JP3001814B2 - Member joining method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a member joining method for joining an electrically insulating member such as a ceramic or a synthetic resin in order to improve heat resistance, abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance and the like of a metal surface.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to improve the heat resistance, abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance and the like of a metal surface, a ceramic chip is bonded to the surface of a metal base material by a method such as an adhesive or silver brazing. However, the adhesive method does not provide sufficient heat resistance, and the silver brazing method requires a vacuum atmosphere and cannot be applied on site.

FIG. 11 shows a prior art of a method of joining a ceramic base material using a metal pin on a metal surface.
A through hole is provided in a ceramic piece 1 such as alumina, zirconia, or sialon, and a metal stud pin 2 is inserted into the through hole. A recess 4 for forming a brazing portion 3 is provided on the bonding surface side of the ceramic piece 1, and the stud pin 2 and the ceramic piece 1 are fixed in advance by brazing. With the ceramic piece 1 and the stud pin 2 welded together, the tip of the stud pin 2 is brought into contact with the surface of the metal base material 5 as shown in FIG. Stud welding is performed as shown in FIG.
The tip of the stud pin 2 is partially melted to form a welded portion 6 with the surface of the metal base material 5 to complete the joining. The tail end side of the stud pin 2 is mechanically removed, and the folded part 7 is ground so as to be flush with the surface of the ceramic piece 1.

[0004] Fig. 12 shows a metal ring 10 as shown in Fig. 12 (a), which avoids brazing between a ceramic piece 1 and a stud pin 2 as shown in Fig. 11 or a ceramic piece 11a as shown in Fig. 12 (a). The stud pins 12a, 12a are held while holding the ceramic square piece 11b as shown in FIG.
2b are joined by brazing portions 13a and 13b, respectively. Metal ring 10 and ceramic square pieces 11a, 11b
The recesses 14 are formed in the ceramic square pieces 11a and 11b, respectively, in order to make the surface of the ceramic pieces even.

[0005]

In the prior art shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the ceramic square pieces 1, 11a, 11
b, the surface of the metal base material 5 is covered with the stud pins 2, 12a,
There is a place where the surface of 12b is exposed, which may be a weak point in heat resistance and wear resistance. For example, if the metal is exposed on the first wall that confines the plasma in a nuclear fusion reactor or the like, the metal element may be mixed into the plasma, deteriorating the characteristics of the plasma.

In the prior art shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, a brazing step is performed to combine the metal stud pins 2, 12a, 12b and the ceramic square pieces 1, 11a, 11b. A joining process such as attachment is required, which increases the manufacturing cost.

An object of the present invention is to provide a member joining method which does not require brazing and does not expose metal on the surface.

[0008]

According to the present invention, there is provided an electric insulating member having a vertical hole which is opened at a joint surface to a metal base material surface, a vertical hole which does not penetrate a surface opposed to the joint surface, and an opening at one side surface. And a side hole that does not penetrate is formed on the side opposite to the one side, and when a plurality of electrically insulating members are arranged in one direction, the direction of the side hole is changed by at least one side. The direction of the electrically insulating member is different from that of the other electrically insulating members, and the distal end of the welding metal member is connected to the joining surface in a state where the welding metal member is mechanically held by the horizontal hole and the vertical hole of each electrically insulating member. A stud welding of the tip of the welding metal member to the surface of the metal base material by contacting the surface of the metal base material from the opening of the metal base material and applying a current to the welding metal member through the lateral hole. It is. According to the present invention, an opening of a vertical hole that does not penetrate the surface is formed in the joint surface of the electrically insulating member, and communicates with the side surface through the horizontal hole. The side hole does not penetrate the side surface opposite to the side surface. In a state where the welding metal member is mechanically held in the electrically insulating member by the horizontal hole and the vertical hole, and the tip of the welding metal member is brought into contact with the metal base material surface from the opening of the joining surface,
Electric current is supplied to the welding metal member through the lateral hole, and stud welding can be performed between the tip of the welding metal member and the surface of the metal base material. Since there is no need to join such as brazing between the welding metal member and the electrically insulating member, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost. Since the tip of the metal member for welding and the surface of the metal base material are joined by stud welding, on-site construction can be easily performed. Since the welding metal member is not exposed on the surface of the electrically insulating member, there is no risk of deteriorating the heat resistance and wear resistance of the electrically insulating member. Further, when arranging the plurality of electrically insulating members in one direction, the direction of the side hole is directed to a direction different from that of the other electrically insulating members with respect to at least one of the electrically insulating members. Can be inserted, it is possible to prevent the electrical insulating member from shifting on the surface of the metal base material.

