JP4905857B2 - Rotating cylinder - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotary cylinder that opens and closes a gripping claw of a chuck used in a machine tool, and in particular, a rotary cylinder that is mounted on a lower end portion of a main shaft that is arranged with its axis oriented vertically, such as a vertical NC lathe. About.

Conventionally, as described in Patent Document 1, a vertical NC lathe is equipped with a chuck that grips a workpiece at the upper end of a spindle that is disposed with its axis oriented vertically, and opens and closes a gripping claw of the chuck at the lower end. A hydraulic cylinder mechanism (rotating cylinder) to be driven is installed, the gripping claw of the chuck is driven to open and close by the rotating cylinder, the workpiece is gripped, and the required turning tool is cut while rotating the workpiece, so that a predetermined turning process can be performed. To be done. Further, the rotary cylinder described in Patent Document 2, a hollow portion is provided in the central portion of the piston rod, the distribution shaft, each of which has a flow path and the flow path of the chuck side for the supply of the piston operating in the hollow section (distributor) And a fluid is supplied to the flow path of the connecting rod connected to the piston rod via the fluid conduit . Also, a mechanical seal provided with a rotating member and a fixed member is arranged in the hollow portion of the piston rod so that the fluid supplied from the fluid conduit is prevented from entering and leaking between the hollow portion and the distributor. It has become. By using the rotary cylinder described in Patent Document 2 for the vertical NC lathe, fluid (coolant) is supplied from the supply path of the piston rod to the chuck side via the fluid of the connecting rod, and the fluid (coolant). It is known to cool or clean the machined part by spraying the machined part on the machined part.
JP 2001-334443 A JP-A-1-264704

