JP2958778B2 - Tone generator - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a musical sound generator applied to a synthesizer type electronic musical instrument such as an electronic stringed musical instrument such as an electronic guitar, and more particularly to an envelope of a musical sound to be produced. Related to control technology.

[Conventional technology]

An electronic device that detects string vibrations and the like as electric signals by playing a guitar or the like and controls a tone generation circuit composed of a digital circuit or the like in accordance with the input waveform signal to synthesize and emit a tone. Musical instruments are being developed.

In such an electronic musical instrument, for example, a pitch cycle is extracted from an input waveform signal, and a tone generation circuit generates a tone having a pitch corresponding to the pitch cycle.

On the other hand, with regard to envelope control such as volume added to a musical tone, as a first conventional example, at the time of rising of an input waveform signal, that is, for example, in a guitar, a signal intensity at the time of picking a string is detected, and a musical tone generating circuit is used. There are some which generate musical tones whose volume, timbre, etc. are changed according to the signal strength. That is, for example, the volume envelope of the tones to be generated is preset for each type of tone (tone color) in the tone generation circuit, and the level of the entire envelope changes depending on the amplitude of the rising edge of the input waveform signal. It is independent of the envelope of the input waveform signal.

As a second conventional example of the envelope control, the envelope of the tone output from the tone generator is controlled on the basis of the envelope of the input waveform signal extracted by the envelope extractor, so that the envelope of the tone unique to the predetermined tone is determined. The effect of (1) adds an effect of an envelope of an input waveform signal.

In this conventional example, for example, in an electronic guitar, a mute playing method of forcibly stopping a string vibration after a player performs a picking operation of a string is performed, and a change in an entire envelope of an input waveform signal is indicated by E in FIG. As shown in FIG. Even if the envelope of the musical tone output from the musical tone generating circuit has the characteristic shown in F of FIG. 21, this characteristic is multiplied by the characteristic of FIG. A change in the envelope of the musical tone can be made to have a characteristic of rapidly attenuating as shown in G of FIG. Therefore, it is possible to easily add a playing effect by a mute playing technique or the like, and the player can change the envelope of the musical tone as expected according to the playing style.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, in the case of the first conventional example, even if a guitar playing method involving an abrupt change in the envelope of the string vibration is performed on an electronic guitar or the like, the musical tone envelope is determined independently of the musical tone generation circuit. In addition, not only the performance effect expected by the player is not obtained, but also the sound may be very unpleasant.

For example, with the player picking strings normally,
It is assumed that the envelope of the string vibration has, for example, the characteristic shown in A of FIG. 20 (a), while the envelope of the musical tone to be produced has the characteristic shown in B of FIG. 20 (a).
The symbol ON in the figure indicates the timing at which the tone generation starts when the string vibration level in FIG. A becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined value. Similarly, the symbol OFF indicates that the string vibration level in FIG. The timing at which the end of sound generation is instructed when the value becomes equal to or less than the predetermined value is shown. That is, the envelope of the musical tone to be produced gradually decreases after the OFF timing. In such a case, if the player picks a string and then performs a mute playing method in which the string is suppressed with a palm or the like before the string vibration is not sufficiently attenuated and the string vibration is forcibly stopped, the string vibration is reduced. The envelope has a characteristic of rapidly attenuating immediately after a strong attack as shown by C in FIG.
On the other hand, the envelope of the musical tone to be pronounced is shown in FIG.
As shown in D, there is a problem that the decay sound remains at a large volume for a long time even after the OFF timing, the sound is hardly separated from the audibility, and the nuance peculiar to the mute playing method is lost.

On the other hand, in the case of the second conventional example, the envelope of the input waveform signal can be reflected on the envelope of the musical tone, as shown as G in FIG. But the second
21 The attack portion in FIG. F is also multiplied by the envelope of the input waveform signal in FIG. In general, since the characteristics of the attack portion of a musical tone include important factors such as the tone color of the musical tone, the characteristics of the attack portion also change in the envelope characteristics of FIG. As a result, there is a problem in that the tone quality itself of the tone unique to the electronic musical instrument originally obtained from the tone generator is changed.

An object of the present invention is to make it possible to control the envelope of a musical tone to be produced in accordance with the envelope of an input waveform without significantly deteriorating the sound characteristics peculiar to an electronic musical instrument, thereby achieving a performance effect expected by a player. To get it.

[Means for solving the problem]

The present invention is a musical sound generating device that is realized as an electronic guitar or the like of a type in which, for example, a string vibration is detected as an input waveform signal by a pickup and thereby the musical sound is controlled.

Then, first, there is an envelope extracting means for extracting an envelope signal of the input waveform signal. The means includes, for example, an effective peak value detecting means for sequentially detecting an effective peak value after a rise of a digital waveform signal obtained by digitizing an input waveform signal, and an effective peak value sequentially detected from the means. And an envelope signal calculating means for sequentially calculating an average value with a previous effective peak value and sequentially outputting the average value as an envelope signal.

Next, the musical sound is generated by the musical sound generating means. As the means, various types such as digital sound source means and analog sound source means can be adopted. For example, in the case of a digital circuit, based on a memory for storing a digital musical tone waveform, and in particular, a sound generation start instruction and a pitch control from control means (not shown),
This is realized by waveform reading means for reading a digital tone waveform from the memory at an address interval corresponding to the pitch, means for converting the read digital tone waveform into an analog waveform, amplifying the waveform, and then emitting sound. In addition, a waveform may be generated by various operations, for example, by sine wave synthesis, frequency modulation, phase modulation, or the like.

And, after a predetermined timing has elapsed after the start of tone generation of the musical tone signal, there is provided an envelope extracting means for controlling the envelope of the musical tone signal generated from the musical tone generating means so as to correspond to the envelope signal extracted by the envelope extracting means. .

The means, for example, the value of the envelope signal extracted by the envelope extraction means at the elapse of the predetermined timing as the reference envelope value, and thereafter, the ratio of the value of the envelope signal sequentially extracted and the reference envelope value, This is realized by multiplication means for multiplying the tone signal. In this case, until the predetermined timing elapses,
In the multiplication means, for example, the value 1.0 is multiplied, and the tone signal is not changed.

In the above configuration, the musical sound generating means is provided with an envelope generating means for adding envelope characteristics such as attack, sustain, decay, and release to a musical sound signal generated from the musical sound signal. The envelope characteristic added by
The timing can be set so as to be the sustain characteristic, that is, the sustain characteristic.

[Action]

 The operation of the present invention is as follows.

When a tone signal is started to be emitted from the tone generating means, in the attack portion until a predetermined timing (for example, a sustain point) is reached, the tone output from the tone generating circuit is output as it is, and the characteristics such as the tone color of the tone are changed. A well-preserved musical tone is pronounced. In general, the characteristics of the tone start portion (attack portion) of a musical tone include important elements such as the tone color of the musical tone. Therefore, by outputting the tone signal from the tone generating circuit as it is, only the portion of the characteristic is improved. It can be saved.

After the predetermined timing, the envelope of the tone signal from the tone generating means is controlled by the envelope control means so as to correspond to the envelope signal of the input waveform signal.

Therefore, for example, in an electronic guitar, even when the player performs a mute playing method for forcibly stopping the string vibration after performing the picking operation of the strings, the tone signal from the tone generating means (at the attack portion immediately after the start of sounding). Synth sound)
The tone of the input waveform signal is well preserved, and thereafter, the envelope characteristics of the input waveform signal are well reduced to the tone signal by the envelope control means after the passage of a predetermined timing, as the envelope of the input waveform signal is rapidly attenuated based on the mute playing technique. This is reflected, and a performance effect by a mute playing technique or the like is easily added.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. In the following description, symbols ｛｝, (),
Items are sequentially sorted in the order of the heading surrounded by << and underlined.

<< Configuration of Embodiment of the Present Invention >> In this embodiment, six metal strings are stretched on a body, and a desired string is pressed while pressing a fret (fingerboard) provided below the metal string with a finger. It is realized as an electronic guitar that performs by picking. The appearance is omitted.

 FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of the present embodiment.

First, the pitch extraction analog circuit 1 is provided for each of the six strings (not shown), and outputs each output from a hexapickup for converting the vibration of each string into an electric signal.
In particular, by removing harmonic components through a low-pass filter (not shown), each of the six types of waveform signals Wi (i = 1
To 6). Further, each time the sign of the amplitude of each waveform signal Wi changes to positive or negative, a pulse-like zero-cross signal Zi (i = 1 to 6) which becomes high level or low level is generated. Then, these six types of waveform signals Wi and zero cross signals Zi are respectively converted by an A / D converter (not shown) and the like.
The signal is converted into a time-division serial zero-cross signal ZCR and a digital output (time-division waveform signal) D1 and output.

As shown in FIG. 2, the pitch extraction digital circuit 2 includes a peak detection circuit 201, a time constant conversion control circuit 202, a peak value capturing circuit 203, and a zero cross time capturing circuit 204. Each of the circuits shown in FIG.
Based on the serial zero cross signal ZCR obtained by time-dividing the six strings from FIG. 1 and the digital output D1, the six strings are time-divided. In the following description, processing for one string will be described for ease of description, and a serial zero-cross signal will be described.
The ZCR and the digital output D1 will be described using an image of a signal for one string. Unless otherwise specified, it is assumed that time division processing is performed for six strings.

In FIG. 2, first, a peak detection circuit 201 detects a maximum peak point and a minimum peak point of the digital output D1 based on the serial zero cross signal ZCR and the digital output D1. For this purpose, the circuit 201 includes a peak hold circuit (not shown) for holding while subtracting (attenuating) the absolute value of the past peak value, although not particularly shown. After detecting the previous peak value, the peak detection circuit 201 sets the absolute value of the digital output D1 after the next serial zero-cross signal ZCR is generated, using the peak hold signal output from the peak hold circuit as a threshold. When the threshold value is exceeded, the timing of the peak value is detected. The peak value timing is detected by digital output.
This is performed for each of the case where D1 is a positive sign and the case where D1 is a negative sign. Then, at the peak value detection timing, a maximum peak value detection signal MAX is output for a positive sign, and a minimum peak value detection signal MIN is output for a negative sign. Note that these signals are also, of course, actually time-division signals for six strings.

Next, the time constant conversion control circuit 202 is a circuit for changing the attenuation rate of the peak hold circuit in the peak detection circuit 201, and detects the maximum / minimum peak value detection signals MAX, MIN from the peak detection circuit 201, and the The central control unit (MCP,
The same applies to the following. This will be described later.

Subsequently, the peak value capturing circuit 203 in FIG. 2 performs a demultiplexing (decomposition) process on the digital output D1 sent from the peak extraction analog circuit 1 in a time-sharing manner to a peak value for each string. The peak value is held in accordance with the peak value detection signals MAX and MIN from the peak detection circuit 201. Then, the MCP3 (FIG. 1) sequentially outputs the maximum peak value or the minimum peak value of the string accessed through the address decoder 4 (FIG. 1) to the MCP3 via the bus BUS. Also, from the peak value capturing circuit 203,
In addition to the peak value, an instantaneous value of vibration of each string can be output.

The zero-cross time acquisition circuit 204 is provided with a serial zero-cross signal ZC from the pitch extraction analog circuit 1 (FIG. 1).
According to R, the output of the time base counter 2041 common to each string is converted to the zero crossing point of each string, more precisely, the maximum / minimum peak value detection signal MAX output from the peak detection circuit 201,
Latch is performed at the zero crossing point immediately after the passage timing of the maximum peak point and the minimum peak point determined by MIN. When this latch operation is performed, the zero-cross time acquisition circuit 204 subsequently outputs an interrupt signal INT to the MCP3 in FIG.
Thus, in accordance with a control signal (described later) output from the MCP 3 via the address decoder 4 (FIG. 1), the string number at which the zero-cross occurred, the zero-cross time corresponding to the latched string, and positive / negative information (described later) The bus BUS
Are sequentially output to MCP3 via.

Also, from the timing generator 205 in FIG.
Timing signals for processing operations of the respective circuits shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are output.

Next, returning to FIG. 1, the MCP 3 is
And a RAM 302, and a timer 303. ROM
Reference numeral 301 denotes a non-volatile memory that stores programs for controlling various musical sounds, which will be described later, and a RAM 302 is a rewritable memory used as a work area for various variables and data during the control. The timer 303 is used for a note-off (silence) process described later.

