JP2957895B2 - Automotive engine and its driving method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement of an engine, particularly for an automobile, in which a plug chamber is separately provided above a normal combustion chamber, and in particular, the air-fuel ratio of fuel directly ignited by a plug is 15:15. It is characterized in that the air-fuel ratio of the fuel to be exploded can be made larger than the above as well as about 1.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional engine, in particular, a gasoline fueled engine, for example, FIG. 2 (1), (2), (3),
As shown in (4), fuel mixed with gasoline and air is introduced into the combustion chamber 15 from the intake valve 13 at the upper part of the piston 12 and ignited by the spark plug 18 to move the piston 12 up and down to thereby operate the crankshaft. 16 was rotated. (1) is suction, (2) is compression, (3) is explosion, and (4) is an exhaust process. In the drawing, reference numeral 14 denotes an exhaust valve. The combustion chamber of these pistons is generally the space formed by the cylinder head when the piston is at the top. In the compression step, this is also compressed into the combustion chamber. Recently, as shown in FIG. 3, another extremely small sub-combustion chamber 15b is provided on the intake side of the head of the primary combustion chamber 15, and a relatively clean exhaust is produced by burning and exhausting using a lean mixture. However, they are also used in diesel engines and some petroleum engines, but have problems such as large fuel consumption, complicated combustion chamber structure, and large cooling loss. The same parts as those described above are denoted by the same reference numerals.

[0003]

Since the auxiliary combustion chamber according to the prior art described above is so small that it is full of plugs, it uses almost a small gap around the air supply valve. The gas burned in the chamber is injected into the main combustion chamber, atomized, mixed with the air in the main combustion chamber, and completely burned. Speed is limited. In such a sub-combustion chamber, since both the exhaust of the sub-combustion chamber and the exhaust of the main combustion chamber are performed by the exhaust pipe provided in the main combustion chamber,
Since it is necessary to switch the fuel with a large air-fuel ratio to the main combustion chamber and supply it while supplying the fuel with a low air-fuel ratio to the sub-combustion chamber, exhaust based on incomplete combustion cannot be avoided due to the balance between supply and exhaust. There is a problem that. An object of the present invention is to provide an automobile engine that solves such a problem. Instead of using the sub-combustion chamber as described above to burn the pre-combustion fuel, another configuration is used, and the air-fuel ratio of the main combustion fuel is made different from the air-fuel ratio of the pre-combustion combustion chamber. It is an object of the present invention to make the exhaust gas completely burned by preventing the occurrence of pollution by making the air-fuel ratio supplied to the chamber extremely large and increasing the amount of air.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an automobile engine which solves the above problems and a method of driving an engine using the same. Without using a secondary combustion chamber to
By making the plug chamber attachable and detachable, and by making the air-fuel ratio in the plug chamber different from the air-fuel ratio of the main combustion fuel, especially by making the air-fuel ratio supplied to the main combustion chamber extremely large, the exhaust gas It is intended to prevent the occurrence of pollution by completely burning the gas. That is, claim 1 of the present invention, in an engine having an upper portion as a combustion chamber and a lower portion as a piston, an intake valve connected to an engine carburetor at a shoulder portion of the combustion chamber, with a plug chamber installed at the upper center, An automobile engine comprising: an exhaust valve; and a plug provided at a central front end of the plug chamber; and an intake valve connected to an engine carburetor at a shoulder of the plug chamber; and an exhaust valve. is there. Claim 2 of the present invention is that the upper part is
In an engine with a firing chamber and a piston at the bottom,
A plug chamber is installed in the center of the engine, and an engine is mounted on the shoulder of the combustion chamber.
The intake valve connected to the carburetor and the exhaust valve
A plug at the center of the plug chamber.
Inlet connected to the engine carburetor at the shoulder of the lug chamber
For automobile engines equipped with valves and exhaust valves
And a fuel supply having an air-fuel ratio of 15: 1 is supplied to the plug chamber, a fuel having a higher air-fuel ratio is supplied to the combustion chamber, and the combustion in the plug chamber is induced by the combustion of the fuel in the combustion chamber. It is.

[0005] In the above manner, a relatively large plug combustion chamber is provided at the upper portion of the main combustion chamber so as to be detachable, and both the intake valve and the exhaust valve are provided with the plug combustion chamber separately from the main combustion chamber. Therefore, it is easy to arbitrarily adjust the air-fuel ratio of the fuel gas. For example, as a result, the air-fuel ratio of the plug chamber is set to 15: 1, and the air-fuel ratio of the combustion chamber is set to 20: 1, which is larger than that. The exhausted gas can be relatively clean.

[0006]

FIG. 1 shows an example of the structure of an automobile engine according to the present invention, which is an engine 1 made of an aluminum alloy casting or the like, comprising a piston 2, an intake valve 3 at an upper portion, and an exhaust valve 4. In the structure having the combustion chamber 5, an intake valve 6 and an exhaust valve 7 are provided on the left and right of the combustion chamber 5, and a plug chamber 9 in which a plug 8 is installed on the top is installed by screwing 10. . The screwing may be joined with a joining material or mechanically provided with a rotation preventing means so as not to be loosened by vibration.

In an engine having such a structure, it is of course necessary to mount the plug 8 insulated from the engine body. However, when a spark plug having a completed insulating structure is used, the material of the plug chamber is the same as the material of the combustion chamber. It is preferable to use those having the same thermal expansion properties. However, when the anode and the cathode of the plug are directly attached to the top of the plug chamber, it is preferable to insulate the plug from a ceramic material or the like. In particular, when the engine is a ceramic engine, the plug chamber may be made of the same ceramic.

[0008]

According to the present invention, since a plug chamber having a certain size is provided at the upper part of the combustion chamber, a fuel having an air-fuel ratio of 15: 1 is supplied to the plug chamber, and the combustion chamber is emptied more. Even if a fuel with a large fuel ratio, such as 20: 1, is supplied with much more air than fuel, the explosive combustion in the plug chamber induces combustion in the combustion chamber, and the lean fuel is effectively used to make effective use of the piston. Can be moved. The exhaust gas is almost completely burned waste gas, and the environment can be kept clean while saving fuel. Although the present invention can be applied to a diesel engine, it is only necessary to supply light oil into the plug chamber and supply diesel oil into the combustion chamber. If the explosive power of light oil is weak, gasoline may be used as the fuel in the plug chamber. Further, according to the present invention, since the piston in the cylinder is moved by the explosion in the plug chamber, the plug uses gasoline having a strong explosive power, and the fuel in the cylinder uses light oil other than gasoline, propane gas, natural gas, etc. It is also possible.

[0009]

According to the present invention, even if the air-fuel ratio in the plug chamber is normal as long as the extremely simple plug chamber is provided by screwing on the upper part of the combustion chamber of the cylinder, the fuel in the combustion chamber is The piston can be moved using much more air-rich fuel, so the exhaust gas is cleaner, and furthermore, gasoline with high explosive power is used as the fuel in the plug chamber, and light oil with low explosive power is used in the combustion chamber. By using fuel effectively, it is possible to achieve an engine capable of rotating a piston with almost complete combustion of exhaust gas with a relatively simple structure.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of a main part of an engine of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an operating state of a normal engine.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an example of a main part of a conventional engine with a sub-combustion chamber.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Engine 2 Piston 3 Intake valve 4 Exhaust valve 5 Combustion chamber 6 Intake valve 7 Exhaust valve 8 Plug 9 Plug chamber 12 Piston 13 Intake valve 14 Exhaust valve 15 Combustion chamber 16 Crankshaft 18 Plug

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) F02B 19/10 F01L 1/00 F02B 19/12 F02B 23/08

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. An engine having an upper part as a combustion chamber and a lower part as a piston, comprising a plug chamber at the center of the upper part, an intake valve connected to an engine carburetor at a shoulder of the combustion chamber, and an exhaust valve. Also, an automobile engine is provided with an intake valve connected to an engine carburetor and an exhaust valve provided on a shoulder at a center end of a plug chamber. 2. An upper part is a combustion chamber, and a lower part is a piston.
A plug chamber in the center of the upper part of the
An intake bar connected to the engine carburetor at the shoulder of the firing chamber
And the exhaust valve, and at the center of the plug chamber.
Plug at the end and carburetor for the engine at the shoulder
For automobiles equipped with an intake valve and an exhaust valve to be connected
In the engine, a fuel having an air-fuel ratio of 15: 1 is supplied to the plug chamber, and a fuel having a higher air-fuel ratio is supplied to the combustion chamber.
A method of driving an automobile engine in which combustion in a plug chamber is induced by combustion of fuel in a combustion chamber.