Further, the vertical hole according to the present invention is characterized in that an opening width at a joint surface is smaller than an inner shape. According to the present invention, the hole width of the vertical hole at the joint surface is smaller than the internal shape, so that the electrically insulating member can be prevented from separating from the surface of the metal base material.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that energization through the lateral hole is performed by a wire previously connected to the metal member for welding. According to the present invention, the wire connected to the welding metal member in advance is drawn out to the outside from the lateral hole formed in the electrically insulating member, and the stud welding is energized, so that the stud welding can be performed reliably.

Further, according to the present invention, while maintaining the welding metal member such that a rod formed in advance in the welding metal member extends to the side opening side in the lateral hole, the lateral hole is formed from outside the electrically insulating member. An electrode is inserted into the opening on the side surface and brought into contact with the rod, thereby conducting electricity through the lateral hole. According to the present invention, a rod is formed in the welding metal member, the welding metal member is held such that the rod extends into the side hole of the electrically insulating member, and an electrode is externally provided in the opening on the side surface of the side hole. Can be inserted into contact with the rod to perform stud welding. Since the welding metal member can be easily handled using the rod, workability is improved.

Further, the lateral hole according to the present invention is characterized in that the lateral hole has a taper such that a sectional shape near an opening on a side surface is equal to or slightly larger than a sectional shape inside the electrically insulating member. According to the present invention, the lateral hole formed in the electrically insulating member has a taper such that the cross-sectional shape near the side opening is equal to or slightly larger than the internal cross-sectional shape. When it is inserted, it can be easily inserted and can be accurately held inside.

[0013]

Further, according to the present invention, a vertical hole provided with a screw on the inner peripheral side is formed in the electrically insulating member so as to be opened at the joint surface to the surface of the metal base material and not penetrate the surface facing the joint surface. In advance, the welding metal member is made to protrude from the opening of the joining surface of the electrically insulating member, and is housed in the vertical hole so that the tip can be brought into contact with the surface of the metal base material. A member joining method characterized by mechanically holding with a screw and welding between the surface of the metal base material and the tip of the welding metal member from the back side facing the metal member surface. According to the present invention, the welding metal member is housed in the vertical hole and held with screws so that the tip protrudes from the opening of the electrically insulating member so as to be able to contact the surface of the metal base material. Welding from the back side of. If the metal base material is thin,
For example, using a laser beam, an electron beam, or the like, welding between the tip of the welding metal member and the surface of the metal base material can be performed from the back side.

Further, according to the present invention, when a plurality of electrically insulating members are joined to the surface of the metal base material, gaps between the electrically insulating members are plugged by using volume expansion cement as an electrically insulating material. It is characterized by the following. According to the present invention, when joining a plurality of electrically insulating members to the metal base material surface,
Since the gap between the electrically insulating members is sealed with the electrically insulating material, the surface of the metal base material and the metal member for welding that come into contact with the atmosphere through the gap and the side hole can be completely covered with the electrically insulating material. , Heat resistance and corrosion resistance can be improved.

[0016]

[0017]

[0018]

[0019]

