CN107721334B - Emergency automatic plugging material - Google Patents
Emergency automatic plugging material Download PDFInfo
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- CN107721334B CN107721334B CN201711138147.7A CN201711138147A CN107721334B CN 107721334 B CN107721334 B CN 107721334B CN 201711138147 A CN201711138147 A CN 201711138147A CN 107721334 B CN107721334 B CN 107721334B
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- plugging material
- emergency automatic
- automatic plugging
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/72—Repairing or restoring existing buildings or building materials
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
- Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an emergency automatic plugging material which is composed of sulphoaluminate cement, walnut shell particles, floating beads, bentonite, an anti-dispersing agent, an expanding agent, a water reducing agent, an accelerating agent and fibers. The emergency plugging material has high condensation speed, can automatically move to a water leakage position along with water flow in water, realizes automatic plugging in an unmanned operation state, can realize emergency automatic plugging for plugging projects such as high-radioactivity wastewater, toxic and harmful water body containing containers or facilities and the like which are not suitable for manual plugging construction, and greatly reduces the influence of wastewater and sewage leakage on the ecological environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to an emergency automatic plugging material.
Background
At present, the plugging material used in engineering needs to carry out surface cleaning, chiseling, drilling, twisting, drainage and other treatments on the leaking part before construction, and needs personnel to operate or operate by means of tools during construction, so that the plugging repair period is long after construction. In addition, the plugging material needs to be constructed in an anhydrous environment, is difficult to condense in water, and cannot be constructed with water or pressure, and the plugging construction can only be carried out according to the needs after water is discharged. The plugging material can treat most of water leakage problems, but the conventional plugging material and the plugging technology are not suitable for the on-line and water-pressure-carrying unmanned automatic plugging of high-radioactivity wastewater, toxic and harmful water body containing containers or facilities caused by serious natural disasters or serious safety accidents.
When a container or facility containing high-radioactivity sewage and toxic and harmful industrial wastewater leaks, if the leakage stoppage treatment is not performed in time, serious influence is caused on the periphery, and even ecological disaster is caused. Under the toxic, harmful and strong radiation environment, constructors cannot enter the site to perform leaking stoppage construction. The leakage stoppage material needs to be charged with water, pressure, quickly and automatically to complete emergency leakage stoppage in one step on the premise that no construction condition or construction condition is strictly limited, the leakage part is not allowed to be treated, and even any construction apparatus and construction equipment are difficult to perform and play a role, so that the emergency leakage stoppage is difficult to realize. Therefore, it is necessary to research a material with automatic and rapid plugging functions. If the plugging material can move to the position of the leakage opening along with water flow in the water body and be solidified at the position to plug the leakage passage, the purpose of plugging is achieved, and the plugging material has important engineering application value.
Document 1, experimental research on inorganic waterproof plugging materials, discloses a waterproof plugging material using a mixture of portland cement and sulphoaluminate cement as a base material. The material fully exerts the complementary advantages of the mixed use performance of two kinds of cement, solves the technical defects caused by the adoption of single Portland cement or aluminate cement in the traditional plugging material, and improves the properties of the material, such as setting time, hour strength, micro-expansion and the like. However, the initial setting time of the material still reaches 7min, and the initial and final setting time interval reaches 2 min. Therefore, the material is limited to be applied under the condition of high effluent flow rate, and is difficult to be applied to upstream surface plugging and water stopping engineering.
Document 2, "research on rapid-setting inorganic waterproof plugging material", discloses a rapid-setting inorganic waterproof plugging material modified by adding special inorganic and organic additives into a mixed base material. Compared with the traditional plugging material, the material shortens the initial setting time. But the initial setting time of 4min is still longer, and the problems of large material loss and poor water plugging effect are inevitably caused when the quick plugging agent is applied to quick plugging engineering.
