JPH0623669A - Injection machining method and injection gun used therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform uniform machining of the whole of a wide area to be machined by a method wherein compressed air for acceleration is introduced to an injection gun at a pressure equal to or slightly lower than a compressed air pressure in a tank for pressurization to mix the compressed air with pressure slurry. CONSTITUTION:Liquid having a volume 2-5 times as large as that of solid particles 1 is agitated and uniformly mixed with the solid particles in a tank 40 for pressure to produce slurry (b). In a pressurized state, the slurry is fed to an injection gun (a) and different compressed air for acceleration is fed to an injection gun at a pressure equal to or slightly lower than a compressed air pressure for pressurization, and the slurry and the compressed air are mixed together by means of a box type nozzle part 21. Acceleration higher than a speed by energy possessed by the slurry is effected and solid particles are uniformly dispersed to effect injection machining. In this case, the injection gun (a) forms a box-form nozzle 21 where a gap of 0.5-3.0mm is provided between two nozzle plates 18 and 20 paralleling each other, and is provided with a box-form slurry feed groove 16 having a small gap of 0.1-0.8mm communicated with an upper injection nozzle and a compressed air feed passage 10 for acceleration.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention jets solid particles together with a liquid by a pressurized fluid to collide with the surface of a work piece, and the surface of the work piece is processed by cutting, impact, friction and the like. The present invention relates to an injection processing method and an injection gun used for the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 5, a conventional injection gun for injection processing using solid particles is provided with a processing nozzle B in a main body A, a solid particle introduction port C on one side, and a mixing chamber D. It is configured to be jetted from the jetting nozzle E after being mixed with. When used for sandblasting, the abrasive was introduced from the inlet C of solid particles and the like, the compressed air was introduced from the processing nozzle B, and the abrasive was injected from the injection nozzle E by the processing. Further, when used as a liquid honing, a slurry prepared by mixing an abrasive and a liquid was introduced from the solid particle introduction port C, compressed air was introduced from the processing nozzle B and ejected from the ejection nozzle E. Further, when used as an abrasive water jet, a slurry was introduced from a solid particle introduction port C, a working liquid was introduced from a processing nozzle B, and ejected from an ejection nozzle E.

In any of the above processing means, the trajectory of the solid particles and the liquid jetted is conical. On the other hand, there has always been a technical requirement that the plane be machined as uniformly as possible, but most of the solutions to that requirement are that the conical section of the conical locus to be the machining surface, that is, an ellipse or a circle, It is general that the injection guns are arranged in a line so that the adjacent parts overlap each other.

A jet nozzle having a rectangular cross section has been proposed as Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-5899. As shown in FIG. 6, this is a configuration in which a rectangular jet nozzle G is provided in parallel with the slurry flow passage F, and an air nozzle H passing through the slurry flow passage F above the jet nozzle G is desired. Has become. This injection gun is designed to forcibly inject the accelerated solid particles into the shape of the nozzle. A pressure type processing method is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 29-4747. In this method, solid particles and liquid are put in the pressure tank, compressed air is introduced into the tank to pressurize the tank, and the processed slurry is taken out from the lower part of the pressure tank and the injection gun is used. Lead to
It is processed by injecting it together with compressed air introduced separately from an injection nozzle.

[0005]

In the above injection gun, in order to perform uniform injection processing on a wide area, a large number of injection guns are arranged in a line to obtain a uniform processing pattern or the injection nozzle is used. It was forcibly flattened by the shape of. However, if the injection guns are arranged in a line, a uniform processing effect cannot be obtained due to interference between the jet flows. Further, when the jet flow is forcibly changed depending on the shape of the nozzle, there is a problem that uneven friction occurs in a portion where the nozzle is present. The pressurization type has an advantage that the pressure energy of the compressed air is almost completely used for accelerating the slurry, but the above problems have not been solved at all.

