JPH11229348A - Sea water exchange type breakwater - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve dead calmness in a port and workability by forming a parapet projected on the upper end part of the inside of a port and connecting a breakwater provided with a sea water inflow port at the top end face to the sea bottom to force sea water dashing against the top face to flow into the port. SOLUTION: When waves on the outside of a port dash against the top end face 2 of a sea water exchange type breakwater 1 using waves applied to an erect dike or a composite breakwater, counterlanding sea water is dammed by a parapet 14. At this time, sea water passing through the upper side of a passage inlet 15 is dropped from the inlet 15 into a passage 16 with a gradient to be guided to the inside of the port. The passage 16 is provided with a buffer material 18 to weaken the flowing force, and it is provided with a rubber film 19 to receive the remaining flowing force and prevent a backflow of refuse to the passage 16. The inside of the port is kept from being disturbed by the flowing force of sea water, and the sea water can be introduced from the outside of the port to the inside of the port efficiently. Thus, a breakwater which has a simple mechanism and is excellent in economical efficiency and workability can be obtained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a seawater exchange type breakwater,
In particular, it relates to a seawater exchange type breakwater using waves applied to an upright embankment or a mixed embankment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, when a port is constructed, the inside of the port and the outside of the port are cut off by a breakwater to prevent waves from entering, so that the inside of the port is a calm sea area. However, since the harbor surrounded by breakwaters is a closed sea area, deterioration of water quality caused by seawater retention has been a problem. For this reason, it has been proposed to prevent the deterioration of water quality by adding a device to the breakwater, and various types of seawater exchange type breakwaters have been practically used.

[0003] In order to improve the water quality of the entire port, it is advisable to send a large amount of seawater into the port from a place other than the port and raise the water level in the port to generate a movement of the seawater from the port to the outside of the port. However, when sending seawater into the port, it is important to take care not to disturb the calmness inside the port.
In addition, as a method of sending seawater into the port, a non-powered, simple shape, and simple mechanism is desirable from the viewpoint of economy and enforceability.

Conventionally, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, a water inlet 2 is provided between a dam body (caisson) 1 and a dam body 1 constituting a breakwater.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, as shown in FIG. 6, a water passage 2 is provided at a lower portion of the embankment body 1, and seawater exchange inside and outside the port is expected by the action of waves. In addition, 3 is a rubble foundation and 4 is a solidification block.

As shown in FIG. 7, slit-shaped openings 7 and 8 are provided in the front wall 5 outside the harbor and the rear wall 6 inside the harbor of the hollow embankment 1, respectively. The space is vertically divided by a horizontal partition 9, and a water play chamber 10 is formed at the upper part. This water play chamber 10 is divided into right and left by a vertical plate 11, and enters the water play chamber 10 through the opening 7 by the action of a wave. In some cases, seawater exceeding the plate 11 is sent into the port through the opening 8. In this example, the slit-shaped opening 8 of the rear wall 6 is positioned below the water surface, so that the seawater that enters the port by the action of waves enters below the water surface, not above the water surface, thereby deteriorating the calmness within the port. It was expected that seawater outside of the port would be sent to the port without causing the port to spill, and that the water quality of the entire port would be improved.

[0006]

However, in the conventional seawater exchange type breakwater provided with the water inlet 2 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, seawater exchange between the inside and outside of the port at a portion limited to the vicinity of the breakwater is expected. However, it does not contribute to the improvement of the water quality of the entire port, and the wave propagates in the water passage 2, which may deteriorate the calmness of the port. Further, the seawater exchange type breakwater having the slit-shaped openings 7 and 8 shown in FIG. 7 has a drawback in that it has a problem in economy and workability because the shape is extremely complicated.

The present invention has been made to eliminate the above disadvantages.

[0008]

The seawater exchange type breakwater according to the present invention comprises a plurality of dam bodies connected to each other, a parapet protruding from the inner end of the port at the top end face of each of the breakwater bodies, and It consists of a channel formed at the top of each embankment to communicate between the port outer portion of the embankment and the inner wall surface of the embankment. It is characterized in that it is sent to the port inside through a channel.

[0009] The invention is characterized in that a seawater flow buffer member is provided in the flow passage.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In the seawater exchange type breakwater of the present invention, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the top end surface 12 of the upper concrete of the embankment body 1 constituting the breakwater is made lower than a normal height so as to allow more seawater to go up outside the harbor, and the top end surface 12 is made smaller. A slope 13 is formed at the outer end of the port.

The increase in overtopping due to the lowering of the top end face is dealt with by adjusting the height of a parapet (chest wall) 14 formed inside the port of the top end face 12.

As shown in FIG. 1, a channel inlet 15 is opened outside the port of the top end surface 12 and the channel inlet 15 is opened in the rear wall 6 inside the port at a position above the water level inside the port. And communicate with the flow path 16.
In order to guide the seawater that has fallen from the channel inlet 15 of the top end surface 12 into the port, a gentle downward slope is formed. In the vicinity of the rear wall-side outlet 17 of the channel 16, the seawater passing through the channel 16 is provided. A buffer material 18 and a rubber film 19 formed by weaving, for example, a polypropylene fiber to reduce the flow force are provided.

Further, the top end surface 12 of the embankment 1 is gently inclined downward from the port inner side to the port outer side so that the seawater bounced off by the parapet 14 flows down to the channel inlet 15.

Since the seawater exchange type breakwater of the present invention has the above-described structure, the waves outside the harbor constitute the breakwater 1
When the seawater acts on the top surface 12 of the embankment 1, more seawater runs up on the top end surface 12, and the seawater that has run up is blocked by the parapet 14, and is inclined to the outside of the port by the inclination of the top end surface 12. As shown in FIG. 4, the seawater passing over the flow path inlet 15 out of the seawater going up and the returned seawater falls into the flow path 16 from the flow path inlet 15, Of seawater is guided to the port inside by the gradient, and the flow is weakened by the buffer material 18 near the exit 17,
Further, the rubber sheet 19 receives the flow force remaining without being absorbed by the buffer material 18 and flows into the port.

The rubber film 19 also functions as a coating film for preventing dust from being sucked into the flow channel 16 from the inside of the port and rushing of ships and the like.

[0017]

As described above, according to the seawater exchange type breakwater of the present invention, the waves on the outer side of the port act on the embankment body 1 and each time the seawater runs up on the top end surface 12, the seawater flows in the flow path. It falls into 16 and is sent into the port. In other words, seawater outside the port can be sent to the port without power by the power of each wave, and by sending this seawater into the port, the water level inside the port gradually rises compared to the water level outside the port, As a result, the movement of the seawater from the inside of the port to the outside of the port occurs, so that the seawater does not stay in the port and deterioration of the water quality in the port can be prevented.

Also, since waves outside the port do not propagate into the port,
The calmness of the harbor can be maintained.

Further, since the cushioning material and the rubber film are provided near the outlet of the flow passage, the flow of the discharged seawater does not disturb the inside of the port.

In addition, since the seawater is guided into the harbor by utilizing the difference in water level, there is no backflow from the inside of the harbor to the outside of the harbor, and the seawater can be efficiently and reliably sent from the outside of the harbor to the inside of the harbor.

Further, since the mechanism is simple, the shape is also simple, and there are great advantages such as being excellent in economy and workability.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a seawater exchange type breakwater of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the seawater exchange type breakwater of the present invention as viewed from the port outside.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the seawater exchange type breakwater of the present invention as viewed from the inside of the port.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional side view for explaining a seawater exchange type breakwater of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a conventional seawater exchange type breakwater.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional side view of another conventional seawater exchange type breakwater.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of still another conventional seawater exchange type breakwater.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS 1 embankment body 2 water inlet 3 rubble foundation 4 foundation block 5 front wall 6 rear wall 7 slit-shaped opening 8 slit-shaped opening 9 horizontal diaphragm 10 water play room 11 vertical plate (concrete) 12 top end surface 13 slope 14 Parapet (chest wall) 15 Channel inlet 16 Channel 17 Back wall side outlet 18 Buffer material 19 Rubber film

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of embankments connected to each other, a parapet protruding from a port inner end of a top end surface of each of the embankments, a port outer portion of a top end surface of each of the embankments, and the embankment And a channel formed above each embankment for communication between the inner wall surfaces of the port, and the seawater on the outer side of the port running upstream on the top end face is sent to the inner side of the port via the channel. Seawater exchange type breakwater characterized by the following. 2. The seawater exchange type breakwater according to claim 1, further comprising a seawater flow buffer member in the flow passage.