After the generation of the interrupt signal INT from the above-described zero-cross time acquisition circuit 204 (FIG. 2), the address decoder 4 shown in FIG. 1 acquires the zero-cross time according to the address read signal AR generated from the MCP3 (FIG. 1). The reading circuit 204 is supplied with a string number reading signal ▼ and a time reading signal ▼ (i = 1 to 6). Similarly, it outputs a waveform reading signal ▲ ▼ (j = 1 to 18) to the peak value capturing circuit 203 (FIG. 2). Details of these operations will be described later.

The tone generator 5 (# 1 to #n) has an interface (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) on each input side.
MIDI is provided and a dedicated bus for transmitting sound control information
It is connected to MCP3 via MIDI-BUS, and can simultaneously generate one type of musical tone and n types of musical tones in total. Inside each circuit, there is provided an envelope generation circuit ENV for controlling the volume or tone color envelope of the musical tone to be generated, and when the generated envelope passes the sustain point, an interrupt signal INT is sent from each ENV to the MCP3. 'Is output. This will be described later.

The multipliers 6 (# 1 to #n) transmit M
Each of the tone signals output from each of the tone generators 5 (# 1 to #n) is multiplied by the envelope signal corresponding to each of the n types of musical tones latched by the respective latches 11 (# 1 to #n) from the CP3. Circuit.

The adder 7 is a circuit that digitally adds n types of tone signals output from the multipliers 6 (# 1 to #n) and converts them into one type of digital signal.

The output of the adder 7 is converted into an analog tone signal by a D / A converter 8, amplified by an amplifier 9, and then emitted from a speaker 10.

Note that the n types of tone generation circuits 5 (# 1 to #n),
Multiplier 6 (# 1 to #n) and latch 11 (# 1 to #n)
Instead of this, one kind of tone generating circuit and multiplier may be operated by n time division processing to output n kinds of tone.

<< Schematic Operation of the Embodiment >> The operation of the embodiment having the above configuration will be described below.

First, a schematic operation of this embodiment up to generation of a musical tone will be described.

D1 in FIG. 10 is an analog representation of one string of the digital output D1 output from the pitch extraction analog circuit 1 in FIG. This waveform is obtained by picking one of the six strings of the guitar (not shown).
An electric signal detected from a corresponding pickup is output as a digital signal, and the electric signal is output in accordance with a position where the string is pressed on a fret (fingerboard) (not shown).
Waveform is generated with the pitch period, as shown in FIG. 10 T ₀ through T _5, and the like.

In this embodiment, the pitch periods T _{0 to} T _{5 and the} like are extracted in real time, so that the MCP 3 in FIG. 1 generates pitch information corresponding to the pitch periods, and the pitch generation circuit 501 in FIG. To produce the musical tone of Therefore, especially when the performer changes the string tension during the performance by a tremolo arm (not shown), the pitch period of the digital output D1 changes accordingly, and the pitch information also changes in real time accordingly. , Rich expressions can be added to musical sounds.

Further, in this embodiment, the peak value of the digital output D1 of FIG. 10 has detected the a ₀ ~a ₃ or b ₀ ~b _3, etc., in particular, when picking time (chord MCP3 of Figure 1 rises By generating volume information based on the maximum peak value a0 of ( ₁ ) and transferring it to the tone generation circuit 5, a tone having a volume corresponding to the strength of picking a string can be generated.

On the other hand, regarding the envelope of the musical tone to be produced, which is most relevant to the present invention, each musical tone generating circuit 5 shown in FIG.
Each tone signal generated from (# 1 to #n) has an envelope, for example, as shown in FIG. 11 (a) added by an envelope generating circuit ENV in the same circuit (the horizontal axis is time, vertical). The axis is amplitude). Hereinafter, this envelope is called a synth envelope. Here, SP is a sustain point at which the envelope characteristic becomes a sustaining characteristic, and OFF is a note-off timing at which an instruction to stop musical sound generation is issued.

On the other hand, the envelope of the digital output D1 input via the guitar hexa pickup of FIG.
It has characteristics as shown in FIG. Hereinafter, this envelope is referred to as a string envelope.

At the start of each tone, the corresponding latch 11 shown in FIG. 1 has a value of 1.0 from MCP3 via MIDI-BUS.
Is set, and the input of the corresponding multiplier 6 is also shown in FIG. 11 (c).
Is the value 1.0. Therefore, in the attack portion at the start of sound generation, the envelope characteristics of each tone signal output from the corresponding multiplier 6 in FIG. 1 are shown in the first half of FIG. The synth envelope of a) is preserved as is.

Subsequently, when the envelope of the tone signal output from the tone generating circuit 5 of FIG. 1 is maintained at the sustain point SP as shown in FIG. 11 (a), an interrupt signal is sent from the corresponding envelope generating circuit ENV to the MCP3. INT 'is output. It is assumed that the interrupt signal INT 'includes information indicating which of the tone generation circuits 5 of # 1 to #n has been output from the envelope generation circuit ENV.

Based on the interrupt signal INT ', the MCP3 of FIG. 1 changes the value of the corresponding latch 11 at the time of the sustain point SP to 1.0, corresponding to the string envelope of FIG. 11 (b). Values are sequentially latched. Therefore, after the sustain point SP, the input of the corresponding multiplier 6 changes as shown in FIG. 11 (c). The string envelope is, for example, a pitch extraction digital circuit 2 shown in FIG.
Is detected from. Digital output D1 current peak value and 1
It is detected as the average value of the previous peak value of the same polarity.

Thereby, the envelope characteristic of the tone signal output from the corresponding multiplier 6 in FIG. 1 is added to the chord envelope characteristic in FIG. 11B, as shown in the latter half of FIG. 11D. It was done.

With the above operation, the envelope characteristic of the tone output from the tone generating circuit 5 is preserved in the attack portion near the start of tone generation of the tone generated by the multiplier 6, so that the characteristics of the so-called synth sound are good. A tone of the stored tone quality is generated. That is, in general, the characteristics of the attack portion of a musical tone include important elements such as the tone color of the musical tone. Therefore, by using the envelope of the original synth sound only in the attack portion, the characteristics can be well preserved. . After the sustain point SP, on the contrary, the characteristics of the string envelope of the digital output D1 are added. Therefore, for example, after the player picks a string, the string is held down with the palm of the hand before the string vibration is sufficiently attenuated, and the vibration of the digital output D1 is sharply reduced by performing a mute playing method of forcibly stopping the string vibration. When attenuated, the envelope characteristic is well reflected on the tone signal generated from the corresponding multiplier 6, and a performance effect such as a mute playing technique can be easily added to the tone signal.

Further, when the MCP3 detects the note-off timing OFF of the digital output D1, the corresponding latch 1 shown in FIG.
At 1 the value written immediately before the note-off remains latched, and the corresponding input of the multiplier 6 is shown in FIG. 11 (c).
Becomes a constant value as in the last part of.

As a result, the envelope characteristic of the tone signal output from the corresponding multiplier 6 is reduced from the envelope of the tone signal output from the corresponding tone generating circuit 5.

The above operation is time-division-processed with respect to the time-sharing digital output D1 for the six strings of the guitar, and based on the interrupt signals INT 'from the plurality of envelope generating circuits ENV (# 1 to #n), a plurality of latches are performed. 11 (# 1 to #n) and multiplier 6
Since (# 1 to #n) are controlled in parallel, it is possible to simultaneously generate six strings of musical sounds from the speaker 10 shown in FIG. And since these musical tones can be set to any volume and tone, and various effects can be added electronically,
An extremely large performance effect can be obtained.

<< Operation of Pitch Extraction Digital Circuit >> The operation of the present embodiment for realizing the above operation will be described in detail below.

(Schematic Operation) First, the pitch extraction digital circuit 2 shown in FIG. 1 or FIG.
The operation of will be described. In the following description, only one string is described, and the serial zero-cross signal is used.
ZCR, digital output D1, maximum / minimum peak value detection signal MA
Although X and MIN will be described using the image of one string, time division processing is actually performed on six strings.

In the circuit 2, the digital output D1 of FIG. 10 for each chord, the peak value a ₀ ~a ₃ or b ₀ extracts ~b _3, etc., ~t ₇ zero-crossing time t ₀ immediately following the peak value at the same time And the like, and information indicating 1 or 0 depending on whether the peak value immediately before each zero crossing time is positive or negative is extracted and supplied to the MCP3 in FIG. Based on this, the MCP ₃ extracts the pitch periods T _{0 to} T _{5 and the} like in FIG. 10 from the interval of the zero-crossing time, generates other various tone information, and further, as described later. Depending on the error handling, note off (silence)
Processing, relative on / off processing, etc. are performed.

(Detailed Operation) To this end, the peak detection circuit 201 shown in FIG.
The digital output D1 which enter come as shown in the figure, first, the value at the portion is negative, its absolute value is a timing x ₀ beyond the 0, 10th minimum peak value detection as shown in FIG. The signal MIN goes high.

Thus, the peak value acquisition circuit 203 of FIG. 2 is a timing x ₁ immediately after the minimum peak value detection signal MIN is at high level, the wave of the minimum peak value (negative digital output D1 to enter separately The high value _b0 (absolute value) is detected and held in a latch (not shown), and the minimum peak value detection signal MIN is returned to a low level.

On the other hand, a serial zero-cross signal ZCR as shown in FIG. 10 is input from the pitch extraction analog circuit 1 in FIG. 1 to the zero-cross time acquisition circuit 204 in FIG. This signal is a signal which is output as a high-level or low-level binary digital signal from a comparator (not shown) in the pitch extraction analog circuit 1 which determines whether the digital output D1 is positive or negative.

Then, the zero-crossing time acquisition circuit 204 outputs the minimum peak value detection signal MIN output from the peak detection circuit 201.
Immediately but that the high level at timing x _0, the edge timing of the serial zero-crossing signal ZCR is varied, i.e., at the zero crossing point of the digital output D1, time is counted by the time base counter 2041 of FIG. 2 t ₀ ( Tenth
Latch). A 1 or 0 positive / negative flag indicating whether the immediately preceding peak value is positive or negative ( ₀ for the minimum peak value b ₀₎ is set in the most significant bit of the latch data.
Is added.

Further, the zero-cross time acquisition circuit 204 outputs an interrupt signal INT to the MCP3 in FIG. As a result, when the interrupt signal INT is generated,
The peak value capturing circuit 203 shown in FIG. 2 holds the minimum peak value b ₀ (absolute value), and the zero-cross time capturing circuit 204 stores the zero-cross time including the positive / negative flag immediately after the generation of the minimum peak value b _0. Latched.

Then, after outputting the interrupt signal INT, MCP3 in FIG.
From the accesses made through the address decoder 4 (described later), the zero-crossing time and a minimum peak value b ₀ containing the negative flag is transferred to MCP3 through the bus BUS. Since the above processing is time-division-processed for six strings, as described later, before the output of the above-mentioned information, information indicating which string number the interrupt has occurred is taken as a zero-crossing time. Output from the embedding circuit 204 to the MCP3.

Next, in the peak detection circuit 201 of FIG. 2, an internal peak hold circuit (not shown) peak-holds the minimum peak value b ₀ (absolute value) of FIG. Outputs ₀ . Thus, the peak detection circuit 201 as a threshold for the peak hold signal (absolute value), the timing x ₂ whose absolute value for the negative side exceeds the threshold value of the digital output D1, minimum peak value detected again Set signal MIN to high level.

Thus, in the same manner as the second in peak value acquisition circuit 203 of Figure, the minimum peak value detection signal MIN following minimum peak value b ₁ at a timing x ₃ immediately after the high level (absolute value ) is held in a second view of the zero-crossing time acquisition circuit 204, the zero-crossing time t ₂ comprising positive and negative flag immediately after the occurrence of the minimum peak value b ₁ of the above (0 Again) is latched, the interrupt signal INT After transmission, it is transferred to MCP3.

Based on the above, the minimum peak value b _{0 to} b ₃ (absolute value) for the negative side of the digital output D1 in FIG. 10, the zero cross time t ₀ ,
t _2, t _4, t ₆ detects such, and in exactly the same manner as the output operation of such a peak hold signal q ₀ to q _3, such as the maximum peak value a ₀ ~a ₃ with respect to the positive side of the digital output D1 Detection, zero cross time
Detection of t ₁ , t ₃ , t ₅ , t ₇ etc., and peak hold signal p ₀ ~
Output operations such as p ₃ are performed in parallel. In this case, the maximum peak value detection signal MAX is output from the peak detection circuit 201 as shown in FIG. 10, and the peak value capturing circuit shown in FIG.
In the 203 and the zero-cross time acquisition circuit 204, the zero-cross times t ₁ and t ₃ including the maximum peak values a _{0 to} a ₃ and the positive and negative flags (in this case, 1 because they are positive peaks) based on the signal MAX. , T ₅ , t _7, etc. are latched.

