JP2993693B2 - Formwork method using ceramic extruded plate - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Industrial application field" The present invention is to form a construction by casting concrete on a formwork formed by using a rectangular plate material formed by extruding ceramic materials. The present invention relates to a formwork method using a ceramic extruded plate.

"Conventional technology" Conventionally, a formwork method of constructing a structure by casting concrete on site is performed as shown in FIG.

That is, reference numeral 1 in the figure denotes a formwork plywood that forms the outside of the structure, and usually water-resistant plywood is used. Outside the plywood 1 for formwork, two fluttering members 2 in the vertical direction for improving the planar accuracy of the formwork made of the plywood 1 for formwork are provided. In the vertical direction, the fluttering material 2 in the horizontal direction is disposed at a right angle to the fluttering material 2 in the vertical direction. A pressing member 3 for pressing the flutter material 2 in the horizontal direction is provided outside the fluttering material 2. Further, a tightening bolt 4 is provided to penetrate the pressing member 3 and the plywood 1 for formwork. One end of the tightening bolt 4 is screwed into a wooden cone 5 abutting on the inner surface of the outer formwork plywood 1, and a tightening nut 6 is screwed into the other end. 5, the outer plywood 1 for the formwork, the fluttering material 2 in the vertical direction and the fluttering material 2 in the horizontal direction are tightened.

One end of a separator 7 is screwed into the wooden cone 5, and a wooden cone 5 supporting the inner formwork plywood 1 is screwed into the other end. As in the case of the outer plywood 1 for the formwork, the flap 2 in the vertical direction, the flap 2 in the horizontal direction, the pressing member 3, the tightening bolt 4, and the tightening nut 6 are attached to the inner formwork plywood 1. The spacing between the inner and outer formwork plywood 1 is kept constant, and the plane accuracy of the formwork is increased.

Thus, the pressing member 3, the tightening bolt 4, the wooden cone 5,
After the formwork is formed by a foam tie including the tightening nut 6, the separator 7, and the like, concrete 8 is cast between the inner and outer formworks.

After the concrete 8 has solidified and has been cured, the formwork is removed. Next, the wooden cone 5 is removed from the separator 7. The hole formed by removing the wooden cone 5 is filled with cement mortar or the like, and a construction is made.

 The exterior of the structure is usually provided with an exterior.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the above-mentioned conventional formwork method, (a) a formwork is formed by carrying in a plywood for formwork, and after concrete is cast and cured, To remove and carry out storage, it takes time to remove and carry out, and requires a large space for storage.

(B) To keep the formwork during the curing period,
In the meantime, the outer finishing work cannot be performed, and the finishing work requires a lot of time, and the construction period becomes longer.

(C) If the building is close to the building, it is difficult to form the formwork using vertical flaps, horizontal flaps, foam ties, etc., which may result in rough work and water leakage. easy. In addition, after removing the formwork, it is necessary to perform exterior covering on a wide surface facing a nearby building at a place with a small interval, so that exterior construction becomes difficult.

The present inventors have conducted various studies in order to solve the above problems, and as a result, a plate material made by extrusion molding of a ceramic material can be freely selected in length and cross-sectional shape. Since a lightweight hollow plate having many through holes parallel in the length direction can be easily obtained and has excellent appearance, durability, fire resistance, and water tightness, it should be used for a formwork. Thought.

The present invention has been made on the basis of the above-described concept, and it is possible to reduce the number of mold-forming materials that need to be removed, carried out or stored, and to greatly reduce the labor and time required mainly for exterior work. The purpose is to provide a framing method.

"Means for solving the problem" In order to achieve the above object, the formwork method using a ceramic-based extruded plate of the present invention is a method of arranging a plurality of extruded ceramic-based rectangular plates to form a concrete structure outside and /
Alternatively, in the construction of the formwork forming the inner side, a support fitting for supporting the joint by contacting the end of the rectangular plate and the end of the joint where the ends of the plate adjacent to the plate in the width direction thereof are opposed to each other Are arranged, and the ends of the plate material are directly and / or indirectly fitted to each other, and the support fitting is tightly connected to the separator to construct a formwork.

"Action" Since the formwork method using the ceramic-based extruded plate material of the present invention has the above-described configuration, if the extruded plate material is used for the formwork that forms the inner and outer surfaces of the building, the formwork itself has excellent appearance. Since this is an exterior material, this plate material can be left as a part of the building frame when removing the formwork.

In the case of the formwork made of the plate material, since the support frame is arranged at the joint of the plate material and the formwork is assembled, the surface of the plate material is not damaged, and almost no exterior work is required.

Also, if the above-mentioned extruded plate material is used on the inside and outside forming the formwork, it is necessary to remove and collect only the mounting member assembled with the formwork, but since all the plate materials can remain as the building body, the mold The labor for frame removal work is significantly reduced, and the process is shortened.

"Embodiment" FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention.
Are rectangular plate members (hereinafter referred to as plate members) formed by extruding adjacent ceramic materials. Reference numeral 9 denotes a hollow hole of a hollow molded plate formed by extrusion of a ceramic material.

The joint of the plate material 10 is a spigot joint 11. The male part 12 of this spigot joint 11 has one edge near the edge,
A male grip portion 14 is bent along the male nut 12, and a portion near the other end extends toward the inside of the plate member 10 and is bent upward to attach the separator 7 to the separator mounting portion 15. The holding part 14 of the supporting bracket 13 which is
Is installed. One end of the separator 7 is attached to an attachment portion 15 of the support bracket 13. A plate material is attached to the other end of the separator 7 in the same manner as the plate material 10, or a plywood for an inner mold (both not shown) is attached in a manner similar to the conventional method. Concrete 8 is cast between these forms. After solidification and curing, if the inner mold is plywood, remove it. The plate 10 remains as a part of the frame, and most of the metal fittings and the separator are embedded in the concrete 8.

Next, when the backup material 17 and the joint material 18 are attached to the joint 16, the outer surface of the structure is almost finished with a good appearance.

FIG. 2 shows a case in which a support fitting 13 is used along the inner surface of the mold of the male member 12 instead of gripping the male member, and the same portions as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals. .

Note that, in each embodiment, the embodiment described before that,
Alternatively, the same parts as those of the conventional example are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. When a ceramic extrusion plate is used as the inner mold, the method is the same as that for the outer mold, and when plywood is used, the method is the same as the conventional method.

 FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.

In this case, the joining portion is the actual joining portion 11, and a supporting bracket 13 including a grip portion 14 and a mounting portion 15 similar to the spigot joining portion 11 is used. A protruding portion 19 that comes into contact is provided. This protrusion
With 19, the planar accuracy of the plate material 10 can be easily increased.

FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. This male 12 has male 12
A support bracket 13 bent along is mounted. A separator 7 is provided on the inner surface of the plate 10 of the support fitting 13.
There is provided a mounting portion 15 for directly mounting the front end of the device. Unlike the mounting portions 15 of the first and second embodiments, it is difficult to adjust the interval between the inner and outer molds. Therefore, the separator 7 is provided with a turnbuckle 20 so as to be expandable and contractible. I can do it.

FIG. 5 shows the fourth embodiment of the present invention. A flat support metal fitting 22 is fitted into the real toy recess 21. The distal end of the separator 7 is attached to the flat support 22. In the figure, as a method of attaching the tip of the separator 7, the tip is enlarged and attached to the flat support member 22, but other methods such as screwing may be used. In addition, the plywood 1 is used as the inner mold, and the interval between the inner and outer molds is adjusted by adjusting the position of the wooden cone 5. However, when the inner and outer molds are both ceramic-based boards, When it is difficult to adjust the distance between the inner and outer forms, the turnbuckle 20 can be attached to the separator 7 as shown in FIG.

In this case, after casting concrete and solidifying,
The backup material 17 and the joint material 18 can be immediately filled.

FIG. 6 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention. At one base of the set 23, a toy real concave portion 21 is machined and formed, and a part of a plate-shaped support fitting 22 is fitted. The other part of the support fitting 22 is clamped on a plane parallel to the plane of the plate material 10 of the closing member 23. The distal end of the separator 7 is attached to the flat-plate-like support 22 in the same manner as in the fourth embodiment.

It is the same as Example 4 that the joint construction can be performed immediately after the concrete is solidified.

FIG. 7 shows a sixth embodiment of the present invention, in which a joining portion of a plate material 10 is a spigot joining portion 11. A grip 14 for gripping the male nut 12 is provided. A reinforcing nut 24 for pressing the outer surface of the plate material 10 is attached to the outer surface of the grip portion 14, and a screw-in portion for screwing the tip of a tightening bolt 4 for fixing and pressing the grip portion 14 to the plate material surface. Has 25. The tip of the separator 7 is attached to the inside of the grip 14.

In this method, the fastening bolt 4 is screwed into the threaded portion 25, and the surface of the plate 10 is pressed by the reinforcing nut 24, so that the plate 10 is held flat,
Mounting of the flap material 2 in the horizontal direction is facilitated.

FIG. 8 shows a seventh embodiment of the present invention, in which joints of the plate members 10 are provided with opposed Yato real concave portions 21 respectively. A flat supporting metal member 22 made of a plate material is fitted into the actual toy concave portion 21. A tightening bolt 4 is screwed into the flat support metal fitting 22 from the outside to the inside, and the inner end is connected to the separator 7 via a turnbuckle 20. Further, a plate-like reinforcing nut 24 is attached to the outside of the plate-like support bracket 22 of the tightening bolt 4.

The fastening bolts 4 are used to fix the plate 10 with good planar accuracy in the same manner as in the conventional method, such as the vertical flap 2 and the horizontal flap 2.

In this case, after adjusting the interval between the molds by screwing the tightening bolt 4 to the support fitting 22 and rotating the turn buckle 20, the reinforcing nut 24 comes into contact with the plate surface and is tightened. Attachment of the direction fluttering material 2 etc. becomes easy.

After the concrete is cast and cured, the nuts are removed, and the fluttering material 2 in the vertical direction and the fluttering material 2 in the horizontal direction are removed. As shown in FIG. 9, the plate material 10 remains as a part of the frame, By filling the joints with the back-up material 17 and the joint material 18, it is possible to obtain a construction in which an exterior material having an excellent appearance is attached. At this time, since the turnbuckle 20 is provided at a position near the plate member 10, the tightening bolt 4 can be easily removed.

FIG. 10 shows an eighth embodiment of the present invention, in which the joining portion of the plate material 10 is a spigot or a real joint, and a through hole 26 perpendicular to the surface of the plate material 10 is formed in the base of the male member 12; A connecting member 27 having a female thread is arranged inside the through-hole 26, and a distal end of the separator 7 is screw-connected to the connecting member 27, and a plate for fixing the plate member from the other side to the outside of the form surface of the plate material. A plate-like support fitting 22 that abuts against the surface to keep the surface of the plate material 10 the same
Are screwed together with the fastening bolts 4 attached thereto. On the outside of the plate material of the fastening bolt 4, a vertical flap material, a horizontal flap material, a pressing member, and the like are attached. in this case,
The plate member 10 is held with good flatness by the connecting member 27 and the flat support member 22, and the formwork is firmly held by the vertical flap material, the horizontal flap material, and the like (not shown).

To remove it, remove the vertical direction flap material and the horizontal direction flap material, and turn the tightening bolt 4 to easily remove the flat support metal 22 and the tightening bolt 4 and fill the joints. Becomes

In addition, if the dovetail groove 28 which can be easily formed in the extrusion molding on the inner surface of the plate material forming the formwork is formed as shown in FIG. 11, the bonding strength between the concrete and the plate material is extremely high. It becomes stronger and the plate material does not fall off. In FIG. 10, reference numeral 29 denotes a sealing material, which is usually made of rock wool or a foamed resin, and can be used as appropriate in other embodiments.

In the above-described embodiment, in the case of a rectangular plate having a joining portion made of a toy, the fitting is indirectly joined to the toy with a connecting member interposed therebetween. It may be a member.

"Effects of the Invention" As described above, the method of the present invention uses (a) an extruded plate made of a ceramic material, so that the plate can be obtained at low cost. Further, if a hollow molded article is used, the weight of the plate material is reduced, which is structurally advantageous.

(B) The cross-sectional shape and length of the extruded plate material can be freely selected, and the selection range of the plate material shape is wide.

(C) Since the above-mentioned plate material is used as a mold for forming the inner and outer surfaces of the structure, the outer material is excellent in fire resistance, water resistance and durability and has an excellent appearance, and covers the structure. After removal, the time and effort for exterior work is greatly reduced. In particular, when constructing a structure close to other structures, it is not necessary to perform difficult exterior work in a narrow place.

