JP2944950B2 - A device that uses the running energy during braking operation in a vehicle - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for recovering and storing running energy during braking operation of a vehicle, and a device for using the stored energy as energy for assisting a power source.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Most of current automobiles use a gasoline engine or a diesel engine as a driving source. At the start, a large amount of fuel is quickly generated by the engine in order to exhibit a large driving force required at that time. Is consumed. As a result, exhaust gas containing harmful substances such as CO (carbon monoxide), HC (hydrocarbon) and NOx (nitrogen oxide) discharged at this time becomes enormous, and an exhaust gas purifying device is provided. Is also a major factor in environmental destruction. In particular, when traffic is congested in an urban area, the vehicle must be repeatedly stopped and started, so the area around the area will be filled with exhaust gas as compared to normal driving,
In addition, fuel consumption is high, and such a phenomenon is remarkable on an uphill road.

[0003] Therefore, development of an electric vehicle is urgently required as a vehicle which does not cause such environmental destruction. This electric vehicle has a drive source in which a storage battery or a solar battery and an electric motor are combined. However, storage batteries have insufficient capacity, solar batteries have insufficient power generation, and a large amount of rush current flows at the start, so it is necessary to prevent this for protection. Large driving force cannot be exhibited.

On the other hand, both gasoline and electric vehicles are braked to stop them. As a result, the brake shoe comes into contact with the brake disk, and the vehicle is braked by the frictional resistance. For this reason, the brake shoes are consumed with use, and therefore need to be replaced every predetermined running distance. It has also been reported that harmful gases are generated by the heat generated by the brake shoes.

[0005]

As described above, vehicles such as gasoline-powered vehicles and electric vehicles require a large amount of energy at the time of starting, and thus have problems such as environmental destruction and the necessity of large-capacity storage batteries. was there. Also,
At the time of braking, there is a problem that the brake device is worn and harmful gas is generated.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to prevent wear of a brake device during a braking operation and to minimize generation of harmful gas.
In addition, it is necessary to be able to store the energy, and to be able to use the stored energy effectively at the start.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A first aspect of the present invention is directed to a vehicle powered by a gasoline engine, a diesel engine, or the like, or a vehicle powered by an electric motor such as a storage battery or a solar battery. First means for taking out the rotational force of the traveling rotary shaft of the vehicle in conjunction with the operation;
A variable rotation speed amplification mechanism for increasing the rotation speed of the rotation force taken out by the first means in proportion to the depression of the brake pedal; and a second rotation speed conversion mechanism for converting the rotation force output from the rotation speed variable amplification mechanism into compressed air. The second means, the third means for storing the compressed air obtained by the second means, the fourth means for auxiliary driving the power source, and the compressed air stored in the third means And a fifth means for supplying to the fourth means in conjunction with an operation of an accelerator pedal of the vehicle.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, an on-off valve for sending a hydraulic pressure by depressing the brake pedal to a brake device provided in the vehicle, wherein the on-off valve has a hydraulic pressure of 0 or more and P1 When it is less than P2, the hydraulic pressure is sent to the brake device, when it is equal to or more than P1 and less than P2 (> P1), the hydraulic pressure is cut off, and when it is P2 or more, the hydraulic pressure is sent.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[First Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a vehicle showing an embodiment when applied to a gasoline vehicle. Reference numeral 1 denotes a front wheel, which is provided with a brake device 2, and a shaft 3 of which is supported by a body by a suspension 4. Reference numeral 5 denotes a rear wheel, which is similarly provided with a brake device 6, and a shaft 7 of which is supported on a body by a suspension device 8.

Reference numeral 9 denotes a gasoline engine. A flywheel gear 11 also serving as a starter wheel is fixed to a crankshaft 10, and its output end is connected to a transmission 12. An output shaft 13 of the transmission 12 is coupled to a propeller shaft 15 via a universal joint (universal joint) 14,
The other end of the propeller shaft 15 is connected to a differential gear device (differential gear box) 18 via another universal joint 16 and a shaft 17. The shaft 7 of the rear wheel 5 is connected to the differential gear device 18.

In the present embodiment, a gear 21 for recovering torque is fixed to the output shaft 13 of the transmission 12 of such a basic mechanism of a gasoline vehicle. Reference numeral 22 denotes a rotation rectification function for converting the forward / reverse rotation of the input shaft 221 into a rotation in a fixed direction (for example, a rectifying gear is provided between an input gear and an output gear, and when the input gear is rotated forward, the input gear is output. A mechanism that directly meshes with the gears and transmits the rotation of the input gear to the output gear via the commutation gear when the motor rotates in the reverse direction.) 1 having a clutch function for disconnecting (for example, can be realized by an electromagnetic clutch or the like).
A directional rotation transmitting / blocking device, and a gear 23 meshing with the gear 21 is fixed to an input shaft 221 of the directional rotation transmitting / cutting device.

