の超電導マグネットは、その殆どが
直流モードで運転されるようになっている。これは、通
常の銅（Ｃｕ）安定化Ｎｂ−Ｔｉ合金超電導線材におけ
る交流モード運転時の損失が非常に大きいからである。2. Description of the Related Art Most of current superconducting magnets are operated in a DC mode. This is because the loss of the ordinary copper (Cu) stabilized Nb-Ti alloy superconducting wire during the AC mode operation is very large.
【０００３】超電導線の交流損失は、ヒステリシス損
失，結合損失および渦電流損失の３成分の和からなって
いる。この３成分の損失を低減させるために、次のよう
な方策が講じられている。[0003] The AC loss of a superconducting wire is composed of the sum of three components of hysteresis loss, coupling loss and eddy current loss. The following measures have been taken to reduce the loss of these three components.
【０００４】（１）Ｎｂ−Ｔｉ合金フィラメントをサブ
ミクロンオーダーまで超極細化する。(1) Ultrafine ultrafine Nb-Ti alloy filaments to submicron order.
【０００５】（２）図３の断面図に示すように、Ｎｂ−
Ｔｉ合金フィラメント１とＣｕ−Ｎｉ合金４との間にＣ
ｕ−Ｍｎ合金材６による高抵抗層を介在させる。(2) As shown in the sectional view of FIG.
C between the Ti alloy filament 1 and the Cu-Ni alloy 4
A high resistance layer of the u-Mn alloy material 6 is interposed.
【０００６】（３）線径を小さくし、かつ、ツイストピ
ッチを小さくする。(3) To reduce the wire diameter and the twist pitch.
【０００７】（４）安定化銅をＣｕ−Ｎｉ合金の高抵抗
層で分割する。(4) The stabilized copper is divided by a Cu—Ni alloy high resistance layer.
【０００８】これらの幾何学的構成の改善を行うことに
より結合損失および渦電流損失は大幅に低減されたが、
ヒステリシス損失の低減を図ることは未だ不十分なもの
がある。[0008] While these geometric improvements have led to significant reductions in coupling and eddy current losses,
Attempts to reduce hysteresis loss are still insufficient.
【０００９】ヒステリシス損失は超電導線の磁化に起因
する損失であり、これを小さくするためには、フィラメ
ント径を小さくすることが望ましい。理論的にはＮｂ−
Ｔｉ超電導線では０．１μｍのフィラメント径が最適で
あるといわれている。しかし、フィラメント径を小さく
していくと、フィラメント間隔が非常に狭くなり、超電
導電子がＣｕ−Ｎｉ合金中に滲み出してフィラメント同
士が電気的に結合してしまい、実質的にフィラメントが
太くなったような挙動を示すことになる。これを近接効
果という。この近接効果は事実上のフィラメント径の増
大を意味するため、ヒステリシス損失の増加を引き起こ
してしまう。この対策として、現在まで次の３つの方法
が試みられている。The hysteresis loss is a loss caused by the magnetization of the superconducting wire. To reduce the hysteresis loss, it is desirable to reduce the filament diameter. Theoretically, Nb-
It is said that a 0.1 μm filament diameter is optimal for a Ti superconducting wire. However, as the filament diameter was reduced, the filament interval became very narrow, the superconducting material oozed out into the Cu-Ni alloy, and the filaments were electrically coupled, and the filaments became substantially thicker. Such behavior will be shown. This is called a proximity effect. This proximity effect means an increase in the diameter of the filament, which causes an increase in hysteresis loss. As a countermeasure, the following three methods have been tried so far.
【００１０】（１）フィラメント間隔を広げる。(1) The filament interval is increased.
【００１１】（２）Ｃｕ−Ｎｉ合金のＮｉ濃度を１０重
量％から３０重量％に高くすることにより高抵抗化して
超電導電子の滲み出しを防ぐ。(2) By increasing the Ni concentration of the Cu—Ni alloy from 10% by weight to 30% by weight, the resistance is increased to prevent bleeding of the superconductor.
