JP3006015B2 - Phase modulator - Google Patents
Phase modulatorInfo
- Publication number
- JP3006015B2 JP3006015B2 JP2037016A JP3701690A JP3006015B2 JP 3006015 B2 JP3006015 B2 JP 3006015B2 JP 2037016 A JP2037016 A JP 2037016A JP 3701690 A JP3701690 A JP 3701690A JP 3006015 B2 JP3006015 B2 JP 3006015B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- phase
- modulator
- amplitude
- paths
- attenuator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Digital Transmission Methods That Use Modulated Carrier Waves (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 この発明は、例えばディジタル通信等に用いられる位
相変調器（より具体的にはPSK（Phase Shift Keying）
変調器）であって、特に、弾性表面波を用いた位相基準
器を備える位相変調器に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a phase modulator (more specifically, PSK (Phase Shift Keying)) used for digital communication and the like.
More particularly, the present invention relates to a phase modulator including a phase reference device using a surface acoustic wave.
この種の位相変調器であって４相のもの（即ちQPSK変
調器）の従来例を第６図に示す。FIG. 6 shows a conventional example of this type of phase modulator having four phases (that is, a QPSK modulator).
この位相変調器は、一端側に同一の搬送波Ｓが入力さ
れる四つの位相経路11〜14を有しており、その各々の途
中に、エンコーダ30によって択一的にオン状態にされる
アナログスイッチ21〜24がそれぞれ挿入されている。This phase modulator has four phase paths 11 to 14 to which the same carrier S is input at one end, and an analog switch which is selectively turned on by the encoder 30 in the middle of each of the four paths. 21 to 24 are inserted respectively.
エンコーダ30は、この例では、２ビットの変調信号
（パルス信号）b1、b2に応じて、その四つの出力線31〜
34の内の一つに択一的に制御信号を出力し、これによっ
て前記アナログスイッチ21〜24を択一的にオン状態にす
る。このようにして、変調信号b1、b2に応じて各位相経
路11〜14が択一的に選択される。In this example, the encoder 30 outputs the four output lines 31 to according to the 2-bit modulation signals (pulse signals) b 1 and b 2.
A control signal is alternatively output to one of the 34, whereby the analog switches 21 to 24 are alternatively turned on. In this way, each of the phase paths 11 to 14 is alternatively selected according to the modulation signals b 1 and b 2 .
この四つの位相経路11〜14の途中には、弾性表面波を
用いた位相基準器40が挿入されており、かつ各位相経路
11〜14の他端側は、加算器50に接続されている。A phase reference device 40 using a surface acoustic wave is inserted in the middle of the four phase paths 11 to 14, and each phase path
The other ends of 11 to 14 are connected to an adder 50.
位相基準器40は、この例では、各位相経路11〜14を通
る搬送波Ｓの位相をそれぞれ０、π/2、π、３π/2〔ra
d〕だけ遅らせる四つの弾性表面波遅延線41〜44から成
る。In this example, the phase reference unit 40 sets the phase of the carrier S passing through each of the phase paths 11 to 14 to 0, π / 2, π, 3π / 2 [ra
d], consisting of four surface acoustic wave delay lines 41 to 44 delayed by only d).
このような構成によれば、変調信号b1、b2に応じて、
搬送波Ｓの瞬時位相を０、π/2、π、３π/2変化させた
変調出力SOを加算器50の出力として得ることができる。According to such a configuration, according to the modulation signals b 1 and b 2 ,
The modulation output SO obtained by changing the instantaneous phase of the carrier S by 0, π / 2, π, 3π / 2 can be obtained as the output of the adder 50.
ところが、上記アナログスイッチ21〜24におけるばら
つきは小さいとしても、弾性表面波を用いた位相基準器
40における位相シフト量のばらつきが大きく（例えば±
１〜±５゜程度）、また振幅のばらつきも大きい（例え
ば0.1〜数dB程度）場合がある。However, even if the variation in the analog switches 21 to 24 is small, a phase reference using a surface acoustic wave is used.
The variation in the amount of phase shift at 40 is large (for example, ±
(About 1 to ± 5 °), and the variation in amplitude may be large (for example, about 0.1 to several dB).
このようなばらつきを放置しておくと、各相（各位相
チャンネル）における位相状態の正確さおよび各相間の
振幅のバランスを欠いた位相変調器となり、例えばそれ
を用いた通信システムにおいて誤り率が大きくなる等の
不具合が生じる。If such variations are left unchecked, the phase modulator lacks the accuracy of the phase state in each phase (each phase channel) and the balance of the amplitude between the phases. For example, in a communication system using the same, the error rate is reduced. Problems such as an increase in size occur.
そこでこの発明は、前記位相基準器等のような構成部
品に位相および振幅のばらつきが存在する場合でも、各
相において正確な位相状態が取れ、かつ各相間における
振幅のバランスの良い位相変調器を提供することを主た
る目的とする。Therefore, the present invention provides a phase modulator that can obtain an accurate phase state in each phase and has a well-balanced amplitude between the phases even when the components such as the phase reference unit and the like have variations in phase and amplitude. Its primary purpose is to provide.
