JP3010093B2 - Injection processing method and injection gun used therefor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method in which solid particles are ejected by a fluid pressurized together with a liquid to collide with the surface of a workpiece, and the surface of the workpiece is processed by giving effects such as cutting, impact, and friction. The present invention relates to an injection processing method and an injection gun used for the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 5, a conventional injection gun for injection processing using solid particles is provided with a processing nozzle B in a main body A, a solid particle introduction port C on one side, and a mixing chamber D. And then jetting from the jet nozzle E. When used for sandblasting, an abrasive is introduced from an inlet C of solid particles or the like, compressed air is introduced from a processing nozzle B, and the abrasive is injected from an injection nozzle E by the processing. Further, when used as a liquid honing, a slurry in which an abrasive and a liquid are mixed is introduced from the solid particle introduction port C, compressed air is introduced from the processing nozzle B, and is ejected from the ejection nozzle E. Further, when used as an abrasive water jet, a slurry is introduced from the solid particle introduction port C, a processing liquid is introduced from the processing nozzle B, and the processing liquid is jetted from the injection nozzle E.

In any of the above-mentioned processing means, the trajectories of the injected solid particles and the liquid have a conical shape. On the other hand, there has always been a technical requirement that the plane be machined as uniformly as possible, but many of the solutions to that requirement have described the conical cross-section of the conical trajectory, i.e. In general, the injection guns are arranged in a row so that adjacent parts thereof overlap.

[0004] An injection nozzle having a rectangular cross section has been proposed as Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-5899. In this configuration, as shown in FIG. 6, a rectangular injection nozzle G is provided in parallel with the slurry flow path F, and an air nozzle H passing through the slurry flow path F above the injection nozzle G is desired. Has become. The injection gun forcibly ejects the accelerated solid particles according to the shape of the nozzle. A pressurized processing method is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 29-4747. In this method, solid particles and a liquid are put in a pressure tank, compressed air is introduced into the tank to pressurize the tank, and a processed slurry is taken out from a lower part of the pressure tank, and an injection gun is used. Leads to
Processing is performed by injecting with compressed air separately introduced from an injection nozzle.

[0005]

In the above-mentioned injection gun, in order to perform an injection processing on a wide area uniformly, a large number of injection guns are arranged in a line to obtain a uniform processing pattern, or the injection is performed by a nozzle. Was forced to be flattened by the shape of. However, when the injection guns are arranged in a line, a uniform processing effect cannot be obtained due to interference between the jets. Further, if the jet flow is forcibly changed depending on the shape of the nozzle, there is a problem that uneven friction occurs at a certain portion of the nozzle. The pressurized type has an advantage that the pressure energy of the compressed air is almost completely used for accelerating the slurry, but the above problem has not been solved at all.

Accordingly, in the present invention, the jet of solid particles and liquid discharged at a certain pressure is corrected by another fluid into a nearly rectangular shape with the help of the shape of the nozzle, and the jet and the correction jet are corrected. An object of the present invention is to provide an injection processing method and an injection gun capable of performing uniform and flat processing by giving a limited condition to a relationship with a fluid.

[0007]

According to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, liquid and solid particles are charged into a pressurizing tank so as to keep the volume ratio within a certain range, and both are uniformly stirred. While maintaining the mixed state, compressed air is introduced from the upper part of the pressurizing tank, and liquid and solid particles are mixed from the lower part of the pressurizing tank, and the pressurized slurry is guided to the spray gun to be sprayed. In the spraying method, a slurry in which a volume ratio of solid particles to liquid is uniformly stirred at a ratio of 2 to 5 with respect to solid particles 1 is introduced into a spray gun, and an acceleration fluid is separately added. As described above, compressed air is introduced into the injection gun at a pressure equal to or slightly lower than the compressed air pressure in the pressurizing tank, and the slurry under pressure is mixed at the nozzle portion parallel to the compressed air for acceleration. , With solid particles in the slurry Blasting method to accelerate and is distributed injected by the introduction of accelerating the compressed air and a body or speed by Enerugii with the Surarii pressurized is obtained by constituting the.

Further, a gap between two parallel nozzle plates is formed to 0.5 to 3.0 mm to form a box-shaped nozzle, and a 0.1 to 0.8 m above the nozzle communicates with the nozzle.
forming a box-shaped slurry supply groove having a small gap of m, providing a horizontal slurry supply path communicating with the slurry supply groove above the slurry supply groove, attaching slurry supply conduits on both sides, The injection gun has a configuration in which an inclined air supply path is connected to the air supply path and an air supply conduit for introducing compressed air for acceleration is connected to the air supply path.