【００１２】（３）強い磁気モーメントをもつＭｎ元素
を含むＣｕ−Ｍｎ合金をＮｂ−Ｔｉ合金フィラメントの
周りに配置させ、超電導電子の滲み出しを防ぐ。(3) A Cu-Mn alloy containing a Mn element having a strong magnetic moment is arranged around the Nb-Ti alloy filament to prevent bleeding of the superconductor.
【００１３】以上３つの何れの方法でもヒステリシス損
失をより低減させることが可能となった。[0013] The hysteresis loss can be further reduced by any of the above three methods.
【００１４】[0014]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】以上のような近接効果
による低減対策として考えられた３つの方法は、即ち、 「（１）フィラメント間隔を大きくする。（２）Ｃｕ−
Ｎｉ合金のＮｉ濃度を１０重量％から３０重量％に増加
させる。（３）Ｃｕ−Ｎｉ合金の内層（Ｎｂ−Ｔｉ合金
フィラメントの周り）にＣｕ−Ｍｎ合金を配置する。」
ことの３つであったが、上記（１）の場合、線全体に対
するＮｂ−Ｔｉ合金の占積率が低下するために電流密度
が低下してしまう。また、上記（２）の場合、Ｃｕ−３
０重量％ＮｉではＮｂ−Ｔｉ合金の硬さの違いが大き
く、加工性に難点がある。さらに、上記（３）の場合、
加工性の面でも問題なく、フィラメント間隔も小さくす
ることができるが、Ｎｂ−Ｔｉ合金／Ｃｕ−Ｍｎ合金／
Ｃｕ−Ｎｉ合金の３層構造を採るため、従来のＮｂ−Ｔ
ｉ合金／Ｃｕ−Ｎｉ合金の２層構造のものに比べて加工
段階の工程が増えることになる。The three methods considered as the countermeasures for reduction by the proximity effect as described above are as follows: "(1) Increase the filament interval. (2) Cu-
The Ni concentration of the Ni alloy is increased from 10% by weight to 30% by weight. (3) A Cu-Mn alloy is arranged on the inner layer of the Cu-Ni alloy (around the Nb-Ti alloy filament). "
However, in the case of the above (1), since the space factor of the Nb-Ti alloy with respect to the entire wire is reduced, the current density is reduced. In the case of the above (2), Cu-3
At 0 wt% Ni, the difference in hardness of the Nb-Ti alloy is large, and there is a problem in workability. Further, in the case of the above (3),
There is no problem in workability, and the filament interval can be reduced.
To adopt a three-layer structure of Cu-Ni alloy, the conventional Nb-T
The number of processing steps is increased as compared with the i-alloy / Cu-Ni alloy two-layer structure.
【００１５】この発明の目的は、前記した従来技術の欠
点を解消し、高臨界電流密度，低交流損失化が可能な超
電導線を作製することにある。An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art and to produce a superconducting wire capable of achieving a high critical current density and a low AC loss.
【００１６】[0016]
【課題を解決すための手段】この発明の要旨は、上記し
た目的を達成するため、Ｎｂ−Ｔｉ合金フィラメント周
りのＣｕ−Ｍｎ合金／Ｃｕ−Ｎｉ合金からなる２層構造
をＣｕ−Ｎｉ−Ｍｎ合金とすることで、近接効果の低減
作用を損なうことなく、その構造を簡素化し、加工工程
を増やさずに高臨界電流密度，低交流損失のＮｂ−Ｔｉ
合金超電導線材を作製したものである。The gist of the present invention is to provide a two-layer structure of Cu-Mn alloy / Cu-Ni alloy around an Nb-Ti alloy filament to achieve the above object. By using an alloy, the structure can be simplified without impairing the effect of reducing the proximity effect, and without increasing the number of processing steps, Nb-Ti having a high critical current density and a low AC loss can be obtained.
An alloy superconducting wire was produced.
