JP2967046B2 - Shiitake maturation artificial tree - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a shiitake ripe artificial log tree which can generate a large quantity of high quality shiitake mushrooms.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, Shiitake mushroom cultivation involves inoculating a Shiitake mushroom with inoculum, covering it with mucillo, como, etc., to prevent the outside air from directly touching, and in this state, promoting the growth of hyphae (temporarily laying down). This is done by spreading the rope to spread it in an appropriate place and growing the mycelium to turn it into a mushroom. However, in such a conventional method for cultivating shiitake mushrooms, the supply of shiitake mushrooms is difficult due to the reduction of the raw wood, and a long cultivation period is required. For this reason, it has recently been considered to manufacture artificial bridges using sawdust and the like and cultivate shiitake mushrooms using these. In this kind of artificial shiitake mushroom cultivation, a bottle is filled with sawdust serving as a fungal bed medium, inoculated with the original bacteria, stoppered, and cultured to produce a white soft mycelial mass (hyphae-infested bacterial bed). Alternatively, there is a method in which the surface of the mycelial mass is solidified in a protruding state by overculturing, and the generated mycelial mass is taken out of the bottle and immersed in cold water at an appropriate time to give a low-temperature shock to produce mushrooms.

[0003]

However, according to the above-mentioned method, it is easy to be contaminated by harmful fungi, which causes malformed mushrooms, or the growth rate of the cut buds is poor, the growth rate varies, and the quality and yield are reduced. Is not stable. That is, in the above method, the state in which the white mycelium spreads in the bottle is visually determined, and the mycelial mass is taken out at a stage where the inside of the bottle is filled with the white mycelium and a protruding state of the surface of the mycelial mass is generated. It is used for cultivation of Shiitake mushrooms. However, when cultivating shiitake mushrooms using such artificial logs, the determination of the degree of mycelia, that is, the maturity of the artificial logs, can be visually determined based on the whiteness of the mycelial blocks and the state of protrusion of the surface of the mycelial blocks. Therefore, the determination of the degree of maturity is inaccurate and the cultivation is performed with insufficient maturity. For this reason, there is a problem that artificial brooms with poor bud cutting and poor quality and yield are frequently generated.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and has been completed to obtain a fully-ripened artificial log that can produce shiitake with stable yield and quality of fruiting bodies throughout the cultivation period.
Its purpose is to provide a method of making a mature artificial rope .

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems To achieve the above object, the method of the present invention for producing an artificial shiitake pontoon tree is a method for controlling a hyphal mass.
Weight ratio of cellulose and lignin derived from the culture medium due to water spraying (cellulose) / (lignin)
A configuration that you to 3.3 or more.

[0006] That is, the present inventors have a gap between the whiteness or protuberance due to the spread of mycelia of the mycelium mass, which is a guide for judging the ripeness of the artificial tree, and the actual ripeness. A series of studies were conducted to wonder if this might be the case. As a result, even if the mycelium spreads enough and the mycelial mass (artificial rope) becomes white, the mycelial mass is not actually fully ripe, and the state between the state based on the mycelial infestation and the actual ripe state is increased. There is a considerable gap, and at the stage when the mycelial mass is whitened or raised,
I realized that I wasn't ripe yet. Therefore, in order to objectively determine the degree of maturity, Shiitake bacterium assimilate (digest) cellulose and lignin in the culture medium during its growth. We found that there was a correlation in the amount of chemical conversion and repeated a series of studies. As a result, (cellulose)
The weight ratio of / (lignin) (hereinafter abbreviated as “ratio”) is suitable as an indicator of the degree of ripeness, and if the ratio is 3.3 or more, it is determined that the artificial log is actually fully ripe, The invention has been reached. That is, when the (cellulose) / (lignin) ratio is 3.3 or more, the medium component raw material is sufficiently digested, and the mycelial mass is in a mature state. The lignin degradation products required for the formation of shiitake mushroom bodies are sufficiently absorbed in the mycelial mass. Therefore, when cultivating shiitake mushrooms using such a ripe artificial rope, it is possible to produce shiitake mushrooms of high yield and quality over the entire cultivation period.

[0007] The appearance of the above-mentioned mature artificial wooden tree is not brown but brown.

[0008]

Next, the present invention will be described in detail.

[0009] The method of the present invention for producing a fully-ripened artificial shimaki can be carried out as follows. That is, first, a solid medium is prepared using sawdust, rice bran, bran, or the like as the medium composition, and the solid medium is filled in a container such as a polypropylene bottle or bag and sterilized by heating. Next, the inoculum was inoculated to optimize the temperature of the mycelium culture (20 to 26).
C.) for 1 to 2 months, and the mycelium spreads in the medium to form a soft, white, hyphal mass with a slightly raised surface. Conventionally, this is provided as an artificial log as it is, but in the present invention, the hyphae masses taken out of the container are arranged at predetermined intervals on a net-like shelf, and the hyphae of the hyphae mass is grown in this state. In the process of mycelial growth, for example, as shown in FIG.
Watering is performed for one week or three months from above the shelf 2 with a water spraying device 3 such as a sprinkler so that water droplets are evenly applied to the surface of the mycelial mass 1. In this case, the watering is divided into two stages, and at first the watering is promoted by continuous watering to promote the activation of the mycelium, followed by gentle watering (sprinkling with a small amount of water so that no excess water remains in the mycelial mass) Water for several hours a day)
Will give good results.

[0010] The thus-obtained ripe Shiitake mushroom tree has (cellulose) / (lignin) of 3.3 or more.