上記目的を達成するため、この発明の位相変調器は、
前述したような各位相経路中であって位相基準器以外の
部分に、そこを通る電気信号の振幅調整用の減衰器と、
同信号の位相調整用の移相器とをそれぞれ挿入したこと
を特徴とする。In order to achieve the above object, a phase modulator of the present invention comprises:
An attenuator for adjusting the amplitude of an electric signal passing therethrough in each of the phase paths as described above and other than the phase reference device,
A phase shifter for adjusting the phase of the signal is inserted.
上記構成によれば、各減衰器および各移相器によっ
て、各位相経路を通る信号の位相および振幅を、各位相
経路ごとに独立して調整することができる。According to the above configuration, the phase and the amplitude of the signal passing through each phase path can be adjusted independently for each phase path by each attenuator and each phase shifter.
第１図は、この発明の一実施例に係る４相位相変調器
（QPSK変調器）を示す回路図である。第６図の従来例と
同等部分には同一符号を付し、以下においては当該従来
例との相違点を主に説明する。FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a four-phase phase modulator (QPSK modulator) according to one embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those in the conventional example shown in FIG. 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and differences from the conventional example will be mainly described below.
この実施例においては、前述した四つの各位相経路11
〜14中に、そこを通る搬送波Ｓの振幅調整用の減衰器61
〜64と、同搬送波Ｓの位相調整用の移相器71〜74とをそ
れぞれ挿入している。In this embodiment, each of the aforementioned four phase paths 11
, An attenuator 61 for adjusting the amplitude of the carrier S passing therethrough.
To 64 and phase shifters 71 to 74 for adjusting the phase of the carrier S.
各減衰器61〜64は、例えば、第２図に示すようなＴ
型、あるいは第３図に示すようなπ型とし、高抵抗の基
板（例えばアルミナ基板等）上に抵抗体を厚膜で形成す
る。振幅調整は、各相間のバランスを見ながら、レーザ
ーあるいはサンドブラスト等で、各減衰器61〜64を構成
する抵抗体をトリミングすることによって行うことがで
きる。Each of the attenuators 61 to 64 is, for example, a T as shown in FIG.
A resistor is formed as a thick film on a high-resistance substrate (for example, an alumina substrate or the like). The amplitude adjustment can be performed by trimming the resistors constituting each of the attenuators 61 to 64 with a laser or sandblast while checking the balance between the phases.
各移相器71〜74としては、回路の電気長を可変させる
回路素子を用いる。例えば、基板上にメアンダラインを
形成しておき、その一部をショートさせる位置によって
位相シフト量を調整することができる。As each of the phase shifters 71 to 74, a circuit element that changes the electrical length of the circuit is used. For example, a meander line is formed on a substrate, and the amount of phase shift can be adjusted depending on the position where a part of the meander line is short-circuited.
上記構成によれば、各減衰器61〜64および各移相器71
〜74によって、各位相経路11〜14を通る搬送波Ｓの位相
および振幅を、各位相経路11〜14ごとに独立して調整す
ることができる。According to the above configuration, each of the attenuators 61 to 64 and each of the phase shifters 71
74, the phase and amplitude of the carrier S passing through each of the phase paths 11 to 14 can be independently adjusted for each of the phase paths 11 to 14.
従って、前記位相基準器40、アナログスイッチ21〜24
等の当該位相変調器の構成部品に、その製造時から位相
および振幅のばらつきが存在する場合でも、当該位相変
調器の製造時に調整でそれらを吸収することができる。
従って、各相において正確な位相状態が取れ、かつ各相
間における振幅のバランスの良い位相変調器が得られ
る。その結果例えば、これを用いた通信システムにおい
て誤り率を小さくすることができる。Therefore, the phase reference device 40, the analog switches 21 to 24
And the like, even if there is a phase and amplitude variation in the components of the phase modulator from the time of manufacture, it can be absorbed by adjustment during the manufacture of the phase modulator.
Accordingly, an accurate phase state can be obtained in each phase, and a phase modulator having a well-balanced amplitude between the phases can be obtained. As a result, for example, an error rate can be reduced in a communication system using the same.
なお、上記各減衰器61〜64および各移相器71〜74は、
各位相経路11〜14上であれば、搬送波Ｓの入力点から加
算器50までのどの場所に挿入しても良い。例えば第４図
に示す場所A1〜A4、B1〜B4およびC1〜C4のどこに挿入し
ても良い。In addition, each of the attenuators 61 to 64 and each of the phase shifters 71 to 74 are
As long as it is on each of the phase paths 11 to 14, it may be inserted anywhere from the input point of the carrier S to the adder 50. For example where A 1 to A 4 shown in FIG. 4, B 1 .about.B 4 and C 1 -C anywhere may be inserted in the 4.
