JP2946486B2 - Method and apparatus for manufacturing injection liquid for ground consolidation, and method and apparatus for injection of ground - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a suspension A (fine-grained suspension) containing a liquid having a small particle size and exhibiting high permeability, each containing a suspension containing particles for injection into the ground. ), And a suspension B exhibiting high compaction strength containing coarse particles
(Coarse-grain suspension) in a short time,
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing an infusion liquid for ground consolidation which is continuously classified and fractionated and used as an infusion liquid, and further selectively and continuously according to the condition of the ground into which the infusion liquid is to be injected. To a ground injection method and an injection device for rationally improving the entire ground by injecting into the ground.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When injecting a grout into a ground to consolidate the ground, a suspension grout or a permeation grout is generally known as the grout. Among them, the suspension type grout has high strength but low permeability, and the solution type grout has good permeability but low strength.

[0003] For this reason, when pouring a liquid into the ground to consolidate the ground, conventionally, a suspended grout is usually used for a coarse-grained soil layer or a soft layer in the ground having large voids. For the fine-grained soil layer in the ground, a solution-type infiltration grout with a long gelation time has been used.

On the other hand, in order to improve the permeability of the above-mentioned suspended grout as much as possible, it is conceivable to make the ground consolidating granules in the grout finer. Mold injection material has been used.

In this case, generally, the finer the particles are, the better the permeability is. However, if the particles are too fine, the apparent particle size is rather reduced due to aggregation of the particles. There is a problem that the size becomes large and the permeability deteriorates. In particular, when ultrafine particles are used as a suspension,
Aggregated particles several times larger than the original particles due to aggregation
Can also be done.

In addition, when a component (reactant) that reacts with the granules to form a gel is added to the aqueous suspension, fine particles become large in the initial stage due to aggregation or reaction. And sufficient permeability could not be obtained.

Therefore, in order to prepare a liquid containing small particles as a suspension, the granules and the deflocculant are stirred together,
A method has been proposed in which, after mixing and allowing the mixture to stand in a settling tank for a predetermined time to settle large particles, the supernatant is removed.

[0008]

According to this method, classification is carried out in the course of settling by stirring. However, not only is it time-consuming, but also the composition of the resulting suspension varies.
For this reason, when this is injected into the ground, the solidification property or the degree of improvement of the ground lacks certainty.

Further, in this method, in the case of granules having a relatively large specific gravity, such as cement and slag, most solids settle in the sedimentation tank. It is difficult to collect a supernatant liquid having a certain particle size distribution and solid concentration. Moreover, because this is natural settling,
It takes a relatively long time. That is, in the actual injection operation, the injection liquid must be continuously prepared according to the injection speed, but in the above-described method, the injection is restricted by the waiting time for sedimentation. Moreover, it has not been considered at all to selectively and continuously inject the obtained injection liquid according to the ground condition to be injected.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a suspension containing ground consolidating granules having different particle sizes in a distribution state corresponding to the particle size, that is, a suspension having a uniform particle size distribution and concentration. Is a highly permeable suspension A containing fine particles.
(Fine-grain suspension) and suspension B (coarse-grain suspension) exhibiting high consolidation strength including coarse particles having a large particle size, and a plurality of injection solutions can be prepared by sorting and sorting. In a short time, it is possible to continuously prepare by a simple operation, to provide a method for producing a ground consolidation injection liquid that has improved the disadvantages of the above-mentioned known art, and to provide a manufacturing apparatus for this injection liquid, A ground injection method that selectively and continuously injects these injection liquids into the ground according to the ground conditions to be injected, and rationally improves the entire ground, thereby improving the disadvantages of the above-described known technology; An injection device is provided.

[0011]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the method for producing a ground consolidation injection liquid of the present invention, a suspension containing ground consolidation particles having different particle diameters is swirled. Then, the mixture is classified and separated by a centrifugal force into a suspension A containing fine particles and a suspension B containing coarse particles.

Further, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, according to the injection liquid producing apparatus of the present invention, a preparation tank for a suspension containing ground consolidating granules having different particle diameters, and a preparation tank for the suspension The liquid is swirled by injecting and introducing the suspension, and a suspension A containing fine particles having a fine particle size from above is suspended by centrifugal force, and a suspension A containing coarse particles having a large particle size is provided from below. And a granule classifier for classifying and separating the suspension B.

Furthermore, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object,
According to the ground injection method of the present invention, a suspension A containing fine particles having a small particle diameter by centrifugal force and a suspension A containing coarse particles having a small particle diameter The suspension B containing the body is classified and fractionated to form a plurality of ground consolidation infusions, and one or more of the prepared infusions are selectively injected according to the ground conditions to be injected. And continuously injected into the ground.

Further, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, according to the ground injection device of the present invention, a preparation tank for a suspension containing ground consolidating granules having different particle diameters, and connected to the preparation tank, The liquid is swirled by injecting and introducing the suspension in the preparation tank, and the suspension A containing fine particles having a fine particle diameter is suspended from above by a centrifugal force, and the suspension A containing particles having a coarse particle diameter is supplied from below. A suspension that includes a granule classifier for classifying and separating the suspension B, and an injection pipe inserted into the ground to be injected and connected to the upper and / or lower part of each of the liquid classifiers; A
And / or the suspension B is injected into the ground through an injection pipe.

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

[A] Production of Injection Solution The suspension (stock solution suspension) as the stock solution for producing the injection solution according to the present invention is obtained by converting ground consolidation granules having different particle diameters into a liquid (solvent) such as water. It is formed as a suspension and retains its solidification itself. Therefore, when this stock solution suspension is injected into the ground, it solidifies the ground.

Examples of the ground consolidating granules having different particle sizes include slag, cement, calcium carbonate, lime, gypsum, and pozzolans. Pozzolans include fly ash, silica fume, white carbon, clay Diatomaceous earth, acid clay, and the like. In the present invention, these powders are used alone or in combination. Such a powder can be further pulverized using an iron ball, a magnetic ball, or the like, or pulverized in a suspension by a ball mill method.

