JP3099530B2 - Spouted bed refuse incinerator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a municipal solid waste incinerator using a spouted bed furnace which does not require a complicated structure and control method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the proportion of plastics in refuse has been increasing, and therefore, fluidized bed refuse incinerators, which are more suitable for burning plastics than stoker furnaces, have attracted attention. . However, in such a fluidized bed refuse incinerator, the temperature in the bed must be 650 ° C. or lower in order to prevent the melting of low-melting substances such as aluminum, but the burning rate in the furnace is high. In addition, since the quality of the injected refuse as a fuel is not stable, it is difficult to control the temperature in the bed, and a low-melting substance such as aluminum may be melted. In order to solve the above problems, conventionally, the temperature has been adjusted by spraying water into the furnace.

[0003]

In recent years, as garbage has increased in calories and the size of refuse incinerators has increased,
These need to be addressed. In addition, it may be incorporated into a power generation system, and there is also a problem in terms of environmental regulations that harmful substances such as dioxin must be suppressed. The present invention has been made in view of the above points,
An incinerator incorporating a spouted bed having a throat in a combustion furnace main body, wherein a moving bed for steaming input garbage at a low temperature of 650 ° C. or lower, and a steamed garbage.
Since it has a structure consisting of a spout part for burning at high temperature in a jet state, it is extremely easy to extract incombustibles, and even if the calories of garbage change suddenly, the combustion state does not change much, so conventional incineration It is an object of the present invention to provide a spouted bed incinerator that does not require a complicated structure and control method like a furnace.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, a spouted bed incinerator according to the first aspect of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. fluidizing the municipal waste that is put into 14 outwardly
A moving layer 12 for steamed at low temperatures while moving downward without, provided by inserting longitudinally moving layer 12, municipal waste which moves within the moving layer downward flow of the combustion gas A draft tube 14 for blowing and rising at a high temperature while burning up in a jet state, a throat 16 for supplying combustion air connected to a lower portion of the furnace body 10, a draft tube 14 and a throat 1
And a spout portion 18 formed between the bed 6 and the lower portion of the draft layer 14 for instantaneously burning the municipal solids which have been roasted and moved downward in the moving bed 12 in a jet state at a high temperature. It is characterized by:

The spouted bed incinerator according to claim 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1. An air supply port 20 and a burner 22 for supplying combustion air are provided at a lower portion, and a burner 22 is provided at an upper portion. An exhaust gas outlet 24 is provided at a side or upper portion of a refuse inlet 26 for introducing municipal waste to the outside of the draft tube 14.
The furnace body 10 having a moving bed 12 for roasting municipal solids charged inside the draft tube 14 outside at a low temperature while moving the municipal waste downward without fluidizing, and a vertical moving inside the moving bed 12. provided by inserting in a direction, the draft tube 14 for municipal waste which moves within the moving layer downward is gradually burned at high temperatures while increase was blown up in a jet state riding the flow of combustion gases, air The throat 16 connected to the supply port 20 and the municipal solids formed between the lower end of the draft tube 14 and the upper end of the throat 16 and roasted by the moving bed 12 and moved downward are jetted below the draft tube 14. A spout section 18 for instantaneously burning at a high temperature in the state, a combustion air supply port 28 connected to the throat 16 and municipal solid waste are spouted from the moving bed 12. The incombustible discharge port 30 for discharging the incombustible material in municipal waste which missed the flow of air when moving downward to 18, is characterized in that it consists of.

[0006] In spouted bed incinerator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, as shown in FIG. 3, draft moving layer 12 surface
It is also possible to set a part outside the tube 14 as the dust introduction zone 32 and provide a heat transfer tube 34 inside the surface of the remaining moving layer 12. In the spouted bed incinerator according to claim 1, 2, or 3, an air nozzle 38 for blowing air into the free board 36 of the main body 10 is attached in one or more stages in the height direction, as shown in FIG. It is also possible. Further, in the spouted bed incinerator according to the first, second, third or fourth aspect, as shown in FIG. 5, the free board 36 of the main body 10 may have a drawing structure.