[0011] In the production of this artificial mushroom made of shiitake mushrooms, the stage of taking out the mycelial mass from the container and arranging it on a shelf and 20 days after the start of watering (cellulose)
The / (lignin) ratio was examined and is shown in FIG. In addition, in the wood flour of the initial medium, the (cellulose) / (lignin) ratio is usually in the range of 1.5 to 2.0, and this value varies depending on the amount of rice bran to be added and the wood of the wood flour. For example, when the amount of rice bran is small, the cellulose content is reduced, so that the (cellulose) / (lignin) ratio is close to 1.5. Then, at the stage of being taken out of the container, the (cellulose) / (lignin) ratio is 2.5, which indicates that it is not fully ripe. On the other hand, watering is performed for 20 days, and further culturing is continued, so that the (cellulose) / (lignin) ratio becomes 3.3 and reaches a mature state. The preferred range of the (cellulose) / (lignin) ratio is 3.5 to 5.5.

When the ratio of (cellulose) / (lignin) is set to 3.3 or more in this way, (cellulose)
/ (Lignin) together with lignin content (solid content)
5% by weight (hereinafter abbreviated as "%") or less, preferably 9 to 13%
% Is preferred. That is, that the lignin content (solid content) is lower than that in the initial mycelial mass means that the lignin is decomposed and the assimilation (digestion) rate of the medium is increased, cellulose)
By adjusting the lignin content to 15% or less in combination with the / (lignin) ratio, the maturity of the mycelial mass can be more reliably grasped.

The above cellulose and lignin are J
Quantification was performed by an analytical method based on the IS method.

The artificial shiitake mushroom obtained as described above is sprinkled and immersed in water by a known low-temperature stimulus or the like to absorb water, and is treated in the same manner as a common shiitake mushroom log. It can be generated. In this case, the yield is stable and high throughout the cultivation period, and there is no variation in quality.

[0015]

As described above, the method of the present invention can be used.
The maturity of the shiitake mushrooms is not based on the conventional hyphal infestation of the mycelial mass (the appearance of the hyphae becomes white when spread) or the enhancement of the surface of the hyphae. Expressing ripeness more accurately (cellulose)
The degree of maturity is determined based on the / (lignin) ratio, and the value is 3.3 or more (fully matured at 3.3 or more). Therefore, during the entire cultivation period, there is no poor bud cutting due to lack of vitality and no variation in fruiting body growth.
Shiitake with stable quality can be generated at a high rate.

Next, examples of the present invention will be described together with comparative examples.

[0017]

[Example, Comparative Example]

[Culture of mycelial mass] First, the mycelial mass was cultured as follows. That is, sawdust, rice bran, and bran were mixed at a ratio of 8: 1: 1, and water was added thereto to prepare a culture medium. The culture medium was filled with 1 kg of polypropylene in a filling container, and a filter-attached cap was attached. This was autoclaved at 121 ° C for 90 minutes under high pressure, inoculated with Shiitake mushrooms, and inoculated at a temperature of 22 ° C.
And a mycelial mass was obtained.

[Water Sprinkling] Next, as shown in FIG. 1, after continuous watering of the mycelial mass as shown in Table 1 below, gentle watering (watering for 8 hours per day) is shown in the same table. After several days, an artificial log was obtained. The (cellulose) / (lignin) ratio of the artificial wood thus obtained was determined and is shown in Table 2 below. In this case, the amounts of cellulose and lignin were quantified by an analytical method based on the JIS method. At this time, the number of samples was n = 30.

[Cultivation] Next, the artificial logs obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples thus obtained were cultivated at a temperature of 8 to 18 ° C. for 6 months, and the harmful bacteria contamination rate of the logs was measured. The generation yield, the average weight per shiitake mushroom, and the appearance rate of the modified fruiting body were examined and are shown in Table 3 below. The yield of shiitake mushrooms was determined by dividing the total amount of shiitake mushrooms by the total weight of the initial medium.

[0020]

[Table 1]

[0021]

[Table 2]

[0022]

[Table 3]

From the results shown in Tables 1 to 3, in Examples 1 to 4, the lignin is sufficiently utilized because the mycelial mass is matured under suitable watering conditions and temperature conditions. Particularly, in Examples 3 and 4, since the decomposition (assimilation) rate of lignin is high, the (cellulose) / (lignin) ratio is 4.5 or more and the lignin content is 10% or less. Here, comparing Example 3 and Example 4, there is almost no difference in the yield of shiitake between the two, but the weight of shiitake is smaller in Example 4 than in Example 3. This is because the lignin content of the artificial tree of Example 4 was less than 9%, and it is considered that there was a difference from Example 3 in this point. On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 1 to 3, lignin was not sufficiently utilized because the culture conditions, watering conditions, and temperature conditions were inappropriate. For this reason, the activation of hypha and the maturation of the artificial tree are not achieved, and contamination with harmful bacteria and deformation of fruiting bodies are liable to occur, resulting in a decrease in yield and quality.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a state in which water is applied to a mycelial mass taken out of a container in one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a change state of a (cellulose) / (lignin) ratio.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 mycelial mass 2 shelf 3 watering device or watering nozzle

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] By sprinkling for 1. A mycelial mass cellulose and the weight ratio of lignin artificial firefly tree derived from the culture medium (cellulose) / Shiitake ripe artificial Firefly trees, wherein to Rukoto to (lignin) 3.3 or higher Recipe. 2. The weight ratio of cellulose and lignin (cell
Cellulose) / (lignin) is claimed that the content of lignin <br/> down in the case of more than 3.3 and wherein all 15% of the solids (wt%) or less der <br/> Rukoto of firefly wood Item 1. The method for producing an artificial shiitake mushroom tree according to Item 1.