The operation shown above, from the second view of the zero-crossing time acquisition circuit 204, an interrupt signal INT for each time of a 10 view of the zero-crossing time t ₀ ~t ₇ is output to MCP3 of Figure 1,
Based on this, at each time, as a set of a minimum or maximum peak value (absolute value) and a zero crossing time, b ₀ and t ₀ , a ₀ and t ₁ ,
b ₁ and t _2, a ₁ and t _3, · · · and the like are sequentially output to MCP3. Here, in MCP3, the determination as to whether the peak value is the minimum peak value (negative peak value) or the maximum peak value (positive peak value) is made by the positive / negative flag added to the most significant bit of the zero crossing time. It is possible.

In addition to the above operation, the peak value capturing circuit 203 shown in FIG.
Can arbitrarily output the instantaneous value of the digital output D1 by accessing from the MCP3. This will be described later.

Further, the peak hold signals p ₀ to p _{0 of} FIG. 10 generated by the peak hold circuit in the peak detection circuit 201 of FIG.
Each of the decay rates (time constants) such as p ₃ , q _{0 to} q _{3 and the} like is changed as needed by the time constant conversion control circuit 202 in FIG. 2 under the control of the MCP ₃ .

Basically, the time constant is changed so that the peak hold signal is rapidly attenuated after, for example, one pitch cycle time of the digital output D1 has elapsed. The pitch period information at this time is set in the time constant conversion register in the time constant conversion control circuit 202 via the bus BUS after the MCP 3 in FIG. This is performed by setting pitch cycle information in CHTRR (described later). As a result, the time constant conversion control circuit 202 includes a string-independent counter (not shown) provided inside, and an MCP3
, A match comparison with the pitch cycle information set in the time constant conversion register CHTRR is performed, and a time constant change signal is sent to the peak detection circuit 201 when a match output occurs after the pitch cycle time has elapsed. With this operation, the peak hold signal rapidly attenuates after the elapse of one pitch period, whereby the peak of the next pitch period is appropriately detected.

Before the elapse of one pitch period, the peak detection circuit
At 201, the next maximum or minimum peak value detection signal MAX or
When MIN is detected, the counter is reset at the timing of the fall of these signals to generate the next peak hold signal.

In addition, since the vibration cycle of each string varies widely depending on the position where the player presses the string on the fret, when the waveform corresponding to each string of the digital output D1 rises, it is necessary to quickly detect the vibration of the waveform. The peak hold signal rapidly attenuates when the maximum sound period of each string elapses. Immediately after that, the open hold period (minimum sound period) of each string rapidly elapses so as not to pick up harmonics of each pitch period. The setting is made to attenuate. Then, after the pitch cycle is effectively extracted, a setting is made so as to rapidly attenuate as the pitch cycle time elapses, and follows the change in the pitch cycle of each string of the digital output D1 due to the performance operation.

Further, in the pitch detection circuit 201, which of the positive and negative peak values is to be controlled for the peak hold is determined by
The determination is made based on whether the serial zero-cross signal ZCR is at a high level or a low level.
See figure).

<< Operation of Central Control Unit (MCP) >> By the above operation, the maximum or minimum peak value, the zero crossing time, and the positive / negative flag indicating the positive / negative of the peak value are supplied from the pitch extracting circuit 2 in FIG. The MCP 3 shown in FIG. 1 performs pitch extraction and extraction of parameters relating to volume and timbre, thereby generating the tone generation circuit 5 (# 1 to # 1).
Generate tone control information for controlling n). In addition,
The MCP 3 executes the operation flowcharts shown in FIGS. 3 to 9 in accordance with the program stored in the ROM 301 as described in detail below.

(Explanation of Variables) First, the variables used in the control program shown in the operation flowcharts of FIGS. 3 to 9C to be described later are listed below.

AD: input peak value (instantaneous value) directly reading the input waveform D1 to the pitch extraction digital circuit 2 in FIG. 1 AMP (0, 1): positive or negative previous (old) peak value ( AMRL1... It is the previous amplitude value (peak value) for checking relative (off) off stored in the amplitude register. Here, the relative off is equivalent to a silencing process when the fret operation is stopped and the sound is shifted to an open string by canceling the sound based on a sudden decrease in the peak value.

AMRL2... The amplitude value (peak value) of the last two times for the relative-off stored in the amplitude register, to which the value of AMRL1 is input.

CHTIM: The cycle corresponding to the highest tone fret (22nd fret) CHTIO: The cycle corresponding to the open string fret CHTRR: A time constant conversion register, and the above-mentioned time constant conversion control circuit 202 (FIG. 2) It is provided inside.

DUB: A flag that indicates that the waveform has continued in the same direction, FOFR: Relative off counter, GENV0: Envelope data at the sustain point GENV: Envelope data HNC: Waveform number counter MT・ ・ ・ Flag for pitch extraction (positive =
1, negative = 0) NCHLV: No change level (constant) OFTIM: Off time (e.g., corresponding to the open string cycle of the string) OFPT: Normal off check start flag ONF: Note on flag RIV ... Flag for switching the processing route in step (STEP) 4 to be described later ROFCT ... Constant that determines the number of relative off checks S ... Before the sustain point (S = 0) or after Flag indicating (S = 1) STEP: Registers (1 to 1) that specify the flow operation of MCP3
5) TF: Previous zero-cross time data that became valid TFN (0, 1): Previous zero-cross time data immediately after the positive or negative peak value TFR: Time storage register THLIM ··· Frequency upper limit (constant) TLLIM ··· Frequency lower limit (constant) TP (0,1) ··· Positive or negative previous period data TRLAB (0,1) ··· Positive or negative absolute trigger level ( Note-on threshold value) TRLRL: Relativistic on (re-start) threshold TRLRS: Resonance removal threshold TTLIM: Lower frequency limit at trigger TTP: Previously extracted period data TTR・ ・ ・ Period register, TTU ・ ・ ・ Constant (product of 17/32 and current cycle information tt) TTW ・ ・ ・ Constant (product of 31/16 and current cycle information tt) VEL ・ ・ ・ Speed (velocity) Is determined by the maximum peak value of the waveform at the start of sound generation.

X: Flag indicating abnormal or normal state b: Current positive / negative flag stored in working register B (1 at the next zero point after the positive peak, 0 at the next zero point after the negative peak) c ······························································································································································ Extracted cycle data t... Current zero-crossing time stored in working register T0 tt... Current cycle information stored in working register TOTO (operation of pitch interrupt processing routine) The figure shows a case where a pitch interrupt is applied to the MCP 3 by the interrupt signal INT from the zero-cross time acquisition circuit 204 (FIG. 2) in the pitch extraction digital circuit 2. It is a diagram showing a flowchart of the interrupt processing routine shown a sense.

As described above, at the time when the interrupt signal INT is output from the zero-crossing time capturing circuit 204, the maximum or minimum peak value (absolute value) is held in the peak value capturing circuit 203 in FIG. The acquisition circuit 204 latches a zero-crossing time immediately after the occurrence of the peak value, and a positive / negative flag indicating 1 when the immediately preceding peak value is the maximum (positive) peak value and 0 when the immediately preceding peak value is the minimum (negative) peak value. Have been.

Therefore, the MCP 3 first sets a predetermined address read signal AR in the address decoder 4 at I1 in FIG. 3 and outputs a string number read signal ▲ ▼ to the zero-cross time capturing circuit 204 in FIG. Let it. As a result, the circuit 204 first outputs a string number indicating the string number at which the interrupt has occurred to the MCP 3 via the bus BUS. Subsequently, the MCP 3 sets another address read signal AR in the address decoder 4 and sends the time read signal
A signal corresponding to the string number among ▼ to ▲ ▼ is output. Thereby, from the same circuit 204,
The zero-crossing time information set in the latch corresponding to the string number specified by the time reading signal ▲ ▼ (i = 1 to 6) is transmitted to the M via the bus BUS.
Output to CP3. This is defined as the current zero-cross time t as shown in FIG. 3 I1.

Subsequently, at I2 in FIG. 3, the positive / negative flag added to the most significant bit of the zero-crossing time information is extracted as described in the section "Operation of the pitch extraction digital circuit", and this is referred to as the current positive / negative flag b. I do.

Thereafter, at I3 in FIG. 3, the MCP 3 is transmitted via the address decoder 4 in the same manner as described above to the peak value capturing circuit 20 in FIG.
For 3, the peak value read signal ▲ ▼ (j =
1 to 12) is output. Here, the same circuit
Although not shown, there are 12 latches in the 203 that hold the maximum peak value and the minimum peak value for 6 strings, so that the MCP3 determines the string number and the positive / negative flag b based on the string number and the positive / negative flag b.
Select and output the peak value read signal ▲ ▼. As a result, from the circuit 203, the maximum peak value or the minimum peak value (absolute value) set in the latch designated by the peak value read signal ▲ ▼
Is output to the MCP3 via the bus BUS. This is shown in Fig. 3 I
As shown in FIG. 3, the current peak value is c.

After the above operation, at I4 in FIG. 3, the values of t, c, and b obtained as described above are set in registers T0, C, and B (not shown) in MCP3. Each time the above-described interrupt processing is performed, such zero-crossing time information, peak value information (absolute value), and positive / negative flag information indicating the type of peak are written into this register as one set.
In a main routine to be described later, processing for such information is performed for each string.

The registers T0, C, and B correspond to 6 strings.
The MCP3 in FIG. 1 includes information indicating to which string each tone generating circuit 5 and each multiplier 6 of # 1 to #n perform a tone generation operation and an envelope control operation (described later). 4 to 9 are stored in the RAM 302.
The processing of musical tone control and envelope control explained in the figure
All of the six strings are time-divisionally processed, and the corresponding tone generation circuit 5 and multiplier 6 are processed according to which of the registers corresponds to which string. Hereinafter, it is assumed that the above operation is performed unless otherwise specified.

(Operation of Main Routine) FIG. 4 is an operation flowchart showing processing of the main routine. Here, initialization after power-on (initialization), note-off (silence) processing of music, and STEP
A process of selecting each process from 0 to STEP 4 (or 5) is performed. In the present embodiment, the processing of the musical tone control is performed by a processing concept of a step as described later, and as described later, STEP0 → S
Tone control is performed in the order of TEP1, STEP2, STEP3, STEP4 (→ STEP5), and STEP0.

<< Basic Operation >> In FIG. 4, first, when power is turned on (power is turned on), various registers and flags are initialized in M1, and the register STEP is set to 0. In this case, as described in the description of the time constant conversion control circuit 202 (FIG. 2) in the section “Operation of the pitch extraction digital circuit”, the peak detection circuit 201 (the second
MCP3 sets the highest note fret cycle CHTIM in the time constant conversion register CHTRR in the time constant conversion control circuit 202 via the bus BUS so that the waveform at the rising edge of the waveform of the digital output D1 can be quickly detected. peak hold signal outputted from the peak hold circuit in the peak detection circuit 201 (FIG. 10 p ₀ or q _0, etc.) is controlled to rapidly attenuated at the highest sound period time.

Subsequently, in M2 of FIG. 4, it is determined whether or not the register described in the section "Operation of the pitch interrupt processing routine" is empty. If NO (hereinafter referred to as "NO"), the process proceeds to M3. The contents of registers B, C and T0 are read. continue,
In M4, some values of the register STEP are determined,
STEP0 for M5, STEP1 for M6, STEP2 for M7, STEP for M8
3. In M9, the processing of STEP4 is sequentially executed. The update to the next step is performed in the processing of STEP0 to STEP4 as described later.

<< Note-off operation >> When the buffer is empty in M2, that is, in the case of YES (hereinafter, referred to as YES), the process proceeds to M10 to M16.
Here, a normal note-off algorithm process is performed. This note-off algorithm uses digital output D1
In FIG. 1, the algorithm is to turn off the note when the state where the peak value is equal to or less than the off (OFF) level continues for a predetermined off-time period.

First, it is determined in M10 whether or not STEP = 0, and in the case of YES, note-off does not need to be performed because the tone is in an initial state, and the process returns to M2. On the other hand, in the case of NO,
Proceed to M11.

In M11, the input peak value (instantaneous value) AD of the digital output D1 at that time is directly read. This is because the MCP 3 receives the peak value capturing circuit 203 via the address decoder 4 (FIG. 2).
To read peak value ▲ ▼ ~ ▲
By providing any of the above, the circuit 203 can achieve this by outputting the current instantaneous value of the digital output D1 to the MCP3 via the bus BUS. Then, it is determined whether or not this value AD is equal to or less than a preset off level. If NO, the process returns to M2 because there is no need to perform note-off, and if YES, the process proceeds to M12.

In M12, it is determined whether or not the previous input peak value AD is equal to or less than the off level. If NO, the process proceeds to M17, starts the timer 303 in the MCP3, and returns to M2. Then, the next time the process comes again, since M12 becomes YES, the process proceeds to M13, where it is determined whether the value of the timer 303 is the off-time OFTIM. As the OFF time OFTIM, for example, the open string fret cycle CHTIO of the string being processed is set, and if ON at M13, the process returns to M2 and the processing is repeated, and Y
When it reaches ES, the process proceeds to M14, where 0 is written to the register STEP,
After setting the highest tone fret period CHTIM in the time constant conversion register CHTRR, the process proceeds to M16 via M15 (described later).
That is, when the level of the digital output D1 is attenuated, the input peak value AD that is equal to or less than the off-level becomes the off-time OFTIM
Since the digital output D1 is not input and it can be determined that the string is no longer played, the process proceeds to M16 and the note-off process is performed.

In M16, the MCP 3 sends a note-off instruction to the tone generator 5 (any one of # 1 to #n) (FIG. 1), thereby stopping the tone generation. When the note-off is performed in this way, the process always returns to STEP0.

In step M15, a determination of YES is made in a normal state. However, the register STEP may take a value other than 0 even when the tone generation is not instructed by the processing described later ( In such a case, for example, due to the input of noise), in such a case, the process returns to M2 after the processes of M14 and M15, thereby being initialized to STEP0.

(Processing Operation of STEP 0) Next, details of each routine that branches and performs corresponding processing in the main routine of FIG. 4 will be described.

First, FIG. 5 is an operation flowchart of the process of step 0 (STEP0) shown as M5 in the main routine of FIG. In this processing, initialization for pitch extraction processing and the like, and processing for transition to the next STEP 1 are performed. Hereinafter, description will be made with reference to the basic operation explanatory diagram of FIG. In addition,
FIG. 12 shows the same waveform as FIG.

<< Basic Operation >> Now, the main routine of FIG. 4 is executed by repeating the loop of M2 and M10, and as described in the above-mentioned "Operation of Pitch Interrupt Processing Routine", the pitch extraction digital circuit 2 (FIG. 1). Interrupt from the register
Waiting for data to be input to T0, C, and B.

Then, when data is input and the contents of the above registers are read from M2 to M3 in FIG. 4, M5, M5,
That is, the process proceeds to STEP0 in FIG. In this state, for example, as shown in FIG. 12, the current zero-cross time t = t ₀ ,
The current positive / negative flag b = 0 and the current peak value c are the minimum peak value c = b ₀ (absolute value) from b = 0. In FIG. 12, b and b _{0 to} b ₃ are different symbols.

First, in S01 of FIG. 5, the value of the current peak value c is the absolute trigger level (positive threshold value for note-on).
It is determined whether it is larger than TRLAB (b). This determination is executed for each of the positive and negative polarities (maximum peak value or minimum peak value) based on the value of the positive / negative flag b, and the absolute trigger level TRLAB (1) on the positive side and the negative side The absolute trigger level TRLAB (0) is the digital output D1
Different values can be empirically set in consideration of the case where an offset is superimposed on (FIG. 1). The same value may be used in an ideal system. In the example of FIG. 12, the current minimum peak value c = b ₀ (absolute value) and TRLAB (b) = TRLAB
(0) and c = b ₀ > TRLAB (0), that is, the determination is YES.

Next, after S02 (described later), the process of S03 is executed. Here, first, the current positive / negative flag b is written into the flag MT, 1 is written into the register STEP, and preparations are made for the transition to the next step. Zero cross time data
Set as TFN (b). In the example of FIG. 12, as shown in FIG. 12, MT = b = 0, TFN (b) = TFN (0) = t = t ₀
Becomes

Subsequently, in S04, other flags (except for the constant value) other than the above-described flags described in the section of “variable description” are initialized. In particular, a flag S indicating whether or not after a sustain point, which will be described later, relating to the present invention is initialized to 0 here.

Further, in S05, the current peak value c is set as the previous peak value AMP (b) (absolute value) for the subsequent processing, and the process returns to the main routine M2 in FIG.
In the example of FIG. 12, AMP (b) = AMP as shown in FIG.
(0) = a c = b _0.

By the above processing, in the example of FIG.
As shown in (1), the current positive / negative flag b = 0 of the register B is written to the flag MT, and the current zero-cross time data t = t ₀ of the register T0 is written to the previous zero-cross time data TFN (0) on the negative side. Is written and the previous negative peak value
AMP (0) to the minimum peak value c = b ₀ This register C is written.

<< Resonance Elimination Operation >> When the value of the current peak value c is equal to or lower than the absolute trigger level TRLAB (b) in S01 of FIG. 5, the process does not shift to the sound generation (note-on) process. Simply setting the current peak value c to the peak value AMP (b) returns to the main routine of FIG. However, 1
When the picking of a string causes resonance of another string, the vibration level of the other string gradually increases, and the determination result of S01 in FIG. 5 eventually becomes YES.
Then, the process proceeds to S02. But in such a case,
Since it is not the case that regular picking is performed, it is not appropriate to shift to the operation of sound generation (note-on). Therefore,
In the process of S02, the above-described resonance is removed. That is, in the above case, the current peak value c is equal to the previous peak value AMP.
Since the difference c-AMP (b) is not larger than the resonance elimination threshold value TLRRS, it is determined that the resonance state has occurred, and the sound generation process is not started. Without shifting, the previous peak value AMP in S05
By setting the value of the current peak value c in (b), the fourth
It returns to the main routine of the figure. On the other hand, when the normal picking as shown in FIG. 12 is performed, the waveform suddenly rises, and the difference c-AMP (b) between the peak values exceeds the resonance removal threshold value TRLRS. The process moves from S02 to S03.

<< Relative-On Entry Operation >> In FIG. 5, A is a relative-on (reproduction start) entry to be described later, and jumps to S06 from a flow of STEP 4 to be described later. Then, in S06, the musical tone output so far is once erased (note off), and the process proceeds to S03 to start re-sounding. The process for starting re-sound generation is the same as that for starting normal sound generation, and is as described above. Here, note-off processing in S06 is the fourth
This is the same as the processing in M16 in the figure.

(Processing Operation of STEP1) Next, FIG. 6 is an operation flowchart of the processing of Step 1 (STEP1) shown as M6 of the main routine of FIG. In this processing, initialization such as pitch extraction processing subsequent to STEP 0 and transition processing to STEP 2 subsequent thereto, or double processing (error processing) when a strange waveform is input is performed.

<< Basic Operation >> First, after the initial setting for the first data is performed in STEP0, in the main routine of FIG.
Due to the repetition of the loop of M10 → M11 → M2, the pitch extraction digital circuit 2 (FIG. 1) interrupts again and waits for the next data to be input to the registers T0, C and B.

Then, when data is input and the contents of the above registers are read via M2 to M3 in FIG. 4, M6, M6,
That is, the process proceeds to STEP 1 in FIG. In this state, for example, as shown in FIG. 12, the current zero-crossing time t = t ₁ ,
The current positive / negative flag b = 1, and the current peak value is the maximum peak value c = a ₀ from b = 1.

First, through S11 in FIG. 6 (described later), in S12, the value of the current peak value c is set to be exactly the same as described in the description of S01 in FIG. ,
It is determined whether or not the level is higher than the absolute trigger level TRLAB (b). In the example of FIG. 12, the current maximum peak value c = a ₀ and TR
LAB (b) = TRLAB (1) is compared and c = a ₀ > TRLAB
(1), that is, the determination is YES.

Next, in S13, 2 is written in the register STEP to prepare for shifting to the next step. In S14, the current zero-cross time t of the register T0 is set to the previous zero-cross time data TFN for the subsequent processing. (B) is set. Further, in S15, the current peak value c of the register C is changed to the previous peak value AMP for the subsequent processing.
Set as (b), M2 of the main routine of FIG.
Return to the processing of. In the example of FIG. 12, as shown in FIG.
(1) = t = t ₁ , AMP (1) = c = a ₀ Note that MT
Are not rewritten and remain at 0.

<< Operation of Dubble Processing >> When a normal digital output D1 as shown in FIG. 12 is being input, the minimum (large) on the negative (positive) side in STEP0 described above.
After the peak value (absolute value) is extracted, the maximum (small) peak value on the positive (negative) side is extracted in STEP1.
Therefore, in S11 of FIG. 6, the positive / negative flag b =
Since 1 (0) is different from the flag MT = 0 (1) set in STEP0, the process proceeds to S12 as described above.

However, in some cases, a waveform as shown in FIG. 13 (a) or (b) may be input in STEP1 after STEP0. In this case, after the minimum peak value b ₀ of the negative side it is extracted with STEP0, the minimum peak value b ₁ again negative in STEP1 is extracted I dub. Therefore, in S11 of FIG. 6, the positive / negative flag this time becomes b = 0, and the flag M set in STEP0 is set.
Matches T = 0. In this case, the process proceeds to S16 of FIG. 6, and the double processing (error processing) is performed.

In S16, it is determined whether the value of the peak value c is larger than the previous peak value AMP (b) of the same sign.

Now, in the case as shown in FIG. 13 (a), c = b ₁ > AMP (b)
= AMP (0) = b ₀ does not hold. In such a case, the minimum peak value b ₁ of this ignores a funny waveform (hatched portion), STEP is not updated, the main routine of FIG. 4 M2
Return to the process of and wait for the next normal peak to be input.

On the other hand, in the case of FIG. 13 (b), c = b ₁ > APM
(B) = AMP (0) = b ₀ holds. In such cases, ignoring the direction of the minimum peak value b ₀ extracted with previous STEP0 as strange waveform (hatched portion), the previous zero-crossing time data of negative side is set in STEP0 TFN
The contents of (0) and the previous peak value AMP (0) on the negative side are changed by replacing the current zero crossing time t and the current peak value c with S14 and S15 in FIG.

That is, in the example of FIG. 13B, TFN (0) = t = t ₁ , A
The MP (0) = c = b 1. After this doubling process, the STEP is not updated (the process does not pass through S13 in FIG. 6), and the process returns to the process of M2 in the main routine in FIG. 4, and waits for the next normal peak to be input.

After the above operation, when the normal peak value is inputted, the sixth processing the by S11 → S12 → S13 → S14 → S15 in Figure is made, for example, t = t ₁ as shown in FIG. 12, the following The transition to the processing of STEP2 is performed.

(Processing Operation of STEP 2) Next, FIG. 7 is an operation flowchart of the processing of Step 2 (STEP 2) shown as M7 in the main routine of FIG. In this process, the first for the pitch extraction
Detection of the second pitch period, velocity setting, and ST
Performs transition to EP3 or error processing (doubble processing) when a strange waveform is input.

<< Basic Operation >> First, after the processing in STEP 1 described above, in the main routine of FIG. 4, the pitch extraction digital circuit 2 (FIG. 1) is repeated by repeating a loop of M2 → M10 → M11 → M2.
Again, and waits for the next data to be input to the registers T0, C, and B.

Then, when data is input and the contents of the above registers are read through M2 to M3 in FIG. 4, M7, M7,
That is, the process proceeds to STEP 2 in FIG. In this state, for example, as shown in FIG. 12, the current zero-cross time t = t ₂ ,
This negative flag b = 0, the current peak value is c = b ₁ at the minimum peak value than b = 0.

First, in S21 after S20 in FIG. 7 (described later), the MCP 3 is currently processing the time constant conversion register CHTRR in the time constant conversion control circuit 202 in FIG. 2 via the bus BUS. Set the open string fret cycle CHTIO of the string. This is because, as described in the description of the time constant conversion control circuit 202 in the section "Operation of the pitch extraction digital circuit", the peak detection circuit 201 (FIG. 2) detects the oscillation at the rising of the waveform of the digital output D1. After the detection, the peak hold signal (FIG. 10) output from the peak hold circuit in the peak detection circuit 201 so as not to pick up the overtone of each pitch cycle.
p ₁ , q ₂ etc.) is the open string period of each string, that is, the lowest sound period CHTIO
Rapidly attenuates as time elapses.

Next, in S22, it is determined whether or not the value of the current peak value c is greater than 7/8 times the previous peak value AMP (b) of the same sign. Although this processing will be described in detail later, usually, the waveform obtained by picking the strings smoothly attenuates smoothly, so this determination is YES, and the processing proceeds to S2 (described later) through the next S23.
Proceed to 4.