Therefore, in the present invention, the jet of solid particles and liquid discharged at a certain pressure is modified by another fluid into a shape close to a rectangle with the help of the nozzle shape, and the jet and the modification An object of the present invention is to provide an injection processing method and an injection gun capable of performing uniform and flat processing by giving a limiting condition to the relationship with a fluid.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention introduces a liquid and a solid particle into a pressurizing tank so as to keep them in a constant volume ratio range, and uniformly stirs them. While maintaining the mixed state, introduce compressed air from the upper part of the pressurizing tank and mix the liquid and solid particles from the lower part of the pressurizing tank to guide the pressurized slurry to the injection gun for injection. In the injection processing method described above, a slurry in which the volume ratio of the solid particles to the liquid is uniformly stirred at a ratio of 2 to 5 with respect to the solid particles 1 is introduced into the injection gun, and the acceleration fluid is separately added. As the compressed air, the compressed air is introduced into the injection gun at a pressure equal to or slightly lower than the compressed air pressure in the pressurizing tank, and the slurry under pressure is mixed in the nozzle portion in parallel with the compressed air for acceleration. , With solid particles in slurry Blasting method to accelerate and is distributed injected by the introduction of accelerating the compressed air and a body or speed by Enerugii with the Surarii pressurized is obtained by constituting the.

Also, a box-shaped nozzle is formed by forming a gap between two parallel nozzle plates to 0.5 to 3.0 mm, and 0.1 to 0.8 m which communicates with the nozzle above the nozzle.
A box-shaped slurry supply groove having a small gap of m is formed, a horizontal slurry supply path communicating with the slurry supply groove is provided above the slurry supply groove, and slurry supply conduits are attached on both sides, and above the nozzle. This is a structure of an injection gun in which an air supply passage in an inclined state is communicated with an air supply conduit for introducing compressed air for acceleration into the air supply passage.

[0009]

The present invention is configured as described above, and a fluid having a volume ratio of 2 to 5 times that of the solid particles 1 is stirred and uniformly mixed in a pressurizing tank to form a slurry. In the pressurized state, the slurry is sent to the injection gun, and the compressed air for acceleration is separately sent to the injection gun at a pressure equal to or slightly lower than the pressure of the compressed air for pressurization at the parallel groove (box-shaped) nozzle part. The slurry and the compressed air are mixed to accelerate at a speed higher than the speed due to the energy of the slurry, and at the same time, the solid particles are uniformly dispersed to perform the injection processing.

Further, in the injection gun, the slurry introduced from the slurry supply pipes on both sides flows into the horizontal slurry supply passage, and the processed slurry is narrowed by 0.1.
It is sent to a slurry supply groove having a width of up to 0.8 mm and then to a nozzle having a width of 0.5 to 3.0 mm, which is slightly wider.
The box-shaped nozzle mixes with the compressed air for acceleration to disperse the solid particles and the liquid in the slurry and jet them uniformly.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Before describing a spray processing method, a spray gun A to be used will be described. Two substantially rectangular blocks, a block 1 and a block 2 of which lower ends are inclined are abutted to each other, and both ends are covered with a lid 3 respectively. , 4 are fixed so that they can be assembled. Then, in the center portion of one of the blocks 2, a "shaped die 5 having a shape similar to the outer shape is formed at the lower end inwardly.
The cutout hole 6 provided with is formed. And the other block 1
A rectangular cutout hole 7 is provided on the opposite surface. In the cutout hole 6, "an intermediate member 9 having a half shape of a baseball home base plate having a sloping surface 8 in which a lower end is inclined inward with a mold"
Are fitted so that their upper surfaces can come into contact with each other, and a vertical surface is fitted into the cutout hole 7 and fixed to one lid 4. The outer vertical surface of the intermediate member 9, the inclined surface 8, the vertical surface of the block 2 and the inclined surface 5
An air supply path 10 is formed between the and.

Further, semicircular notches 11 and 12 are respectively provided in the abutting surfaces of the block 1 and the intermediate member 9 in the horizontal direction to form a slurry supply passage 13. This slurry supply route 1
Slurry supply conduits 14.15 are fixed to the lids 3 and 4, respectively, so as to communicate with both sides of the slurry supply conduit 14.15. Further, a slurry supply groove 16 is vertically formed between the block 1 and the intermediate member 9 on the lower surface of the slurry supply passage 13 so as to have a gap of 0.1 to 0.8 mm. Then, a notch 17 is provided on the lower surface of the block 1 following the slurry supply passage 13 to fit and fix the nozzle plate 18, and the upper surface has an inclined surface 19 that is the same as the inclined surface 5 at a position facing the nozzle plate 18. The nozzle plate 30 is fixed to the inner surface of the lower end of the block 2 to form the nozzle 21 between the nozzle plates 18 and 20. The gap between the nozzles 21 is equal to the plate 1 for both nozzles.
The thickness is adjusted to 8 and 20, and the gap is preferably 0.5 to 3.0 mm. If the slurry supply groove 16 is less than 0.1 mm, the amount of slurry will be extremely small, resulting in poor processing. If it is 0.8 mm or more, it is necessary to increase the gap between the nozzles 21 in proportion to this. Even if the amount of slurry and the amount of compressed air increase, the processing does not go up in proportion. That is, the efficiency becomes poor. Therefore, 0.8 mm or more is not practical. The gap between the nozzles 21 is
When the thickness is 0.5 mm or less, the slurry supply groove 16 is also small, so that the processing is deteriorated. Also, one block 2 has three air supply pipes 22, 22, 22 at three locations.
Are attached so as to communicate with the air supply passage 10. Note that the packing is 23 and 24 in FIGS. 1 and 2.

The embodiment of the injection gun a is constructed as described above, and is a slurry b which is a mixture of fixed particles and liquid.
From the slurry supply conduits 14 and 15 on both sides to the slurry supply passage 13, and the nozzle 21 through the slurry supply groove 16.
Jet from. At this time, the compressed compressed air supplied from the air conduits 22, 22, 22 is sent from the air supply passage 10 to the nozzle 21, which is a parallel portion, and is jetted from the nozzle 21 while being mixed with the slurry b.

A jet machining method using the jet gun a constructed as described above will be described with reference to an apparatus for carrying out the method. This device comprises a processing device 30 and a slurry circulation device 31. The processing apparatus 30 is provided with a hopper 33 at a lower portion of a jetting cabinet 32, the jet gun a is installed at an appropriate position of the jetting cabinet 32, and a slurry b is introduced from the slurry supply conduits 14 and 15 to supply an air supply conduit. Pressure air having a pressure equal to or slightly lower than the pressure (2.0 to 5.0 Kgf / cm ² ) of the slurry is introduced from 22, 22, 22 (about 20%).
The ratio of the volume of air used for acceleration to the amount of slurry is 150 to 300, preferably 200 to 250, relative to slurry 1. The ratio between the amount of compressed compressed air and the amount of slurry is as shown in FIG.
Looking at the processing power and this ratio, one place shows the best result, and before and after that it gradually decreases, so it is 150
It is suitable to have a high working force in the range of up to 300.

On the other hand, one end of a slurry pipe 35 connected to a slurry pump 34 is connected to a lower portion of the hopper 33, and receives solid particles and a liquid (mainly water) that have collided with the surface of the workpiece and are stored therein. Hopper 33
Slurry circulation device 31 to be described later by collecting slurry from the
It is designed to be sent to the liquid cyclone 36 of the above. In the slurry circulation device 31, a replenishment tank 38, a storage tank 39, and a pressurization tank 40 are installed in this order from the top in a cabinet 37, and each is in a sealed state. The lower end of the replenishment tank 38 and the storage tank 39 are Is connected with a connecting pipe 42 having a replenishing valve 41, and the lower end of the storage tank 39 and the upper end of the processing tank 40 are connected with a connecting pipe 44 having a storage valve 43.