【００１７】[0017]
【実施例】以下、図面を参照してこの発明の実施例を説
明する。図１は一実施例のＮｂ−Ｔｉ合金超電導線材の
構成を示す横断面図である。この図では併せて各素材部
分を引き出して拡大して示している。即ち、Ｎｂ−Ｔｉ
合金フィラメント素材１としてＮｂ−４６．５重量％Ｔ
ｉ合金材を用意し、このＮｂ−Ｔｉ合金の棒をＣｕ−１
０重量％Ｎｉ−１重量％Ｍｎ合金製の被覆材２と複合化
し、直径１２ｍｍφの押出材を作製した。これを、引抜
伸線し、対辺距離が１．３９ｍｍの６角断面のシングル
線とした。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an Nb-Ti alloy superconducting wire of one embodiment. In this figure, each material portion is also drawn out and enlarged. That is, Nb-Ti
Nb-46.5 wt% T as alloy filament material 1
An i-alloy material is prepared, and this Nb-Ti alloy rod is
An extruded material having a diameter of 12 mm was prepared by combining with a coating material 2 made of a 0 wt% Ni-1 wt% Mn alloy. This was drawn and drawn to form a single line having a hexagonal cross section with the opposite side distance of 1.39 mm.
【００１８】このシングル線２５３本をＣｕ−１０重量
％Ｎｉ合金管３に挿入組立てし、押出ビレットとした。
この押出ビレットをそれぞれ静水圧押出しにて外形１２
ｍｍとした後、引抜伸線して対辺距離が１．３９ｍｍの
６角断面のサブマルチ線とした。253 single wires were inserted and assembled into a Cu-10% by weight Ni alloy tube 3 to obtain an extruded billet.
Each of the extruded billets was subjected to hydrostatic extrusion to obtain an outer shape 12
mm, the wire was drawn and drawn to obtain a sub-multi wire having a hexagonal cross section with an opposite side distance of 1.39 mm.
【００１９】次に、このサブマルチ線の１９８本と同サ
イズのＣｕ−１０重量％Ｎｉ合金被覆銅線からなるダミ
ー線の５５本を、Ｃｕ−１０重量％Ｎｉ合金製の管４に
挿入組立し、それぞれ押出用ビレットとした。各押出用
ビレットをそれぞれ静水圧押出して外形１２ｍｍに加工
した。Next, 55 dummy wires composed of Cu-10 wt% Ni alloy coated copper wire of the same size as the 198 sub multi wires are inserted and assembled into a tube 4 made of Cu-10 wt% Ni alloy. , Each of which was a billet for extrusion. Each of the extruded billets was extruded with hydrostatic pressure to form an outer shape of 12 mm.
【００２０】その後、それらの押出材について、それぞ
れ途中で３００℃〜３７５℃の温度範囲で５０時間時効
熱処理を施した後引抜伸線したものと、この熱処理を行
なわないで引抜伸線したもの（冷間加工のみのもの）を
それぞれツイスト加工し、外径０．１ｍｍ，フィラメン
ト径０．２μｍ，フィラメント間隔０．０８μｍ，ツイ
ストピッチ０．８ｍｍ，素線径０．１ｍｍの線材とし
た。この線材の断面構成比はＣｕ：Ｃｕ−Ｎｉ−Ｍｎ合
金：Ｎｂ−Ｔｉ合金＝０．６：３．０９：１となってい
る。Thereafter, each of the extruded materials was subjected to aging heat treatment at a temperature range of 300 ° C. to 375 ° C. for 50 hours, then drawn and drawn, and drawn and drawn without performing this heat treatment ( (Only cold-worked) were twisted to obtain a wire having an outer diameter of 0.1 mm, a filament diameter of 0.2 μm, a filament interval of 0.08 μm, a twist pitch of 0.8 mm, and a strand diameter of 0.1 mm. The cross-sectional composition ratio of this wire is Cu: Cu—Ni—Mn alloy: Nb—Ti alloy = 0.6: 3.09: 1.
【００２１】第１表に、以上のようにして作製した５種
類の線材の外部印加磁界０．５（Ｔ）中での臨界電流密
度ＪｃとＳＱＵＩＤ型磁束計により測定した±０．５
（Ｔ／ｃｙｃｌｅ）当りのヒステリシス損失を示した。Table 1 shows the critical current densities Jc of the five types of wires produced as described above in an externally applied magnetic field of 0.5 (T) and ± 0.5 measured with a SQUID magnetometer.
Hysteresis loss per (T / cycle) was shown.