(D) Since the formation of the formwork is performed by the support fitting attached to the plate material joint, if the members for forming the formwork are removed, the outer surface is not damaged, and only the plate material having excellent appearance is not damaged. Since it remains as a part of the skeleton, the exterior work is almost completed only by sealing the joint between the plate materials.

(E) Among the formwork materials to be carried in, at least the outer frame remains as a part of the building frame, which has the advantage of greatly reducing the amount of materials to be removed, carried out, and stored. The impact on the construction industry, civil engineering industry, etc. will be extremely large in the future.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIGS. 1 and 2 are views of a plate material joining portion showing a first embodiment of the method of the present invention, and FIGS. 3 to 8 are plate materials showing second to seventh embodiments of the method of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a view of the joint portion, FIG. 9 is a view of the joint of the seventh embodiment (FIG. 8) with the metal fittings removed, and FIG. 10 is a view of a plate material joint showing the eighth embodiment of the method of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a view of a plate material provided with a dovetail groove, and FIG. 12 is an explanatory view of a conventional formwork method.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Plywood for formwork 2 ... Butter material 3 ... Pressing member 4 ... Tightening bolt 5 ... Wood cone 6 ... Tightening nut 7 ... Separator 8 ... Concrete 9 ... Hole hole 10 ... Plate material 11: Joint (inlay) joint 12: Male 13: Support bracket 14: Grip 15: Mounting part 16: Joint 17: Backup material 18: Joint material 19: Projecting part 20: Turnbuckle 21: Real toy recess 22: Flat support bracket (real toy) 23: Phase joint 24: Reinforcement nut 25: Screw-in part 26: Through hole 27: Connection Member 28 Dovetail 29 Sealing material

Claims (10)

(57) [Claims] In the construction of a formwork for forming an outside and / or inside of a concrete structure by arranging a plurality of rectangular plates of an extruded ceramic material, the rectangular plate and a plate adjacent to the plate in the width direction thereof are formed. A support fitting for supporting the joint by contacting the end of the plate at the joint with the ends facing each other is disposed, and the end of the plate is fitted directly and / or indirectly to support the joint. A formwork method using a ceramic extruded plate, characterized in that a formwork is constructed by binding metal fittings to a separator. 2. A mold made of a ceramic extruded plate material according to claim 1, wherein said joint portion is a real or spigot joint portion, and a supporting bracket having a grip portion for gripping a male tip and a mounting portion for attaching a separator is used. Frame method. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the supporting metal fittings are provided with protrusions which come into contact with the inner surfaces of the molds of the adjacent rectangular plate materials. 4. A method according to claim 2, wherein said mounting portion for mounting said separator has a screw for fastening said separator. 5. A gripping portion for screwing a tightening bolt for fixing the rectangular plate material with a tightening nut from the outside of the mold via a flap material is provided on an outer surface of the gripping portion. 5. The formwork method using a ceramic extruded plate according to any one of the above items 4 to 4. 6. The joint part is a real toy joint, and a real toy recess is formed at both ends of the plate material opposed to the joint part. The formwork method according to claim 1, wherein the end portions of the plate material are indirectly fitted to each other at a joint portion. 7. A flat plate-like support fitting provided with a screw hole for screwing said tightening bolt, and a pressing member for pressing said rectangular plate material from outside the mold with a tightening nut, through a flutter material. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein an end of the adjacent plate material is fixed, and a separator is fastened to the inside of the form of the fastening bolt. 8. A joint according to claim 1, wherein said joint is a joint of phase.
2. A ceramic system according to claim 1, wherein one of the ends of the plate is formed with a real concave portion, and a part of a flat supporting metal fitting is fitted into the concave portion, and the other part of the metal fitting is interposed between the opposite ends of the plate. Formwork method using extruded plate material. 9. The joint portion is a real or spigot joint portion, and comes into contact with the outer surface of the adjacent rectangular plate material which is connected and screwed via a male screw with a tightening bolt that is fastened to the separator. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the facing metal members are fixed to each other by the supporting metal fittings and the connecting member abutting on the inner surface of the mold. 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein said connecting member has a function of a turnbuckle for connecting to a separator.