FIG. 1 shows a member joining method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The ceramic square piece 21, which is an electrically insulating member, is connected to the joining metal member 2 for stud welding.
2 has a vertical hole 23 and a horizontal hole 24 for mechanically holding the same. The vertical hole 23 is a through-hole that opens in the joint surface of the ceramic square piece 21 and does not open in the surface facing the joint surface. The vertical hole 23 and the horizontal hole 24 communicate internally, and the horizontal hole 24
Is opened on one side surface of the ceramic square piece 21. The joining metal member 22 can be inserted into the vertical hole 23 of the ceramic square piece 21 via the horizontal hole 24. The tip of the joining metal member 22 inserted into the vertical hole 23 is a ceramic square piece 21.
1 can be brought into contact with the surface of the metal base material 25 through the opening of the joining surface of FIG.
Is held in such a state that it does not come off in the vertical direction. The bonding metal member 22 includes a wire 27 connectable to an external power source 26.
Are connected in advance. When a welding current is supplied from a power source 26 via a wire 27 and pressurized by a pressing rod 28 from the surface of the ceramic piece 21, a stud is formed between the tip of the joining metal member 22 and the surface of the metal base material 25. Welding can be performed.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show the shapes of the ceramic square piece 21 and the joining metal member 22 used in the embodiment of FIG. 1, respectively. A lateral hole 24 having a sectional shape corresponding to the outer shape of the joining metal member 22 is opened on one side surface of the ceramic square piece 21. The lower end of the horizontal hole 24 opens to the joint surface of the ceramic piece 21, and a vertical hole 23 is formed in the depth direction of the horizontal hole 24. As for the cross-sectional shape of the horizontal hole 24, the holding portion 31 is formed such that the cross-sectional shape as the vertical hole 23 is larger inside the ceramic piece 21 than at the opening of the joint surface. The shape of the holding portion 31 is the shape of the joining metal member 22.
Corresponds to the shape of the base 32 having the cross-sectional shape. When the joining metal member 22 is inserted into the ceramic piece 21 from the lateral hole 24, the tip of the joining metal member 22 is exposed from the opening of the vertical hole 23, and the wire 27 is pulled out through the opening of the lateral hole 24. , Through the wire 27,
The stud welding shown in FIG. 1 is performed. The joining metal member 22 as shown in FIG. 3 can be obtained by cutting an extruded bar material. Off-the-shelf stud pins and stud bolts can also be used.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show an arrangement method when a plurality of ceramic square pieces 21 are joined to the surface of a metal base material 25. FIG. 4 shows a case where a plurality of ceramic pieces 21 are arranged in a line, and FIG. 5 shows a case where a plurality of ceramic pieces 21 are arranged two-dimensionally. 4 in FIG.
The number 3 or the numbers 1 to 20 in FIG. 5 indicate the order in which the ceramic pieces 21 are joined. Since each ceramic square piece 21 is provided with a horizontal hole 24 as shown by a broken line, when a plurality of ceramic square pieces 21 are combined, it is necessary to consider the direction of the horizontal hole 24 to prevent displacement. . In FIG. 4, first, the center ceramic piece 21 is joined, and the third ceramic piece 21 from the opposite direction is joined while closing the opening of the lateral hole 24 with the next ceramic piece 21. Second ceramic piece 2
Since the orientation of the lateral holes 24 of the first and third ceramic pieces 21 is back-to-back, the ceramic pieces 21 after the joining is completed will not shift on the surface of the metal base material 25. As shown in FIG. 5, when the ceramic square pieces 21 are further two-dimensionally joined, the directions of the horizontal holes 24 are not completely aligned in at least one direction so as to cause a mutual slip preventing action.

FIG. 6 shows the shape of a ceramic square piece 41 used as still another embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, a tapered portion is provided at the base of the joining metal member 42, and a lateral hole 44 having a tapered portion 43 is opened on the side surface of the ceramic square piece 41. The tapered portion 43 of the lateral hole 44 corresponds to the taper of the base of the joining metal member 42, has a large cross-sectional shape at the side opening, and has a tapered portion of the base of the joining metal member 42 and a tapered portion 43 at a predetermined internal position. Are formed in such a shape as to match. Thereby, the joining metal member 42 is easily inserted from the opening on the side surface,
It can be securely held at a predetermined position.

FIG. 7 shows, as still another embodiment of the present invention, a gap 45 formed between the ceramic square pieces 21 and 41 when a plurality of ceramic square pieces 21 and 41 are joined to the surface of the metal base material. Is sealed with an electrically insulating material such as a ceramic paste to prevent rattling. This prevents the high-temperature atmosphere or the like from coming into contact with the joining metal members 22 and 42 through the gap 45 through the surface of the metal base material and the lateral holes 24 and 44, thereby improving heat resistance and corrosion resistance. If volume expansion cement is used for plugging the gap 45, the gap can be reliably closed. When the openings of the lateral holes 24 and 44 are exposed on the side surfaces, the lateral holes 24 and 44 may be similarly closed.

