JP2988509B2 - breakwater - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a breakwater which is arranged to face waves.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a breakwater such as a harbor, as shown in FIG.
Is formed. The water-permeable hole 1 is formed by a plurality of pipes 3 arranged so as to penetrate in the wave propagation direction (a direction) in the embankment body 2. The road cross-section has been reduced. Then, the flow path of the water-permeable hole 1 is expanded and contracted by the narrowed portion 4, the waves 5 are eliminated, and the bay inner water area 6 through the water-permeable hole 1.
Seawater flows into the bay, an exchange occurs between the bay outer water area 7 and the closed bay inner water area 6, and pollution in the bay inner water area 6 is prevented. In FIG. 11, reference numeral 9 denotes a base stand, HWL denotes a water level at high tide, LWL denotes a water level at low tide, and the water-permeable holes 1 are arranged in a plurality of rows at appropriate height intervals.

[0003]

By the way, in this type of breakwater, about 5 to 12 m generated when a typhoon or the like occurs.
When the high waves 5a of the shore rush from the bay outside water body 7 side,
Water mass also flows into the bay inner water area 6 from the water permeation hole 1 at the upper end of the breakwater located at a position much higher than the water surface, so that the calmness in the bay inner water area 6 is deteriorated or the bay is moored to the bay inner water area 6. There is a problem that water flows into the existing ship 8.

[0004] The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and has a wave-dissipating function and a water-permeability function. It is an object of the present invention to provide a breakwater where water does not flow into a ship moored in a water area.

[0005]

In order to solve the above problem, a first means of the present invention is to reduce the water level at low tide from the water level at high tide.
A plurality of water-permeable holes are formed along the direction of wave propagation at a height corresponding to the range of the position, and at least a portion above the plurality of water-permeable holes is provided so that water does not pass therethrough. And a low-reflection opaque portion that attenuates waves from the water outside the bay to reduce the reflection of waves.

[0006] A second means of the present invention is that water at low tide is provided.
A plurality of water-permeable holes through which water passes are formed along the direction of wave propagation at a height corresponding to the range of the water level at the time of high tide from the water level, and at least a portion above the plurality of water-permeable holes is provided. An upright type wave-dissipating block is provided, which does not allow water to pass through and attenuates waves from the water area outside the bay to reduce the reflection of waves.

[0007]

According to the first means, the water level at low tide can be changed to high tide.
Since the water- permeable hole is formed at a height corresponding to the range of the water level at the time, waves of a general height flow into the bay inner water area while being wave-damped, thereby preventing pollution in the bay inner water area. on the other hand,
When the high waves rush from the outer water area of the bay, the high waves are attenuated and eliminated by the low-reflection opaque portion provided at least above the water-permeable holes, and water is discharged to the inner water area of the bay. Inflow from a high position is prevented.

[0008] In addition, the above-mentioned second means makes it possible to use water at low tide.
Since the water- permeable holes are formed at a height corresponding to the range of the water level at the time of the high tide to the high tide , waves of a general height flow into the bay inner water area while being wave-eliminated, thereby preventing pollution in the bay inner water area. On the other hand, when the high waves rush from the outer water area of the bay, the high waves are attenuated and eliminated by the upright type wave-dissipating block provided at least above the water-permeable holes, and Prevents water from flowing in from a high position.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The components having the same functions as those of the related art are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, reference numeral 20 denotes a breakwater which is arranged to face the wave 5 and has a height corresponding to a difference in tide level at ebb, ie, a water level LWL at low tide to a water level HWL at high tide. The plurality of water permeable holes 1 are located only in the range
And a portion above these water-permeable holes 1 is impervious to water and attenuates the waves 5 from the bay outer water area 7 to reduce the reflection of the waves 5. The transmission part 21 is formed.

Here, the water permeable hole 1 is formed by arranging a pipe 3 at a height corresponding to a difference in tide level at the time of ebb at a frame-shaped base 22 forming a lower portion of the breakwater 20. Is formed with a constricted portion 4 to narrow the flow path cross-sectional area.
Reference numeral 22a denotes a partition of the base 22, which supports the center of the tube 3.

The low-reflection opaque portion 21 extends upward from an intermediate portion on the upper surface of the base 22 between the outside of the bay and the inside of the bay, and has a bank 23 that does not allow the waves 5 to pass through. It is composed of a plurality of wave-dissipating blocks 24 made of tetrapod (trademark) and the like having four legs, which are arranged to be inclined over a location near the bay outside on the upper surface and a bank portion 23 facing this location.