In S24, the first pitch period is detected by calculating {(current zero-cross time t)-(previous zero-cross time data TFN (b) of the same sign)}. Then, in order to use this result as a condition for note-on (start of sound generation) in STEP 3 described later, the previous cycle data TP
Set as (b). In the example of Figure 12, the TP (0) = t-TFN (0) = t 2 -t 0 as shown in FIG.

In S24, the current zero-cross time t is set as the previous zero-cross time data TFN (b) for the subsequent processing. In the example of FIG. 12, as shown in FIG.
(0) = t = t ₂ . The TFN set in STEP0
(0) = t ₀ is the previous cycle data TP (b) = TP (0)
Is no longer needed because it can be calculated and is deleted.

Similarly, in S24, 3 is written in the register STEP, and preparation for shifting to the next step is made.

Further, in S24, the largest value among the current peak value c and the previous peak values AMP (0) and AMP (1) is set as the velocity VEL for the subsequent processing. It should be noted that the velocity VEL is used as a value for determining the volume of a musical tone as described later in STEP3. Similarly, the current peak value c is set as the previous peak value AMP (b), and the process returns to the process of M2 in the main routine of FIG. In the example of Fig. 12,
VEL = max ｛c, AMP (0), AMP (1)｝ = max ｛b ₁ ,
b ₀ , a ₀ }, and AMP (0) = c = b ₁ . In addition, STE
AMP (0) = b ₀ set in P0 is unnecessary and is deleted because the velocity VEL can be calculated.

<< Operation of Dubble Processing >> When the normal digital output D1 as shown in FIG. 12 is being input, the maximum (small) on the positive (negative) side in STEP1 described above.
After the peak value is extracted, the minimum (large) peak value on the negative (positive) side is extracted in STEP2. Therefore,
In this case, the sign of the peak value in STEP2 is opposite to that in STEP1, and is the same as that in STEP0. In S20 in FIG. 7, the positive / negative flag b = 0 (1) is set to STEP0 in this case.
Coincides with the flag MT = 0 (1) set in the step (1), and proceeds to S21 as described above.

However, in the same manner as described in the description of the “operation of the dub processing” in the “processing operation of STEP 1”, the waveform sometimes doubles, and after STEP 1, the waveform as shown in FIG. 14A or FIG. 14B is obtained. May be entered. In this case, ST
After the maximum peak value a ₀ on the positive side is extracted with EP1, the maximum peak value a ₁ again positive in STEP2 is extracted I dub. Therefore, in S20 of FIG. 7, the current positive / negative flag is b = 1.
And matches the flag MT = 0 set in STEP0. In this case, the process proceeds to S25 in FIG. 7, and the double processing (error processing) is performed. 14A and 14B, the peak hatched with a simple hatching is the peak hold signal p _{0 in} FIG. 14A or 14B generated from the peak hold circuit in the peak detection circuit 201 in FIG. , P ₁ , q _0, etc., and were not detected as peaks.

In S25, first, the doubling flag DUB is set to 1 (described later), and the process proceeds to S26, where it is determined whether or not the value of the current peak value c is larger than the previous peak value AMP (b) of the same sign.

Now, in the FIG. _{14A, STEP0 (t = t 0)} , STEP1 (t
= T ₁ ), when STEP 2 is executed at t = t ₂ , c = a ₁ > AMP (b) = AMP (1) = a ₀ does not hold. That is, the determination result of S26 in FIG. 7 is NO. In such cases, the maximum peak value a ₁ of this ignores a funny waveform (areas in a cross hatched hatch in the figure),
The STEP returns to the processing of M2 in the main routine of FIG. 4 without updating, and waits for the next normal peak to be input. At t = t _3, by the minimum peak value c = b ₁ is inputted, S20 of FIG. 7 becomes YES, and as in the case of Figure 12, the S21 → S22 → S23 → S24 Processing is performed and the 14th
In t = t ₃ A Figure proceeds to the process in next STEP3. In addition, in FIG.
The previous cycle data TP (0) set in S24 is
As shown in Figure 4A, the current zero-crossing time t _3, STEP0
Made to the difference between the previous zero-crossing time t _0, which is set in. The starting point of the next periodic data Tx calculated in STEP 3 to be described later is a cross hatched peak (c = a ₁ ) as shown in FIG.
Previous zero crossing time TFN set in EP1 (1)
= Is t _1.

On the other hand, in the case of FIG. 14B, c = a ₁ > AMP
(B) = AMP (1) = a ₀ holds. That is, S26 in FIG.
Is YES. In such a case, the last STE
Towards the maximum peak value a ₀ extracted with P1 ignored as strange waveform (areas in a cross hatched hatch in the figure), ST
Previous zero-cross time data T set in EP1
The contents of FN (1) and the previous peak value AMP (1) on the positive side are changed by replacing the current zero-cross time t and the current peak value c with S29 in FIG. That is, in the example of FIG. 14B, TFN (1) = t = t ₂ , AMP
(1) = c = a ₀ After the dubbing process, the STEP returns to the process of M2 in the main routine of FIG. 4 without updating, and waits for the next normal peak value to be input. Hereinafter, processing after minimum peak value c = b ₁ is inputted in t = t ₃ is the same as that of the first 14A FIG. However, the peak extracted in STEP 1 (the peak c = a ₀ hatched by the cross hatching in FIG. 14B) is ignored, and the peak is changed to c = a ₁ , so that it is calculated in STEP 3 described later. TP
(0) of the origin of the next period data T _y is the last zero crossing time TFN set in the doubling process STEP2
(1) = t ₂ , which is different from the case of FIG. 14A.

As described above, when the waveform is doubled as shown in FIG. 14A or FIG. 14B, the peak having the smaller peak value is ignored as a strange waveform, and error processing is performed.

Next, a description will be given of the branch of S22 in FIG. 7 for the other case of the doubling processing.

Now, when the processing of STEP 2 in FIG. 7 is executed, the normal waveform obtained by picking the strings attenuates smoothly and naturally, so that the value of the current peak value is equal to the value of the previous peak value AMP (b) of the same sign in S22. The value becomes greater than 7/8, the determination in S22 is YES, and the process proceeds to the next S23.

However, in some cases, c> (7/8) × AMP (b) may not be satisfied. In the first case, for example, when a string is picked near a bridge, the amplitude of the peak immediately after the rise and the amplitude of the next peak may be extremely changed. In such a case, the waveform may not be a normal but smooth attenuation waveform, and the determination result in S22 may be NO. However, even in such a case, the processing of S24 in FIG. 7 needs to be performed normally.
In this case, since the waveform is normal, the above-mentioned double does not occur, and before that, S20 in FIG.
, The value of the double flag DUB remains 0. Therefore, in S27 of FIG. 7, DUB =
If 1 is not established, regardless of the determination result of S22,
Returning again to the processing of S24, the processing described in the section of “Basic operation” is performed. In addition, the double flag DUB is the same as S in FIG.
In the process of S04 of TEP0, the value is initialized to 0.

On the other hand, as a second case where S22 in FIG. 7 is not satisfied,
The above-mentioned doubles may occur in the waveform. This case will be described below with reference to FIG. 14C.

Now, in the same manner as described in Section 14B view, as shown in 14C _{view, STEP0 (t = t 0)} , after treatment STEP1 (t = t _1), said doubling processing at t = t ₂ is performed, the peak of c = a ₀ (peak subjected to cross-hatched hatch in the figure) is removed, and c = a ₁ peak (peak hatched vertical bars in the figure) is left . It should be noted that the peak (c = a ₁ ) hatched by a simple oblique line is a peak that is not originally detected, as in FIG. 14A or FIG. 14B.

When doubling as described above occurs, the positive and negative flags as in the next t = t ₃ shown in 14C diagram for the b = 0, coincides with the flag MT = 0 which is set in STEP0. Therefore, the process proceeds from S20 to S22 through S21 in FIG.
However, the minimum peak value c = b ₁ of this detected at t = t _3, the waveform is considerably away from the previous minimum peak value AMP (0) of = b ₀ with the same sign for the mapped twice, greater attenuation . Therefore, as shown in FIG. 14C, the determination result in S22 in FIG. 7 may be NO.

If as described above, because a duplication process in earlier t = t _2, the value of Daburifuragu DUB is 1. Therefore, the determination result of S27 in FIG. 7 is NO, and S28
Then, the process proceeds to S29 (to be described later).

In S29, the 14C view of t = to redo the acquired newly processed normal waveform t ₃ after, set in STEP0 the previous zero-crossing time data TFN (0),
Then, the content of the previous peak value AMP (0) on the negative side is changed by replacing the current zero crossing time t and the current peak value c with S29 in FIG. That is, in the example of FIG. 14C,
As shown in the figure, TFN (0) = t = t ₃ , AMP (0) = c =
b _1, and the end, the peak subjected to horizontal hatch in FIG (c = b ₀₎ are ignored. In addition, for the following processing,
The double flag DUB is reset to 0 in S28 of FIG.
After these operations, the process returns to M2 of the main routine in FIG. 4 without updating the value of STEP, and waits for the input of the next peak.

Then, in the above case, t = t ₄ , as shown in FIG. 14C,
In t = t _5, after the STEP2 of Figure 7 was repeated, STE
Move to P3. Since there are various patterns for such a repetition operation of STEP2, a detailed description thereof will be omitted, but a normal waveform can be obtained as a whole flow, and data TFN to be used in the next STEP3 is obtained.
After operating such that (0), AMP (0), TFN (1), and AMP (1) are effectively determined, the process proceeds to STEP3.
In the first 14C view of a _{case, TP (0) = t 5} -t 3, the next starting point of the period data T ₂ calculated in the later-described STEP3 becomes TFN (1) = t _4.

(Processing Operation of STEP3) Next, FIG. 8 is an operation flowchart of the processing of Step 3 (STEP3) shown as M8 in the main routine of FIG. In this process, note-on (start of sound generation)
Processing, extraction of a pitch cycle for setting a pitch at the time of note-on, calculation of velocity, transition processing to STEP 4, error processing when a strange waveform is input, and the like are performed. In addition,
As a process particularly related to the present invention, in S301, the first
The processing of setting the value 1.0 to the latch 11 in the figure is performed.

<< Basic Operation >> First, after the processing in STEP3 is performed, in the main routine of FIG. 4, the pitch extraction digital circuit 2 (FIG. 1) is repeated by repeating a loop of M2 → M10 → M11 → M2.
Again, and waits for the next data to be input to the registers T0, C, and B.

Then, when data is input and the contents of the above registers are read via M2 to M3 in FIG. 4, M8, M8,
That is, the process proceeds to STEP 3 in FIG. In this state, for example, as shown in FIG. 12, the current zero-cross time t = t ₃ ,
This negative flag b = 1, this peak value is c = a ₁ a maximum peak value from b = 1.

First, after going through S30, S31 and S32 in FIG. 8 (described later), a volume parameter VEL is calculated in S33. now,
As described in the “Basic operation” section of the “processing operation of STEP2”, in S24 of FIG. 7, the past three peak values, in the example of FIG. 12, b ₀ , a ₀ , and b ₁ The largest value among the values (absolute values) is stored in the velocity VEL. Therefore, in S33 of FIG. 8, the larger one of the velocity VEL and the current peak value c is determined, and this is determined.
(Any one of # 1 to #n) (FIG. 1) is a new volume parameter VEL for generating a musical tone. In the example of FIG. 12, VEL = max [a ₀ , a ₁ ] = a from VEL = a ₀ and c = a ₁
It becomes ₀ .

After the above operation, at S33 in FIG.
Then, in S34, the pitch cycle is detected by calculating {(current zero-cross time t)-(previous zero-cross time data TFN (b)) of the same sign}, and the previous cycle data is calculated. Set as TP (b). No.
In the example of Figure 12, as shown in FIG TP (1) = t ₃ becomes -t _1.

Subsequently, after S35 to S38 in FIG. 8 (described later), S3
In 9, the previous cycle data TP (b) obtained in S34 above
And the TP set in S24 of FIG.
It is determined whether or not the previous cycle data TP () having a different polarity from (b) is substantially the same. And the judgment result is
If YES, it is determined that the pitch cycle has started to be stably extracted, and after S301 (described later), a note-on process is performed in S302. In the example of Figure 12, the previous period data TP (1) of the negative side = t ₃ -t ₁ and the positive of the previous period data TP
It is determined that (0) = t ₂ −t ₀ is substantially the same, and the processing shifts to note-on processing. The case where the determination result is NO will be described later.