In the rotating cylinder described in Patent Document 1, since the cylinder body is attached to the lower end portion of the main spindle of the vertical NC lathe, the piston rod faces upward in the vertical direction. When the rotating cylinder described in Patent Document 2 is adopted as such a rotating cylinder and coolant as fluid is supplied from the supply path of the piston rod to the chuck side through the flow path of the connecting rod, Patent Document 2 It has been found that the following problems occur in the rotating cylinder described in 1).
That is, in the vertical NC lathe, the coolant supplied from the rotating cylinder to the chuck side and discharged from the chuck is circulated so as to be supplied again from the rotating cylinder to the chuck side after passing through the filter. In the coolant, fine chips (metal powder) scattered by processing the workpiece are mixed. Coolant is supplied from the rotating cylinder to the chuck side when gripping the workpiece with the chuck jaws or when cooling or cleaning the workpiece part or tool during workpiece processing. Sometimes the supply of coolant to the chuck is stopped. The hose connected to the piston rod supply path of the rotating cylinder is connected to a coolant storage tank via a pump.However, when the coolant supply to the piston rod supply path is stopped, the coolant is supplied to the tank. It stays in the supply path of the piston rod and the flow path of the connecting rod without returning. Therefore, floating material such as chips mixed in the coolant in the flow path of the long connecting rod in the vertical direction settles from the chuck side toward the lower rotating cylinder and enters the piston rod supply path. Therefore, chips and the like enter the sealing surfaces of the rotating and fixing members of the mechanical seal, and the main shaft rotates in this state, causing the mechanical sealing surface to wear violently and deteriorating the mechanical sealing function at an early stage. There is a point.
Even in a rotating cylinder that does not have a mechanical seal, floating matters such as chips mixed in the coolant in the flow path of the long connecting rod in the vertical direction are precipitated from the chuck side toward the rotating cylinder. There is a problem that chips enter the rod supply path and chips enter the sliding portion of the distributor to deteriorate the function of the distributor at an early stage.
Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned problems, the object of the present invention is to attach the fluid such as coolant to the chuck side from the supply path of the piston rod to the chuck side through the flow path of the connecting rod by attaching it to the spindle of the vertical NC lathe. Even in the case of a rotating cylinder, when the supply of fluid such as coolant is stopped, suspended matter such as chips mixed in the coolant or other fluid that remains in the flow path of the connecting rod is not mechanically sealed or distributed. An object of the present invention is to provide a rotating cylinder having a simple configuration that does not enter the sliding portion.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is built in a cylinder main body that can be attached to a lower end portion of a main spindle in a vertical direction in a machine tool, and is built in the cylinder main body so as to be slidable up and down. A piston rod having a supply path that is provided on the piston and that can be connected to a connecting rod for chuck operation in the main shaft and that can supply a fluid different from that for piston operation to a passage provided in the connecting rod; An upper end portion of a piston rod in a rotating cylinder for chuck operation, which is provided on a cylinder body or a piston rod so as to be rotatable relative to the cylinder body or the piston rod. A distribution hole is provided so as to communicate with the large-diameter hole provided on the side, a mounting member fitted into the large-diameter hole, and a plurality of rotation holes are inserted into the distribution hole so as to be relatively rotatable. A mechanical seal is provided between the distribution shaft formed with the passage, and the mechanical seal is slid vertically in the seal receiving member having a through hole communicating with the passage of the distribution shaft at the upper end portion and the through hole of the mounting member. The seal member includes a seal member that is movably inserted and has a through hole in the shaft center portion, and a spring member that abuts the lower end surface of the seal member against the upper end surface of the seal receiving portion. A check valve is provided in the supply path of the piston rod composed of the through hole of the member, the through hole of the seal member, and the through hole of the mounting member, and the check valve is provided at the upper opening of the supply path of the piston rod. Is closed with a lid member provided with a valve hole, and a valve body capable of opening and closing the valve hole on the upper side of the lid member is provided on the lid member so as to be movable up and down, and fluid supplied from below the distribution shaft passes through the mechanical seal Connectinglo from the supply path of the piston rod When the fluid is supplied to the chuck side connected to the upper end of the cylinder, the fluid raises the valve body to open the piston rod supply path. When the fluid supply is stopped, the valve body descends by its own weight and the piston The rod supply path is provided so as to be closed .
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cylinder main body that can be attached to a lower end portion of a main spindle in a vertical direction in a machine tool, a piston that is built in the cylinder main body so as to be vertically slidable, Connectable to the connecting rod for chuck operation, provided in the passage provided in the connecting rod is a piston rod having a supply path capable of supplying a fluid different from that for operating the piston, and provided relative to the cylinder body or piston rod. In a rotating cylinder for chuck operation, which is provided with a pressure fluid for operating a piston and a distributor capable of supplying a fluid for a supply path, the upper opening of the supply path is connected to the supply path of the piston rod. The lid member is provided with a receiving member that covers the upper part of the communication hole, and the fluid supplied from below the supply path is formed in the gap between the lid member and the receiving member. Allow the flow of fluid to the chuck side connected to the upper end of the connecting rod through the side opening, and allow the flow of fluid from the side opening to the bottom of the supply path when the supply of fluid is stopped It is provided .

According to the first aspect of the present invention , the distribution hole is provided so as to communicate with the large-diameter hole provided on the upper end portion side of the piston rod , the mounting member fitted in the large-diameter hole, and the distribution hole A mechanical seal is provided between a distribution shaft inserted in a relatively rotatable manner and formed with a plurality of passages, and the mechanical seal includes a seal receiving member provided with a through hole communicating with the passage of the distribution shaft at an upper end portion; A seal member that is slidably inserted in the through hole of the mounting member in the vertical direction and has a through hole in the axial center portion, and a spring member that abuts the lower end surface of the seal member on the upper end surface of the seal receiving portion A check valve is provided in the supply path of the piston rod composed of the passage of the distribution shaft, the through hole of the seal receiving member, the through hole of the seal member, and the through hole of the mounting member. The valve opening is provided in the upper opening of the piston rod supply passage. The cover member is closed, and a valve body capable of opening and closing the valve hole on the upper side of the cover member is provided on the cover member so as to be movable up and down. Fluid supplied from below the distribution shaft is supplied to the piston rod supply path via the mechanical seal. When the fluid is supplied to the chuck side connected to the upper end of the connecting rod from the fluid, the fluid raises the valve body to open the piston rod supply path, and when the fluid supply is stopped, the valve body descends by its own weight. The piston rod supply path is closed so that when the fluid supply from the piston rod supply path to the chuck side is stopped, even if the fluid remains in the connecting rod flow path for a long time, the connectin It is possible for the check valve to prevent the floating material such as chips mixed in the fluid in the flow path of the grit from precipitating and entering the passage of the piston rod. There is an effect of lengthening the life of the rotary cylinder can be prevented from being damaged or worn by penetration such as sawdust.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the receiving member for covering the upper part of the communication hole on the supply path of the piston rod is covered with the cover member provided with the communication hole at the upper opening of the supply path. The fluid supplied from the lower side of the supply path is allowed to flow to the chuck side connected to the upper end of the connecting rod through the side opening of the gap between the lid member and the receiving member, and the fluid supply is stopped. When the fluid supply to the piston rod supply path is stopped, the fluid stays in the connecting rod flow path. Even if suspended matter such as chips mixed in the fluid is settled, the chip can be prevented from entering the supply path of the piston rod by receiving the chips with the receiving member, and the sliding part inside is cut. Wear due to intrusion of powder Ri is effective which can prolong the life of the rotary cylinder can be prevented from being damaged.