Reference numeral 24 denotes a conical surface friction transmission device, which is shown in FIG.
As shown in an enlarged view, between a driving cone 242 fixed to a driving shaft 241 functioning as an output shaft of the one-way rotation transmitting / blocking device 22 and a driven cone 244 fixed to a driven shaft 243. , A friction roller 245 is interposed.

Therefore, this conical surface friction transmission device 24
When the large diameter portion of the driving cone 242 and the small diameter portion of the driven cone 244 are frictionally coupled by the friction rollers 245, the rotation speed of the driving shaft 241 is increased and transmitted to the driven shaft 243.

Conversely, when the small diameter portion of the driving cone 242 and the large diameter portion of the driven cone 244 are frictionally coupled by the friction rollers 245, the rotation speed of the manual shaft 241 is reduced and transmitted to the driven shaft 243. You.

Reference numeral 25 denotes a driven shaft 2 of the conical surface friction transmission device 24.
The flywheel 43 is used to increase the rotational inertia of the driven shaft 243.

Reference numeral 26 denotes a rotary compressor that operates using the rotational force of the driven shaft 243 as a drive source, and sends the generated compressed air to a high-pressure tank 27 at the next stage via a pipe 28 and a check valve 29. Reference numeral 30 denotes a safety valve of the high-pressure tank 27, which operates when the pressure in the tank exceeds a predetermined value to release compressed air to the outside air.

An accelerator pedal 31 opens and closes an on-off valve 32 when depressed, and supplies compressed air output from a high-pressure tank 27 via a pipe 33 to a rotary compressor 34. A gear 35 with an overrunning clutch is fixed to the output shaft 341 of the rotary compressor 34 and meshes with the flywheel gear 11. That is, the gear 35 transmits the rotational force from the rotary compressor 34 to the flywheel gear 11,
The rotational force from the flywheel gear 11 is not transmitted to the rotary compressor 34.

Reference numeral 51 denotes a brake pedal, which is linked with a brake driving cylinder 53 via a lever 52 for transmitting the depressing force, and pushes a piston 531 therein. When the brake pedal 51 is depressed, the clutch function inside the one-way rotation transmission / shutoff device 22 is turned on (power transmission) in conjunction with the depression.

The output hydraulic pressure of the brake driving cylinder 53 is
Rotational speed amplification control cylinder 5 via pipes 54 and 55
6, and to the drive pistons (not shown) of the brake devices 2, 6 for the front wheels and the rear wheels via pipes 54, 57, respectively. 58 is a pressure gauge for detecting the output oil pressure of the brake driving cylinder 53. Reference numeral 59 denotes an on-off valve for controlling on / off of the hydraulic pressure to the rotation speed amplification rate control cylinder 56, and reference numeral 60 denotes an on-off valve for controlling on / off of the hydraulic pressure to the brake devices 2, 6.

These on-off valves 59 and 60 are normally open valves. As shown in FIG. 3, when the pressure detected by the pressure gauge 58 is 0 to less than P1, both are open. One of the on-off valves 60 is closed, and P2 (> P
When 1) is reached, the other on-off valve 59 is controlled to close and the one on-off valve 60 is opened.

The above-described rotational speed amplification rate control cylinder 56
As shown in FIG. 2, an adjustment shaft 562 is connected to a piston 561 whose movement is controlled by hydraulic pressure, and the adjustment shaft 5
The tip of 62 is connected to the friction roller 245 of the conical friction transmission device 24 described above. In addition, this piston 561
Is a built-in return device (spring, etc.) when the oil pressure drops
Returns to the original state.

Next, the operation will be described. After the engine 9 is started to start running, the vehicle is in a normal running state by the rotation of the propeller shaft 15 receiving the output of the transmission 12. At this time, the gears 21 and 23 also rotate,
Although the rotational force of the output shaft 13 is input to the one-way rotation transmitting / blocking device 22, the clutch function is off (clutch is disconnected) because the brake pedal 51 is not depressed, and the rotation of the output shaft 13 is performed. The force is interrupted by this one-way rotation transmission / interruption device 22 and is not transmitted to the conical friction transmission device 24. Further, since the brake pedal 51 is not depressed in this way, the instruction of the pressure gauge 58 for detecting the output oil pressure of the brake driving cylinder 53 is P1 or less,
The on-off valves 59, 60 remain open.

Here, when the brake pedal 51 is depressed, the clutch function of the one-way rotation transmitting / blocking device 22 is turned on, and the rotational force of the output shaft 13 is transmitted by the one-way rotation transmitting / blocking device 22 to rotate the rotary shaft. The compressor 26 starts driving. Even when the vehicle is moving backward (back running), the rotation direction is rectified and transmitted by the one-way rotation transmission / blocking device 22, so that the rotary compressor 26 similarly starts to drive.

