JP3007033B2 - Machine tool seal structure - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a machine tool provided with a box having a rotating body for holding a work or a tool, such as a lathe, a horizontal axis type drill device, a horizontal axis type grinding device, and the like. The present invention relates to a seal structure suitable for a machine tool in which a water-soluble cooling liquid or a water-soluble lubricating liquid or the like is continuously jetted to a processing location.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In many cases, water is used as it is or a water-soluble material is used as a cooling liquid or a lubricating liquid for a machine tool of this type, and a water-soluble solution is often supplied as a supply form. In such an environment, it is naturally necessary to prevent the water-soluble solution from entering the box,
Conventionally, a sealing device for various solid materials such as an oil seal or an O-ring is provided in a gap between the rotating body and the box or another gap on the surface of the box. As a prior art, there is Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-83942.

[0003]

However, in a sealing device using only a solid material such as an oil seal or the like, the sealing performance deteriorates due to abrasion over time, and
Intrusion of grinding powder and the like may cause damage, necessitating a new replacement periodically or as necessary, which requires time and effort for maintenance.

A sealing device made of a solid material has a function of preventing water and dirt from entering the box body, but actively discharges water or dust entering the box body to the outside. It does not have the function to perform.

[0005] As an apparatus for simply blowing off dust and the like on a work by using compressed air, Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-839 is known.
No. 42 is not aimed at improving the sealing performance.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a gear box having a rotating body for holding a work or a tool, and a water-soluble material such as cooling water during machining. In a machine tool for supplying a solution to a processing location, a partition wall 3 having an integral cylindrical wall 2 is formed in a box main body 1 of a gear box, and the partition wall 3 moves the inside of the box main body 1 before the cylindrical wall 2 protrudes. The chamber 1a is partitioned into a rear chamber on the opposite side, and a compressed air pipe 37 is connected to the rear chamber.
In the front chamber 1a, a gear mechanism for rotating the rotating body is housed, and seals 25 and 28 made of a solid material are arranged between the front chamber 1a and the rotating body. The inner peripheral surface is rotatably supported via a bearing 5 and a partition wall 3.
The drive shaft 16 connected to the gear mechanism is supported by the partition wall 3 through a bearing 20 and extends into the rear chamber, and the rear end rotates. The front chamber 1a and the rear chamber are connected to each other through a gap between the cylindrical wall 2 and the main shaft 6 and a gap of the bearing 20 of the drive shaft 16 between the front chamber 1a and the rear chamber.

[0007]

[0008]

FIG. 1 shows, as an example of a box, a gear box mounted on a table of a machine tool such as a lathe or a grinding machine. A box body 1 has a partition wall 3 and a partition wall therein. 3 integrally has a cylindrical wall 2 extending axially forward. An opening is formed in the front wall of the box body 1, and a seal fitting ring 4 concentric with the cylindrical wall 2 is fitted into the opening.

A main shaft 6 is rotatably supported on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical wall 2 via a bearing 5. The main shaft 6 extends rearward, and a rear end of the main shaft 6 is mounted on a rear wall 7 of the box body 1. 8 is supported. The rear end protruding part of the main shaft 6 is
The cap 12 is fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the cap 12 fixed to the rear wall 7.

A shaft hole 9 and a front opening tapered hole 10 are formed in the main shaft 6, and a center 11 is detachably taper-fitted into the tapered hole 10 so that the center 11 rotates integrally with the main shaft 6. It has become.

A cylindrical shaft gear 15 is rotatably supported on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical wall 2 via two bearings 13 arranged in the axial direction. The cylindrical shaft gear 15 is a front end drive gear of a drive shaft 16. 17
The collet chuck 18 is integrally fixed to the front end.

The drive shaft 16 is rotatably supported on the partition wall 3 and the rear wall 7 via bearings 20 and 21, respectively. The rear end of the drive shaft 16 is connected to a hydraulic motor 23 fixed to the rear wall 7 of the box body 1. Connected.

The cylindrical shaft gear 15 and the collet chuck 18 are intermittently connected via a pawl type clutch mechanism 24. When the clutch is engaged, the main shaft 6 and the center 11 rotate together with the collet chuck 18.

The seal fitting ring 4 fitted to the front end opening of the gear box body 1 is formed to have an L-shaped cross section, and its inner peripheral end is fitted to the outer periphery of the cylindrical shaft gear 15 with a gap therebetween.
The annular protrusion for labyrinth 4a at the front end protrudes into the annular concave portion 18a of the collet chuck 18. The front-back double seal 25 disposed in the seal fitting ring 4 is fitted on the outer periphery of the cylindrical shaft gear 15, and both tongues in the front-rear direction are pressed against the partition wall 3 and the collet chuck 18.

A seal fitting ring 27 is also fixed to the front end of the main shaft 6, and an oil seal 28
Is fitted. The front end of the oil seal 28 is pressed against the step surface of the fitting ring 27, and the rear end is pressed against the inward flange 29 of the collet chuck 18.

In the upper wall of the box body 1, an inspection window hole 31 is provided.
The opening / closing lid 32 is provided in the window hole 31 via a hinge (not shown) so as to be openable and closable.
2, a compressed air supply mechanism, which is a main part of the present invention, is connected.