In S302, the volume parameter VEL calculated in S33 of FIG. 8 and the previous pitch cycle TP (b) extracted in S34
, Corresponding volume information and pitch information are generated and output to the tone generator 5 (corresponding one of # 1 to #n) via the MIDI-BUS and the interface MIDI in FIG. . Then, in the circuit 5, a musical tone having a volume and a pitch corresponding to each of the information is generated in real time. As described above, in the present embodiment, note-on is performed in about 1.5 cycles after the rise of the waveform as shown at t = t ₃ in FIG. 12, so that the musical tone that closely follows the vibration waveform of the string is produced. Can be.

Along with the above note-on process, in S301, as a process particularly related to the present invention, the value 1.
A process of setting 0 is performed. As a result of this processing, as described with reference to FIG. 11 in the section entitled “Schematic Operation of the Embodiment”, the envelope portion of the tone signal output from the multiplier 6 in FIG. As the characteristic, the characteristic of the synth envelope added by the envelope generating circuit ENV of the musical sound generating circuit 5 is preserved as it is, and a musical tone having the characteristic that the characteristic of the synth sound from the musical sound generating circuit 5 is well preserved is generated.

Further, in S38 and S301 of FIG. 8, after setting the parameters used in the next STEP 4, the process returns to M2 of the main routine of FIG.
Move to EP4. That is, in S38, the previous cycle data TP (b) extracted in S34 is replaced with the cycle data TT extracted last time.
It is set as P, and in S301, S24 of STEP2 of FIG.
Is set in the time storage register TFR, and the current zero-cross time data t is set as the previous zero-cross time data TF that has become valid, and the waveform number counter HNC is set to 0.
Is cleared, the value of the register STEP is updated to 4, the note-on flag ONF is set to 2 (sound generation state), and the constant T
TU is set to 0 (minimum MIN), constant TTW is set to maximum MAX, and the previous amplitude value AMRL1 for the relative off check is cleared to 0. Each of these parameters will be described later in STEP4.

<< Operation when cycle is inappropriate >> In S34 of FIG. 8, the previous cycle data TP (b)
Is detected, this pitch period has a value greater than the period when the corresponding string is played at the highest fret,
It should have a value less than the open string period of the string.

Therefore, as a constant called the frequency upper limit THLIM, the pitch determined by the highest note fret of the string currently being processed is 2-3.
Set a pitch period on a semitone, and as a constant called frequency lower limit TTLIM, set a pitch period about 5 semitones lower than the pitch determined in the open string state of the same string, and in S36 and S37 in FIG.
It is determined whether the previous cycle data TP (b) obtained in S34 is larger than THLIM and smaller than TTLIM. If both the determination results are YES, the process proceeds to S39 and performs the above-described cycle determination process.

Here, if the determination results in S36 and S37 are NO, the previous cycle data TP (b) extracted in S34 is not an appropriate value. Therefore, in such a case, the process returns from S36 or S37 to the process of M2 in the main routine of FIG. 4, and STEP3 is repeated.

Next, in S39 of FIG. 8, the previous cycle data TP (b) obtained in S34 and the previous cycle data TP
If () is a value apart from (), there is a high possibility that an overtone or the like has been extracted and a correct pitch cycle has been erroneously extracted, and the pitch cycle has not been stably extracted.
Accordingly, in such a case, the determination result in S39 is NO, and the process returns to the process of M2 in the main routine of FIG. 4 and repeats STEP3.

Here, when STEP3 is repeated by the above operation, in a normal waveform, a peak newly detected via M2 and M3 in FIG. 4 has its polarity switched alternately and the value of b is 0 and 1, Alternatingly, the value of the flag MT is alternately changed in S33 of FIG.
(B) is newly calculated, and the contents of TFN (b) are also rewritten. Therefore, the determinations in S36 and S37 are made for the most recently obtained pitch cycle, and the determination in S39 is made for the most recently obtained pitch cycle and the immediately preceding (about half cycle) opposite polarity side. And the pitch period of
When the pitch period can be stably extracted, the processing shifts to the note-on processing.

Each time, at S33 in FIG. 8, the velocity V
The EL is updated to correspond to the newly detected peak.

<< Operation of Noise Removal Process >> The process of S31 in FIG. 8 is a process for coping with a case where noise occurs at the rising portion of the waveform. Now, as shown in FIG. 15, for example, when peaks a ₀ , b ₀ , a _{1, and the} like due to noise are detected in STEPs ₀ , ₁ , and ₂ , the periods of these noises are detected and the start of sound generation is instructed. Then, a strange sound is produced.

Therefore, in S31 of FIG. 8, when the continuous peak value greatly changes, it is determined that noise has occurred, the abnormality detection flag X is set to 1, and in S35, N
By making O determination, note-on is prevented from being performed based on the noise portion.

Specifically, if the value obtained by dividing the current peak value c by 1/8 is smaller than the previous peak value AMP (b) of the same sign, it is determined that the value is normal and X = 0, otherwise, X = 1 And If it is determined in step S35 that X is not 0, the process returns to step M2 of the main routine in FIG.
Repeat 3. In this case, since the previous peak value AMP (b) is sequentially updated in S32 of FIG. 8, the process in S31 is performed on the most recently detected peak value and the immediately preceding peak value of the same sign. When the continuous peak value does not change significantly, the processing shifts to the note-on processing. In the example of FIG. 15, both t = t ₃ and t = t ₄
Since X = 1 at S31, note-on is not performed, and t = t ₅
X = 0 becomes for the first time the normal peak is determined to have entered in, the note-on at t = t _5. In this case, the continuous pitch periods TP (b) and TP () have normal values.

<< Operation of Double Duty Processing >> The determination processing of S30 in FIG. 8 is a determination for double doubling processing. Now, when a normal waveform D1 such as Figure 12 is entered, the positive and negative flag b = 1 this at t = t _3, the
The flag MT does not match, and the process proceeds to S31 as described above.

However, as described in the description of the “processing operation of STEP 1” or “processing operation of STEP 2” in the section “Operation of double processing”, when the waveform is doubled, the determination result of S30 in FIG. NO.

If the peak value c of the doubled peak is smaller than the peak value AMP (b) immediately before the same sign,
When the determination result of S303 in FIG. 8 is NO, the double peak is ignored, and after returning to the process of M2 in FIG.
Repeat 3. This is based on the same concept as in FIG. 14A and the like.

On the other hand, when the peak value c of the doubled peak is larger, the determination result in S303 is YES, and the process proceeds to S304. Then, in S304, ignoring the immediately preceding peak, the content of AMP (b) is reset to the current peak value c, and the velocity VEL is recalculated using that value.
Returning to M2 in FIG. 4, STEP3 is repeated. This is based on the same concept as in FIG. 14B and the like.

After the above processing, when a normal peak is input, the determination result of S30 becomes YES, and further, S35, S36, S37
When the determination results in steps S39 and S39 are YES, the note-on process is performed, and the tone generation starts.

(Processing Operation of STEP 4) Next, FIG. 9A is an operation flowchart of the processing of Step 4 (STEP 4) shown as M9 in the main routine of FIG. In this processing, pitch extraction / change processing,
Envelope control processing, relative-on / relative-off processing, processing when the pitch period is inappropriate, and double processing, etc., directly related to the present invention are performed. First, in the pitch extraction / change process and the envelope data extraction process, there is a route for performing only pitch extraction, and a route for actually changing the pitch and extracting the envelope data. Usually, each time a new peak is input, Repeat alternately.

<< Route Operation >> First, the routes shown in S40, S41, S42, and S63 to S67 will be described. In S40, the waveform number counter HNC
> 3, and in the case of YES, the process proceeds to S41. In S41,
It is determined whether or not the relative-on threshold value TRLRL <(current peak value c−previous peak value AMP (b) of the same sign). If NO, the process proceeds to S42 (if YES, the process will be described later).

In S42, it is determined whether this time the positive / negative flag b = flag MT, that is, the pitch change side, and if YES, the process proceeds to S43.

By the way, in the initial state, the waveform number counter
Since HNC is 0 (see S301 in FIG. 8), NO is determined in S40 and the process proceeds to S42. For example, in the case of the waveform input as shown in FIG. 12, since b = 0 at t = t ₄ and MT = 1 (rewritten in S33 of STEP 3 in FIG. 8),
Proceed from S42 to S63.

In S63, it is determined whether or not the register RIV = 1 to check whether or not a peak having the same polarity is continuously inputted (whether the peak is doubled). If YES (if the peak is doubled) In step S68, the doubling process is performed (to be described later). In the case of NO (non-doubling), the process proceeds to S64, where the following process is performed.

That is, in S64, the current peak value c is changed to the previous peak value AMP.
(B), and the previous amplitude value AMRL1 is input to the amplitude value AMRL2 two times before for the purpose of the relative-off process (described later). At first, the content of AMRL1 is 0. (Eighth
(See S301 of STEP3 in the figure).

Further, in S64, the previous peak value AMP of the opposite sign
The larger value between () and the current peak value c is input to the previous amplitude value AMRL1. That is, the peak value of the larger value of the two positive and negative peak values in the cycle is set to the amplitude value AMRL1.

Then, in S65, it is determined whether or not the waveform Nanban-counter HNC> 8. Here, the waveform number counter (zero cross counter not on the pitch change side) HNC is incremented by one, and the count is increased. Therefore, the waveform number counter HNC
Has an upper limit of 9. Then, the process proceeds to S67 after the process of S65 or S66.

In S67, the register RIV is set to 1, the content of the time storage register TFR is subtracted from the current zero crossing time t, and the result is input to the period register TTR. This cycle register TTR
In the example of the figure, the period information TTR = t−TFR = t ₄ −t ₂ is shown. The current zero-crossing time t is stored in the time storage register TFR.
Then, the process returns to the process of M2 in the main routine of FIG.

As described above, the route is subjected to the following processing according to the example of FIG. That is, MT = 1 ≠ b, RIV =
0, AMP (0) ← c = b ₂ , AMRL2 ← AMRL1 = 0, AMRL1 ← ma
x {AMP (1) = a ₁ , c = b ₂ (whichever is greater)},
HNC ← {HNC + 1} = 1, RIV ← 1, TTR ← {t-TFR} =
{T ₄ −t ₂ }, and TFR ← t = t ₄ . Therefore, the previous zero-cross point of the same polarity t = t ₂ (STEP 2 → 3
The difference that is the variation time) of time information to the current zero cross point t = t _4, so that the cycle information is Motoma'. Then, the process returns to the process of M2 in the main routine of FIG. 4, and waits for the input of the next peak.

<< Route Operation >> Next, a description will be given of a case where the vehicle has proceeded to the route shown in S40 to S62. Now, since the waveform number counter HNC is 1, (S
66, and proceeds from S40 to S42 (S40 will be described later).

In S42, for example, in the case of FIG. 12, MT = 1, b =
Since it is 1, it becomes YES and proceeds to S43.

In S43, it is determined whether or not the register RIV = 1. Already on the route, the resist RIV is set to 1 (S
67)), so the determination in S43 is YES, and the process proceeds to S44. It should be noted that the dubbing process performed when the determination result of S43 is NO will be described later.

In S44, it is determined whether or not the register STEP = 4, and YES
In the case of, the process proceeds to S45 (the case of NO will be described later). In S45, it is determined whether or not the current peak value is c <60H (H indicates a hexadecimal notation). If a peak value having a large value is input, the determination result is NO, and the process proceeds to S47.
On the other hand, if the value is smaller than 60H, the result is YES and S4
Proceed to 6.

In S46, it is determined whether or not the amplitude value (peak value) AMRL2 of the previous time AMRL2−the previous amplitude value (peak value) AMRL1 ≦ (1/32) × the amplitude value (peak value) of the previous time AMRL2 (in the case of YES).
Proceeding to S47, the relative off counter FOFR is set to 0. In the case of NO, the process proceeds to S74 and the relative off process is performed. The relative off processing will be described later.

In S48, a cycle calculation is performed. Specifically, (the current zero-cross time t-the previous zero-cross time data TF) is set in the register TOTO as the current cycle information tt.
Then, the process proceeds to S49.

In S49, it is determined whether or not this cycle information tt> frequency upper limit THLIM (upper limit after the start of sound generation). If YES, the process proceeds to S50 (if NO, it will be described later). S49 frequency upper limit THLIM
Is the upper limit of the allowable frequency range at the time of triggering (at the start of sound generation) used in S36 of STEP 3 in FIG. 8 (therefore, the period is the minimum and corresponds to the pitch period two to three semitones above the highest note fret) Is the same as

Next, the following processing is performed in S50. That is, the register RIV is set to 0, the current zero-cross time t is input as the previous zero-cross time data TF, the previous peak value AMP (b) is input as the peak value e twice before, and the current peak value c is set as the previous peak value c. The peak value AMP (b) is input.