The lower end of the fluid cyclone 36 is opened on the upper surface of the uppermost supply tank 38, and further, the solid particle supply port 47 of the conduit 46 communicating with the solid particle tank 45 is opened. . Therefore, the supply tank 38 always stores a fixed amount of solid particles and liquid. In the middle storage tank 39, the slurry b, which is a mixture of solid particles and liquid in a fixed ratio, is transferred from the supply tank 38 to the storage tank 39 by opening the supply valve 41. Also, the bottom pressure tank 4
0 is provided with a secondary circuit 48 connected to the side wall and the lower surface. The secondary circuit 48 is provided with a pressure converting device 49 such as a vacuum pump or a diaphragm pump, a flow rate adjusting valve 50 and a pressure adjusting valve 51. The slurry b is agitated by discharging the pressurized air from the secondary circuit 48, increasing the pressure of the pressure converting device 49, and discharging the pressurized air from the air outlet 52. At this time, the volume ratio of the solid particles to the liquid is set so that the liquid is in the range of 2 to 5 with respect to the solid particles 1.
For processing, it is better that the number of solid particles is large. However, if the amount is too large, the slurry concentration will be high, the fluidity will be poor, and the wear of the piping and the like will be severe. Therefore,
The upper limit is 1 or less of liquid and 2 or less of solid particle. If the lower limit is too small, the number of solid particles in the slurry will be small and processing will be poor, so liquid 5 is suitable. On the other hand, a slurry discharge port 53 is opened in the lower part of the pressurizing tank 40 and is connected to the slurry supply pipe 14 and compressed air introduced from the main air valve 54 is within a range of 2.0 to 5.0 Kgf / cm ^2. The slurry b is supplied under pressure to the spray gun a.

The apparatus used in the present invention is configured as described above, and the tank for storing solid particles and the liquid is stored in the pressurizing tank 40 so that the ratio of the liquid to the solid particles is 2 to 5. 39 to supply the pressurized air in the pressurizing tank 40 by the secondary circuit 48 to the air ejection port 5 on the lower surface of the tank
Eject from 2 to make a uniform slurry b. Then, open the main air valve 54 to supply compressed air of 2.0 to 5.0 Kgf /
Pressure is applied in the range of cm ² , and the slurry b is supplied to the slurry supply passage 13 of the injection gun a from the slurry supply conduits 14 and 15 on both sides, and sprayed from the nozzle 21 to the workpiece through the slurry supply groove 16.

On the other hand, several air supply conduits 22, 22, 2
2 to the compressed air for acceleration, which is equal to or slightly lower than the pressure of the pressurized air (about 20%), is supplied at a ratio of 150 to 300 to the slurry 1 in the volume ratio with the amount of the slurry,
The particles are sprayed from the air supply path 10 to the upper part of the nozzle 21 to uniformly disperse the solid particles in the slurry b in the liquid and spray them onto the workpiece. The gap between the nozzles 21 is adjusted by the thickness of the nozzle plates 18 and 20 on both sides.

Next, Table 1 shows a comparison of processing efficiency between this embodiment and the standard type liquid honing injection gun (see FIG. 5).

[Table 1] In Table 1, 20% of glass beads as solid particles was put into an aluminum plate having a thickness of 3 mm and the slurry was uniformly mixed and sprayed. Then, the sample was weighed before and after the processing, and the difference was used as the processing amount, and the value was expressed as a% value with the processing amount by the standard type liquid honing injection gun as 100. The above Table 1 is shown in FIG. As is clear from FIG. 4, increasing the pressure of the compressed air for acceleration does not necessarily lead to a linear increase in the amount of machining in the case of the injection gun of the present invention. The change of the processing amount with respect to the pressure becomes a quadratic curve, and it is advantageous to carry out the processing within the range of the processing pressure showing the peak of the quadratic curve.

There is a relation between the number of solid particles in the slurry to be projected and the volume of the compressed air for acceleration, and if each solid particle is uniformly dispersed in the jet, one solid particle The volume of air needed for acceleration may be required,
No such situation is possible. However, if the amount of air is too large, the processing efficiency becomes low, and if the number of solid particles is too large, the number of solid particles that are not sufficiently accelerated increases. If the pressure of the accelerating compressed air is increased, the amount of the air can be increased under other conditions, the flow velocity of the air can be increased, the acceleration of the solid particles can be accelerated, and the processing efficiency can be increased, but there is a limit.

