JP2949040B2 - Hammer for hammer crusher - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hammer used in a hammer crusher for crushing waste such as scrap car scrap and bulky waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, such a hammer crusher has a casing 51 having a repulsion plate 52 on the inner surface as shown in FIGS. The rotor main shaft 54 which rotates at high speed through the shaft is suspended. A plurality of rotor disks 55 are axially mounted on the rotor main shaft 54, and a hammer 56 is provided at a peripheral portion between the respective rotor disks 55, and a shaft hole 57 formed in the rotor disk and a mounting shaft formed in the hammer. It is swingably supported via a hammer mounting shaft 58 which is mounted through the hole 57a. And then the casing
When the waste is supplied from the supply port 60 of 51, the waste collides with the head of the hammer 56 rotating at high speed around the rotor main shaft 54, and is crushed and spattered.
It again collides with the repulsion plate 52 on the inner wall of 51 at high speed and receives an efficient crushing action.

[0003] Since the crushing of the waste is performed by the collision with the hammer 56 or the repulsion plate 52, the impact force applied to the hammer 56 is also very large, and the hammer mounting shaft 58 is bent when receiving an excessive impact force. The hammer 56 cannot be replaced because it has a bad effect due to deformation or partial deformation, or a crack occurs from the mounting shaft hole 57a of the hammer 56. The hammer 56 may be scattered, which may reduce the toughness and promote the occurrence of cracks due to impact, which may seriously affect the device.

[0004] In order to prevent the above-mentioned problems, it is general to examine the material and structure of the hammer 56 itself before use. For example, the material of the hammer 56 is made of a high manganese cast steel (SCMnH
11) is used. Since the cast steel has toughness, there is an advantage that cracking does not occur in the hammer mounting shaft hole 57a, but the life of the hammer 56 is extended under conditions where work hardening of the surface is difficult to proceed (small impact force, scratching conditions). Be shorter. In order to overcome this, the present applicant has previously described Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-68.
No. 717 and JP-A-4-4052 were proposed.

[0005]

By the way, the former is made of a low-alloy cast steel, and after quenching a one-piece hammer, the shaft mounting portion is tempered at high temperature to improve the toughness so as to withstand strong impact wear. However, since this material requires a different heat treatment for a single substance in a manufacturing process, there is a problem that it is very expensive to produce a large quantity of a constant quality. In the latter, the head and base of the hammer are made of a dissimilar material two-part engagement type, and the high impact received by the hammer is absorbed by the engagement portion to prevent damage to the hammer and the mounting shaft. The object has a problem in that the shape becomes complicated, and a small deformation of the engaging portion hinders one of the purposes of this type, such as replacement of the head.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is possible to prevent the occurrence of cracks in the hole of the hammer mounting shaft even when the hammer having high hardness and a single material and shape is used under high impact. It is an object of the present invention to provide a hammer for a hammer crusher that can be made and does not damage the mounting shaft.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a hammer crusher as described above, wherein the hammer body is made of a single material made of high-hardness low alloy cast steel or high chrome cast iron. At the same time, annular engaging recesses that are outwardly expanded are formed at both end edges of both sides of the hammer of the mounting shaft hole, and annular engaging protrusions that engage with the engaging recesses. With at least 2 in the axial direction
The split collars are fitted and mounted in the mounting shaft holes, respectively, and these collars are made of a high-manganese cast steel or a low-alloy cast steel material having higher toughness against impact than the hammer body. The joint inner end is fixed by welding.

[0008]

When the hammer body receives an excessive impact force due to the collision of the object to be crushed, the tough collar mounted on the mounting shaft hole absorbs the impact force with a slight deformation. Therefore, damage to the mounting shaft hole and the mounting shaft is almost eliminated, and cracking from the mounting portion of the hammer body is also eliminated.