Then, after the process of S50, the process proceeds to S51, and in S51, it is determined whether or not the frequency lower limit TLLIM> the present cycle information tt, and YES
In other words, if the current cycle is equal to or less than the lower limit of the pitch extraction range during note-on, the process proceeds to S52. In this case, the lower frequency limit TLLIM is set, for example, one octave below the open string scale. That is, the lower frequency limit T of STEP3 in FIG.
The tolerance is wider than TLIM (see S37). By doing so, it becomes possible to cope with a frequency change due to operation of the tremolo arm or the like.

By the above operation, the process proceeds to S52 only when the upper and lower limits of the frequency fall within the allowable range. Otherwise, the process returns to M2 of the main routine of FIG. 4 from S49 and S51 and waits for the input of the next peak.

Next, in S52, the cycle data TTP is input to the cycle data h extracted two times before, and the current cycle information tt is input to the cycle data TTP extracted last time.

In S53 and S54, a two-wave ternary match condition is determined. In S53, the current cycle information tt × 2 ⁻⁷ > | current cycle information tt−previous cycle data h | is determined. In the case of YES, the process proceeds to S54, and in S54, the current cycle information tt × 2 ^{− 7} > | current cycle information tt-contents of cycle register TTR |, and if YES, the flow proceeds to S55. That is, in S53, in the example of Figure 12, the current cycle information tt = t ₅ -t ₃ (see S48) is the value of the previous period data _{h = TTP = t 3 -t 1} ( see S52) It is determined whether or not they substantially match, and in S54, the current cycle information tt = t ₅
-T ₃ determines whether substantially coincides with the period TTR = t ₄ -t ₂ overlapping therewith (see S67). The limit range is
As 2 ^-7 · tt, the value changes depending on the period information. Of course, this may be a fixed value, but better results can be obtained with the technique of this embodiment.

In S55, an envelope control process is performed. This part is the most characteristic processing of the present embodiment. Hereinafter, the processing of this portion will be described with reference to FIGS. 9B and 9C.

FIG. 9C is an operation flowchart of the envelope control process in FIG. 9A S55. First, it is determined whether the flag S is 1 in S551. Now, the flag S is set to STEP0 in FIG.
Since it has been reset to 0 in S04
O, so no processing is performed in FIG. 9S55. Each time the processing of the route of S40 to S62 in FIG. 9A is repeated and the processing of S55 is repeated, the flag S
The above state continues as long as the value of is zero. This meaning will be described later.

Here, the route of FIG. 9A and the route processing (S55
Independently from the above, the MCP3 in FIG. 1 is provided with an interrupt signal IN by one of the tone generators 5 (# 1 to #n).
It monitors whether T 'is input. When the envelope of the tone signal output from any of the tone generators 5 in FIG. 1 reaches the sustain point SP as shown in FIG. 11 (a) as described above, the corresponding envelope generator ENV to MCP3. , An interrupt signal INV 'is output.

When this signal INV 'is detected by the MCP3, the MCP3 interrupts the currently executing route or the route shown in FIG. 9A and executes the envelope interrupt processing routine shown in FIG. 9B. First, at I1 'in FIG. 9B, the average value of the current peak value and the previous peak value is calculated, and the envelope data initial value is calculated.
GENV0. That is, GENV0 = ｛AMP (0) + AMP
(1)｝ / 2 is calculated. GENV0 will be described later.
Next, the flag S is set to 1 at I2 'in FIG. 9B.

When the above-described envelope interrupt processing is completed, the processing of the route or the route in FIG. 9A whose execution has been interrupted is resumed again.

As a result, the process of S55 in FIG. 9A is performed, and S551 in FIG. 9C is performed.
Is executed again, the flag S is 1 at this point, so the determination in S551 is YES.

As a result, in S552, the average value of the current peak value and the previous peak value is calculated, and the envelope data GENV
It is said. That is, GENV = {AMP (0) + AMP (1)}
/ 2 is calculated.

Then, in S553, the envelope data GENV
The ratio GENV / GENV0 of the envelope data initial value GENV0 calculated by the interrupt processing routine of FIG. 9B is calculated. The MCP 3 in FIG. 1 sets the value calculated in this manner in the latch 11 corresponding to the tone generating circuit 5 where the above-mentioned interrupt signal INV 'has been generated.

The processing of FIG. 9C is executed each time the processing of the route of S40 to S62 in FIG. 9A is repeated and the processing of S55 is repeated. As a result, the ratio of the newly calculated envelope data GENV to GENV0 is calculated. Are calculated, and the latch 11
Latched.

As described above, the tone generation operation proceeds by repeating the processing of the route and the route in FIG. 9A. In this state, the generation of the envelope generation circuit ENV in the tone generation circuit 5 in FIG. In the attack portion of the musical tone until the envelope data reaches the sustain point SP in FIG. 11A, no processing is performed in S55 in FIG. 9A. In this case, the corresponding latch 11 of FIG.
Are kept set to the value of 1.0 in S301 of STEP3 in FIG. Therefore, in the attack portion at the start of sound generation, the envelope characteristic of each tone signal output from the corresponding multiplier 6 in FIG.
As shown in the first half, the synth envelope of FIG. As a result, the corresponding multiplier 6 shown in FIG. 1 produces a tone in which the characteristics of the synth tone from the tone generator 5 are well preserved in an attack portion near the start of tone generation.

Next, during the tone generation operation by repeating the route of FIG. 9A and the route, the envelope data generated by the envelope generation circuit ENV in the tone generation circuit 5 of FIG. When the sustain point SP is reached, each time the processing of S55 in FIG. 9A is executed, a multiplication value GENV / GENV0 with the initial value of the sustain point SP being GENV0 is calculated and sequentially set in the latch 11. Therefore, after the sustain point SP, the input of the corresponding multiplier 6 in FIG. 1 changes as shown in FIG.
The envelope characteristics of the tone signal output from the
As shown in the latter half of FIG. 11 (d), the characteristic (GENV / GENV0) of the string envelope of FIG. 11 (b) is added.

Therefore, for example, even in the case where the player performs a mute playing method for forcibly stopping the string vibration after performing the string picking operation, the synth sound from the tone generator 5 in FIG. Is well preserved,
Thereafter, as the envelope of the digital output D1 (string vibration) abruptly attenuates based on the mute playing technique, the envelope characteristic of the string vibration is converted into a tone signal emitted from the multiplier 6 after passing through the sustain point SP. Well reflected,
A performance effect by a mute playing technique or the like is easily added.

Next, returning to FIG. 9A, in S56, the no-change level NCH
It is determined whether LV> (peak value e−previous peak value c−current peak value c), and in the case of YES, the process proceeds to S57. That is, if the previous peak value of the same polarity (e = AMP (b)) and the current peak value c are largely changed, the difference exceeds NCHLV. If the pitch is changed based on the obtained period information, it is highly likely that the pitch will change unnaturally. Therefore, if a NO determination is made in S56, the fourth step is performed without performing the processing in S57 and thereafter.
The process returns to the process of M2 in the main routine in the figure, and waits for the input of the next peak.

Next, in the case of YES in S56, the relative off counter FO
It is determined whether FR = 0. When the relative off processing described later is being performed, the relative off counter FOFR is not 0, and in such a case, the pitch is changed (S6).
Without performing the processing of (1), a NO determination is made in S57, and the process returns to the processing of M2 in the main routine of FIG.
Then, when a determination of YES is made in S57, the process proceeds to S58.

In the next S58, it is determined whether or not this cycle information tt> constant TTU. If YES, the process proceeds to S59, where the current cycle information tt
It is determined whether tt <constant TTW. If YES, the process proceeds to S60. Note that the case where the determination is NO in S58 and S59 will be described later.

In S60, it is determined whether or not the register STEP = 4, and in the case of YES, the process proceeds to S61.

In S61, the tone generator 5 (# 1 to MCP3) shown in FIG.
Change pitch to any of #n (current cycle information tt)
Is performed, and the process proceeds to S62.

In S62, the time constant is changed in accordance with the current cycle information tt, and the constant TTU is rewritten to (17/32) × current cycle information tt, and furthermore, the constant TTW is (31/16) × current cycle Rewritten with information tt.

Also, as will be described later, only when the relative off process is performed, STEP = 5. In this case, the process directly proceeds from S60 to S62 without changing the pitch in S61.
The time constant is changed in S62.

The process of the time constant change means that the MCP3 in FIG. 1 sets the cycle data based on the value of the current cycle information tt in the time constant conversion register CHTRR in the time constant conversion control circuit 202 in FIG. . This is as already described in the section "Detailed operation" of the "Operation of the pitch extraction digital circuit".

Then, upon completion of the process in S62, the process returns to the process of M2 in the main routine of FIG.

As described above, in the route, the following processing is performed in the example of FIG. That is, HNC = 1, MT = 1 = b, RIV =
1 is determined, FOFR ← 0, tt ← t-TF = t ₅ −t ₃ , RIV ←
0, TF ← t = t ₅ , e ← AMP (1) = a ₁ , AMP (1) ← c =
a ₂ , h ← TTP = TP (1) = t ₃ −t ₁ , and TTP ← tt = t ₅ −t ₃ . Further, the pitch is changed according to tt when the three conditions of TTP ≒ TTR ≒ tt, TTU <tt <TTW, and AMP (0) -c <NCHLV are satisfied. Thereafter, TTU ← (17/32) × tt and TTW ← (31/16) × tt are set.

By the above operation, in the route, the pitch change for the actual tone generation circuit 5 (any of # 1 to #n) and the multiplier 6 (# 1 to
#N), the envelope control is performed.
Route processing is performed in the subsequent zero cross interrupt (detection of the next peak), and similarly, route processing is performed in the subsequent zero cross interrupt. In this way, on the route, the period is simply extracted (see S67), and on the route, the actual pitch change (see S61), envelope control (see S55), and time constant change processing (S62)
Reference).

<< Relative ON processing operation >> After the waveform number counter HNC is counted up to exceed 3 in the route S66 in STEP4 of FIG. 9A, a determination of YES is made in S40, and then the process goes to S41, where the relative Detect the ON condition.

This is because c-AMP (b)> TRLRL, and the current peak value c is smaller than the previous peak value AMP (b) by the threshold value TRLRL.
When the number exceeds the limit, that is, when the same string is picked again after string manipulation (such as by tremolo playing), such a case occurs. In this case, the determination result in S41 becomes YES, and the relative on process is performed. From S41 to do
Proceed to S78.

In S78, the period CHTIM of the highest tone fret (for example, 22th fret) is set in the time constant conversion register CHTRR of the time constant conversion control circuit 202 (FIG. 2).

After the above processing, the process proceeds to S06 of STEP0 in FIG. 5, and after note-off of the musical tone being sounded, re-sounding is started. According to the normal performance operation, in S41 of STEP 4 in FIG. 9A,
If the determination is NO, the process proceeds to S42 and proceeds to the above-described route or route.

<< Relative Off Processing Operation >> Next, the relative off processing will be described with reference to FIG. Relative off means that a silencing operation is performed in accordance with an operation of shifting from a state in which the fret operation is being performed to an open string state without picking.

In this case, the amplitude level of the waveform drops sharply, and the difference between the peak value (peak value) AMRL2 of the previous two times and the previous peak value (peak value) AMRL1 exceeds (1/32) · AMRL2, The process proceeds from S46 of STEP4 in FIG. 9A to S74.

Then, the process proceeds from S74 to S75 so as to count up until the relative off counter FOFR exceeds the constant ROFCT.

Subsequently, the process proceeds from S75 to S48 and performs the processing of S49 to S57. However, since FOFR is not 0, the determination result of S57 is NO,
Immediately before entering the relative off process, the process returns to the process of M2 in the main routine of FIG. 4 without changing the pitch.

In the above route, the envelope control process of S55 is performed. Thus, even when the envelope of the digital output D1 is rapidly attenuated during relative off, after passing through the sustain point SP (see FIG. 11 (a)), the multiplied value GENV / GENV0 based on the envelope is obtained. Is latched by the corresponding latch 11 in FIG. 1 and the envelope control of the tone is performed by the multiplier 6 in FIG. 1 based on the latched value, whereby the envelope change is added to the tone according to the relative off. can do.

And the peak at the time of relative off enters one after another,
When NO is determined in S74, that is, in the example of FIG. 16, when the value of FOFR becomes 3 (ROFCT is 2), S74 to S76
Move to.

However, if YES is determined at least once in S46, S4
The process proceeds from S6 to S47 and operates to reset FOFR.
Therefore, unless the condition of S46 is satisfied continuously for the number of times specified by ROFCT, the relative off processing is not performed.
If the value of ROFCT is set to a large value for a string having a high pitch, the relative off process can be performed for any of the strings after a lapse of a substantially constant time.