[0021]

In the method of the present invention, the slurry is mixed with the slurry in the nozzle at the pressure of the compressed compressed air for acceleration which is equal to or slightly lower than the pressure of the slurry pressurized in the pressure tank. The air mixes more and the compressed air expands rapidly towards the nozzle exit, accelerating the slurry flow and injecting it. As a result,
Uniform processing can be performed over a wide processing area. Further, in the injection gun, by forming the width of the nozzle larger than the width of the slurry supply groove communicating with the slurry supply passage, it is possible to satisfactorily inject the slurry.

Further, by introducing compressed air for acceleration through parallel nozzles, the solid particles and the liquid in the slurry can be dispersed uniformly, and uniform processing can be performed. Further, the nozzle width can be easily adjusted by changing the thickness of the two nozzle plates.
Further, although the processing efficiency is inferior to that of the conventional standard type liquid boning injection gun, the opening length can be uniformly processed over the entire width.

[0023]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the arrangement of an embodiment of an apparatus used in a jet processing method according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view in which a part of an injection gun according to the present invention is cut away.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a relationship between a slurry air volume ratio and a specific processing force by the present invention and a standard type liquid honing injection gun.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a standard type liquid honing injection gun.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional flat injection gun.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 block 2 block 3 lid 4 lid 5 slanted surface 6 notched hole 7 notched hole 8 slanted surface 9 intermediate member 10 air supply channel 11 notch 12 notch 13 slurry supply channel 14 slurry supply conduit 15 slurry supply conduit 16 slurry supply Groove 17 Notch 18 Nozzle plate 19 Sloping surface 20 Nozzle plate 21 Nozzle 22 Air supply conduit 23 Packing 24 Packing 30 Processing device 31 Slurry circulation device 32 Jet processing cabinet 33 Hopper 34 Slurry pump 35 Slurry piping 36 Liquid cyclone 37 Cabinet 38 Reinforcement tank 39 Storage tank 40 Pressurization tank 41 Reinforcement valve 42 Connection pipe 43 Storage valve 44 Connection pipe 45 Solid particle tank 46 Conduit 47 Solid particle supply port 48 Secondary circuit 49 Pressure converter 50 Flow Control Valve 51 Pressure Control Valve 52 Air Jet 53 Slurry Outlet 54 Main Air Valve a Injection Gun b Slurry

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A liquid and a solid particle are charged into a pressurizing tank so as to be kept in a range of a constant volume ratio, and both are uniformly stirred to maintain a state of being mixed with each other. In an injection processing method in which compressed air is introduced and a liquid and solid particles are mixed from the lower part of a pressurizing tank and a slurry under pressure is guided to an injection gun and injected, the volume ratio of solid particles to liquid is A slurry kept in a state of being uniformly stirred at a ratio of 2 to 5 with respect to the solid particles 1 is introduced into the injection gun, and compressed air is separately used as an accelerating fluid to be equal to the compressed air pressure in the pressurizing tank. Or, it is introduced into the injection gun at a slightly lower pressure, and the slurry under pressure is mixed with the compressed air for acceleration in the nozzle portion which is parallel, and the solid particles and liquid in the slurry are mixed with the compressed air for acceleration. Slurry pressurized by introduction An injection processing method characterized by accelerating and dispersing at a speed higher than the speed due to the energy of a. 2. A box-shaped nozzle is formed by forming a gap between two parallel nozzle plates to 0.5 to 3.0 mm,
A box-shaped slurry supply groove having a small gap of 0.1 to 0.8 mm communicating with the nozzle is formed above the nozzle, and a horizontal slurry supply path communicating with the slurry supply groove is provided above the slurry supply groove. And a slurry supply conduit attached to both sides of the nozzle, an inclined air supply passage is connected to an upper portion of the nozzle, and an air supply conduit for introducing compressed compressed air is connected to the air supply passage.