[0009]

FIG. 1 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional side view of a main part of a hammer according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
(B) is a partially cutaway side view of the hammer body. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a hammer main body including a head 2 serving as a hitting portion and a base 3, which is made of a high-hardness low alloy cast steel. That is, the hammer main body 1 is composed of the components of the hammer described in JP-A-3-68717 (C 0.30 to 0.50%, Si 0.80 to 2.
50%, Mn 0.50-1.50%, Cr 1.0-2.0%, Mo
0.30 to 0.70%, V 0.05 to 0.20%, and the balance is composed of Fe and inevitable impurities). Heat treatment conditions (annealing: start heating → hold 950-1100 ℃ → furnace cooling,
Quenching: Start of heating → Maintain 850 to 1000 ° C → Oil cooling, low temperature tempering: Start of heating → Maintain ≤ 400 ° C (lower limit is about 150 ° C) → Air cooling) and the same mechanical properties (tensile strength of tensile test 132.7kgf) / mm ² , elongation 0.5%, drawing 0.4%: The impact value of the impact test is 0.87 (V) kgf · m / cm ² : The flexural test 3.7 mm, the maximum load 663 kgf) are almost the same. A mounting shaft hole 4 is formed in the base 3 of the hammer body 1. Annular engagement recesses 5 that are slightly widened outward are formed at both ends of the mounting shaft holes 4 on both surface sides of the hammer body 1.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 6 denotes a mounting shaft, and reference numeral 7 denotes a collar. The collar is made of high-manganese cast steel (JIS SCMnH11) having higher toughness against impact than the hammer body 1. The collar 7 is composed of cylindrical portions 7a and 7b divided into two parts in the axial direction, and engagement recesses formed at both end edges of the mounting shaft hole 4 of the hammer body 1 are provided on the outer surfaces of the outer ends of the respective portions. 5 is formed with an annular engaging projection 8. The collar 7 has two cylindrical portions 7a and 7a.
b is fitted into the mounting shaft hole 4 from both sides thereof, and the engaging projection 8 is engaged with the engaging concave portion 5 for mounting. Fixed.

When the crushed object collides with the hammer, a reaction force of the impact force is generated between the hammer mounting shaft 6 and the mounting shaft hole 4, but the mounting shaft hole 4 has high hardness and toughness. When the hammer body 1 is subjected to an excessive impact force, the collar 7 having a relatively low tensile force but a higher toughness than the hammer body 1 is interposed with respect to an impact. The impact force is absorbed by the surface contact receivers on the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the inner shaft 7 and the slight deformation of the collar 7, and damage to the mounting shaft hole 4 and the mounting shaft 6 (the generation of cracks from the corners of the mounting shaft hole 4 and the surface, mounting The occurrence of bending of the shaft 6 and partial deformation thereof can be prevented beforehand. In particular, the hammer scatter accident caused by the occurrence of cracks from the mounting portion of the hammer main body 1 is eliminated, and the efficient operation of the hammer crusher is enhanced.

In this embodiment, the hammer body 1 is made of high-hardness low-alloy cast steel and the collar 7 is made of high-manganese cast steel as described above. Alternatively, the hammer body 1 is made of high-chromium cast iron and the collar 7 is made of high-chromium cast iron. Made of high manganese cast steel (JIS SCM
nH11) or low alloy cast steel having toughness. The components, heat treatment, and mechanical properties of the hammer body 1 made of high chromium cast iron are as follows. In this embodiment, the same operation as in the above embodiment can be expected. Component: C 2.40~3.00% Si ≦ 1.00% Mn ≦ 1.20% P, S ≦ 0.05% Cr 23.0~28.0% Ni + Mo + V = 1 to 3% heat treatment: cast tensile force 490 N / mm ² Hardness (Hs) ≧ 65 Impact Value (n) ≧ 3 J / cm ² Further, in addition to the above-described embodiment, the material of the hammer body 1 may be ceramic or a high chromium wear-resistant white cast iron material such as that found in ASTM 532 classes 1-3, while the color The material 7 has a higher toughness compared to the material strength of the material of the hammer body 1, and it is possible to select a material that is hard to be broken by an impact. It goes without saying that you can do it.

FIGS. 3 to 6 show various modifications of the split-type collar. The components of the collar, the heat treatment conditions, and the mechanical properties in these modified examples are the same as those of the collar 7 described above. The collar 12 in FIG. 3 comprises a cylindrical intermediate part 13 divided into three parts and a pair of ring parts 14 and 15 fixed to both ends of the intermediate part. The outer surfaces of the ring portions 14 and 15 are formed with locking projections 16 and 17 having an outer diameter larger than that of the intermediate portion 13 and engaging with the locking recess 5. In the case of this collar 12, the intermediate part 13 is the mounting shaft hole 4
After fitting, the ring portions 14 and 15 are fitted from both sides thereof, and the engaging projections 16 and 17 are engaged with the engaging concave portions 5 and mounted. The openings at both ends of the portion 13 are fixed by welding.

The collar 20 shown in FIG. 4 has a half 2 in which the intermediate portion 13 is cut into two symmetrically in the axial direction at the center in the radial direction.
1, 22 and one half 21 of these half
, And the other half 22 is integrally fixed to the ring portion 24. On the outer surfaces of the ring portions 23, 24, locking projections 23, 24 that engage with the locking recesses 5 are formed. In the case of the collar 20, the half ring portion 23 and the half ring portion 24 are fitted into the mounting shaft hole 4 such that the half portions 21 and 22 are located upside down as shown in the figure. Part 23,
24 is engaged with the engaging recess 5 and then joined,
21 and half 22 are fixed by welding.

The collar 28 shown in FIG. 5 is a half-section 2 such that the intermediate section 13 is cut diagonally symmetrically from one side to the other side.
9, 30 and one half 29 of these half
, And the other half 30 is integrally fixed to the ring portion 32. Engagement projections 33 and 34 are formed on the outer surfaces of the ring portions 31 and 32 to engage with the engagement recesses 5. Also in the case of the collar 28, similarly, the half-ring portion 31 and the half-ring portion 32 are fitted into the mounting shaft hole 4 so as to be in the positions shown in the drawing, and the engagement projections 33 and 34 are formed. The half part 29 and the half part to be joined after being engaged with the engagement concave part 5 and mounted.
30 is fixed by welding.

The collar 36 in FIG. 6 corresponds to the intermediate part 13 of the embodiment in FIG.
Is integrally fixed to one ring part 15,
It comprises a ring portion 38 with an intermediate portion 37 and a ring portion 39.
On the outer surfaces of the ring portions 38 and 39, locking projections 40 and 41 that engage with the locking recess 5 are formed. In the case of the collar 36, since the intermediate portion 37 and the ring portion 38 are fixed in advance, the ring portion 38 with the intermediate portion 37 is fitted into the mounting shaft hole 4, and the locking convex portion is formed.
After the engagement of the ring 40 with the engagement recess 5, the one end opening of the intermediate portion 37 and the ring portion 39 are fixed by welding.

[0017]

According to the present invention, since the present invention is constructed as described above, a hammer made of a single material does not require different heat treatments depending on parts, unlike the prior art. Can be mass-produced, and the shape can be made simpler without complicating the shape as compared with the case where the base and the top of the hammer are made of different materials. Therefore, even when the hammer having a high hardness and a single material and shape is used under high impact, the occurrence of cracks in the hammer mounting shaft hole can be prevented, and the mounting shaft is not damaged. Furthermore, the collar mounted on the mounting shaft hole has an excellent effect that the engaging projections on both sides of the collar engage with the engaging recesses, so that the collar can be prevented from dropping out of the mounting shaft hole.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional side view of a main part of a hammer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2A is a front view of a hammer main body, and FIG. 2B is a partially cutaway side view of the hammer main body.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing a modification of a collar.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing a modification of a collar.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional side view showing a modification of a collar.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing a modification of a collar.

FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional front view of a conventional hammer crusher.

FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional side view taken along line AA of FIG. 7;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hammer main body 2 Head 3 Base 4 Mounting shaft hole 5 Engaging recess 6 Mounting shaft 7 Collar 7a Cylindrical part 7b Cylindrical part 8 Engaging convex part 9 Joining part

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A rotor disk is mounted on a rotor main shaft in a casing, a shaft hole is formed in a peripheral portion of the rotor disk, and a hammer mounting shaft penetrating the shaft hole and a mounting shaft hole formed in a hammer body. In the hammer crusher in which the hammer body is pivotably supported via the hammer body, the hammer body is made of a single material made of a high-hardness low alloy cast steel or a high chrome cast iron, and the hammer of the mounting shaft hole is formed of a single material. An annular engaging concave portion which is outwardly expanded is formed at both end edges on both surface sides, and has an annular engaging convex portion which engages with the engaging concave portion, and is divided into at least two in the axial direction. The collars are fitted and fitted in the mounting shaft holes, respectively, and these collars are made of high-manganese cast steel or low-alloy cast steel having higher toughness against impact than the hammer body. A hammer for a hammer crusher, the inner end of which is fixed by welding.