A rotary cylinder A shown in FIG. 1 is attached to the lower end portion of a vertical spindle B in a vertical NC lathe, and is attached to the upper end portion of the spindle B via a connecting rod C arranged inside the spindle B. The gripping claw E of D is driven to open and close.
The rotating cylinder A will be described. Reference numeral 1 denotes a cylinder body, which is composed of a casing 2 having a substantially U-shaped cross section and a front plate 3, both of which are fastened by a plurality of bolts 4 to form a piston chamber 5. A sliding hole 6 is formed at the center of the lower wall 2a of the casing 2. A sliding hole 8 is formed at the center of the upper plate 3. The cylinder body 1 is attached to the lower end portion of the main shaft B by a plurality of mounting bolts (not shown). A piston 10 is slidably fitted in the piston chamber 5. The piston 10 is integrally provided with a piston rod 12. The upper and lower ends of the piston rod 12 are slidably fitted into the sliding holes 8 and 6. A screw portion that can be connected to a connecting rod C for operating the chuck D disposed inside the main shaft B is formed at the upper end portion of the piston rod 12, and the screw portion at the lower end portion of the connecting rod C is screwed together. . The upper end portion of the connecting rod C is connected to the draw bar F of the chuck D, and when the connecting rod C is reciprocated in the vertical direction, the gripping claws E of the chuck D are driven to open and close.

  A large-diameter hole 13 is provided on the upper end side of the piston rod 12. A distribution hole 14 in which a plurality of inner diameter portions having different inner diameters are formed so as to communicate with the large diameter hole 13 is provided. Bearings 15a and 15b are fitted to the inner diameter portions at the front and rear positions of the distribution hole 14, respectively. A distribution cylinder 16 having a sliding hole 16a at the center is fitted to the inner diameter portion at the center position. The distribution cylinder 16 constitutes a distributor 17 in cooperation with a distribution shaft 31 to be described later, and annular supply / discharge grooves 18 and 19 are formed on the inner surface of the sliding hole 16a. The supply / discharge groove 18 communicates with the upper piston chamber 5 a via a supply / discharge passage 20 provided in the piston 10, and the supply / discharge groove 19 communicates with the lower piston chamber 5 b via a supply / discharge passage 21 provided in the piston 10. Communicate. Further, the piston 10 and the cylinder body 1 are integrally rotated by a rotation preventing member 22 provided in the cylinder body 1.

A rod-shaped distribution shaft 31 is fitted into the sliding hole 16a of the distribution cylinder 16 so as to be relatively rotatable. The distribution shaft 31 is rotatably supported by the bearings 15a and 15b. The distribution shaft 31 has one end opened to the supply / discharge passages 32 and 33, one end opened to the outer periphery of the intermediate portion, and drain collection discharge passages 34 and 35, one end A supply passage 36 opened at the tip of the distribution shaft 31 is formed.
An annular mounting rod 31 a is integrally formed at the rear end portion of the distribution shaft 31. The lower ends of the supply / discharge passages 32, 33, the discharge passages 34, 35, and the supply passage 36 are opened on the rear surface of the mounting rod 31a with different phases in the rotational direction.