Next, when going from S74 to S76, the relative off counter
The FOFR is reset, the register STEP is set to 5, and the flow advances to S77 to instruct the tone generation circuit 5 (any one of # 1 to #n) to turn off the note. Along with this processing, the flag S is reset to 0 in S78.

When the state of this STEP is 5, the pitch extraction processing is executed in the same manner as in STEP 4, but the processing of S6 is performed without going through S60 to S61.
Since the process proceeds to step 2, the tone change circuit 5 is not instructed to change the pitch. However, the time constant changing process is performed according to the cycle extracted in S62. Since the flag S is set to 0, the determination in S551 in FIG. 9C is NO in the envelope control processing in S55 in FIG. 9A. As a result, the value written immediately before the note-off is latched in the corresponding latch 11 in FIG. 1, and the input of the corresponding multiplier 6 is constant as in the last part of FIG. 11 (c). Value. Therefore, the envelope characteristic of the tone signal output from the corresponding multiplier 6 is such that the envelope of the tone signal output from the corresponding tone generating circuit 5 is reduced.

In the state of STEP 5, the process of relative on is accepted (S41, S78), but in other cases, it is detected that the vibration level has decreased in the main routine of FIG. As a result, the STEP becomes 0 at M14, and returns to the initial state.

Note that AMRL1 and AMRL2 used in S46 are made in S64, and the peak having the higher level (one of the maximum peak and the minimum peak) in one cycle is set to this value. This is a case where the maximum peak ak in the figure is always larger than the maximum peak bk-1, where an + 1 and an + 2, an + 2 and an +
3. The difference between an + 3 and an + 4 exceeds a predetermined value.

In this case, in the route processing, since the minimum peaks bn + 1, bn + 2, bn + 3 are extremely reduced, a NO determination is made in S54, and the process returns to the processing of M2 in the main routine of FIG. No change is made.

<< Processing operation when pitch period is inappropriate >> Next, when the pitch period is inappropriate, that is, when the pitch is extracted, harmonics having an octave relationship in S58 or S59, that is, a period higher or lower than the octave, is generated. Next, the processing when the detection is performed will be described.

Now, the constant TTU of S58 in STEP4 of FIG.
In step S301, the minimum value is set to 0, and the constant TTW is also set to the maximum value MAX. When the flow passes for the first time, YES is always determined in steps S58 and S59. The constant TTU is set to (17/32) tt (period information of almost one octave treble), and the constant TTW is similarly set to S62.
At (31/16) tt (almost one octave bass period information)
Is set.

Therefore, if the octave rises rapidly (this is
Change the pitch when the mute playing method is used to stop the vibration of the vibrating string with a finger), or when the octave goes down (this occurs when the waveform peak is missed). Then, since it becomes unnatural, branching is performed so as not to change the pitch.

That is, when tt does not exceed TTU in S58, that is,
When the value becomes smaller than the value TTU obtained by multiplying the previously extracted cycle by 17/32, the process proceeds to S76. In other words, when an octave higher sound is extracted, it is considered that a mute operation has been performed, and the process goes from S58 to S76 without outputting an octave higher sound, and the sound is generated by the processing of S76 and S77 as in the case of the relative off. Is stopped, and the flag S is returned to 0 in S78.

In S59, when tt does not exceed TTW, that is, when ttW is larger than the value 31/16 times the previously extracted cycle, TTW, the process proceeds to S60 without proceeding to S60.
Return to the processing of.

This state is shown in FIG. Usually, when the waveform is very small near the note-off, the waveform picks up due to crosstalk of the hexa pickup and resonance of the body due to other picking. Then, for example, the input waveform becomes as shown in FIG. 17, and an input waveform one octave lower may be continuously detected.

In such a case, if no processing is performed, a sound immediately below the octave is output, which is extremely unnatural. Therefore, even if Tan + 2 ≒ Tan + 3 ≒ Tbn + 2 is detected in S56 and S57, since Tan + 3> Tan + 1 × (31/16), the process proceeds from S59 to the processing of M2 in the main routine of FIG. 4 without changing the pitch. Return.

<< Operation of Dubbing Process >> Next, a process in a case where a waveform is extracted by dubbing, that is, a case where peaks having the same polarity are continuously detected will be described.

First, in the route in which the determination result in S42 of STEP4 in FIG. 9A is NO, if YES in S63, the process proceeds to S68 and the dubbing process is performed.

That is, if YES in S63, the process proceeds to S68, where the current peak value c
> It is determined whether or not it is the previous peak value AMP (b) of the same sign, and if YES, the process proceeds to S69.

In S69, the current peak value c is replaced by the previous peak value AMP (b)
Is rewritten, and the process proceeds to S70.

In S70, current peak value c> previous amplitude value (peak value) A
It is determined whether or not it is MRL1, and if YES, the process proceeds to S71, where the current peak value c is set to the previous amplitude value (peak value) AMRL1
It is said.

As soon as NO is determined in S68, the process returns to the process of M2 in the main routine of FIG. Therefore, only when the peak of the new input waveform is large, it is considered that the peak of the overtone is not spread, and the peak value of the new waveform is registered.

In addition, when the result of S70 is NO and when the processing of S71 ends, the process returns to the main routine in the same manner.

FIG. 18 shows an example of the above-described dubbing process. In this case, the state of MT = 0 is shown. In general, since the fundamental wave period and the period of the harmonic component are non-integer multiples, the phase of the harmonics shifts, and a zero cross of the same polarity is detected, so that an erroneous pitch change is not performed. I have to do it. In the case of the example shown in this figure, the state of “double” occurs where “double” is indicated. At this time, the process goes from S42 to S63, makes a determination of YES, and goes to S68. In this case, in S68, (an + 2) and (an +
Compare with 3), go to S69 only when (an + 3) is larger than (an + 2), and rewrite AMP (1). And
Further, the previous amplitude value (peak value) AMRL1 is compared with the current amplitude information (peak value c) in S70, and if YES, S7
Proceeding to 1, set the current peak value c as the previous amplitude value (peak value) AMRL1.

Next, in the route in which the determination result in S42 of STEP4 in FIG. 9A is YES, if the determination in the next S43 is NO, the process proceeds to S72, and the doubling process is performed in the same manner as described above.

That is, if NO in S43, the process proceeds to S72, where the current peak value c>
It is determined whether or not it is the previous peak value AMP (b) of the same sign. If YES, the process proceeds to S73, and after the previous peak value AMP (b) is rewritten to the current peak value c, the main routine of FIG. The process returns to the routine M2.

As soon as NO is determined in S72, the process returns to the process of M2 in the main routine of FIG. Therefore, in this case as well,
Only when the new input waveform has a large peak,
A new waveform peak value is registered.

FIG. 19 shows an example. In this example, a state where MT = 1 is shown. In this case, in the processing of STEP 4 at the time of zero cross which is written as double in the figure, go from S42 to S43, and in S43,
After the determination of YES, the process proceeds to S72. Where (an + 3) and (an +
The sizes of 2) are compared, and if (an + 3) is (an + 2)
If it is larger, a YES determination is made in S72, and AMP (1)
The value of (an + 3) is set, and if not, no change processing is performed.

By the way, in the case of the above-mentioned double processing, since the extracted time data is not used at all, the cycle information Tan + 3 does not change at all. Also, the pitch is not changed based on the cycle data.

<< Other Embodiments of the Present Invention >> As described above, in the present embodiment, the sustain point SP (see FIG. 11A) of the average value of the peak value at each timing and the previous peak value is used. ) Is multiplied by the tone signal as envelope data, whereby the envelope changes unnaturally due to peak value fluctuation (fluctuation) after the sustain point SP, and the positive peak and negative peak Although the level difference between the peaks is corrected, the present invention is not limited to this, and the peak value for each timing may be used as it is. In this case, in step S552 and the like in FIG. 9C, GENV ←
AMP (1) or GENV ← AMP (0) may be set. Further, a moving average of three or more peak values or an average having hysteresis may be obtained.

Although the sustain point SP was used as a boundary for reflecting the envelope of the digital output D1 in the tone signal, the control is not limited to this as long as the attack portion is preserved. May be used as the boundary.

The envelope control of the musical tone is performed by multiplying the musical tone signal output from the musical tone generating circuit 5 by using the multiplier 6, but the envelope data is input into the musical tone generating circuit 5, The circuit may be directly controlled. Further, the envelope multiplication can be adopted either by digital multiplication or by analog multiplication.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, an example is shown in which the present invention is applied to an electronic guitar that controls a tone by performing pitch extraction from a vibration waveform of a string. However, the present invention is not limited to such an example, and an envelope is extracted from an input waveform signal. Any type of electronic musical instrument may be used as long as it controls the musical tone, and is not limited to a type that extracts pitch from an input waveform signal.

Further, not only the envelope of the volume of the musical tone but also the envelope of the tone change may be controlled. In this case, the envelope of each spectral component may be extracted, and the level of each component may be variably controlled according to the envelope in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment.

〔The invention's effect〕

According to the present invention, when the tone signal is started to be generated by the tone generating means, the tone output from the tone generating circuit is output as it is in an attack portion until a predetermined timing (for example, a sustain point) is reached. The tone of which tone characteristics and the like are well preserved is generated, and after a predetermined timing, the envelope of the tone signal from the tone generator can be controlled so as to correspond to the envelope signal of the input waveform signal.

Therefore, for example, in an electronic guitar, even when the player performs a mute playing method for forcibly stopping the string vibration after performing the picking operation of the strings, the tone signal from the tone generating means (at the attack portion immediately after the start of sounding). Synth sound)
The tone of the input waveform signal is well preserved, and thereafter, the envelope characteristics of the input waveform signal are well reduced to the tone signal by the envelope control means after the passage of a predetermined timing, as the envelope of the input waveform signal is rapidly attenuated based on the mute playing technique. Thus, it is possible to easily add a performance effect by a mute playing technique or the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a pitch extraction digital circuit, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an operation flowchart of a pitch interrupt processing routine, and FIG. FIG. 5 shows an operation flowchart of STEP0, FIG. 6 shows an operation flowchart of STEP1, and FIG. 7 shows an operation flowchart of STEP2. FIG. 8, FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an operation flowchart of STEP3, FIG. 9A is a diagram showing an operation flowchart of STEP4 (5), FIG. 9B is a diagram showing an operation flowchart of an envelope interrupt processing routine, 9C is a diagram showing an operation flowchart of the envelope control process, FIG. 10 is a schematic operation explanatory diagram of the present embodiment, FIG. 11 is an operational explanatory diagram of the present embodiment, and FIG. An example FIGS. 13 (a) and 13 (b) are diagrams illustrating the operation of the doubling process in STEP1, FIGS. 14A, 14B, and 14C are diagrams illustrating the operation of the doubling process in STEP2, respectively. FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of the noise removal process in STEP 3, FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the relative off process in STEP 4, FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of the processing operation when the pitch cycle is inappropriate in STEP 4, and FIG. FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the doubling process on the route. FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the doubling process on the route. FIGS. 20 (a) and (b) are explanatory diagrams of the first conventional example. It is explanatory drawing of a 2nd conventional example. 1 ... Pitch extraction analog circuit, 2 ... Pitch extraction digital circuit, 3 ... Central control unit (MCP), 4 ... Address decoder, 5 ... Tone generation circuit, 6 ... Multiplier, 7 ...
... Adder, 8 ... D / A converter, 9 ... Amplifier, 10 ... Speaker, 11 ... Latch, D1 ... Digital output, GENV0 ...
… Initial value of envelope data, GENV …… Envelope data.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) G10H 1/00 G10H 1/057

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] An envelope extracting means for extracting an envelope signal of an input waveform signal, and a tone generator for generating a tone signal in response to a value of the envelope signal extracted by the envelope extracting means exceeding a predetermined level. Means for controlling the envelope of a tone signal generated by the tone generating means so as to correspond to the envelope signal extracted by the envelope extracting means after a predetermined timing has elapsed after the start of the tone signal generation. Means for producing a musical tone. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the envelope control means sets a value of the envelope signal extracted by the envelope extracting means when the predetermined timing elapses as a reference envelope value, and a value of the envelope signal sequentially extracted thereafter and the reference envelope value. 2. The tone generator according to claim 1, further comprising a multiplying means for multiplying the tone signal by a ratio of the tone signal. 3. The tone generator according to claim 1, further comprising an envelope generator for adding an envelope characteristic to the tone signal generated by the tone generator, wherein the predetermined timing is such that the envelope characteristic added by the envelope generator is a continuous characteristic. 3. The musical sound generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the timing is set to be the following timing.