[0009]

The present invention is constructed as described above, and a fluid having a volume ratio of 2 to 5 times the solid particles 1 is stirred and uniformly mixed in a pressurizing tank to form a slurry. The slurry is sent to the injection gun while pressurized, and compressed air for acceleration is separately sent to the injection gun at a pressure equal to or slightly lower than the compressed air pressure for pressurization. The slurry and the compressed air are mixed to accelerate at a speed higher than the speed due to the energy of the slurry, and at the same time, the solid particles are uniformly dispersed to perform the injection processing.

In the case of an injection gun, the slurry introduced from the slurry supply pipes on both sides flows into a horizontal slurry supply path, and the slurry being processed is conveyed by a narrow gap of 0.1.
The slurry is fed into a slurry supply groove having a width of up to 0.8 mm, and is fed into a nozzle having a width of 0.5 to 3.0 mm which is slightly wider.
This box-shaped nozzle mixes with the compressed air for acceleration to disperse the solid particles and the liquid in the slurry and uniformly jet them.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Before describing the injection machining method, an injection gun A used will be described. A block 1 and a block 2 each having two substantially rectangular shapes, the lower ends of which are inclined, are joined to each other, and both ends are respectively covered with a lid 3. , 4 to assemble. Then, at the center of one of the blocks 2, a shape having the same shape as the outer shape is formed.
The notch 6 provided with is formed. And the other block 1
Is provided with a rectangular notch hole 7 on the opposite surface. In the notch hole 6, an intermediate member 9 having a half baseball base base plate having an inclined surface 8 with a lower end inclined inward by a mold
Are fitted so that the upper surfaces can be brought into contact with each other, and a vertical surface is fitted into the notch hole 7 and fixed to the one lid 4. The outer vertical surface of the intermediate member 9, the inclined surface 8, the vertical surface of the block 2, and the inclined surface 5.
To form an air supply path 10.

Also, semi-circular notches 11 and 12 are respectively provided in the contact surface between the block 1 and the intermediate member 9 in the horizontal direction to form a slurry supply path 13. This slurry supply path 1
The slurry supply conduits 14.15 are fixed to the lids 3 and 4, respectively, so as to communicate with the slurry supply conduits 14.15 on both sides of the lid 3. On the lower surface of the slurry supply path 13, a slurry supply groove 16 is formed vertically between the block 1 and the intermediate member 9 so as to have a gap of 0.1 to 0.8 mm. A notch 17 is provided on the lower surface of the block 1 following the slurry supply path 13 to fit and fix the nozzle plate 18, and the upper surface has the same inclined surface 19 as the inclined surface 5 at a position facing the nozzle plate 18. The nozzle plate 30 is fixed to the inner surface of the lower end of the block 2 to form the nozzle 21 between the nozzle plates 18 and 20. The gap between the nozzles 21 is the plate 1 for both nozzles.
The thickness is adjusted according to the thickness of 8, 20. The gap is desirably 0.5 to 3.0 mm. If the slurry supply groove 16 has a thickness of 0.1 mm or less, the amount of slurry becomes extremely small, and processing is reduced. If it is 0.8 mm or more, it is necessary to increase the gap between the nozzles 21 in proportion to this. Even if the amount of slurry and the amount of compressed air increase, the processing does not increase more in proportion. That is, the efficiency is deteriorated. Therefore, 0.8 mm or more is not practical. The gap between the nozzles 21
When the thickness is less than 0.5 mm, the slurry supply groove 16 becomes smaller, so that the processing is reduced. In one block 2, air supply pipes 22, 22, 22 are provided at three locations.
Are mounted so as to communicate with the air supply path 10. In addition, it is packing 23 and 24 in FIG. 1, FIG.

The embodiment of the injection gun a is constructed as described above, and is a slurry b which is a mixture of fixed particles and a liquid.
Is sent from the slurry supply conduits 14 and 15 on both sides to the slurry supply passage 13, and is sent to the nozzle 21 through the slurry supply groove 16.
Inject from At this time, compressed air for acceleration supplied from the air conduits 22, 22, 22 is sent from the air supply passage 10 to the nozzle 21 which is a parallel portion, and is injected from the nozzle 21 in a state of being mixed with the slurry b.

An injection processing method using the injection gun a configured as described above will be described using an apparatus for performing the method. This apparatus is composed of a processing device 30 and a slurry circulation device 31. The processing apparatus 30 is provided with a hopper 33 at a lower portion of the injection processing cabinet 32, the injection gun a is installed at an appropriate position of the injection processing cabinet 32, and a slurry b is introduced from the slurry supply conduits 14 and 15, and an air supply conduit is provided. From 22, 22, 22, pressurized air having a pressure equal to or slightly lower (about 20%) than the pressure of the slurry (2.0 to 5.0 kgf / cm ² ) is introduced.
The ratio of the volume of air used for acceleration to the amount of slurry is preferably 150 to 300, preferably 200 to 250, with respect to the slurry 1. The ratio between the amount of compressed air for acceleration and the amount of slurry is as shown in FIG.
Looking at the processing power and this ratio, a certain place shows the best result, and before and after it gradually decreases,
A place with a high working force in the range of ~ 300 is appropriate.