[0007]

[Operation] The refuse input from the refuse inlet 26 is the moving bed 1
It falls on 2 and is swallowed in the layer. Here, the refuse burns slowly because the heat transfer rate is low. Moving layer 12
The refuse that has burned to some extent inside the moving bed 12 moves downward.
Moves into the spout section 18 from the moving bed 12 to form a jet
In rapidly burning, burns further in the jet state while escapes by raising the draft tube 14 riding the flow of combustion gases. Here, the incinerated matter flies as it is and is collected by a bag filter (not shown) outside the furnace. The residue that has burned without incineration falls onto the moving bed 12 again and repeats the same until incinerated. The non-combustible material is the moving bed 12
When moving downward from the to the spout portion 18, it falls through the throat portion 16 without getting into the flow of air.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the shapes of the constituent members described in this embodiment, the relative arrangement thereof, and the like are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention only to them, unless otherwise specified. It's just Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a spouted bed incinerator according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a furnace main body, which includes a moving bed 12 for steaming the inputted waste and a moving bed 12.
Moving downwards in the moving layer
The moved refuse rises in a jet state along the flow of combustion gas.
And a throat 1 for supplying combustion air connected to a lower portion of the furnace body 10.
6 and a spout portion 18 formed between the draft tube 14 and the throat 16 for instantaneously burning steamed refuse in a jet state.

More specifically, an air supply port 20 and a burner 22 for supplying combustion air are provided at a lower portion of the furnace body 10, an exhaust gas outlet 24 is provided at an upper portion, and a refuse inlet is provided at a side or an upper portion. 26 is provided with a moving layer 12 for steaming refuse therein. Then, it provided by inserting longitudinally moving layer 12, transfer
The garbage moving downward in the moving bed follows the flow of combustion gas
Draft tube 14 for rising in jet state
A throat 16 connected to the air supply port 20, and a spout portion 18 formed between the lower end of the draft tube 14 and the upper end of the throat 16 for instantaneously burning steamed refuse in a jet state. , A combustion air supply port 28 and a noncombustible substance discharge port 30 connected to the throat 16 are provided respectively. An air nozzle 40 is preferably provided. The moving medium that forms the moving layer 12 is sand, dust, or the like. The shape of the furnace body 10 and the draft tube 14 can be square instead of circular as shown in FIG.

In the furnace, a spouted bed is formed by the air blown from the throat 16. Garbage is thrown in from the garbage inlet 26, falls onto the moving bed 12, and is swallowed into the bed. The refuse burns slowly while moving downward in the moving bed 12. The refuse that has reached the lowermost end of the moving bed 12 is rapidly combusted in a jet state while ascending the spout 18 along the flow of combustion air (combustion gas) . Here, the incombustibles fall down the throat 16 as they are without flowing in the air flow, and are discharged out of the furnace through the incombustibles outlet 30. Of the refuse that has risen inside the draft tube 14, the ash that burns and is ashed is discharged out of the furnace together with the exhaust gas from the free board 36 through the exhaust gas outlet 24. Those not incinerated fall on the moving bed 12 again, and the same steps are repeated.

Embodiment 2 As shown in FIG. 3, a part of the surface of the moving layer 12 is used as a refuse input zone 32, and the heat transfer tube 3 is provided inside the remaining surface of the moving layer 12.
4 can also be provided. In this structure, using a spreader or the like, dust is evenly injected into one side of the surface of the moving layer 12 and the heat transfer tubes 34 are buried in the moving layer 12 on the other side to achieve heat recovery. Control the temperature of the The shapes of the furnace body 10 and the draft tube 14 can be round instead of square. Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

Third Embodiment As shown in FIG. 4, an air nozzle 38 for blowing air into the free board 36 of the main body 10 can be attached in one or more stages in the height direction. In this structure, air nozzles 38 for blowing air are attached in one or more stages in order to completely burn unburned volatiles generated from a spouted bed incinerator. Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment. Fourth Embodiment As shown in FIG. 5, the free board 36 of the main body 10 may have a throttle structure in which a passage is narrowed. This structure is a throttle structure in order to improve the mixing of secondary air and volatile components. Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[0013]