FIG. 8 shows the shape of a joining metal member 46 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a small rod 47 is attached to the side surface of the joining metal member 46 in advance.
Is formed. The ceramic square pieces 21, 4 are oriented such that the rods face the opening of the side surface in the lateral holes 24, 44.
A metal member 46 for bonding is held in 1, and an electrode inserted from the openings of the lateral holes 24 and 44 is brought into contact with the rod 47 to conduct electricity. In addition, the rod 47 is used to mechanically grip and handle with a chuck, or the metal for joining is inserted into the lateral holes 24, 24 from the side openings of the ceramic square pieces 21, 41 while being held at the tip of the robot. The member 46 can be inserted and the stud welding can be performed automatically as a series of operations.

FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which, for example, when the metal base material 50 for bonding is relatively thin, a ring-shaped welded portion 51 is attached from the back side to the back side. FIG. 6 shows a state in which the tips of the joining metal members 22 and 42 that are formed by the laser beam 52 from the surface and come into contact with the surface of the metal base material 50 from the joining surfaces of the ceramic square pieces 21 and 41 are melted and joined. The thickness of the metal base material 50 can be, for example, up to about 50 mm. Joining using not only the laser beam 52 but also an electron beam is possible. Further, when the thickness of the metal base material 50 is thinner, projection is provided on the metal base material 50 or the tips of the joining metal members 22 and 42 by applying an electrode from the back side, and projection welding is performed. Is also possible.

FIG. 10 shows a ceramic piece 61 and a stud bolt 62 according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
Shows the combination state of. The ceramic square piece 61 has a thread corresponding to the thread of the stud bolt 62 at the time of preliminary sintering. After the final sintering, the stud bolt 62 is mechanically fixed by a screw from the joint surface. Can be. The tip of the stud bolt 62 is exposed at the joint surface, and the ceramic square piece 61 can be joined to the surface of the metal base material by a laser beam or the like from the back side of the metal base material, as in the embodiment of FIG. According to the present embodiment, it is not necessary to form an opening also on the side surface of the ceramic square piece 61, so that good heat resistance and corrosion resistance can be maintained.
In order to reduce the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the ceramic piece 61 and the stud bolt 62, the stud bolt 6
It is preferable to use a material such as Invar or Kovar for 2. Further, instead of the screw member, a member having a tapered outer shape tapering toward the joint surface may be used.

In each of the above embodiments, the ceramic insulating pieces 21, 41, 61 are used as the electrically insulating members. However, a synthetic resin having good heat resistance and corrosion resistance such as fluororesin is used. Can also. As a ceramic material, alumina, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, etc., which are often used as a structural material, are used.
A degree of heat resistance can be easily obtained.

Furthermore, although each embodiment shows a case where only one hole is provided in a relatively small block, it is also possible to provide a plurality of holes at appropriate locations on a panel-like member having a wide surface and fix the same. It is.

[0029]

As described above, according to the present invention, the tip of the welding metal member is brought into contact with the surface of the metal base material from the joint surface of the electrically insulating member, and stud welding is performed from the side surface of the electrically insulating member. Can be. Since the metal member for welding is mechanically held in the electrically insulating member, there is no need for brazing, and it can be joined to the surface of the metal base material only by stud welding, making it easy to perform on-site construction Can be. In the joined state, the metal member for welding is not exposed on the surface of the electrically insulating member, so that good heat resistance, wear resistance and corrosion resistance can be maintained. In addition, when a plurality of electrically insulating members are arranged in one direction, the directions of the horizontal holes are not all aligned, so that a displacement along the surface of the metal base material can be prevented.

Further, according to the present invention, since the vertical hole is opened to the joining surface with a smaller diameter than the internal shape so that the electrically insulating member does not separate from the surface of the metal base material, reliable joining can be performed.

Further, according to the present invention, when the stud welding of the welding metal member is performed, the current is supplied through the wire connected to the welding metal member in advance, so that the stud welding can be reliably performed.

Further, according to the present invention, since a rod is provided on the welding metal member in advance, and electricity is supplied during stud welding via the rod, the electrode inserted from the side of the electrically insulating member is brought into contact with the metal member for reliable welding. And the welding metal member can be easily handled using the rod.

Further, according to the present invention, the lateral hole formed in the electrically insulating member has a taper such that the cross-sectional shape near the side opening is larger than the internal cross-sectional shape.
The welding member can be easily inserted from the side,
Positioning can be reliably performed inside.

[0034]

Further, according to the present invention, when the thickness of the metal base material is small, the welding metal contacting the surface of the metal base material by projecting its tip from the opening of the joint surface of the electrically insulating member. The member can be easily joined from the back surface to the surface of the metal base material.

Further, according to the present invention, the gap between the electrically insulating members is sealed with an electrically insulating material, so that the atmosphere on the surface of the metal base material through the gap and the surface side of the metal member for welding through the lateral hole. And the heat resistance and corrosion resistance can be improved. In addition, since volume expansion cement is used for plugging, the gap can be reliably filled.

[0037]

[0038]

[0039]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a simplified side view showing a member joining method as one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows a ceramic piece 21 used in the embodiment of FIG.
It is a perspective view which shows the shape of.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a shape of a joining metal member 22 used in the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a simplified side view showing an arrangement method when a plurality of ceramic pieces 21 are arranged in a line on the surface of a metal base material according to the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a simplified plan view showing an arrangement method when a plurality of ceramic pieces 21 are two-dimensionally arranged on the surface of a metal base material according to the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a side view of a ceramic piece 41 according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 shows, as still another embodiment of the present invention, a state in which when a plurality of ceramic pieces 21 and 41 are joined to the surface of a metal base material, sealing is performed between the ceramic pieces 21 and 41. It is the simplified top view.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a shape of a joining metal member used in still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a simplified cross-sectional view showing a welding method according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a combined shape of a ceramic square piece 61 and a stud bolt 62 according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a simplified cross-sectional view illustrating a bonding method according to a prior art.

FIG. 12 is a simplified cross-sectional view illustrating another prior art bonding method.

[Explanation of symbols]

 21, 41, 61 Ceramic pieces 22, 42, 46 Metal member for joining 23 Vertical hole 24, 44 Horizontal hole 25 Metal base material 26 Power supply 27 Wire 28 Press rod 31 Holder 32 Base 43 Taper 45 Gap 47 Rod 52 Laser beam 62 Stud bolt 63 Screw hole

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-1-289575 (JP, A) JP-A-4-327385 (JP, A) JP-A-5-131284 (JP, A) 111283 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C04B 37/02 B23K 9/20

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. A vertical hole which is opened at a joint surface to a surface of a metal base material and which does not penetrate a surface opposite to the joint surface, and which is open at one side and communicates with the vertical hole. A side hole that does not penetrate is formed on a side surface opposite to one side surface, and when a plurality of electrically insulating members are arranged in one direction, the direction of the side hole is changed with respect to at least one of the electrically insulating members. The welding metal member is held in a direction different from that of the electrically insulating member, and the welding metal member is mechanically held by the horizontal hole and the vertical hole of each electrical insulating member. A stud welding of the tip of the welding metal member to the surface of the metal base material by applying a current to the welding metal member through the lateral hole. 2. The member joining method according to claim 1, wherein an opening width of the vertical hole at a joining surface is smaller than an inner shape. 3. The member joining method according to claim 1, wherein the energization through the lateral hole is performed by a wire connected to a metal member for welding in advance. 4. A side opening of the side hole of the lateral hole from outside of the electrically insulating member while holding the welding metal member so that a rod formed in advance in the welding metal member extends to the side opening side in the lateral hole. 2. An electric current is passed through the lateral hole by inserting an electrode into the portion and bringing the electrode into contact with the rod.
Or the member joining method according to 2. 5. The lateral hole has a taper such that a cross-sectional shape near an opening on a side surface is equal to or larger than a cross-sectional shape inside the electrically insulating member.
5. The member joining method according to any one of items 1 to 4, 6. An electrically insulating member is provided with a vertical hole having a screw on an inner peripheral side thereof, which is opened at a joining surface to a surface of a metal base material and does not penetrate a surface facing the joining surface. The welding metal member is made to protrude from the opening of the joining surface of the electrically insulating member, and is housed in the vertical hole so that the tip can be brought into contact with the surface of the metal base material. A member joining method, comprising: welding between a front surface of a metal base material and a tip of a welding metal member from a rear surface side facing the metal member surface. 7. When joining a plurality of electrically insulating members to the surface of the metal base material, gaps between the electrically insulating members are plugged by using volume expansion cement as an electrically insulating material. The member joining method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein