JP2980513B2 - Fluid bed incinerator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fluidized bed incinerator used for incinerating municipal solid waste, water treatment sludge, industrial waste and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a fluidized bed incinerator of this type, a fluidized bed thermal reactor as disclosed, for example, in JP-A-63-131916 has been provided. In this conventional configuration, the combustion material introduced into the combustion section from the combustion material inlet is burned while flowing along with the fluid medium swirling by the fluidizing gas. Here, the fluidized medium forms a moving bed that descends quickly and continuously on an air diffuser that forms a floor inclined such that the outlet side is lower.

[0003] Three air chambers are provided below the air diffuser, and air from these air chambers is supplied into the fluidized bed. Further, a supply nozzle is provided in the air diffuser, and a mixture of the particulate solid and air is supplied into the fluidized bed through the supply nozzle. The supply nozzle is disposed so as to protrude vertically from the air diffuser and has an opening formed in a horizontal shape, or is formed so as to face upward without projecting from the air diffuser.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the above-mentioned conventional configuration,
According to the configuration in which the supply nozzle is vertically protruded, there is a problem that a combustion medium, a metal (a wire or the like) or the like is caught by the supply nozzle, and the fluid medium, the combustion substance, and the non-combustible substance do not flow smoothly. In addition, according to the configuration in which the opening of the supply nozzle is formed upward, there is a problem that metal or the like is easily caught in the opening and clogging is likely to occur, and air is not supplied appropriately.

An object of the present invention is to provide a fluidized bed incinerator which can always smoothly flow on a dispersion plate and can always supply a suitable air.

[0006]

Fluidized bed incinerator of the present first invention to achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the fluidized medium is placed in a dispersion board which forms the floor of the combustion chamber, the combustion Inside the room
An air supply pipe with a large number of air supply ports is located between the furnaces.
In the fluidized bed incinerator in which a plurality of fluids are formed in parallel in the direction and thereby a fluidized bed is formed by a fluidized medium by air supplied from below , the dispersion plate is directed from the inlet side of the burnable material to the outlet side. is inclined downwardly Te, air supply pipe of the dispersion plate
Above the group, multiple air jets penetrate this dispersion plate.
Dispensing nozzles are arranged in multiple stages at the top and bottom and in multiple rows in the furnace width direction.
And these air ejection nozzles are inclined with the tip ejection port projecting from the floor surface into the combustion chamber as the lower part,
Open the outlet downward, and separate the outer end of the air
It has been communicating with the wind box which is arranged on the outside of the diffusion plate.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the fluidized bed incinerator according to the first aspect, the inclination angle of the air ejection nozzle is adjusted.
10 ° to 15 °. Further, the third invention provides the fluidized bed incinerator according to the first invention described above, wherein
Formed downward at 40 ° to 50 °.

Further, the fourth invention provides the above-described first to third aspects.
In any of the fluidized bed incinerators according to the invention, a throttle portion is provided at an opening on the wind box side of the air ejection nozzle.

[0009]

According to the configuration of the first aspect of the present invention, the object to be burned introduced into the combustion chamber from the inlet can be burned while moving on the dispersion plate, and the incinerated ash can be discharged from the outlet. At this time, the air is supplied from the air supply
A fluidized bed may be formed by a fluidized medium circulated by flowing air . At the time of such incineration work, air is jetted onto the dispersion plate via a plurality of air jet nozzles, and at that time, air from the tip jet port is inclined along the inclination angle of the air jet nozzle. A stable air supply can be performed without adversely affecting the formation of the fluidized bed, that is, in a direction that assists the flow of the material to be burned.

[0010] In addition, since the protruding tip of the air ejection nozzle is inclined, the object to be burned, metals and the like can be slid without being caught on the tip, and can be smoothly flown on the dispersion plate. Further, since the tip ejection port of each air ejection nozzle is opened downward, it is possible to make it difficult for the objects to be burned or metals to be caught or clogged in these ejection ports.

[0011] According to the configuration of the second aspect of the present invention, by setting the inclination angle of the air ejection nozzle to 10 ° to 15 °, air can be ejected from the tip ejection port at the most suitable angle, and the air can be covered. The angle of inclination may be such that combustibles and metals are difficult to be caught.

According to the configuration of the third aspect of the present invention,
By making the opening angle of the tip jet port downward by setting the opening angle to 40 ° to 50 °, the protruding length of the tip portion can be shortened, and the object to be burned, metals, and the like can be made harder to catch.

[0013] Further, according to the configuration of the fourth aspect of the present invention, the velocity of the jet air onto the dispersion plate can be adjusted when passing from the wind box to the throttle, and after passing through the straight air jet nozzle, The jet can be jetted at a suitable air velocity. In addition, due to the presence of the throttle, air can always be stably distributed from the inside of the wind box to each air ejection nozzle.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The dispersion plate 2 which forms the floor of the combustion chamber 1 and on which the fluidized medium is placed is inclined downward from the inlet 3 for the burnable material toward the outlet 4 having a sieve device or the like.
The inclination angle theta ₁ of the dispersion plate 2, is set to 30 ° to 35 ° is a repose angle (approximately 35 °) or somewhat smaller angle of the fluidized medium. Now inclination angle theta ₁ is at 30 ° or less, the movement of the fluidized medium is smoothly performed no longer, also when the inclination angle theta ₁ is at 35 ° or more, the fluid medium to flow under its own weight, to control the flow rate Disappears.

In the middle part of the combustion chamber 1, a plurality of air supply pipes 6 having a large number of lateral air supply ports 5 are arranged in parallel in the width direction of the furnace. A fluidized bed 7 is formed. And the dispersion plate 2
Above the group of air supply pipes 6, a plurality of air ejection nozzles 10 are arranged in a plurality of upper and lower stages and in a plurality of rows in the furnace width direction through the dispersion plate 2. The outer ends of the air ejection nozzles 10 are communicated with a wind box 8 disposed outside the dispersion plate 2.

Each of the air jet nozzles 10 extends from the floor to the combustion chamber 1.
The portion of the tip ejection port 11 projecting downward is inclined downward. At this time, the inclination angle Θ ₂ of the air ejection nozzle 10 is 10
° is set to 15 °. Where the tilt angle Θ ₂ is 10 °
By mass or less, easily caught and the combustion products and metals in the distal end portion 10A, also when the inclination angle theta ₂ is at 15 ° or more, the air injection direction is directed too below, the fluidized bed 7
Adversely affect the formation of

The tip outlet 11 of each air outlet nozzle 10 is opened downward. At this time, the opening angle of the ejection port 11 Θ ₃
Is set downward at 40 ° to 50 ° (about 45 °). At that time, the lower end starting point portion A of the ejection port 11 is on or near the surface of the dispersion plate 2. Here, when the opening angle theta ₃ is at 40 ° or less, it will be easily clogged caught and the combustion products and metals in spout 11, also the opening angle theta ₃ is 50 °
With the above, the tip portion 10A of the air ejection nozzle 10 protruding into the combustion chamber 1 becomes longer, and the object to be burned, metals, and the like are more easily caught.

At the opening of the air jet nozzle 10 on the wind box 8 side, there is provided a throttle unit 9 formed by a small-diameter throttle hole formed in the wind box 8. Here, the throttle section 9 is designed to have a speed (fluidization start speed) of about 0.5 × Umf with respect to the height of the fluidized bed at that portion. After passing straight air jet nozzle (pipe) 10 from the constriction section 9, the tip jet port
From 11, the air is guided into the fluidized bed 7 at an air velocity of 20 to 30 m / s.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described. The refuse, which is the object to be burned, is introduced into the combustion chamber 1 from the inlet 3 and moves on the dispersion plate 2 to perform the intended combustion.
The incinerated ash is discharged from the discharge port 4 by the sieving action of the sieving device. At this time, a fluidized bed 7 is formed by a fluidized medium on the dispersion plate 2, and the fluidized medium is circulated by air supplied from the air supply port 5 of the air supply pipe 6.

At the time of such incineration work, air is jetted onto the dispersion plate 2 through a plurality of air jet nozzles 10. At this time, the jet air is adjusted to a velocity of about 0.5 × Umf with respect to the height of the fluidized bed when passing from the wind box 8 to the throttle unit 9, and after passing through a straight air jet nozzle 10, The air velocity is set to 20 to
Ejected at 30m / s. In addition, the presence of the throttle portion 9 enables a design that always enables stable air distribution from the inside of the wind box 8 to each of the air ejection nozzles 10.

The air ejected from the tip spout 11 of the air injection nozzle 10 as described above, along the inclination angle theta ₂ of the air ejection nozzle 10, i.e. ejected inclined to 10 ° to 15 °, and Since the jet velocity is 20-30m / s,
Stable air supply can be performed without adversely affecting the formation of the fluidized bed 7, that is, in a direction that assists the flow of the burnable material.

[0022] inclination angle theta ₂ of the air ejection nozzle 10, i.e. the inclination angle theta ₂ is 10 ° to 15 ° of the projecting front end portion 10A
Therefore, burnable materials and metals are
It will always flow smoothly on the dispersion plate 2 without being caught by 10A. Further tip spout 11 of each air ejection nozzle 10, that is opened downward and the opening angle theta ₃ as 40 ° to 50 °, clogged caught and the combustion products and metals in the spout 11 It becomes difficult to
In addition, the protruding length of the distal end portion 10A is shortened, so that the burning object and the metal are hardly caught.

As shown in the above embodiment, when the starting point A of the lower end of the jet port 11 is located on or near the surface of the dispersing plate 2, the protruding length of the tip end 10A can be shortened. An embodiment in which the lower end starting point A is protruded into the combustion chamber 1 is also possible.

In the above embodiment, the air jet nozzle 10
Although the angle of inclination theta ₂ is a 10 ° to 15 °, in the present first invention, examples in which the inclination angle theta ₂ of the air ejection nozzle 10 to less than 10 ° and 15 ° or more are possible.

[0025] In the above embodiment, are formed on the downwardly opening angle theta ₃ jets 11 at 40 ° to 50 °, the first, in the second invention, the opening angle theta ₃ 40 ° or less And 50
An embodiment formed downward at an angle of not less than ° is also possible.

In the above embodiment, the air jet nozzle 10
The aperture section 9 is provided at the opening on the side of the wind box of the first to third embodiments.
In the present invention, the opening of the air ejection nozzle 10 on the wind box side is
An embodiment in which the communication with the wind box 8 is provided without providing the same is also possible.

[0027]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the dispersion plate
Above is circulated by air supplied from the air supply tube group.
A fluidized bed can be formed by the flowing medium, and air can be ejected from the tip ejection port of the air ejection nozzle at an angle along the inclination angle of the air ejection nozzle, thereby forming a fluidized bed. Stable air supply can be performed without adversely affecting the flow of the burnable material.
In addition, since the protruding tip is inclined, the burnable material, metals, and the like can be slid without being caught on the tip, and can smoothly flow on the dispersion plate. Further, it is difficult for the combustibles, metals, and the like to be caught or clogged in the downwardly opened ejection port, so that a suitable air supply can always be performed.

According to the second aspect of the present invention having the above-described configuration, the inclination angle of the air ejection nozzle is set to 10 ° to 15 °, so that air can be ejected from the tip ejection port at the most suitable angle, and the object to be burned can be ejected. And metal can be set at a tilt angle that is difficult to catch.

Further, according to the third aspect of the present invention, since the opening angle of the tip outlet is downward by setting the opening angle to 40 ° to 50 °, the projecting length of the tip portion can be shortened, and the object to be burned and metals can be reduced. Can be harder to catch.

Further, according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the velocity of the jet air on the dispersion plate can be adjusted when passing from the wind box to the throttle, and after passing through the straight air jet nozzle, the tip air outlet is provided. At a suitable air velocity. In addition, the presence of the constriction allows the wind box side to be designed so that the air distribution to each air ejection nozzle can always be stably performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of the present invention and is a longitudinal sectional view of a dispersion plate portion in a fluidized bed incinerator.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the air ejection nozzle portion.

[Description of Signs] 1 Combustion chamber 2 Dispersion plate 3 Input port 4 Outlet port 5 Air supply port 6 Air supply pipe 7 Fluidized bed 8 Wind box 9 Narrowing section 10 Air ejection nozzle 10A Tip section 11 Tip ejection port A Origin of lower end Θ ₁ Dispersion plate inclination angle Θ ₂ Air ejection nozzle inclination angle 空 気₃ Injection opening angle

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A 3-56013 (JP, U) JP-A 2-127911 (JP, U) JP 46-10995 (JP, B1) JP 47-47229 (JP , B1) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) F23G 5/30 F23C 11/02

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] A fluid medium is placed on a dispersion plate forming a floor of a combustion chamber, and an air supply is provided to an intermediate portion in the combustion chamber.
Multiple air supply pipes with multiple ports are arranged in the furnace width direction.
The air supplied from below is
In a fluidized bed incinerator in which a fluidized bed is formed, the dispersion plate is inclined downward from the inlet side of the burnable material toward the discharge side, and the dispersion plate is located above the air supply pipe group of the dispersion plate.
Has multiple air jet nozzles penetrating this dispersion plate,
Arranged in a plurality of lower stages and in a plurality of rows in the furnace width direction, these air ejection nozzles are inclined with the tip ejection port projecting from the floor surface into the combustion chamber as a lower part, and the ejection port is opened downward , Position the outer end of the air jet nozzle outside the dispersion plate.
Fluidized bed incinerator, characterized in that the communication with the set the windbox. 2. The inclination angle of the air jet nozzle is 10 ° to 15 °.
The fluidized bed incinerator according to claim 1, wherein 3. The fluidized bed incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the opening angle of the jet port is downward at 40 ° to 50 °. 4. The fluidized bed incinerator according to claim 1, wherein a throttle section is provided at an opening on the wind box side of the air ejection nozzle.