  The front surface of the thin plate-like flange 51 is brought into contact with the lower surface of the mounting rod 31 a of the distribution shaft 31 and is integrally attached by mounting bolts 53. The flange 51 is formed in a disc shape that covers the lower side of the cylinder body 1, and a cylindrical cover portion 54 that extends upward and covers the lower outer periphery portion of the cylinder body 1 is integrally formed on the outer peripheral portion thereof. 54 prevents the cover portion 54 and the cylinder body 1 from being pinched.

  The flange 51 is connected to the supply / discharge passages 32 and 33, the discharge passages 34 and 35 of the mounting rod 31a, and the supply passage 36 connected to the openings of the supply passage 36 (in FIG. (Only the passage 52 is shown) is formed to open to the outer peripheral surface. A connection hole 55 for connecting a hose is formed in the opening of the supply / discharge passage 52 on the outer periphery of the flange 51. A supply / discharge hose (not shown) connected to the connection hole 55 is connected to a tank (not shown) for storing coolant via a pump (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 2, a mounting member 41 having a small-diameter through hole 41 a and a large-diameter through hole 41 b is fitted into the large-diameter hole 13 of the piston rod 12. A mechanical seal 40 is provided between the distribution shaft 31 and the distribution shaft 31. The mechanical seal 40 is fitted to the front end portion of the distribution shaft 31, and has a cap-shaped seal receiving portion 43 having a through hole 43 a communicating with the supply passage 36 of the distribution shaft 31 at the upper end portion, and a small diameter of the mounting member 41. A cylinder that is slidably inserted into the through hole 41a in the axial direction (vertical direction), is prevented from relative rotation by a pin 44 so as to rotate integrally with the mounting member 41, and has a through hole 42a in the shaft center portion. The seal member 42 is compressed and interposed between the flange 42 b provided on the outer periphery of the seal member 42 and the stepped portion of the mounting member 41, and the lower end surface (seal surface) of the seal member 42 is connected to the seal receiving portion 43. The spring member 45 is in contact with the upper end surface (seal surface). The supply passage 36 of the distribution shaft 31, the through hole 43 a of the seal receiving portion 43, the through hole 42 a of the seal member 42, and the through hole 41 a of the mounting member 41 constitute a supply path R that supplies coolant as fluid in the piston rod 12. is doing.
The large-diameter hole 13 of the piston rod 12 is a check valve capable of allowing the coolant to flow in the supply direction (upward) in the supply path R of the piston rod 12 and reverse the flow in the direction opposite to the supply direction. 50 is provided.

  Next, the check valve 50 will be described. The large-diameter hole 13 of the piston rod 12 is fitted with a lid member 47 having a valve hole 47a that closes the upper end portion of the through-hole 42a of the mounting member 41 and communicates with the through-hole 42a at a position avoiding the axial center portion. Combined to prevent it from coming off. An insertion hole 47b in the vertical direction is formed in the shaft center portion of the lid member 47, and the support provided in the shaft center portion of the disc-shaped valve body 48 capable of opening and closing the valve hole 47a above the lid member 47 in the insertion hole 47b. The collar 48a is fitted and movably moved up and down, and is retained from the insertion hole 47b by a retaining member 48b provided at the lower end of the support collar 48a. When the coolant is supplied from the supply path R of the piston rod 12 toward the connecting rod C, the valve body 48 is lifted by the coolant to open the valve hole 47a. By doing so, the valve hole 47a is closed by moving back. The valve body 48 is lifted by the coolant to open the valve hole 47a, but the support rod 48a is prevented from being detached from the insertion hole 47b by the retaining member 48b, so that it is not separated from the lid member 47. When the coolant supply is stopped, the valve hole 47a is closed by reliably falling by its own weight. The coolant supplied through the valve hole 47 a is supplied to the chuck D side connected to the upper end portion of the connecting rod C through the passage 49 of the connecting rod C connected to the piston rod 12.