Document 3 discloses a leak stopping and seepage preventing agent (patent No. ZL101775266A), which is an inorganic leak stopping and seepage preventing agent made of sodium methyl silicate, quartz powder, gypsum and water, the strength of the material is obtained mainly by the hardening of gypsum, and the waterproof function of the material is mainly by hydrophobic substances generated by the reaction of sodium methyl silicate and air. Therefore, the material has the advantages of slow setting and hardening, low strength and no technical performance advantage in the rapid plugging project with large water yield. Meanwhile, the application effect of the material under the conditions of water-carrying operation or water-facing leakage stoppage is restricted by the waterproof principle of the material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an emergency automatic plugging material which can be used for plugging in water, does not need human participation in the plugging process, can move to a leakage part along with water flow after being added into the water to plug a water leakage crack, and has the advantages of fast setting and hardening, high hour strength and good anti-seepage capability.
The above purpose is achieved by the following scheme:
the emergency automatic plugging material consists of sulphoaluminate cement, walnut shell particles, floating beads, bentonite, an anti-dispersant, an expanding agent, a water reducing agent, an accelerating agent and fibers, wherein the weight ratio of the components is as follows:
sulphoaluminate cement: walnut shell particles: floating beads: bentonite: anti-dispersant agent: swelling agent: water reducing agent: setting accelerator 100: 80:25-90:5:0.9:3:0.4:2.5-3.5, the volume ratio of the fiber to the plugging material is 0-5, and the weight ratio of the water to the plugging material is 0.3-0.35
In the invention:
the walnut shell particles are formed by mixing 1.5-2 mm thick walnut shell particles and 0.75-1.2 mm thin walnut shell particles according to a mass ratio of 1: 1-1: 1.5.
The floating beads have a particle size of 50 to 100 μm and a density of 0.4 to 0.6g/cm 3.
The bentonite is sodium montmorillonite with fineness of 75 μm and residue on sieve no more than 2 wt%.
The anti-dispersant is Polyacrylamide (PAM), which has a molecular weight of 800 ten thousand.
The expanding agent is sodium polyacrylate super absorbent resin, and the water absorption capacity of the expanding agent is 1300-1500 g/g SAP.
The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, and the water reducing rate is 20-40%.
The accelerating agent is a compound mainly containing aluminum oxide clinker.
The fiber can be one or more of polypropylene fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, engineering plastic fiber and cotton fiber, and the length of the fiber is 3-15 mm. The blending proportion of the fiber is the volume ratio of the emergency automatic plugging material.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, uniformly stirring the raw materials through a physical machine, adding water accounting for 30-35% of the weight of the emergency automatic plugging material raw materials, and continuously stirring for 2min to obtain the product.
The invention selects the cementing material with short setting time, and adds the setting regulator to regulate and control the setting time of the plugging material; the filler with the density smaller than that of water (1g/cm3) is added to reduce the density of the plugging material to make the density close to that of water, and meanwhile, the plugging material is provided with skeleton support to make the plugging material have certain mechanical strength. In order to prevent the leakage stoppage material from dispersing when meeting water or being eroded by water flow, the anti-dispersing agent is added. The addition of the expanding agent can enable the inside of the plugging material to be more compact, improve the impermeability, enable the plugging material to be tightly attached to the inner wall of the leakage opening, improve the bonding strength and achieve better plugging effect. The fiber is added into the plugging material, and a reticular structure is formed at the leakage opening by utilizing the multilayer disordered phase distribution behavior of the fiber, so that the plugging material can be blocked, and the plugging is facilitated.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the emergency automatic plugging material can accurately regulate and control the density and the setting time of the plugging material according to plugging requirements, so that the emergency automatic plugging material can be quickly cured at a leak opening to form a plugging layer and complete plugging. The density of the emergency automatic plugging material can be changed between 1.0-1.45 g/cm3, and the setting time is 3-5 min.
The emergency automatic leaking stoppage material disclosed by the invention is fast in condensation, has higher early mechanical property and anti-seepage property, does not collapse in water, can realize self-leveling and self-compaction, and is fast in leaking stoppage speed and high in success rate. The leakage stoppage device can be used for leakage stoppage construction of containers or facilities and the like of high-radioactivity sewage and toxic and harmful industrial wastewater, does not need personnel or tools for auxiliary construction in the leakage stoppage process, realizes automation and rapidity of the leakage stoppage process, can perform plugging in the first time after a sewage leakage accident occurs, and avoids damage to the external environment. In addition, the invention can also be widely applied to the plugging of pools, underground engineering, mines and the like, and has wide application prospect.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be better understood, reference will now be made to the following examples. The weight percentages of the fiber and the sulphoaluminate cement are the mass percentages of the materials and the sulphoaluminate cement, except that the weight percentage of the fiber accounts for the total volume of the emergency automatic plugging material.