On the other hand, one end of a slurry pipe 35 connected to a slurry pump 34 is connected to a lower portion of the hopper 33, and receives and stores solid particles and liquid (mainly water) which have collided with the surface of the workpiece and fall. Hopper 33
Slurry circulation device 31 for recovering slurry from the
To the liquid cyclone 36. In the slurry circulation device 31, a supply tank 38, a storage tank 39, and a pressurization tank 40 are sequentially installed from above in a cabinet 37, each of which is in a sealed state, and a lower end of the supply tank 38 and a storage tank 39 are provided. The upper end of the storage tank 39 and the upper end of the processing tank 40 are connected by a connection pipe 44 having a storage valve 43.

The uppermost supply tank 38 has an upper surface with the lower end of the above-mentioned fluid cyclone 36 opened, and further has a solid particle supply port 47 of a conduit 46 communicating with the solid particle tank 45 opened. . Therefore, a certain amount of solid particles and liquid are always stored in the supply tank 38. In the middle storage tank 39, by opening the supply valve 41, the slurry b, which is a mixture of a certain percentage of solid particles and liquid, is transferred from the supply tank 38 to the storage tank 39. Also, the lowermost pressurizing tank 4
0 is provided with a secondary circuit 48 connected to the side wall and the lower surface. The secondary circuit 48 is provided with a pressure conversion device 49 such as a vacuum pump or a diaphragm pump, a flow control valve 50 and a pressure control valve 51, and opens an air jet port 52 on the lower surface of the tank to open the inside of the pressurizing tank 40. The pressurized air is discharged by the secondary circuit 48, the pressure is increased by the pressure converter 49, and the slurry b is stirred by discharging the pressurized air from the air outlet 52. At this time, the volume ratio between the solid particles and the liquid is set so that the liquid is in the range of 2 to 5 with respect to the solid particles 1.
For processing, the larger the number of solid particles, the better. However, if the amount is too large, the slurry concentration becomes high, the fluidity becomes poor, and the abrasion of piping and the like becomes severe. Therefore,
The upper limit is set to liquid 2 or less with respect to solid particles 1. If the lower limit is too small, the number of solid particles in the slurry will be small and processing will be poor, so the liquid 5 is suitable. On the other hand, a slurry discharge port 53 is opened in the lower part of the pressurizing tank 40 and connected to the slurry supply pipe 14 to introduce compressed air introduced from the main air valve 54 within a range of 2.0 to 5.0 kgf / cm ^2. The slurry b is supplied to the injection gun a by being pressurized.

The apparatus used in the present invention is constructed as described above, and stores the solid particles and the liquid in the pressurizing tank 40 so that the ratio of the liquid to the solid particles 1 is 2-5. 39, and pressurized air in the pressurizing tank 40 is supplied from the secondary circuit 48 to the air outlet 5 on the lower surface of the tank.
2 to make a uniform slurry b. Then, the main air valve 54 is opened to supply compressed air of 2.0 to 5.0 kgf /
pressurized in the range of cm ^2, is supplied from both sides of Surarii supply conduit 14, 15 Surarii supply passage 13 of the Surarii b spray gun a, ejects the workpiece from the nozzle 21 through the Surarii supply groove 16.

On the other hand, several air supply conduits 22, 22, 2
2 to supply compressed air for acceleration equal to or slightly lower than the pressure of the pressurized air (about 20%) at a ratio of 150 to 300 with respect to the slurry 1 in volume ratio with respect to the amount of the slurry;
The solid particles in the slurry b are uniformly dispersed in the liquid by being sprayed from the air supply path 10 to the upper portion of the nozzle 21 and then sprayed on the workpiece. The gap between the nozzles 21 is adjusted by the thickness of the nozzle plates 18 and 20 on both sides.

Next, Table 1 shows a comparison of the processing efficiency between the present embodiment and the standard type liquid honing injection gun (see FIG. 5).

[Table 1] In Table 1, a slurry was prepared by putting 20% of glass beads as solid particles into an aluminum plate having a thickness of 3.2 mm and uniformly mixing the slurry. The weight of the sample was measured before and after the processing, and the difference was defined as the processing amount, and the numerical value was expressed as a% value with the processing amount by the standard type liquid honing injection gun as 100. FIG. 4 shows Table 1 shown in FIG. As is apparent from FIG. 4, increasing the pressure of the compressed air for acceleration does not always lead to a linear increase in the processing amount in the case of the injection gun of the present invention. The change of the processing amount with respect to the pressure becomes a quadratic curve, and it is advantageous to perform the processing within the range of the processing pressure showing the peak of the quadratic curve.