That is, a pipe joint bolt 35 is screwed into a screw hole 34 formed in the opening / closing lid 32, and the pipe rod bolt 35 is connected to a compressed air pipe 37 in a factory via an air pipe 36. The compressed air is supplied to the box body 1 at a constant pressure (for example, 0.1 to 0.2 atm).

The pipe joint bolt 35 is provided with an on-off valve 38, which is linked with, for example, a water-soluble coolant supply device 40,
Is operated to supply the liquid to the processing portion of the work, the on-off valve 38 opens to supply the compressed air into the box body 1. On the other hand, while the supply of the coolant is stopped, the on-off valve 3
Close 8.

Next, the operation will be described. There are various methods for mounting the work, such as a method of fixing the work only to the collet chuck 18 or a method of mounting the telescopic shaft jig 41 on the center 1.
1 and a method of fixing a tubular or other shaped work W attached to the shaft jig to the collet chuck 18 by contracting between a center (not shown) opposite to the center in the axial direction and the center. There is.

After the work is mounted, only the chuck 18 or the clutch mechanism is connected by the hydraulic motor 23 to rotate the chuck 18 and the center 11 at the same time, and work with a grinding tool or a turning tool (not shown). During the processing, the water-soluble cooling liquid supply device 40 is operated to jet the water-soluble cooling liquid or the like to the processing location of the work W.

On the other hand, compressed air is supplied to the inside of the box body 1 through a pipe joint bolt 35, and the compressed air is supplied to the front bearing 20 of the drive shaft 16 and the inner circumferential gap of the cylindrical wall 2 and the bearing. 5 and the like, it also enters the anterior chamber portion 1a, and the entire inside of the box body 1 is pressurized. The pressurized air in the main body increases the sealing pressure of each of the seals 25 and 28, and partly blows out from the inside of the seal fitting ring 4 through the labyrinth portion or through the seal 28 of the main shaft 6 to the outside. .

By the pressurized air in the gear box body 1,
The sealing pressure of each seal 25, 28 is increased, and a part thereof is jetted out of the seals 25, 28, thereby effectively preventing water-soluble coolant or water from entering the seals 25, 28. I do. This prevents the various bearings 5, 8, 20 and gears in the box main body 1 from rusting, and actively prevents foreign substances from entering.

[0023]

[Other embodiments]

(1) The present invention is not limited to a box for holding a work rotatably in a machine tool, but is also applicable to a box for rotatably holding a tool such as a drill blade or a reamer blade.

(2) The machine tool is not limited to a lathe or a grinder.

(3) As the compressed air supply source, in addition to using the air piping provided in the factory, an air compressor or the like provided in a machine tool may be used. The method of using the air pipe in the factory has an effect that other special air supply sources are not required and almost no additional equipment is required.

[0026]

【The invention's effect】

(1) As described above, according to the present invention, a box having a rotating body that holds a work or a tool is provided,
In a machine tool that supplies a water-soluble solution such as cooling water to a processing location during processing, the inside of the box is connected to a compressed air supply source,
By pressurizing the inside of the box, an air seal is formed in each gap of the box, so it can be used together with a solid material seal compared to a conventional seal structure using only solid material such as an oil seal. The sealing performance is improved, and the durability of the solid material is also improved. Of course, since the air seal itself does not need to be replaced, the maintenance cost can be saved.

(2) Since the seal is made using compressed air, the air blown out from the gap between the rotating body and the box body causes
A water-soluble solution, dust, or the like to be penetrated can be positively released to the outside, and the sealing performance is also improved in this respect.

(3) Since the air is used, there is no effect on the environment even if the leaked air is not particularly treated, and the maintenance cost can be reduced.

(4) Since air is used, material costs are low even when used for a long time.

(5) In particular, when the present invention is applied to a box body having a built-in bearing and gear mechanism, rust of the bearing and gear can be effectively prevented. It is convenient.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a box to which the present invention is applied.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Box body 5, 13, 20 Bearing 6 Main shaft (an example of a rotating body) 15 Cylindrical shaft gear 17 Drive gear 18 Collet chuck (an example of a rotating body) 25 Seal 28 Oil seal 35 Fitting bolt 37 Compressed air piping (compression) in a factory Example of air supply source) 40 Water-soluble coolant supply device

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A machine tool comprising a gear box having a rotating body for holding a work or a tool, and supplying a water-soluble solution such as cooling water to a processing portion during processing. A partition wall 3 having an integral cylindrical wall 2 is formed.
Partitioning into a front chamber 1a from which the cylindrical wall 2 projects and a rear chamber on the opposite side,
A compressed air pipe 37 is connected to the rear chamber, a gear mechanism for rotating the rotating body is housed in the front chamber 1a, and seals 25 and 28 made of a solid material are arranged between the rear chamber and the rotating body. A main shaft 6 constituting a part is rotatably supported on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical wall 2 via a bearing 5, penetrates through the partition wall 3, reaches the rear chamber, and has a rear end supported by the rear wall. The drive shaft 16 is supported through the partition wall 3 through the bearing 20 and extends into the rear chamber. The rear end of the drive shaft 16 is interlocked with the rotary drive source.
A seal mechanism for a machine tool, wherein a space between the front chamber 1a and the rear chamber communicates with a gap between the cylindrical wall 2 and the main shaft 6 and a gap of a bearing 20 of the drive shaft 16.