また、以上はQPSK変調器を例に説明したが、弾性表面
波を位相基準器に用いる場合は、２π/n〔rad〕（ｎは
整数）ずつ異なる位相状態を与える位相基準器40を作成
することができ、これを用いたｎ相位相変調器の一例を
第５図に示す。ｎはより具体的には、変調信号b1〜bmが
ｍビット（ｍは整数）の場合、ｎ＝2mとなる。Although the QPSK modulator has been described above as an example, when a surface acoustic wave is used as a phase reference device, a phase reference device 40 that gives different phase states by 2π / n [rad] (n is an integer) is created. FIG. 5 shows an example of an n-phase modulator using the same. More specifically, n is 2 m when the modulation signals b 1 to b m are m bits (m is an integer).
この場合も、前記実施例と同様に、各位相経路11〜1n
に振幅調整用の減衰器61〜6nおよび位相調整用の移相器
71〜7nを挿入することにより、位相および振幅の精度の
高い位相変調器（例えば8PSK変調器、16PSK変調器、・
・・）を得ることができる。In this case, similarly to the above embodiment, each of the phase paths 11 to 1n
Attenuators 61-6n for amplitude adjustment and phase shifter for phase adjustment
By inserting 71 to 7n, a phase modulator with high phase and amplitude accuracy (for example, 8PSK modulator, 16PSK modulator,
・ ・) Can be obtained.
以上のようにこの発明によれば、位相基準器等の構成
部品に、その製造時から位相および振幅のばらつきが存
在する場合でも、それを各位相経路中に挿入した振幅調
整用の減衰器と位相調整用の移相器とで各相独立して補
正することができるので、各相において正確な位相状態
が取れ、かつ各相間における振幅のバランスの良い位相
変調器を得ることができる。As described above, according to the present invention, even if a component such as a phase reference device has a variation in phase and amplitude from the time of its manufacture, an attenuator for amplitude adjustment inserted into each phase path. Since each phase can be independently corrected by the phase shifter for phase adjustment, an accurate phase state can be obtained in each phase, and a phase modulator having a well-balanced amplitude between the phases can be obtained.
第１図は、この発明の一実施例に係る４相位相変調器
（QPSK変調器）を示す回路図である。第２図は、Ｔ型の
減衰器を示す回路図である。第３図は、π型の減衰器を
示す回路図である。第４図は、振幅調整用の減衰器と位
相調整用の移相器の挿入可能位置を示す回路図である。
第５図は、この発明の他の実施例に係るｎ相位相変調器
を示す回路図である。第６図は、従来の４相位相変調器
（QPSK変調器）の一例を示す回路図である。 11〜1n……位相経路、21〜2n……アナログスイッチ、30
……エンコーダ、40……位相基準器、41〜4n……弾性表
面波遅延線、50……加算器、61〜6n……振幅調整用の減
衰器、71〜7n……位相調整用の移相器。FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a four-phase phase modulator (QPSK modulator) according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a T-type attenuator. FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a π-type attenuator. FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing the insertion positions of an attenuator for amplitude adjustment and a phase shifter for phase adjustment.
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing an n-phase modulator according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a conventional four-phase phase modulator (QPSK modulator). 11 to 1n: Phase path, 21 to 2n: Analog switch, 30
... Encoder, 40 ... Phase reference, 41-4n ... Surface acoustic wave delay line, 50 ... Adder, 61-6n ... Attenuator for amplitude adjustment, 71-7n ... Transfer for phase adjustment Phaser.
Claims (1)
（ｎは整数）の位相経路を有し、各位相経路を通る搬送
波に、弾性表面波を用いた位相基準器によって２π/n
〔rad〕ずつ異なる位相状態を与えるようにした位相変
調器において、前記各位相経路中であって前記位相基準
器以外の部分に、そこを通る電気信号の振幅調整用の減
衰器と、同信号の位相調整用の移相器とをそれぞれ挿入
したことを特徴とする位相変調器。The present invention has n (n is an integer) phase paths which are selectively selected in accordance with a modulation signal, and a carrier passing through each phase path is provided with a 2π by a phase reference using a surface acoustic wave. / n
(Rad) in a phase modulator to give different phase states, in each of the phase paths other than the phase reference device, an attenuator for adjusting the amplitude of an electric signal passing therethrough, the same signal And a phase shifter for phase adjustment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2037016A JP3006015B2 (en) | 1990-02-16 | 1990-02-16 | Phase modulator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2037016A JP3006015B2 (en) | 1990-02-16 | 1990-02-16 | Phase modulator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03240339A JPH03240339A (en) | 1991-10-25 |
| JP3006015B2 true JP3006015B2 (en) | 2000-02-07 |
Family
ID=12485874
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2037016A Expired - Fee Related JP3006015B2 (en) | 1990-02-16 | 1990-02-16 | Phase modulator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3006015B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4701187B2 (en) | 2004-11-30 | 2011-06-15 | パナソニック株式会社 | Image processing method, image processing apparatus, and image processing program |
| WO2010090025A1 (en) | 2009-02-05 | 2010-08-12 | パナソニック株式会社 | Imaging processor |
-
1990
- 1990-02-16 JP JP2037016A patent/JP3006015B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH03240339A (en) | 1991-10-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |