JP2998531B2 - Composite yarn and fabric - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a special core-sheath type composite yarn and a composite yarn thereof, which has a good tension, good waist, a soft feel and feel, and a high strength and a high repellency. water·
The present invention relates to a fabric having the property of oil repellency and water.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for a composite yarn having a structure in which a sheath yarn is surrounded around a core yarn, many methods have been used for various purposes. For example, a composite yarn in which a filament yarn is over-fed and wound around short fibers, a method for producing the same (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-109649), and a microfilament filament yarn is wound around a short fiber bundle. (JP-A-3-279431), a core component composed of a spun yarn, and a sheath component composed of the same material of staple fibers (JP-A-61-6341), a synthesis having a metal filament and a loop or a tarmi. Fiber multifilament yarns (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 221430/1990), and those wherein the core component is composed of short fibers of aromatic polyamide fibers and the sheath component is composed of short fibers or long fibers of polyester fibers (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-8).
No. 30), the core component is a high softening point polyester,
Examples include those in which the sheath component is composed of a polyester having a low softening point (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-139412).

As described above, there are many proposals for composite yarns and fabrics using ultrafine fibers. However, ultrafine fibers tend to be tight and stiff, tend to have a feeling of tangling and rattling. Then, there was a fatal problem of low mechanical performance including tear strength. Furthermore, the ultrafine fibers have the property that the single yarns are more likely to be bundled as they become thinner, and when bundled, they function only as thick fibers substantially, and have the drawback of giving a paper-like feel. For this reason, the characteristics of the ultrafine fibers cannot be utilized, and their uses have been limited.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the drawbacks of the prior art, has a supple texture,
In addition, it is intended to provide a composite yarn having coloring property and high mechanical performance, and furthermore, it has good tension, good waist, and soft texture and feel, and further has high strength, high water repellency,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a fabric having the characteristics of oil repellency and water.

[0005]

The present invention for achieving the above object has the following constitution. That is, in the composite yarn of the present invention, the core component is composed of a polyamide fiber having a single yarn of 0.3 to 10 denier, and the sheath component is uniformly mixed with a large number of ultrafine polyamide fibers having a single yarn of 0.4 denier or less and ultrafine polyester fibers. It is characterized by having a core-sheath structure in which a sheath component is disposed around a core component, and the fabric of the present invention comprises a part or It is characterized by being used as a whole.

[0006]

The present invention will be described below in more detail.

According to the present invention, the filament or staple of an ultrafine polyamide fiber and an ultrafine polyester fiber having a core component composed of a polyamide filament having a single yarn of 0.3 to 10 denier and a sheath component having a single yarn of 0.3 denier or less is substantially used. The problem of the above-mentioned prior art is solved by forming a core-sheath structure composed of a yarn mixed uniformly and having a sheath component surrounding the core component.

That is, by arranging a thick polyamide fiber having a single yarn of 0.3 to 10 denier as a core component, a supple feel unique to the polyamide fiber can be obtained, and at the same time, a preferable tension and waist can be exhibited, and a more preferable color development can be achieved. It develops the properties and high mechanical performance. In such a core component fiber, when the fineness is less than 0.3 denier, when the fabric is made, it is not preferable because the tension and stiffness are poor and the mechanical performance is low. Conversely, when the denier is 10 denier or more, the flexibility of the fabric is lost, which is not preferable.

Such polyamide fibers are nylon 4, nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 610, nylon 1
1 or a fiber made of a polymer such as a copolymer thereof can be used.
Nylon 66 is preferably used. The number of single yarns of the core component is preferably 1 to 10, and particularly preferably 1 to 3.

[0010] The reason for using a mixed fiber in which a large number of ultrafine polyamide fibers and ultrafine polyester fibers each having a density of 0.3 denier or less in a sheath component constituting the outer side of the composite yarn are substantially evenly mixed is a different component. By arranging the microfibers adjacent to each other, the microfibers of different components repel each other and prevent the convergence unique to the microfibers, and each microfiber is likely to exist independently through a fine air gap It can be. That is, a so-called multi-micro arch structure, which is formed from a large number of microfibers having expanded bulges and arranged so that the surface is substantially acute and the surface area is large, can be obtained. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a soft and pleasant feeling utilizing the characteristics of the ultrafine fibers.

The composite yarn of the present invention employs a fiber form in which the core component is a filament and the sheath component is a staple or a filament.

The thickness of the sheath component fiber is preferably not more than 0.3 denier in a single yarn.
It is preferably 0.1 denier or less. The ultrafine polyamide fiber and the ultrafine polyester fiber do not necessarily have to have the same thickness, but preferably both have a similar thickness.

The ultrafine polyamide fiber in the sheath component fiber may be a fiber made of the same polymer as the core component fiber described above. On the other hand, extra-fine polyester fiber is
Fibers made of a polymer such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate or a copolymer thereof are used.

1 and 2 are cross-sectional model diagrams of the composite yarn of the present invention. 1 is a core component, 2 and 2 'are sheath components.

Preferably, the core component and the sheath component have a hot water shrinkage ratio or a dry heat shrinkage ratio of the core component> sheath component. A good texture and a favorable feel can be developed. Regarding the difference in shrinkage, the composite yarn is treated in hot water shrinkage at 80-100 ° C in hot water for 30 seconds, and in dry heat shrinkage in 150 ° C gas for 30 seconds. The ratio is preferably 2% or more, particularly preferably 4% or more, from the viewpoint of the effect of the present invention.

Further, preferably, the hot water shrinkage or the dry heat shrinkage of a single yarn of the ultrafine polyamide fiber and the ultrafine polyester fiber in the sheath component is an ultrafine polyamide fiber> an ultrafine polyester fiber, When the difference in shrinkage is preferably 2% or more, particularly preferably 4%, in addition to a yarn in which different components are uniformly mixed, the fiber can exhibit more swelling in the sheath component. The effect of the present invention can be enhanced.

Further, in the present invention, it is preferable that the sheath component has crimp. In addition to the swelling of the fiber due to the difference in shrinkage of the sheath component, each single fiber has a crimp, so that adjacent single fibers have a structure that is difficult to stick to each other. And a bulky composite yarn, which can provide a soft and pleasant feeling, which is a characteristic of ultrafine fibers. For such crimping, a processed yarn (textiled yarn) such as indentation, false twisting, or shaping, a so-called conventionally known crimping process can be used, and there is no particular limitation. The crimping process of the present invention is also possible in the form of a conjugate fiber composed of multiple components. Usually, after applying crimping to the conjugate fiber, when various ultrafine fiber generating treatments are performed, the crimp has disappeared at the same time, but the conjugate yarn of the present invention has a sheath component around a core component. One of the features of the present invention is that the core component acts as a support rod because of the surrounding structure, and the effectiveness of the sheath component can be maintained without losing the crimp of the sheath component.

Such ultrafine fibers can be obtained by a conventionally known method such as a superdraw spinning method, a flash spinning method, a jet spinning method, a petal-shaped cross-section fiber spinning method, a polymer-interlaced fiber dissolving method, and a polymer blend fiber dissolving method. Is not particularly limited. Further, it can be obtained from a conjugate fiber containing a core component and a sheath component in the fiber. In this case, the core component and the sheath component can be obtained simultaneously.

FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 show examples in which the typical high molecular array fibers are used.
2 'is one component of the sheath. No. 3 is removed in the ultrafine fiber treatment.

The number of single fibers constituting the sheath component is preferably at least 50 or more, more preferably 100 or more, and particularly preferably 200 or more in the yarn unit constituting the fabric. In this yarn unit, it is preferable that the ultrafine polyamide fiber and the ultrafine polyester fiber are substantially uniformly mixed.

According to this configuration, the composite yarn of the present invention can sufficiently exhibit the characteristics of the ultrafine fiber, and the fabric using the composite yarn of the present invention for at least part or all of the yarn is flexible, taut, and stiff, and is preferable. It can have feel, high color development, and high mechanical performance.

In particular, in the present invention, (1) a large number of ultrafine polyamide fibers and ultrafine polyester fibers having a core component of 0.3 to 10 denier single yarn and a sheath component of 0.3 denier or less single yarn are used. (2) The hot water shrinkage ratio or dry heat shrinkage ratio of the core component and the sheath component is a core component> sheath component. (3) The ratio of hot water shrinkage or dry heat shrinkage of a single yarn of ultrafine polyamide fiber and ultrafine polyester fiber in the sheath component is polyamide fiber> polyester fiber, and the difference is 2% or more. (4) It is a preferable configuration to simultaneously satisfy the four requirements that the sheath component fiber has crimp, since the effects of the present invention can be most remarkably exhibited.

Further, it should be particularly noted that the present invention can exhibit favorable water repellency by imparting a water repellent to the cloth. This is because, in the sheath component, a large number of ultrafine polyamide fibers and ultrafine polyester fibers are uniformly mixed and have a bulge. (1) The fabric surface is treated with a water repellent having a small surface tension. In addition, (2) a so-called multi-micro arch in which the fibers on the surface of the fabric are formed from a large number of ultra-fine fibers having expanded bulges, and the surface is arranged to have a substantially acute angle and a large surface area. The present inventors presume that the structure is to support water droplets.

The water repellent is not particularly limited as long as it has a low interfacial tension with respect to water and a hydrophobic treating agent, and conventionally known fluorine-based and silicon-based ones are preferably used. In particular, a fluoropolymer having a perfluoroalkyl group in the side chain is particularly preferable because it has an oil-repellent effect in addition to a water-repellent effect. For example, polymers and copolymers of the following monomers can be used.

[0025]

Embedded image The method for producing the composite yarn of the present invention is not particularly limited, as conventionally known production methods such as a core-sheath type composite yarn, a core yarn, and a covering yarn, such as a hydroentanglement method, an air entanglement method, and a twisting method, can be directly employed. Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the composite fiber of the present invention can be obtained by including a core component and a sheath component in a composite fiber and subjecting the composite fiber to division or dissolution treatment.

As the fabric of the present invention, a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, a nonwoven fabric, or a composite thereof is used. of course,
The structure of a woven or knitted fabric is not limited. The fabric of the present invention can be preferably used for rainwear, windbreakers, various sportswear, umbrellas, coats, men's clothing, women's clothing, work clothes, canvas, tents, swimwear, sailcloths, spinnakers, airbags, and the like.

[0027]

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples.

Example 1 Nylon 6 as core component, 3 filaments of 0.6 denier single fiber, sea as sheath component 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate, island as nylon 6 (34 islands) / polyethylene terephthalate ( 3
6 islands), and two kinds of islands are substantially uniformly dispersed in a polymer interconnected array fiber (sea / island = 20/80)
Using a 50 denier (10 filament) yarn, a core yarn and a sheath yarn are separately supplied to a spinning machine, twisted and spun while over-feeding the sheath component, and the sheath component is wound around the core component. Was produced. This composite yarn had a dry heat shrinkage of 17.8% for the core component and 14.1% for the sheath component in the treatment at 150 ° C. for 30 seconds.

The composite yarn was used as a warp yarn and a weft yarn to fabricate a plain woven fabric. Then, caustic soda 1.2
% Bath at 95 ° C. for 45 minutes to remove the sea component of the sea-island composite fiber. Then, drying at 100 ° C. for 5 minutes,
After heat treatment at 80 ° C. × 1 minute, using a disperse dye, 115 ° C.
Stained for 45 minutes. At this time, the island fineness of the sheath component was 0.06 denier.

The obtained dyed fabric was good in tension and waist, and was excellent in bulkiness, flexibility and feel. Further, the tear strength according to the Elmendorf method was 1.2 kg in both the vertical and horizontal directions, and had a preferable strength.

Further, the above-mentioned dyed fabric is subjected to a immersion and nip treatment using a processing agent mainly containing a fluorine-based water / oil repellent (Asahigard AG-710 manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.), followed by a treatment at 100 ° C. After drying for 5 minutes, heat treatment was performed at 180 ° C. for 1 minute. When the water repellency of the treated fabric was examined by a method in which water was sprayed vigorously, water repellency was excellent, and almost no water droplets remained on the fabric.

Example 2 Nylon 6 as the core component, one filament of 2.0 denier single fiber, the sheath component was 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate, and the island was nylon 6 (16 islands) / polyethylene terephthalate ( 1
6 islands), and two kinds of islands are substantially uniformly dispersed in a polymer interconnected array fiber (sea / island = 20/80)
Using a 60 denier (10 filament) yarn, a core yarn and a sheath yarn are separately supplied to a spinning machine, twisted and spun while the sheath component is over-fed, and the sheath component is wound around the core component. Was produced. The composite yarn had a dry heat shrinkage of 18.4% for the core component and 13.1% for the sheath component in the treatment at 150 ° C. for 30 seconds.

A plain woven fabric was woven using the composite yarn as a warp yarn and a weft yarn. Then, caustic soda 1.2
% Bath at 95 ° C. for 45 minutes to remove the sea component of the sea-island composite fiber. Then, drying at 100 ° C. for 5 minutes,
After heat treatment at 80 ° C for 1 minute, using an acid dye, 100 ° C
Stained for 45 minutes. At this time, the island fineness in the sheath component was 0.15 denier.

The obtained dyed fabric was good in both tension and waist, and was excellent in bulkiness, flexibility and feel. Further, the tear strength by the Elmendorf method was 1.4 kg in both the vertical and horizontal directions, and had a preferable strength.

Further, the above-mentioned dyed fabric is subjected to a coating treatment by dipping and nip using a processing agent containing a fluorine-based water / oil repellent (Asahigard AG-710 manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.) as a main component. After drying for 5 minutes, heat treatment was performed at 180 ° C. for 1 minute. When the water repellency of the treated cloth was examined by a method of spraying water vigorously, the repellency of the water was excellent, and almost no water droplets remained on the cloth.

Example 3 As a core component, 3 filaments of nylon 6 and single fiber 0.6 denier, and 20 filaments of 8-density conjugate fiber 2 denier in which a sheath component, nylon 6 and polyethylene terephthalate are alternately arranged in a ring shape. The core yarn and the sheath yarn were separately supplied to a spinning machine, twisted and spun while the sheath component was overfeed, and a composite yarn having a structure in which the sheath component was wound around the core component was produced. This composite yarn has 150
The dry heat shrinkage after treatment at 30 ° C. × 30 seconds is 18.1 for the core component.
% And a sheath component of 14.0%. Further, after the splitting treatment was performed only with the sheath component fiber, the same dry heat shrinkage was measured for each of the nylon 6 single fiber and the polyethylene terephthalate single fiber.
The number of polyethylene terephthalate single fibers was 13,2.

The composite yarn was used for the warp yarn and the weft yarn of a woven fabric to fabricate a plain woven fabric. Next, after immersion in a benzyl alcohol bath, drying at 100 ° C. × 5 minutes, 180 ° C.
× 1 minute heat treatment, 115 ° C. × 45
Staining. The island fineness of the sheath component at this time was 0.3
It was 8 denier.

The obtained dyed fabric was good in both tension and waist, and was excellent in bulkiness, flexibility and feel. In addition, the tear strength by the Elmendorf type is 1.5
Both the Kg and the horizontal had a preferable strength of 1.3 kg.

Further, the above-mentioned dyed fabric is subjected to a coating treatment by dipping and nip using a processing agent containing a fluorine-based water / oil repellent (Asahigard AG-710 manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.) as a main component. After drying for 5 minutes, heat treatment was performed at 180 ° C. for 1 minute. When the water repellency of the treated fabric was examined by a method of spraying water vigorously, the repellency of the water was good, and although it was inferior to Examples 1 and 2, almost no water droplets remained on the fabric.

Comparative Example 1 In both the warp yarn and the weft yarn, the polymer mutual array fiber (polyethylene terephthalate in islands and polyethylene terephthalate copolymerized with 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid in the sea) (70 islands, 10 filaments, denier) : 5
0, sea / island = 20/80) to weave a plain weave fabric. The woven fabric is treated with 0.1% maleic acid at 120 ° C.
× 30 minutes after treatment, 1% in a sodium hydroxide 0.8% bath
The polymer was treated at 00 ° C. for 30 minutes to remove the sea component of the high molecular array fiber, dried at 100 ° C. for 5 minutes, and heat-treated at 180 ° C. for 1 minute. Next, the resultant was dyed at 130 ° C. for 45 minutes using a disperse dye. The fineness of the island at this time was 0.06 denier.

What was obtained was that the single yarns were bundled to give a paper-like feel, and the bulkiness and flexibility were poor, and the feel was not favorable. The tear strength according to the Elmendorf method was as low as 0.5 kg. In addition, when the same spray test was performed on the same water- and water-repellent agent treatment as in Example 1, water droplets remained on the fabric surface, and the water repellency was clearly inferior to Example 1. Met.

Comparative Example 2 Polyethylene terephthalate as a core component, single fiber
1 filament of 2 denier, polyethylene terephthalate as island component as sheath component (number of islands: 70, number of filaments:
10, denier: 50), and a polymer inter-arrayed fiber in which the sea was composed of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid-copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate was applied to a spinning machine in the same manner as in Example 1 to produce a composite yarn. A plain weave fabric was woven using the composite yarn as the warp yarn and the weft yarn.

The woven fabric was prepared by mixing maleic acid 0.1%, 12
After the treatment at 0 ° C. × 30 minutes, the mixture was treated at 100 ° C. for 30 minutes in a 0.8% sodium hydroxide bath to remove the sea component of the polymer mutual array fiber. Then, drying at 100 ° C. × 5 minutes, 18
0 ° C. × 1 minute heat treatment, using disperse dye, 130 ° C. × 45
Staining. Further, a water- and oil-repellent treatment was performed using the same fluorine-based treatment agent as in Example 1.

The resulting woven fabric had a paper-like feel due to the bundle of the single fibers of the sheath component, was inferior in bulkiness and flexibility, and had an unpleasant feel. Further, as a result of the above-mentioned spray test, water droplets remained on the surface of the fabric, and the water repellency was clearly inferior to that of Example 1. However, the tearing strength according to the Elmendorf method was as high as 1.2 kg.

[0045]

According to the present invention, the composite yarn having the above-mentioned structure has good tension, high stiffness, high bulk, a soft texture and feel, good color development, and also has favorable mechanical performance. A fabric can be provided.

In addition, the cloth treated with water repellency and oil repellency has excellent water and oil repellency.

The composite yarn and fabric of the present invention can be preferably used for rainwear, sportswear, umbrellas, coats, men's clothing, women's clothing, work clothes, canvas, tents, swimwear, spinnakers, yacht sailcloths, airbags, and the like. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional model diagram showing an example of a composite yarn of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional model diagram showing another example of the composite yarn of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional model diagram of a polymer array fiber constituting the composite yarn of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional model diagram showing another example of the polymer array fiber constituting the composite yarn of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: core component 2, 2 ': sheath component 3: removal component (sea component)

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. A mixed fiber in which a core component is composed of a polyamide fiber having a single yarn of 0.3 to 10 denier and a sheath component is uniformly mixed with a large number of ultrafine polyamide fibers having a denier of 0.4 denier or less and ultrafine polyester fibers. A composite yarn comprising a core-sheath structure comprising a core component and a sheath component disposed around the core component. 2. The core component and the sheath component have a ratio of core component> sheath component in hot water shrinkage or dry heat shrinkage, and the difference is 2%.
% Of the composite yarn. 3. The hot water shrinkage rate or dry heat shrinkage rate of a single yarn of the ultrafine polyamide fiber and the ultrafine polyester fiber in the sheath component is as follows: ultrafine polyamide fiber> ultrafine polyester fiber, and the difference is 2% or more. The composite yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: 4. The composite yarn according to claim 1, wherein the sheath component fiber has a crimp. 5. A mixed fiber in which a core component is composed of a polyamide fiber having a single yarn of 0.3 to 10 denier and a sheath component is uniformly mixed with a large number of ultrafine polyamide fibers having a single yarn of 0.4 denier or less and ultrafine polyester fibers. A fabric characterized in that a composite yarn comprising a core and having a core-sheath structure in which a sheath component is arranged around a core component is partially or entirely used. 6. The fabric according to claim 5, wherein the fabric is a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or a nonwoven fabric. 7. The fabric according to claim 5, wherein the fabric is provided with a fluorine-based water / oil repellent.