The above-mentioned ground consolidating granules are suspended in a liquid such as water as described above, but if necessary, a fluidizing agent and a dispersing agent can be added to the suspension.

Further, the suspension may contain a reactant. Examples of the reactant include water glass, non-alkali silica sol, activated silica, weakly alkaline silica, colloidal silica, and an alkali agent. The activated silica and the weakly alkaline silica are aqueous solutions of silica obtained by treating water glass with an ion exchange resin,
Specific examples include weakly alkaline silica or the like, which is acidic or partially dealkalized, and further, those which exhibit weak alkalinity by adding an alkali agent such as water glass to acidic activated silica. Examples of the alkaline agent include a water-soluble alkali such as caustic soda, and a salt exhibiting alkalinity as an aqueous solution such as sodium aluminate, sodium carbonate, and sodium bicarbonate. These reactants are added before or after classification. For example, a reactant that reduces the viscosity of the suspension is added before classification to increase the viscosity,
It is preferable that a reactant that shortens the gel time is added after classification.

When adding such a reactant, a small amount of a gelling time adjusting agent such as bicarbonate, a gelling retardant such as an organic acid or a salt thereof, a fluidizing agent, a dispersing agent, etc. may be added as required. Can also be used together. Even when the above-mentioned reactant is added to the suspension for preparing grout, if the gelation time as grout is short, it is added after classification.

In the present invention, a part or all of the ground consolidating particles may be particles generated by a reaction of a plurality of solutions. Such granules generated by the reaction of a plurality of solutions include calcium silicate granules generated by the reaction of a water glass aqueous solution and a calcium chloride aqueous solution, a calcium chloride aqueous solution and an alkaline aqueous solution, such as a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and a sodium aluminate. Calcium hydroxide granules generated by the reaction are exemplified.

The above-mentioned ground consolidating granules are selected according to the purpose of ground improvement. For example, when the purpose is to improve the strength of the ground, a combination of cement or slag that gels by itself and slaked lime is selected, and when the purpose is to improve both the strength and the waterproofness, A combination of water glass and cement or a combination of alkali and slag is selected.

In the present invention, the above-mentioned stock solution is swirled to form a suspension A containing fine granules from above and a suspension B containing coarse granules from below by centrifugal force. Are respectively classified and fractionated to produce an infusate for ground consolidation. In addition, classification sorting by swirling of the stock solution suspension is performed by using a particle classifier shown in FIGS.

In the present invention, the average particle size of the suspension A to be separated is obtained by returning the suspension B obtained by the classification to the stock suspension and repeating the classification of the stock suspension. It is possible to obtain a ground consolidation injection liquid with a gradually increasing particle size,
Further, the suspension A obtained by the classification is returned to the undiluted suspension, and the classification is repeated, whereby the injection liquid for ground consolidation in which the average particle diameter of the obtained suspension B is gradually reduced. Can be obtained.

In the present invention, the suspension A is classified a plurality of times, the separated suspension A is further classified, and the suspension B is collected to obtain a suspension having a small particle size. And the suspension A is classified a plurality of times, the separated suspension A is further classified, and the suspension A is collected to obtain an average particle size. It is possible to obtain a suspension (injection liquid for ground consolidation) in which the body particle diameter is gradually reduced.

The ground consolidation liquid according to the present invention is produced, for example, using the apparatus shown in FIGS. Hereinafter, the injection liquid manufacturing apparatus will be described in detail.

[B] Manufacturing Apparatus for Injected Liquid FIGS. 1 and 2 are explanatory views of a specific example of an apparatus for manufacturing an injected liquid for ground consolidation according to the present invention. A preparation tank 2 for mixing a stock solution 1 containing a body,
The apparatus is provided with a particle classification device 4 connected to the preparation tank 2 via a conduit 3.

The stock suspension 1 passes through the conduit 3 by the operation of the pump 5, is charged into the preparation tank 2 via the conduit 7, and is sufficiently stirred by the stirrer 9. At this time, the valve 11b is closed.

The stock suspension 1 in the preparation tank 2 is blended and prepared in another preparation tank (not shown), and the stock suspension is operated by the pump 5 shown in FIG. It can also be charged into the preparation tank 2 via the respective conduits 7.

Before the classification operation, the stock suspension 1 in the preparation tank 2 is circulated by operating the pump 5 and passing through the conduits 3 and 7 until the rotation speed of the pump reaches a desired rotation speed. Preferably. In FIG. 1, 11a, 11b, 12, 13
Is a valve.

When the stock suspension 1 is stabilized, the valves 11a and 11b are opened and closed until the pressure gauge 10 exhibits a desired constant pressure, and the pump 5 is operated to operate the stock suspension 1 in the preparation tank 2.
Is injected into the particle classifier 4 through the conduit 3. Here, the undiluted solution suspension 1 is swirled as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 described below, and as shown in FIG. And into the storage tank 16 for classification. Further, from below the particle classification device 4, a suspension B containing particles having a coarse particle diameter is classified and separated. The separated suspensions A and B are stirred and kept uniform, and if necessary, contain a reactant or the like and injected into the ground. In FIG. 1, the suspension B is returned into the preparation tank 2, but it is obvious that the suspension B can be fractionated into a storage tank (not shown) through the conduit 8.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a hydrocyclone as a specific example of the particle classification device 4 in FIG.
a, a cylindrical member 17 having a circular cross section, an injection port 18, and an upper discharge port
19 and a lower outlet 21 (underflow outlet).

The introduction chamber 17a is connected to the preparation tank 2 of FIG. 1 via a conduit 3, and contains therein the suspension 1 of the stock solution from the preparation tank 2, that is, a ground consolidation particle having a different particle size. Accept the suspension.

As described above, the cylindrical member 17 has a conical or cylindrical shape, and has a top surface 17b and a bottom surface 17b of the introduction chamber 17a.
It is placed upright through 17c.

The injection port 18 is formed so as to penetrate a side wall 17d located inside the introduction chamber 17a of the cylindrical member 17, and the stock suspension 1 received from the preparation tank 2 of FIG. Is injected into the cylindrical member 17. Usually, this size is preferably about 1 × 1 mm. Thus, the undiluted suspension 1 is injected into the cylindrical member 17 from the introduction chamber 17a and swirled.

The upper discharge port 19 and the lower discharge port 21 are provided at the tip and the end of the cylindrical member 17, respectively. The size of the upper outlet 19 is about 4 mm in diameter, and the lower outlet 21
Is preferably about 1.5 mm in diameter.

In the particle classifier 4 (hydrocyclone 4) shown in FIG. 3, the stock suspension 1 from the preparation tank 2 is introduced into the introduction chamber 17a via the conduit 3, and injected from the injection port 18 to the cylindrical member 17. When introduced, since the cylindrical member 17 has a conical or cylindrical shape, the stock suspension 1 rotates against the inner wall surface of the cylindrical member 17 and turns. Although not shown, the injection is preferably performed in the tangential direction of the inner wall of the cylindrical member 17. As a result, the undiluted liquid suspension 1 sufficiently rotates and turns in the cylindrical member 17. Due to the centrifugal force of this swirling, the fine particles of the stock suspension 1 move upward and the coarse particles of the stock suspension 1 move downward. A
From below, the suspension B20 is classified and fractionated from the conduit 8 through the lower outlet 21 from below. The degree of this classification can be changed by the liquid pressure of the stock suspension 1 and the diameter of the lower discharge port 21 (underflow diameter).
Further, the gravitational acceleration of the cylindrical member 17 is preferably 100 to 3,000 G.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of another specific example of the particle classifier 4, which is called a cylindrical centrifugal classifier. The particle classification device 4 includes a reflection tank 22, a swirl tank 23, and an outer tank 24.

The reflection tank 22 has an inlet 25 for jetting and introducing the stock solution 1 containing ground consolidating granules having different particle diameters from the preparation tank 2 in FIG. And a reflection plate 26 that receives the injected liquid suspension 1 and reflects it radially, and has discharge ports 27, 27 that are rotatable and communicate with the swirl tank 23, Further, baffle plates 29, 29 are provided on the outer peripheral surface 28. The baffles 29, 29... 29 are located in the swirl tank 23.

The swirling tank 23 is arranged so as to surround and surround the reflection tank 22, and holds the stock suspension 1 discharged from the reflection tank 22 through the outlets 27, 27. The undiluted liquid suspension 1 discharged into the swirl tank 23 is swirled in the swirl tank 23 by the baffle plate 29 rotating with the rotation of the reflection tank 22, and moves upward (rightward) due to the centrifugal force of the swirl. A suspension A15 containing fine-grained particles is separated, and a suspension B20 containing coarse-grained particles is classified downward (to the left), passing through outlets 30 and 31, respectively. Released into the outer tub 24.

The outer tank 24 is arranged so as to surround and surround the swirl tank 23, and a suspension containing fine particles having a small particle diameter discharged from the upper outlet 30 and the lower outlet 31 of the swirl tank 23, respectively. It is provided with a holding part 32 of A15 and a holding part 33 of a suspension B20 containing coarse particles. And the holding part 32
From the outlet 34 of the suspension A15 containing fine particles
However, a suspension B20 containing coarse particles having a coarse particle diameter is classified and separated from the discharge port 35 of the holding unit 33. The gravitational acceleration of the particle classifier 4 is preferably 500 to 2,000 G.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of still another specific example of the granular material classification device 4, which is called a separation plate type centrifugal classification device. The granule classifier 4 includes an inlet pipe 36 for jetting and introducing a stock solution 1 containing ground consolidating granules having different particle diameters from the preparation tank 2 of FIG. 36a
A separation plate 37 disposed in the vicinity, an introduction pipe 36 and a separation plate 37
And an outer tank 38 arranged so as to surround the outer tank 38.

In the particle classifier 4 of FIG. 5, when the stock suspension 1 is injected and introduced into the outer tank 38 through the introduction pipe 36,
The undiluted liquid suspension 1 is jetted at a high speed from the tip 36b of the introduction pipe 36, hits the bottom surface 39, is discharged in the direction of the arrow, and reaches the separation plate 37 in the outer tank 38. Here, the undiluted liquid suspension 1 is swirled in the outer tank 38 by the injection force or by the action of the separation plate 37. Then, the suspension A containing fine particles is discharged from the outlets 40 and 40 above the outer tank 38 by the centrifugal force of this rotation.
15 is sorted and sorted, and the outlet 41 below the outer tank 38,
From 41, a suspension B20 containing coarse particles of a particle size is classified and fractionated. In this granule classifier 4, the gravitational acceleration is 300 to 1
Undiluted solution suspension 1 with a large difference of 000G and a small difference in specific gravity
Suitable for classification.

In the above-described granule classifying apparatus 4 of the present invention, the feed rate of the stock suspension 1 into the apparatus 4 depends on the size of the apparatus, the degree of classification, the particle size and specific gravity of the ground compacting granules, and the like. Although different, it is preferable that the injection rate be at least 10 to 50 l / min or more.

In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6, the particle classifier 4 is basically used as one, and the suspension A15 containing fine particles having a small particle size is separated into a storage tank 42 from above. Separate and store the suspension B20 containing the coarse particles from below in the storage tank
Classify and sort into 43. At this time, for example, in the hydrocyclone of FIG. 3, the diameter of the lower discharge port 20 (underflow diameter)
When the pressure during classification is changed between 1 and 6 kgf / cm ² , the suspension A is collected at a rate of 2-4 l / min.

Further, in the present invention, by combining a plurality of the particle classifiers 4, the amount of the classifying and sorting, the concentration of the suspension to be classified, and the like can be freely set. FIGS. 7, 8, and 9 show examples in which a plurality of the particle classifiers 4 are used.

FIG. 7 shows an example in which two particle classifiers 4a and 4b are combined in parallel. In this case, suspensions A15a and 15b containing fine particles each having a small particle size are classified and sorted into a storage tank 42 from above the two particle classifiers 4a and 4b, and coarse particles each having a coarse particle size from below. Suspension B20 containing granules
a and 20b are sorted and sorted in the storage tank 43, and the amount of these sorted and sorted is doubled. When a large amount of liquid is classified and collected at a time, a multi-tube suncron can be used instead of combining classification devices in parallel and performing classification under the same conditions. Here, the multi-tube cyclone is obtained by bundling a plurality of cores. For example, if a liquid cyclone in which ten cores are bundled is used, the amount of the liquid to be dispensed is ten times in principle.

FIG. 8 shows an example in which two particle classifiers 4a and 4b are combined in series. In this case, the suspension A15a containing fine particles having a fine particle size classified from the upper side of the particle classifier 4a located above is introduced into the lower particle classifier 4b to be classified again, and the finer particle size is further reduced. Is classified into the storage tank 42 from above. However, suspension A
The amount of 15b is relatively small. In addition, storage tanks 43a, 43b
The suspensions B20a and 20b containing coarse particles are separated and classified.

FIG. 9 shows an example in which three particle classifiers 4a, 4b and 4c are combined in parallel and in series. In this case, the suspensions A15a and 15c containing the fine particles having a fine particle size classified from above the particle classifiers 4a and 4c are introduced into the particle classifier 4b, where they are classified again. Is classified into the storage tank 42 from above. The amount of the suspension A15b is larger than that in FIG. In addition, storage tank 43a
The suspensions B20a and 20c containing the coarse particles are separated and classified into the storage tank 43b.

Generally, in the present invention, the particle classifier 4
Are connected in parallel, the amount of classification and sorting is doubled. When the hydrocyclone 4 shown in FIG. 3 is used, the particle classifiers 4 are connected in series, and the diameter (underflow diameter) of the lower discharge port 21 of the particle classifier 4 located above is set to 1.5 mm. , The lower diameter is 2.0 mm, and the lower outlet of the upper device
By passing the suspension B discharged from 21 through the hydrocyclone 4 of the lower device, it is possible to separate the suspensions A and B having different particle size distributions from the upper and lower devices. Of course, even when the particle classifiers 4 are connected in parallel, if the lower discharge ports 21 having different diameters are used, the suspensions A and B having different particle size distributions can be similarly collected.

It is preferable to measure the particle size and density of the classified suspensions A and B as required. When the classification operation is performed under certain conditions, the particle size and density may be measured as needed, and may be measured at the start of classification or at regular intervals (for example, at one-hour intervals). The particle size is measured by diluting the suspension obtained by classification with water into a cell, separating the particles using spontaneous sedimentation or centrifugal force, irradiating the cell with laser light, etc., and measuring the transmittance. This is performed by measuring the particle size (particle size distribution). The density is measured by placing the suspension in a specific gravity bottle of about 50 to 100 cc and calculating the specific gravity from its weight and volume. Based on these measurement results, the pressure, flow rate, and the like of the particle classification device are changed and controlled.

Actually, in the injection apparatus shown in FIG. 10 described later, the suspension A15 is provided at any point up to the injection pipes 46 and 47.
And the particle size or density of the suspension B20 is measured, and based on the obtained information, signals are sent from the controller 45 to the preparation tank 2 and the particle classifier 4, respectively. The compounding ratio or the flow pressure and flow rate in the particle classifier 4 are controlled to control the particle diameter and density of the suspensions A and B.

[C] Ground Injection FIG. 10 is a flow sheet of a specific example of the ground injection device for injecting the injection liquid (suspension) according to the present invention, which has been separated and classified, into the ground. Hereinafter, a ground injection method and an injection apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

First, a stock suspension 1 is prepared in a preparation tank 2 as shown in FIG. The preparation tank 2 is connected to a granule classifier 4, and the stock suspension 1 is injected into the granule classifier 4 from the preparation tank 2, whereby the stock suspension 1 is swirled in the apparatus 4 and centrifuged. Suspension A15 from above by force
, And the suspension 20 is classified and fractionated from below to prepare a liquid.

In FIG. 10, reference numerals 46 and 47 and injection pipes are inserted into the ground to be injected. These injection tubes 46 and 47 are connected to the upper and / or lower portions of the particle classification device 4, respectively, and the suspension A15 and / or the suspension B20 are supplied to the injection tubes 46 and 47, respectively.
Inject into the ground through 47.

In the above-described ground injection according to the present invention,
As shown in FIG. 10, the upper part of the particle classifier 4 and the injection pipe
The storage tank 42 and the storage tank 43 can be disposed between the storage tank 42 and the lower part and the injection pipe 47, respectively. In the storage tanks 42 and 43, the suspension A15 and the suspension B20 classified and separated from the granule classification device 4 are separately stored, and the suspensions A15 and / or suspensions are stored in the storage tanks 42 and 43, respectively. The suspension B20 is injected into the ground through the injection pipes 46 and 47.

At this time, one or both of the prepared suspension A15 (injection liquid A) and the suspension B20 (injection liquid B) are selectively and continuously supplied according to the ground conditions to be injected. Into the ground through injection pipes 46 and 47. For example, the suspension B20 is filled into a rough part of the ground through an injection pipe 47 inserted into the ground and is primarily injected, and then the suspension A15 is injected.
Is injected through the same injection pipe (not shown) (for example, a double injection pipe) as shown above, or through another injection pipe 46 as shown in the figure to penetrate into a small portion in the ground.

Although not shown, the suspension A or B, which has been classified and classified, can be injected into the ground as a secondary injection after the undiluted suspension is injected into the ground as the primary injection. . Further, the undiluted solution suspension is settled or classified to separate a supernatant liquid and a suspension liquid substantially close to a solution, and this suspension is further classified and fractionated, and the obtained suspension and the above supernatant liquid are separated. Each liquid can be injected into the ground. As a specific example thereof, for example, a suspension composed of water glass and cement is cited, and a supernatant obtained by allowing the suspension to stand is useful as a ground injection liquid.

Further, in the above-described ground injection shown in FIG. 10, a reaction agent storage tank 44 is provided. The reactant 48 from the reactant storage tank 44 is classified and separated from the suspension A15 by the granular classifier.
And into one or both of the suspensions B20 and injected into the ground through injection pipes 46, 47. For example, although not shown, a double injection pipe is used as an injection pipe, and a reactant 48 (quick-setting agent) from the reactant storage tank 44 is added to the suspension B20, and a primary injection is performed as an injection liquid having a short consolidation time. After doing
The suspension A15 is used as it is or in the reaction agent storage tank 44.
And a second injection as an injection liquid having a long consolidation time.

Further, a controller 45 is provided in the ground injection shown in FIG. Thereby, the injection amounts of the suspension A15 and the suspension B20 classified and separated from the granule classification device 4 and the mixing amount of the suspension A or B with the reactant 48 from the reactant storage tank 44 are adjusted. It is automatically set by the instruction of the controller 45, and the liquid is made under the management and injected into the ground.

Further, as described above, in FIG. 10, the particle size or the density of the suspension A15 and / or the suspension B20 was measured at any point up to the injection pipes 46 and 47 and obtained. Based on the information, a signal is sent from the controller 45 to the preparation tank 2 and the granule classification device 4, respectively, and the signal is used to determine the mixing ratio of the stock solution 1 in the preparation tank 2 or the flow pressure and flow rate in the granule classification device 4. Control the suspension A15
And / or the particle size and density of the suspension B20 can be controlled. In FIG. 10, 49, 51, 53 are pumps, 50, 5
2, 54 are flow meters, and 55, 56, 57, 58, 59 are valves.

[0062]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments. In the examples, the materials used are as follows.

Materials used (1) Cement Ordinary Portland cement: Blaine specific surface area 3,400
Portland cement having a cm ² / g and an average particle size of 14.9 μm was used. Ultra-fine particle cement: Blaine specific surface area 8,000 cm ² / g,
Cement with an average particle size of 3 μm was used.

(2) Slag Three types of granulated slag shown in Table 1 were used.

[0065]

[Table 1]

(3) Water Glass Various water glasses having a molar ratio in the range of approximately 4.0 to 1.0 can be used. In the present embodiment, two types of water glass shown in Table 2 were used.

[0067]

[Table 2]

(4) Sodium hydrogencarbonate Primary reagent (NaHCO ₃ ) was used.

(5) Slaked lime Fine calcium hydroxide having an average particle size of 8 μm was used.

(6) Calcium chloride Primary reagent (CaCl ₂ .2H ₂ O) was used.

In the examples, the measurement of the uniaxial compressive strength and the penetration test were performed as follows.

Uniaxial Compressive Strength A sand gel (hereinafter, referred to as a mixing method) obtained by filling a mold with mixing Toyoura standard sand and a blended liquid was measured in accordance with the Japan Society of Soil Engineering Standards “Uniaxial compressive test method for soil”. After curing, the mold was sealed with plastic wrap and cured at room temperature. For the test specimens obtained in the penetration test, after the curing for a predetermined number of days, the tip of the mold close to the injection port was cut 5 cm, and then 10
The pieces were cut into cm and the compressive strength was measured.

Penetration test An acrylic mold (diameter 5 cm, length 1 m) was filled with sand and saturated with water, and then a predetermined suspension was injected at an injection pressure of 1 kgf / cm ² . At the top of the mold, a plastic tube of about 1 m is attached, and water or suspension is discharged from the vinyl tube by injection. When the water or the suspension comes out discontinuously, the end point of the injection is determined. Was visually measured for the length at which the color changed due to grout.

Example 1 A 20% suspension (stock solution) of ordinary Portland cement 20
1 was classified by the hydrocyclone classifier of FIG. The diameter of the lower outlet 21 of the hydrocyclone 4 (underflow diameter of the ceramic core) was 1.5 mm. The undiluted solution suspension 1 was allowed to circulate in the hydrocyclone classifier of FIG. 3, and classification was started when the pressure was stabilized. The pressure during circulation of the stock suspension 1 was 6.0 kgf / cm ² . 3,815 g / min of the suspension A15 containing fine particles is discharged from the upper outlet 19 of the hydrocyclone 4, and 1,200 g / min of the suspension B20 containing the coarse particles are discharged from the lower outlet 21. Was done. When the particle size distributions of the liquids A and B were measured, the average particle diameter of the suspension A15 was 3.9 μm, and the average particle diameter of the suspension B20 was 12.5 μm.

Silica sand No. 5 is filled to a relative density of 60% and 1 m
The suspension A15 permeated up to 1 m. Similarly, with respect to the suspension B20, silica sand No. 4
%, And a 1 m penetration test was performed. When the strength of the compact was measured, the suspension A
The strength of the compact using 15 was 7 kgf / cm ² (28 days), and the strength of the compact using suspension B20 was 56 kgf / cm ² (same as above).
Met. (Average strength of consolidated part)

The penetration test and strength of the stock suspension 1 before classification were measured in the same manner. The penetration distance was 34 cm and the strength was 20 kgf / cm ² .

Example 2 The same classifier as shown in FIG. 3 was used as in Example 1, and the pressure was 4.0 kgf /
20% stock solution suspension of ordinary Portland cement in cm ²
Was classified. The suspension A15 was collected in 4 l portions, and the suspension B20 was
Was returned to the stock suspension 1, and a suspension having a gradually increasing particle size was collected. The average particle size of the obtained suspension was measured. Table 3 shows the results.

[0078]

[Table 3]

Example 3 The same classifier as shown in FIG. 3 was used as in Example 1, and the pressure was 4.0 kgf /
20% stock solution suspension of ordinary Portland cement in cm ²
Was classified. The suspension B20 was fractionated in 2 l portions, and the suspension A15 was
Was returned to the stock suspension 1, and a suspension having a gradually decreasing particle size was collected. The average particle size of the obtained suspension was measured. Table 4 shows the results.

[0080]

[Table 4]

Example 4 Using the same classifier as in Example 1 shown in FIG. 3, ordinary Portland cement was classified, but the concentration of the stock suspension was 50%.
High concentration. The pressure during circulation of stock solution suspension 1 is 3.0 kg
f / cm ² . From the upper outlet 19 of the hydrocyclone 4, a suspension A15 containing fine particles is discharged at 3,400 g / min.
From the lower outlet 21, a suspension B20 containing coarse particles
g / min. When the particle size distribution of each of the liquids A and B was measured, the average particle diameter of the suspension A15 was 6.3 μm, and the specific gravity was
1.09 g / cm ² , and the average particle size of the suspension B20 was 10.7.
μm, specific gravity 1.58 g / cm ² .

Examples 5 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 Classification, penetration test and strength measurement were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the materials and classification conditions were changed. For comparison, a suspension without classification was also subjected to a penetration test and strength. The conditions are the same as in Example 1 except for the conditions described in the table. Toyoura standard sand is used for the penetration test, and the relative density is 60%. Table 5 shows the results.

[0083]

[Table 5]

Example 9 and Comparative Example 4 Examples using water glass as a reactant are shown below. The formulation and gel time are as shown in Table 6.

[0085]

[Table 6]

20 liters of GB solution was put into the preparation tank 2 shown in FIG.
20 L of GA solution was added while circulating, and the pressure during circulation of the suspension was increased to 3.0 kgf / cm ^{2, and} then classification was started using the liquid cyclone of FIG. The time required from the mixing of the GA and GB solutions to the classification was about 3 minutes. A 1 m permeation test was carried out with Toyoura standard sand filled to a relative density of 60%. The permeation length of the suspension A obtained by classification was 70 cm, and the permeation length of the suspension B was 20 cm. . The permeation length of the liquid that was not classified (stock solution) was 25 cm.

A sand gel was prepared from the suspension obtained by the classification, and the compressive strength was measured. Liquid that does not classify (stock solution)
Was also measured for strength. Table 7 shows the results.

[0088]

[Table 7]

Example 10 20 l of a 2.5% suspension of slag (No. 3) was classified using the hydrocyclone classification apparatus shown in FIG. Diameter of the lower outlet 21 of the hydrocyclone 4 The underflow diameter of the ceramic core is 1.
It was 5 mm. The pressure during circulation of the stock solution suspension 1 is 4.0 kgf / cm
^{And 2} . From the upper outlet 19 of the hydrocyclone 4, 14,300 g of the suspension A15 containing fine particles were discharged, and from the lower outlet 21, 2,700 g of the suspension B20 containing the coarse particles were discharged. When the particle size distribution of each of the liquids A and B was measured, the average particle diameter of the suspension A15 was 2.4 μm, and the average particle diameter of the suspension B20 was 3.5 μm. The specific gravity of the suspension A15 is
1.012 g / cm ³ . In addition, the suspension A15 has a ceramic core underflow diameter (diameter of lower outlet 21).
Classify with 1.5mm liquid cyclone 4
0 g was collected. The specific gravity of this suspension B was 1.030 g / cm ³ .

Example 11 A suspension was formed by mixing two solutions, and classified using the hydrocyclone classifier of FIG. The formulation and gel time are as shown in Table 8.

[0091]

[Table 8]

When 10 liters of each of the GA solution and the GB solution were mixed, a precipitate was immediately formed. Then, classification was performed at a pressure of 4 kgf / cm ² , and 3,050 g of suspension A and 605 g of suspension B were separated. A sand gel was prepared by a mixing method for each liquid, and the strength was measured for 7 days. The result from the suspension A was 3.3 kgf / cm ² ,
The one from suspension B was 8.6 kgf / cm ² .

Example 12 and Comparative Example 5 The same classifier as in Example 1 as shown in FIG. 3 was used, and the pressure was 4.0 kgf /
A 20% stock solution of ordinary Portland cement suspension 1 was classified using cm ² . About 250 l of suspension A15, about 40 l of suspension B20
Was collected. The average particle size of the obtained suspension was measured. Further, slaked lime was added to the coarse particles to harden with water glass, and the fine particles were hardened with water glass as it was, and the gel time was measured. Table 9 shows the classification results.

[0094]

[Table 9] * The solid concentration is a value calculated from the specific gravity of the suspension obtained by classification.

Table 10 shows the formulation and results of the gel time measurement.
It is as follows.

[0096]

[Table 10]

When a Toyoura standard sand was filled to a relative density of 60% and a permeation test of 1 m was performed, the permeation distance of the compound B using the fine particles A reached 1 m.

[0098] Next, the material was injected into the ground, and after hardening, excavation inspection was performed. Although not shown, using a system similar to that shown in FIG. 10, a double pipe was installed to the ground consisting of a gravel layer and a coarse sand layer to a depth of GL-10 m, and a GA liquid of formulation A (through an outer pipe), GB
The liquid (pass through the inner pipe) is joined at the tip of the double pipe by the same amount and 2
After the injection of 0 l, the mixture B was similarly injected at 100 l to complete the injection at the lowermost stage. After raising the double tube by 0.5 m, the same process was repeated until the injection was performed to GL-3 m. As a result of the excavation survey, a solid body of about 1 m was formed around the injection pipe in both the coarse sand ground and the fine sand ground.

Comparative Example 5 In the above formulations A and B, a suspension of Portland cement was used in place of the coarse particles B and the fine particles A (formulations C and D). The solid concentration was the same, and the gel time was measured in the same manner. As a result, in Formulation A, the gel time was 19 seconds,
In the case of Formula B, the time was 5 minutes and 20 seconds. Further, when a Toyoura standard sand was filled to a relative density of 60% and a permeation test of 1 m was performed, the permeation distance of Compound D was 25 cm.

For comparison, Example 12 was repeated using Formulas C and D.
Injection was performed in the same manner as described above. At this time, during the injection of the formulation D, the pressure was increased to 10 kgf / cm ² at each step, and the injection was stopped at that stage. As a result of the excavation investigation, the permeability was poor, and only a compact of approximately 30 cm was formed around the injection pipe in both the coarse sand ground and the fine sand ground.

[0101]

As described above, the method and apparatus for producing the ground consolidation injection liquid according to the present invention provide a suspension containing ground consolidation granules having different particle diameters in a distribution state corresponding to the particle diameter. That is, a suspension having a constant particle size distribution and concentration, specifically, a suspension A exhibiting high permeability including fine particles having a small particle size.
(Fine-grain suspension) and suspension B (coarse-grain suspension) exhibiting high consolidation strength including coarse particles having a large particle size, and a plurality of injection solutions can be prepared by sorting and sorting. It can be continuously prepared by a simple operation in a short time.

Further, the ground injection method and apparatus according to the present invention selectively and continuously inject the above-mentioned ground consolidation liquid into the ground in accordance with the ground condition to be injected, thereby rationalizing the entire ground. It can be improved.

By classifying the suspension formed by the reaction between the solutions, a suspension containing extremely fine particles can be obtained.

Further, even if the suspension has a reduced concentration due to the classification, the concentration can be increased by performing the classification again.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a specific example of an apparatus for producing an injection liquid for ground consolidation according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a part of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a hydrocyclone of a specific example of the particle classification device according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of another specific example of the particle classification device according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of still another specific example of the granular material classification device according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a connection relationship between a granule classifying apparatus according to the present invention and a storage tank of a suspension classified and sorted from an upper part and a lower part.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a connection relationship with a storage tank when two particle classifiers according to the present invention are arranged in parallel.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a connection relationship with a storage tank when two particle classifiers according to the present invention are connected in series.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a connection relationship with a storage tank when three particle classifiers according to the present invention are connected in series and in parallel.

FIG. 10 is a flow sheet of a specific example of the ground injection device according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 stock solution 2 preparation tank 4 granule classifier 15 suspension A 16 storage tank 17 cylinder member 17a introduction chamber 17b top surface 17c bottom surface 17d side wall 18 injection port 19 upper discharge port 20 suspension B 21 lower discharge port 22 Reflector tank 23 Revolving tank 24 Outer tank 25 Inlet 26 Reflector 28 Outer surface 29 Baffle plate 32 Holder 33 Holder 36 Inlet tube 36a Outer surface 36b Tip 37 Separator 38 Outer tank 39 Bottom 42 Storage tank 43 Storage tank 44 Reagent storage tank 45 Controller 46 Injection pipe 47 Injection pipe 48 Reagent

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification symbol FI // C09K 103: 00 (56) References JP-A-8-60154 (JP, A) JP-A 8-333570 (JP, A (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) C09K 17/02 C09K 17/06 C09K 17/10 C09K 17/12 E02D 3/12

Claims (31)

(57) [Claims] 1. A suspension containing fine particles having a fine particle size by a centrifugal force by rotating a suspension containing particles for ground consolidation having different particle sizes, and a suspension containing fine particles having a coarse particle size. A method for producing a ground consolidation injection liquid, wherein the liquid is classified and separated into a suspension B and a suspension. 2. The ground according to claim 1, wherein the ground compacting particles are one or more selected from the group consisting of slag, cement, calcium carbonate, lime, gypsum, and pozzolans. A method for producing an infusate for consolidation. 3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising a reactant. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the reactant is water glass,
The method for producing an injection liquid for consolidating ground according to claim 3, wherein the injection liquid is one or more selected from the group consisting of colloidal silica and an alkali agent. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein a part or all of the ground consolidation particles are particles generated by a reaction of a plurality of solutions. Method. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the particles produced by the reaction of the plurality of solutions are calcium silicate particles produced by the reaction of the aqueous solution of water glass and the aqueous solution of calcium chloride, or the reaction of the aqueous solution of calcium chloride and the aqueous alkaline solution. The method for producing an infusate for ground consolidation according to claim 5, which is calcium hydroxide granules produced by the above method. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the suspension B containing coarse particles having a large particle diameter obtained by the classification is returned to a suspension containing ground consolidating particles having different particle diameters, and the classification is repeated. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the average particle diameter of the suspension A containing fine particles having a small particle diameter is gradually increased. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the suspension A containing fine particles having a fine particle size obtained by the classification is returned to a suspension containing ground consolidating particles having different particle sizes, and the classification is repeated. The method for producing a ground consolidation injection liquid according to claim 1, wherein the average particle diameter of the suspension B containing the coarse particles to be fractionated is gradually reduced. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the suspension A containing the fine particles having a small particle diameter is classified a plurality of times, and the suspension A containing the fine particles having a small particle diameter is further classified. The method according to claim 1, wherein a suspension B having a high concentration is obtained by fractionating the suspension B containing coarse particles. 10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the suspension A containing the fine particles having a small particle diameter is classified a plurality of times, and the suspension A containing the fine particles having a small particle diameter is further classified. The method for producing an injection liquid for consolidating ground according to claim 1, wherein a suspension A having a gradually reduced average particle diameter is obtained by fractionating the suspension A containing fine particles. 11. A preparation tank for a suspension containing ground consolidating granules having different particle diameters, and connected to the preparation tank. The suspension is jetted and introduced to swirl the liquid to produce a centrifugal force. For solidifying the ground, comprising a particle classifier for classifying and separating a suspension A containing fine particles having a fine particle size from above and a suspension B containing coarse particles having a coarse particle from below. Infusion liquid manufacturing equipment. 12. The introduction chamber according to claim 11, wherein a granule classifying apparatus is connected to the preparation tank and receives therein a suspension containing ground consolidation particles having different particle diameters from the preparation tank. A cylindrical member having a circular cross section which is arranged upright through the top surface and the bottom surface of the introduction chamber, and the suspension which is penetrated by a side wall located inside the introduction chamber of the cylindrical member and received in the introduction chamber. 12. A ground cyclone according to claim 11, which is a liquid cyclone comprising an injection port for injecting and introducing the gas into the inside of the cylindrical member, and an upper discharge port and a lower discharge port provided at the tip and the lower end of the cylindrical member, respectively. Infusion liquid manufacturing equipment. 13. The particle classification device according to claim 11, further comprising: a reflection plate that receives the suspension containing the ground consolidation particles having different particle diameters injected and introduced from the preparation tank and reflects the suspension radially. A rotatable reflection tank having a baffle plate on the outer peripheral surface thereof, and a swirl tank surrounding the reflection tank and turning the suspension reflected from the reflection tank by rotating the baffle plate,
Further, the swirling tank was surrounded, and the suspension A containing the fine particles having a small particle diameter was sorted and sorted from above the swirling tank by the centrifugal force of the swirling tank, and was sorted and sorted from below the swirling tank. The apparatus for producing an injection liquid for consolidating ground according to claim 11, further comprising: an outer tank having a holding section for the suspension B containing coarse particles. 14. An introduction pipe according to claim 11, wherein the granule classifying apparatus jets and introduces a suspension containing ground consolidation granules having different particle diameters from the preparation tank, and an outer peripheral surface of the introduction pipe. It is composed of a separation plate arranged in the vicinity, and an outer tank arranged so as to surround the introduction pipe and the separation plate. When the suspension is injected into the outer tank through the introduction pipe, the suspension is injected. The suspension A is swirled in the outer tank by force or by the action of the separator, and the centrifugal force of the swirl separates and sorts the suspension A containing fine particles having a fine particle size from the upper part of the outer tank. The apparatus for producing an injection liquid for consolidating ground according to claim 11, wherein the suspension B containing coarse particles having a coarse particle diameter is classified and fractionated from the mixture. 15. The apparatus for producing an injection liquid for consolidating ground according to claim 11, wherein a plurality of particle classifiers are provided in parallel. 16. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein a plurality of granule classifiers are provided in series. 17. The apparatus for manufacturing an injection liquid for consolidating ground according to claim 11, wherein a plurality of granule classifiers are provided in series and in parallel. 18. A suspension containing fine particles and a suspension containing coarse particles by centrifugal force by rotating a suspension containing particles for ground consolidation having different particle sizes. The liquid B is classified and classified to form a plurality of ground consolidation infusions, and one or more of the prepared infusions are selectively injected into the ground according to the ground conditions to be injected. Ground injection method characterized by the following. 19. The method according to claim 18, wherein the suspension B containing the coarse particles is filled into a coarse portion in the ground, and is first injected, and then the suspension A containing the fine particles is added to the suspension A. 19. The method of soil injection according to claim 18, wherein the secondary injection is performed by penetrating into a fine portion in the ground. 20. The ground injection method according to claim 18 or 19, wherein the injection liquid is prepared by an instruction of the controller and injected into the ground. 21. The ground according to claim 18, wherein the ground compacting particles are one or more selected from the group consisting of slag, cement, calcium carbonate, lime, gypsum, and pozzolans. Injection method. 22. The method according to claim 18, wherein the liquid for consolidating the ground further contains a reactant. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the reactant is one or more selected from the group consisting of water glass, colloidal silica, and an alkaline agent. 24. A preparation tank for a suspension containing ground consolidation granules having different particle diameters, and the suspension is connected to the preparation tank, and the liquid is swirled by jetting and introducing the suspension in the preparation tank. And a suspension A containing fine particles having a small particle size is centrifugally applied from above.
A granule classifier for classifying and separating the suspension B containing coarse particles having a coarse particle size from below, and inserted into the ground to be injected and connected to the upper and / or lower portions of the granule classifier, respectively And a suspension pipe, wherein the suspension A and / or the suspension B is injected into the ground through the filler pipe. 25. The particle classification apparatus according to claim 24, wherein storage tanks are respectively disposed between the upper part of the particle classification device and the injection pipe, and between the lower part and the injection pipe, and classified and separated from the particle classification apparatus. 25. The suspension according to claim 24, wherein the suspensions A and B are respectively stored in separate storage tanks, and the suspension A and / or the suspension B are injected into the ground through an injection pipe from these storage tanks. Ground injection equipment. 26. The suspension according to claim 24, wherein the suspension B is filled into a rough portion of the ground through an injection pipe inserted into the ground and is primarily injected, and then the suspension A is injected into the same injection pipe as described above. 25. The ground injection device according to claim 24, wherein the secondary injection is performed by penetrating into a fine portion in the ground through the injection pipe of (1). 27. The suspension according to claim 24, further comprising a reactant storage tank, wherein the suspension A containing fine particles having a small particle diameter and the coarse particles having a large particle diameter are classified and sorted by the particle classification apparatus. 25. The ground injection device according to claim 24, wherein one or both of the suspensions B containing the reactants from the reactant storage tank is injected into the ground through an injection pipe. 28. The ground injection device according to claim 24, wherein the reactant is one or more selected from the group consisting of water glass, colloidal silica, and an alkaline agent. 29. The method according to claim 24, further comprising the step of:
Injection amounts of the suspension A containing the separated fine particles and the suspension B containing the coarse particles, and the reactions of the suspensions A and B with the reaction agent storage tank 28. The ground injection device according to claim 24, wherein the compounding amount with the agent is automatically set in accordance with an instruction from the controller, and the liquid is injected and injected. 30. The method according to claim 29, wherein the particle size or density of the suspension A and / or the suspension B is measured at an arbitrary point up to the injection pipe, and the suspension or the suspension B is prepared from the controller based on the obtained information. A signal is sent to each of the tank and the particle classifier, and the signals are used to control the mixing ratio of the suspension in the preparation tank, or the flow pressure and flow rate in the particle classifier, to control the suspension A and / or the suspension. 30. The soil injection device according to claim 29, wherein the particle size and density of B are controlled. 31. The ground according to claim 24, wherein the ground compacting particles are one or more selected from the group consisting of slag, cement, calcium carbonate, lime, gypsum, and pozzolans. Infusion device.