As described above, the present invention has the following effects. (1) Municipal waste put outside the draft tube
A moving bed for steaming at a low temperature while moving downwards, and a spout for instantaneously burning high-temperature municipal solid waste that has been steamed and moving downwards in the moving bed in a jet state below the draft tube Since it is a spouted bed refuse incinerator having a structure consisting of a part and a part, it does not require a complicated structure and control method as in a conventional incinerator. (2) Since the burning rate is low in the moving bed, even if the calories of municipal solid waste change rapidly, the combustion state does not change much. For this reason, a clinker trouble or the like hardly occurs.
Since the municipal solid waste put into the moving bed outside the draft tube always moves from the moving bed to the lower spout part, the incombustibles can be reliably dropped and removed here. (3) It is possible to cope with increasing the calories of waste and increasing the size of waste incinerators. In addition, it can be incorporated into a power generation system, and can also solve the problem of environmental regulations of controlling harmful substances such as dioxin.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory sectional view showing an embodiment of a spouted bed incinerator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another example of a cross section taken along line 2-2 in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an explanatory sectional view showing another embodiment of the spouted bed refuse incinerator of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory sectional view showing still another embodiment of the spouted bed refuse incinerator of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Furnace main body 12 Moving layer 14 Draft tube 16 Throat 18 Spout part 20 Air supply port 22 Burner 24 Exhaust gas outlet 26 Garbage input port 28 Combustion air supply port 30 Noncombustible substance discharge port 32 Garbage input zone 34 Heat transfer tube 36 Free board 38 Air nozzle 40 air nozzle

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Tomoaki Takada 1-1, Kawasaki-cho, Akashi-shi, Hyogo Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Inside the Akashi factory (56) References JP-A-52-118858 (JP, A) JP-A-4-155114 (JP, A) JP-A-3-125808 (JP, A) JP-A-1-217106 (JP, A) JP-B-3-31967 (JP, B2) (58) Fields investigated (Int) .Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F23G 5/30

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] In the furnace body (10), municipal solid waste put outside the draft tube (14) is fluidized.
Mobile phase for steamed at low temperatures while moving to Rukoto without downwardly (12), provided by inserting longitudinally moving layer (12), municipal waste which moves within the moving layer downward A draft tube (14) for blowing up at a high temperature while being blown up in a jet state according to a flow of the combustion gas, and for supplying combustion air connected to a lower portion of the furnace body (10). Throat (16), municipal solids formed between the draft tube (14) and the throat (16), which have been steamed and moved downward in the moving bed (12), are placed below the draft tube (14). A spout section (18) for instantaneously burning at a high temperature in a spout state; and a spouted bed incinerator comprising: 2. A draft tube (14) for supplying an air supply port (20) and a burner (22) for supplying combustion air to a lower portion, an exhaust gas outlet (24) at an upper portion, and municipal waste to a side or an upper portion. Garbage input port (26) for external input
Furnace body (10) each having a moving bed (12) for making municipal solids charged into the outside of the draft tube (14) inside downward without fluidizing and steaming at a low temperature, The municipal solid waste which has been inserted in the moving bed (12) in the vertical direction and has moved downward in the moving bed is blown up in a jet state along the flow of the combustion gas, and burns at a high temperature while rising. Tube (14), a throat (16) connected to the air supply port (20), and a moving layer (12) formed between the lower end of the draft tube (14) and the upper end of the throat (16). A spout section (18) for instantaneously burning high-temperature municipal solids which have been steamed and moved downward in a jet state under the draft tube (14), and a fuel connected to a throat (16). Air supply port for baking (2
8) and municipal solid waste from the mobile bed (12) to the spout (1)
8) An incombustible discharge port (3) for discharging incombustibles from municipal solid waste that did not enter the air flow when moving downward.
0) and a spouted bed incinerator characterized by the following. 3. A method according to claim 1, wherein a part of the surface of the moving layer (12) outside the draft tube (14) is a refuse input zone (32), and a heat transfer tube (34) is provided inside the surface of the remaining moving layer (12). Item 3. The spouted bed incinerator according to Item 1 or 2. 4. The air nozzle (38) for blowing air into the free board (36) of the main body (10) is mounted in one or more stages in the height direction.
A spouted bed incinerator as described. 5. The spouted bed incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the free board (36) of the main body (10) has a drawing structure.