The operation of the rotary cylinder A having the above configuration will be described. When the workpiece is transported to the gripping position by the gripping claws E of the chuck D, the hydraulic fluid is supplied from the tank to the upper piston chamber 5a by the hydraulic pump, and the piston 10 and the piston rod 12 move downward, so that the connecting rod The workpiece is gripped by the gripping claws E of the chuck D via C. In this state, the spindle B rotates to rotate the chuck D and the workpiece, and turning is performed by cutting a cutting tool into the rotating workpiece.
In the rotating cylinder A, the cylinder body 1 and the piston rod 12 are rotated together with the main shaft B by rotating the main shaft B, but the distribution shaft 31 and the flange 51 are maintained in a state of being prevented from rotating. When the spindle B rotates and is turned, coolant is supplied from the tank to the supply passage 36 of the distribution shaft 31 of the rotary cylinder A, and this coolant is non-returned through the through holes 43a and 42a of the mechanical seal 40. It is supplied to the valve hole 47 a of the valve 50. As shown in FIG. 3, the coolant raises the valve body 48 against its own weight to open the valve hole 47a and is supplied to the chuck D side through the passage 49 of the connecting rod C. It is sprayed toward. The valve hole 47a of the check valve 50 is closed when the valve body 48 falls by its own weight and comes into contact with the lid member 47, but is easily opened when the valve body 48 is pushed up by the supply of coolant.
When the turning of the workpiece is completed, the hydraulic fluid is supplied from the tank to the lower piston chamber 5b by the hydraulic pump, and the piston 10 and the piston rod 12 move upward so that the chuck D is gripped via the connecting rod C. The workpiece is released from the nail E. Thereafter, the work is removed from the chuck D by the transport mechanism, and if necessary, coolant is blown from the chuck D side toward the gripping claws E to blow off chips and the like while the work is being removed.

  After the gripping claws E are cleaned, the coolant supply is stopped while the next workpiece is conveyed or after the cutting work is completed. When the pump is stopped and the coolant supply is stopped, the coolant remains in the supply path R of the piston rod 12 and the flow path 49 of the long connecting rod C. When the coolant remains in the supply path R of the piston rod 12 and the flow path of the long connecting rod C, the floating substance Z such as chips mixed in the coolant in the flow path 49 of the long connecting rod C is removed. It settles and tries to fall into the supply path R of the piston rod 12 of the rotating cylinder A. However, when the supply of the coolant is stopped, the valve body 48 of the check valve 50 provided in the supply path R of the piston rod 12 descends by its own weight as shown in FIG. 2 and closes the valve hole 47a of the lid member 47. The floating substance Z such as chips accumulates on the lid member 47 and the valve body 48, and the floating substance Z such as settled chips is prevented from entering the supply path R of the piston rod 12. Therefore, even if the rotary cylinder A is mounted on the lower end surface of the main spindle B of the vertical NC lathe, the floating substance Z such as chips mixed in the coolant is removed from the sealing surface of the mechanical seal 40 in the rotary cylinder A. Can be prevented from entering a large amount, and the function of the mechanical seal 40 can be maintained for a long time as in the case of using a horizontal lathe.

FIG. 4 shows a different embodiment of the present invention, and a communication hole 47ae (opening portion) communicating with the supply path R is provided in a penetrating state in a lid member 47e provided in the piston rod 12 so as to close the supply path R. It has been. A receiving member 48e covering the upper side of the communication hole 47ae is fixed to the lid member 47e so as to be separated from the lid member 47e by a support rod 48ae, and the communication hole is formed through a side opening in the gap between the lid member 47e and the receiving member 48e. The coolant is allowed to flow from 47 ae to the connecting rod C side. On the upper surface of the receiving member 48e, a rising wall 48be is provided in an annular shape at the edge so that suspended matter Z such as chips accumulated on the receiving member 48e does not fall to the side.
In such a rotating cylinder A, the state in which the coolant remains in the flow path 49 of the long connecting rod C is continued, and floating substances such as chips mixed in the coolant in the flow path 49 of the long connecting rod C. When Z settles, suspended matter Z such as chips is received on the receiving member 48e and accumulated on the receiving member 48e, and is prevented from falling from the communication hole 47ae to the supply path R of the piston rod 12, As a result, it is possible to prevent the rotary cylinder A from being damaged by the suspended matter Z such as the precipitated chips.
In the above embodiment, the rotary cylinder A in which the distribution shaft 31 is inserted into the distribution hole 14 of the piston rod 12 so as to be relatively rotatable and the mechanical seal 40 is provided between the distribution shaft 31 and the piston rod 12 has been described. However, the present invention can be similarly applied to a rotating cylinder in which a distribution cylinder 16 is provided so as to be capable of relative rotation on a shaft provided so as to protrude from the lower end of the cylinder body 1. By preventing the piston rod 12 from dropping into the supply path R, floating substances such as chips can be prevented from entering the sliding portion of the distributor, and the life of the rotating cylinder can be extended.