【００２２】[0022]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２３】この表よりヒステリシス損失は０．４〜
０．８ｋＪ／ｍ3の値をとり、Ｃｕ−Ｎｉ−Ｍｎ合金の
部分をＭｎを除いたＣｕ−Ｎｉ合金にした以外は全て同
じ条件で作製した線のヒステリシス損失の約２／３に減
少した。According to this table, the hysteresis loss is 0.4 to
Taking a value of 0.8 kJ / m 3 , the hysteresis loss was reduced to about 2/3 of the hysteresis loss of the wires manufactured under the same conditions except that the Cu-Ni-Mn alloy was changed to a Cu-Ni alloy excluding Mn. .
【００２４】なお、今回はＣｕ−Ｎｉ−Ｍｎ合金層のＮ
ｉ濃度を１０重量％，Ｍｎ濃度１重量％としたが、も
し、加工性とＣｕ−Ｎｉ−Ｍｎ合金自身のヒシテリシス
損失に問題がなければ、結合損失および近接効果の低減
により効果があがり、フィラメント間隔をより小さくす
ることができ、ひいてはより一層の高電流密度化が期待
できる。In addition, this time, the N--N--Cu--Ni--Mn alloy layer
The i concentration was set to 10% by weight and the Mn concentration was set to 1% by weight. However, if there is no problem in the workability and the hysteresis loss of the Cu—Ni—Mn alloy itself, the effect is improved by reducing the coupling loss and the proximity effect, and The interval can be made smaller, and further higher current density can be expected.
【００２５】次に、他の実施例としてＣｕ−Ｎｉ−Ｍｎ
合金とＮｂ−Ｔｉ合金の間にＮｂ−Ｔｉ合金に対し重量
比１０％以下のＮｂ層を配置した線材について上記例と
同様に加工を行った。Ｎｂ層を配置した線材は、時効熱
処理時に生成されるＮｂ−Ｔｉ合金中のＴｎとＣｕ−Ｎ
ｉ−Ｍｎ合金中のＣｕとの化合物Ｃｕ−Ｔｉの生成を抑
える効果がある。Next, as another embodiment, Cu--Ni--Mn
A wire in which an Nb layer having a weight ratio of 10% or less with respect to the Nb-Ti alloy was disposed between the alloy and the Nb-Ti alloy was processed in the same manner as in the above example. The wire on which the Nb layer is arranged is made of Tn and Cu-N in the Nb-Ti alloy generated during the aging heat treatment.
This has the effect of suppressing the formation of the compound Cu-Ti with Cu in the i-Mn alloy.
【００２６】前述したように、Ｃｕ−Ｍｎ合金およびＣ
ｕ−Ｎｉ−Ｍｎ合金は近接効果の低減作用を有するが、
Ｍｎは強い磁気モーメントをもつためにＣｕ−Ｎｉ−Ｍ
ｎ合金自身がヒステリシス損失をもっている。このた
め、Ｍｎ濃度には限界があり、重量比で２％が上限であ
る。加えてＮｉ濃度も加工性という観点から重量比で３
０％が上限である。As mentioned above, Cu-Mn alloy and C
Although the u-Ni-Mn alloy has the effect of reducing the proximity effect,
Mn has a strong magnetic moment, so Cu-Ni-M
The n alloy itself has a hysteresis loss. For this reason, the Mn concentration has a limit, and the upper limit is 2% by weight. In addition, the Ni concentration is 3% by weight from the viewpoint of workability.
0% is the upper limit.
【００２７】また、この発明による超電導線材は、多心
構造の単線である必要はなく、線材の大容量化のために
複数本の多芯構造の線材を素線とした撚線であっても差
し支えない。Further, the superconducting wire according to the present invention does not need to be a single wire having a multi-core structure, and may be a stranded wire having a plurality of wires having a multi-core structure as a strand in order to increase the capacity of the wire. No problem.