Incidentally, there is a relationship between the number of solid particles in the slurry to be projected and the volume of compressed air for acceleration. If the solid particles are uniformly dispersed in the jet stream, respectively, The air volume needed for acceleration may be required,
No such situation is possible. However, if the amount of air is too large, the processing efficiency becomes low, and if the number of solid particles is too large, the number of insufficiently accelerated solid particles increases. If the pressure of the accelerating compressed air is increased, the amount of air can be increased if other conditions are the same, the flow rate of the air can be increased, and the acceleration of the solid particles can be accelerated to increase the processing efficiency, but there are also limitations.

[0021]

According to the method of the present invention, since the slurry is mixed with the slurry in the nozzle at the pressure of the compressed compressed air for acceleration equal to or slightly lower than the pressure of the slurry being pressurized in the pressurizing tank, As the air mixes more, the compressed air expands rapidly toward the nozzle outlet, injecting it while accelerating the slurry flow. As a result,
Uniform processing can be performed over a wide processing area. In the case of the injection gun, the slurry can be satisfactorily injected by forming the nozzle to be wider than the slurry supply groove communicating with the slurry supply passage.

Further, by introducing compressed air for acceleration into the parallel nozzles, the solid particles and the liquid in the slurry can be uniformly dispersed, and uniform processing can be performed. Further, the nozzle width can be easily adjusted by changing the thickness of the two nozzle plates.
Although the processing efficiency is inferior to the conventional standard type liquid Boning spray gun, the length of the opening can be uniformly processed over the entire width.

[0023]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an arrangement of an embodiment of an apparatus used for an injection machining method according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the injection gun according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a view showing a relationship between a slurry air volume ratio and a specific working force by the present invention and a standard type liquid honing injection gun.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a standard liquid honing injection gun.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional flat injection gun.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 block 2 block 3 lid 4 lid 5 inclined surface 6 notch hole 7 notch hole 8 inclined surface 9 intermediate member 10 air supply path 11 notch 12 notch 13 slurry supply path 14 slurry supply conduit 15 slurry supply conduit 16 slurry supply Groove 17 Notch 18 Nozzle plate 19 Inclined surface 20 Nozzle plate 21 Nozzle 22 Air supply conduit 23 Packing 24 Packing 30 Processing device 31 Slurry circulation device 32 Injection processing cabinet 33 Hopper 34 Slurry pump 35 Slurry piping 36 Liquid cyclone 37 Cabinet 38 Reinforcement tank 39 Storage tank 40 Pressurization tank 41 Reinforcement valve 42 Connection pipe 43 Storage valve 44 Connection pipe 45 Solid particle tank 46 Conduit 47 Solid particle supply port 48 Secondary circuit 49 Pressure converter 50 Flow control valve 51 Pressure control valve 52 Air outlet 53 Slurry outlet 54 Main air valve a Injection gun b Slurry

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B24C 1/00 B24C 3/00 B24C 5/02-5/04 B24C 7/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A liquid and a solid particle are charged into a pressurizing tank so as to keep the volume ratio within a certain range, and the two are uniformly stirred and mixed from the upper part of the pressurizing tank while maintaining a mixed state. In the injection processing method in which the compressed air is introduced and the liquid and the solid particles are mixed from the lower part of the pressurizing tank and the pressurized slurry is guided to the injection gun and injected, the volume ratio of the solid particles to the liquid is reduced. A slurry kept uniformly stirred at a ratio of 2 to 5 with respect to the solid particles 1 is introduced into the injection gun, and compressed air is separately equalized to the compressed air pressure in the pressurizing tank as an accelerating fluid. Alternatively, the slurry is introduced into the injection gun at a slightly lower pressure, and the pressurized slurry is mixed at the nozzle portion parallel to the compressed air for acceleration, and the solid particles and the liquid in the slurry are mixed with the compressed air for acceleration. Slurry pressurized by introduction An injection machining method characterized in that the injection is accelerated and dispersed at a speed higher than the speed due to the energy possessed by the injection. 2. A box-shaped nozzle is formed by forming a gap between two parallel nozzle plates at 0.5 to 3.0 mm.
A box-shaped slurry supply groove having a small gap of 0.1 to 0.8 mm communicating with the nozzle is formed above the nozzle, and a horizontal slurry supply path communicating with the slurry supply groove is provided above the slurry supply groove. And a slurry supply conduit attached to both sides of the nozzle, an upper part of the nozzle communicating with an inclined air supply path, and an air supply conduit for introducing compressed air for acceleration communicating with the air supply path.