It is sectional drawing which shows the rotating cylinder of this invention with which the vertical NC lathe was mounted | worn. It is an expanded sectional view which expands and shows the arrow Y part of FIG. It is an expanded sectional view which shows the operation state of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the different embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

A Rotating cylinder B Spindle C Connecting rod D Chuck R Supply path 1 Cylinder body 10 Piston 12 Piston rod 16 Distribution cylinder 17 Distributor 31 Distribution shaft 36 Supply path (supply path)
40 Mechanical seal 42a Through hole (supply path)
43a Through hole (supply path)
41a Through hole (supply path)
48 Valve body 48e Receiving member 50 Check valve

Claims (2)

A cylinder body that can be attached to the lower end of the vertical spindle in machine tools, a piston that is slidable in the cylinder body, and a piston that is connected to the connecting rod for chuck operation in the spindle. And a piston rod having a supply path capable of supplying a fluid different from that for piston operation in a passage provided in the connecting rod, and a pressure fluid for piston operation provided to be relatively rotatable to the cylinder body or the piston rod. In a rotating cylinder for chuck operation having a distributor capable of supplying a fluid for a supply path, a distribution hole is provided so as to communicate with a large diameter hole provided on the upper end side of the piston rod. A mechanical seal is provided between the mounting member fitted to the distribution shaft and the distribution shaft which is inserted into the distribution hole so as to be relatively rotatable and forms a plurality of passages. The cull seal includes a seal receiving member having a through hole communicating with the passage of the distribution shaft at the upper end portion, and a seal having a through hole in the shaft center portion that is slidably fitted in the through hole of the mounting member. And a spring member that abuts the lower end surface of the seal member against the upper end surface of the seal receiving portion. The passage of the distribution shaft, the through hole of the seal receiving member, the through hole of the seal member, and the through hole of the mounting member A check valve is provided in the supply path of the piston rod composed of the hole, and the check valve is closed with a lid member provided with a valve hole at the upper opening of the supply path of the piston rod. A valve body that can open and close the valve hole on the upper side is provided so as to be movable up and down, and the fluid supplied from below the distribution shaft is connected to the upper end of the connecting rod from the supply path of the piston rod through the mechanical seal to the chuck side When supplied, the fluid By raising it opens the supply passage of the piston rod, when the supply of fluid is stopped, rotating cylinder, characterized by comprising providing to close the supply passage of the piston rod descends valve body by its own weight. A cylinder body that can be attached to the lower end of the vertical spindle in machine tools, a piston that is slidable in the cylinder body, and a piston that is connected to the connecting rod for chuck operation in the spindle. And a piston rod having a supply path capable of supplying a fluid different from that for piston operation in a passage provided in the connecting rod, and a pressure fluid for piston operation provided to be relatively rotatable to the cylinder body or the piston rod. In a rotating cylinder for chuck operation having a distributor capable of supplying fluid for a supply passage, the upper opening of the supply passage is closed with a lid member having a communication hole in the supply passage of the piston rod , The member is provided with a receiving member that covers the upper part of the communication hole, and the fluid supplied from below the supply passage is connected to the connector through the side opening of the gap between the lid member and the receiving member. Allow the flow of fluid to the chuck side connected to the upper end of the Nguroddo, when the supply of fluid is stopped, characterized in that provided to allow fluid flow into the lower supply channel from the side opening Rotating cylinder.

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