【発明の効果】以上説明したとおり、この発明のＮｂ−
Ｔｉ合金超電導線材によれば、交流用途を目的とするフ
ィラメント径が１μｍ以下のＮｂ−Ｔｉ合金超電導線材
において、Ｎｂ−Ｔｉ合金フィラメントの周りにＣｕ−
Ｎｉ−Ｍｎ合金層を配置することにより近接効果が低減
され、従来のＣｕ−Ｍｎ合金／Ｃｕ−Ｎｉ合金構造より
も構造が簡素で、かつ、低交流損失のＮｂ−Ｔｉ超電導
線材を容易に作製することができる効果がある。As described above, according to the present invention, the Nb-
According to the Ti alloy superconducting wire, in a Nb-Ti alloy superconducting wire having a filament diameter of 1 μm or less for AC use, Cu-
By arranging the Ni-Mn alloy layer, the proximity effect is reduced, the structure is simpler than the conventional Cu-Mn alloy / Cu-Ni alloy structure, and the Nb-Ti superconducting wire having low AC loss is easily manufactured. There is an effect that can be.
【図１】この発明のＮｂ−Ｔｉ合金超電導線材の一実施
例を示す横断面図、FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of an Nb—Ti alloy superconducting wire of the present invention;
【図２】この発明のＮｂ−Ｔｉ合金フィラメント周りの
構造図、FIG. 2 is a structural diagram around an Nb—Ti alloy filament of the present invention;
【図３】従来のＮｂ−Ｔｉ合金フィラメント周りの構造
図である。FIG. 3 is a structural diagram around a conventional Nb—Ti alloy filament.
１ Ｎｂ−Ｔｉ合金フィラメント素材 ２ Ｃｕ−Ｎｉ−Ｍｎ合金 ３ Ｃｕ−Ｎｉ合金 ４ Ｃｕ−Ｎｉ合金 ５ Ｎｂ−Ｎｉ合金超電導線材 ６ Ｃｕ−Ｍｎ合金 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Nb-Ti alloy filament material 2 Cu-Ni-Mn alloy 3 Cu-Ni alloy 4 Cu-Ni alloy 5 Nb-Ni alloy superconducting wire 6 Cu-Mn alloy
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 鎌田 圀尚 東京都千代田区丸の内二丁目１番２号 「日立電線株式会社内」 (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) H01B 12/06 H01B 12/10 ＪＩＣＳＴファイル（ＪＯＩＳ)──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Kunihisa Kamada 2-1-2, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo "Hitachi Cable Co., Ltd." (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) H01B 12/06 H01B 12/10 JICST file (JOIS)
Claims (2)
Ｎｉ合金層を配置してなるＮｂ−Ｔｉ超電導線材におい
て、上記Ｃｕ−Ｎｉ合金をＣｕ−Ｎｉ−Ｍｎ合金に置き
換えたことを特徴とするＮｂ−Ｔｉ合金超電導線材。1. The method according to claim 1, wherein the Nb-Ti filament is surrounded by Cu-
An Nb-Ti alloy superconducting wire comprising a Ni alloy layer, wherein the Cu-Ni alloy is replaced with a Cu-Ni-Mn alloy.
Ｎｉ合金層を配置してなるＮｂ−Ｔｉ超電導線材におい
て、上記Ｃｕ−Ｎｉ合金をＣｕ−Ｎｉ−Ｍｎ合金に置き
換えると共に、その内側にＮｂ層を配置したことを特徴
とするＮｂ−Ｔｉ合金超電導線材。2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of:
An Nb-Ti superconducting wire comprising a Ni alloy layer, wherein the Cu-Ni alloy is replaced by a Cu-Ni-Mn alloy and an Nb layer is arranged inside the Nb-Ti superconducting wire. .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3276452A JP3018663B2 (en) | 1991-09-30 | 1991-09-30 | Nb-Ti alloy superconducting wire |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3276452A JP3018663B2 (en) | 1991-09-30 | 1991-09-30 | Nb-Ti alloy superconducting wire |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0594722A JPH0594722A (en) | 1993-04-16 |
| JP3018663B2 true JP3018663B2 (en) | 2000-03-13 |
Family
ID=17569636
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3276452A Expired - Fee Related JP3018663B2 (en) | 1991-09-30 | 1991-09-30 | Nb-Ti alloy superconducting wire |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3018663B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015004234A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2015-01-08 | 日鐵住金建材株式会社 | Joint for fence and fence |
-
1991
- 1991-09-30 JP JP3276452A patent/JP3018663B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015004234A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2015-01-08 | 日鐵住金建材株式会社 | Joint for fence and fence |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0594722A (en) | 1993-04-16 |
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