Examples 1 to 5
The concrete weight parts of the raw materials in the examples are shown in table 1.
Table 1 formula of emergency automatic plugging material in examples
The main performance index data of the emergency automatic plugging materials obtained according to the preparation steps of the product in the embodiments 1 to 5 are shown in table 2.
Table 2 properties of emergency automatic plugging material embodiments
As can be seen from Table 2, the density of the emergency automatic plugging material added with floating beads with different mixing amounts can be changed in a larger range, and the setting time can also be adjusted by the mixing amount of the accelerating agent. The emergency automatic plugging material of embodiments 1-5 has good mechanical property and impermeability, and the dispersibility resistance and the fluidity resistance can meet the requirements.
Claims (11)
1. An emergency automatic plugging material is characterized by comprising sulphoaluminate cement, walnut shell particles, floating beads, bentonite, an anti-dispersant, an expanding agent, a water reducing agent, an accelerating agent and fibers, wherein the weight ratio of the components is as follows:
sulphoaluminate cement: walnut shell particles: floating beads: bentonite: anti-dispersant agent: swelling agent: water reducing agent: setting accelerator 100: 80:25-90:5:0.9:3:0.4:2.5-3.5, wherein the volume ratio of the fibers to the plugging material is 0-5, and the weight ratio of the water to the plugging material is 0.3-0.35.
2. An emergency automatic plugging material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the strength grade of the sulphoaluminate cement is required to be more than 42.5 MPa.
3. An emergency automatic plugging material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the walnut shell particles are formed by mixing 1.5-2 mm thick walnut shell particles and 0.75-1.2 mm thin walnut shell particles according to a mass ratio of 1: 1-1: 1.5.
4. An emergency automatic plugging material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the floating beads have the particle size of 50-100 mu m and the density of 0.4-0.6 g/cm 3.
5. An emergency automatic plugging material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bentonite is sodium montmorillonite with fineness of 75 μm and the residue on sieve is not more than 2 wt%.
6. An emergency automatic plugging material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the anti-dispersant is Polyacrylamide (PAM) and the molecular weight of the anti-dispersant is 800 ten thousand.
7. An emergency automatic plugging material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the expanding agent is sodium polyacrylate super absorbent resin, and the water absorption capacity of the expanding agent is 1300-1500 g/g SAP.
8. An emergency automatic plugging material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, and the water reducing rate is 20-40%.
9. An emergency automatic plugging material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the accelerating agent is a compound taking the aluminum oxide clinker as a main body.
10. An emergency automatic plugging material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fiber is added in a volume ratio of the emergency automatic plugging material, and can be one or more of polypropylene fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, engineering plastic fiber and cotton fiber.
11. An emergency automatic plugging material according to claim 10, characterized in that: the length of the fiber is between 3 mm and 15 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711138147.7A CN107721334B (en) | 2017-11-16 | 2017-11-16 | Emergency automatic plugging material |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711138147.7A CN107721334B (en) | 2017-11-16 | 2017-11-16 | Emergency automatic plugging material |
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| CN107721334A CN107721334A (en) | 2018-02-23 |
| CN107721334B true CN107721334B (en) | 2020-06-02 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109020361A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-12-18 | 山东大学 | A kind of high flow rate big flow blocking in flowing water fiber injecting paste material and preparation method thereof |
| CN108863147B (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2021-05-04 | 湖南省水利水电科学研究院 | Grouting material additive and application thereof |
| CN109628077A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-16 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of strong structure sealing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN110218548A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-09-10 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of material for quickly stopping leakage and preparation method thereof being automatically positioned at leakage |
| CN114806230A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-07-29 | 徐州吉安矿业科技有限公司 | Toughened spraying air leakage blocking sealing material and construction process thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101712863A (en) * | 2009-11-04 | 2010-05-26 | 北京德美高科科技有限责任公司 | Water plugging agent for carbonatite and preparation method and using method thereof |
| CN104446274B (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2016-08-24 | 北方工业大学 | A kind of high-strength quick-solidifying material |
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| CN107721334A (en) | 2018-02-23 |
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