In the above configuration, the waves 5 having a normal height from the water area 7 outside the bay flow into the water-permeable holes 1 provided at a height corresponding to the tide level at the time of ebb and flow, and are provided in the water-permeable holes 1. The wave is expanded and contracted by the constricted portion 4 and is effectively eliminated. Also,
The wave motion is converted into a flow motion in the constricted portion 4 of the water permeation hole 1, and the resulting water flow flows through the water permeation hole 1 without flowing back into the bay inner water area 6, and as a result, the bay outer water area Interaction occurs between the bay area 7 and the closed bay inner water area 6, and pollution in the bay inner water area 6 is prevented well.

Further, about 5 to 12 generated in a typhoon or the like.
When the high wave 5a of m rushes from the bay outside water area 7 side, the high wave 5a hits the wave-dissipating block 24, and is prevented from flowing into the bay inside water area 6 at the bank 23. Since the low-reflection opaque portion 21 is provided in this manner, even when the high waves 5a rush, the bay inner water area 6 can be used.
And the water does not flow into the boat 8 moored in the bay inner water area 6.

Further, since the tube 3 having the constricted portion 4 is provided only at a height corresponding to the difference in tide level at the time of ebb and flow, the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Next, FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 show a breakwater 30 showing another embodiment of the present invention, and those having the same functions as those in FIG. 1 and FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the breakwater 30 disposed opposite the waves 5 also has a height corresponding to the difference in tide level at ebb, that is, from the water level LWL at low tide to high tide. A plurality of water permeable holes 1 are formed only in the range of the water level HWL along the wave propagation direction a. Above the base 22 in which the pipe 3 forming the water permeable hole 1 is buried, a bank 23 that does not transmit the waves 5 is formed. On the other hand, the plurality of wave-dissipating blocks 24 are provided in the entire area in the height direction of the outer portion of the bay,
That is, it is arranged from the upper end outside the bay of the bank 23 to the outside of the bay of the base 22 and the outside of the bay of the base base 9. Therefore, the low-reflection opaque portions 31 and 32 that do not allow water to pass through and attenuate the waves 5 from the bay outer water area 7 to reduce the reflection of the waves 5 are provided not only above the water-permeable hole 1 but also below the water-permeable hole 1. Is formed.

In this configuration, the waves 5 having a normal height flow into the water-permeable hole 1 through the wave-dissipating block 24,
The wave is expanded and contracted by the constricted portion 4 provided at the, and is effectively eliminated. In addition, the water flow generated by converting the wave motion into the flow motion in the constricted portion 4 flows into the bay inner water area 6 without flowing back through the water permeable hole 1, and as a result, the bay outer water area 7 and the closed bay water area are closed. Interaction occurs with the inner water area 6, and pollution in the bay inner water area 6 is well prevented.

When the high waves 5a rush from the water area 7 outside the bay, the high waves 5a impinge on the wave-dissipating blocks 24 provided on the entire surface outside the bay, and are more effectively wave-damped. Inflow into the bay inner water area 6 is prevented. As described above, since the low-reflection opaque portion 21 is provided, even when the high waves 5a rush, the degree of calmness in the bay inner water area 6 is deteriorated, or the inside of the boat 8 moored in the bay inner water area 6 is reduced. There is no inflow of water.

Further, since the tube 3 having the constricted portion 4 is provided only at a height corresponding to the difference in tide level at the time of ebb and flow, the manufacturing cost can be reduced. FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In a breakwater 40 according to this embodiment, a water-permeation hole block 41 provided with a pipe 3 forming a water-permeation hole 1 is provided at appropriate horizontal intervals. It is arranged in. The wave-dissipating block 24 is disposed between the water-permeable hole blocks 41.

According to this configuration, the same operation and effect as in the above embodiment can be obtained, and the number of tubes 3 having the constricted portion 4 can be further reduced, so that the manufacturing cost can be further reduced. .

FIGS. 6 and 7 show another embodiment of the present invention. In this breakwater 50, a low-reflection opaque portion 52 extends upward from an intermediate portion between the outside of the bay and the inside of the bay on the upper surface of the base 22, and a ridge 23 that does not transmit the waves 5, The upright type wave-dissipating blocks 51 are disposed outside the bay than the 23, and these upright-type wave-dissipating blocks 51 are disposed on the base 22 in two vertical stages.

As shown in FIG. 8, the upright type wave-dissipating block 51 is provided with a plurality of inclined surfaces, the cross-sectional area of the passage is narrowed at the outer portion 51a of the bay, and the back 5
1b, the cross-sectional area of the passage is enlarged, and the waves entering the wave-eliminating block 51 are expanded and contracted so that the waves are eliminated. Further, the rear end of the wave-dissipating block 51 is closed, and the invading water does not pass through.

In the above configuration, the waves 5 having a normal height from the bay outer water area 7 flow into the water-permeable holes 1 provided at a height corresponding to the tide level at the time of ebb and flow, and are provided in the water-permeable holes 1. The wave is expanded and contracted by the constricted portion 4 and is effectively eliminated. Also,
The wave motion is converted into a flow motion in the constricted portion 4 of the water permeation hole 1, and the resulting water flow flows through the water permeation hole 1 without flowing back into the bay inner water area 6, and as a result, the bay outer water area Interaction occurs between the bay area 7 and the closed bay inner water area 6, and pollution in the bay inner water area 6 is prevented well.

Further, about 5 to 12 generated in the event of a typhoon or the like.
When the high wave 5a of m rushes from the bay outer water area 7 side, the high wave 5a hits the wave-eliminating block 51 of the low reflection non-transmissive portion 52, and is prevented from flowing into the bay inner water area 6. As described above, since the wave-dissipating block 51 is provided, even when the high waves 5a rush, the degree of tranquility in the bay inner water area 6 is deteriorated, and water is contained in the boat 8 moored in the bay inner water area 6. It does not flow in.

Further, since the tube 3 having the constricted portion 4 is provided only at a height corresponding to the difference in tide level at the time of ebb and flow, the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Furthermore, since the wave-eliminating block 51 is of an upright type,
It requires less installation space than the case where Tetrapod (trademark) is directly stacked.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show another embodiment of the present invention. In a breakwater 60 according to this embodiment, a water hole block 61 provided with a pipe 3 forming a water hole 1 is provided. Are disposed at appropriate intervals in the lateral direction, and upright type wave-dissipating blocks 51 are also disposed at locations between the water-permeable hole blocks 61.

According to this configuration, the same operation and effect as in the above embodiment can be obtained, and the number of tubes 3 having the constricted portion 4 can be further reduced, so that the manufacturing cost can be further reduced. .

[0028]

As described above, according to the present invention, when the tide is low,
By forming a water-permeable hole at a height that matches the range of the water level from the water level at the time of high tide , waves of general height flow into the bay inner water area while being wave-eliminated, preventing pollution in the bay inner water area, Further, the number of water-permeable holes can be suppressed to a necessary minimum, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Also,
Since a low-reflection opaque part is formed at least above the plurality of water-permeable holes, which does not allow water to pass through and attenuates waves from the water outside the bay to reduce the reflection of waves, Even when rushing from the water area outside the bay, high waves are attenuated and eliminated by the low-reflection opaque portion, and water is prevented from flowing from the high position over the breakwater into the water area inside the bay. Worsening the degree,
Water will no longer flow into ships moored in the bay waters.

Further, by using an upright type wave-dissipating block, the number of installation locations can be reduced as compared with the case of a directly stacked type wave-dissipating block such as Tetrapod (trademark).

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a breakwater according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the breakwater viewed from the outside of the bay.

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of a breakwater according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the breakwater viewed from the outside of the bay.

FIG. 5 is a front view of a breakwater according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a side sectional view of a breakwater according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a front view of the breakwater as viewed from the outside of the bay.

FIG. 8 is a front view of an upright breakwater block of the breakwater.

FIG. 9 is a side sectional view of a breakwater according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a front view of the breakwater.

FIG. 11 is a side sectional view of a conventional breakwater.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Permeation hole 3 Pipe 4 Narrow part 5 Wave 5a High wave 6 Bay inner water area 7 Bay outer water area 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 Breakwater 21, 31, 32, 52 Low reflection non-transmissive part 22 Base 23 Breakwater 24 Blocks 41, 61 Water-permeable hole block 51 Upright type wave-dissipating block HWL Water level at high tide LWL Water level at low tide

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E02B 3/06

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] Claims: 1. A breakwater disposed opposite a wave, wherein a plurality of water-permeable holes are formed along the direction of wave propagation at a height corresponding to a range of the water level at low tide to the water level at high tide. A low-reflection opaque part that is formed and at least above the plurality of water-permeable holes is provided, which does not allow water to pass through and attenuates waves from the bay outside water area to reduce the reflection of waves. Breakwater characterized by being formed. 2. A breakwater which is arranged to face a wave and has a plurality of water-permeable holes through which water passes along a wave propagation direction at a height corresponding to a range of a water level at a low tide to a water level at a high tide. An upright type wave-dissipating block that is formed and at least above the plurality of water-permeable holes, does not allow water to pass through, and attenuates waves from the water outside the bay to reduce the reflection of waves. Breakwater characterized by having arranged.