When the depression of the brake pedal 51 is increased and the indication of the pressure gauge 58 reaches P1, the opening / closing valve 60 closes, so that the hydraulic pressure (P1 or more) due to the depression of the brake pedal 51 increases the rotational speed amplification factor. Control cylinder 5
6, and pushes the piston 561 to advance the adjustment shaft 562 in the direction of arrow A. For this reason, the friction rollers 245 advance, the rotation speed conversion ratio of the conical surface friction transmission device 24 increases, and the rotation speed of the output shaft 13 due to running is amplified and transmitted to the rotary compressor 26, and the compression is performed. More air is produced.

While the hydraulic pressure is between 0 and P1, the on-off valve 6
0 is open and the hydraulic pressure is applied, but the pressure is low and the braking force by the brake devices 2 and 6 is small, so that there is no major obstacle to energy recovery. The reason that the on-off valve 60 is opened while the oil pressure is between 0 and P1 is that the on-off valve 6 is opened in order to cope with a brake failure.
This is because 0 has a normally open structure.

As described above, the energy from the running of the vehicle is converted into compressed air by the rotary compressor 26 and stored in the high-pressure tank 27. At this time, the operation of converting the compressed air into a compressed air becomes a load on the rotation of the output shaft 13, and the operation of braking the rotation of the output shaft 13 is also performed at the same time. That is, the braking operation is performed simultaneously.

However, in the initial stage of the depression of the brake pedal 51, the friction roller 245 is located on the left side in FIG.
, The load on the output shaft 13 is small, and the speed of the vehicle does not suddenly decrease. When the depression of the brake pedal 51 is increased, the friction rollers 245 move to the right in FIG. 2 and the rotation speed amplification factor increases, so that the load on the output shaft 13 increases,
A large braking force is applied. As described above, the control is performed so that the rotational speed amplification rate of the conical surface friction transmission device 24 is increased in proportion to the depressing force of the brake pedal 51, so that a phenomenon in which a so-called sudden braking is applied does not occur.

When the depression of the brake pedal 51 is further increased and the indication of the pressure gauge 58 reaches P2, the on-off valve 59 closes and the on-off valve 60 opens. Therefore, the hydraulic pressure of the brake drive cylinder 53 is transmitted to the brake devices 2 and 6 of the front wheel 1 and the rear wheel 5, and finally the brakes by the brake devices 2 and 6 operate, thereby ensuring safety. Thereafter, the depressing force of the brake pedal 51 is weakened, and if the pressure gauge 58 indicates a value below P2, the brakes by the brake devices 2 and 6 are released. If the pressure falls below P1, the collection cylinder 561 is also moved in the direction of arrow B. Return.

The energy recovered during the braking operation as described above is temporarily stored in the high-pressure tank 27. If the energy is equal to or higher than a predetermined pressure, the safety valve 30 is opened and the compressed air is discharged to the outside air.

Next, when the accelerator pedal 31 is depressed,
The on-off valve 32 is turned on in accordance with the depression amount, and the compressed air in the high-pressure tank 27 is supplied to the rotary rotary compressor 34.
Is driven to rotate. As a result, the flywheel 11 is assisted by the gear 35 to supplement the rotational force of the engine 9, so that the load on the engine 9 can be reduced as compared with acceleration and starting by the engine 9 alone.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the traveling energy of the vehicle is collected and stored as compressed air at the time of the brake operation, and the vehicle is assisted by the compressed air at the time of acceleration or starting. In addition, the amount of brake equipment used during braking is reduced, and frictional wear such as brake shoes is reduced.Furthermore, since less engine driving force is required during acceleration and starting, fuel consumption is reduced and exhaust gas is also reduced. Less. Especially, stop /
It is effective when the start is repeated.

[Second Embodiment] FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram of a vehicle showing a second embodiment. The same components as those in FIG. 1 for describing the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals. In the second embodiment, the auxiliary tank 36 is connected to the high-pressure tank 27 by pipes 37 and 38, and the high-pressure tank 27 is connected to the pipe 37 only from the high-pressure tank 27 side to the auxiliary tank 36 at a pressure Pa or more. An on-off valve 39 for sending compressed air when the
Is provided with an opening / closing valve 40 for sending compressed air when the pressure of the high-pressure tank 27 becomes lower than the pressure Pb (<Pa) only from the auxiliary tank 36 to the high-pressure tank 27. When the pressure in the auxiliary tank 36 exceeds a predetermined pressure, the safety valve 30 operates.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, compared with the first embodiment, a large amount of compressed air can be stored in a high-pressure state, and the auxiliary driving of the engine can be performed more effectively. You can do it.

[Other Embodiments] The present invention is not limited to the above description. In the above description, the conical surface friction transmission device 24 is used to increase the rotation speed amplification factor as the brake pedal 51 is depressed. However , another rotation speed variable amplification mechanism (for example, a conical surface friction transmission device 24) is used. A mechanism in which the friction roller 245 is replaced by a belt that extends over a main driving cone 242 and a driving cone 244 , and a V that is used as a transmission mechanism of a scooter.
There are many others such as a mechanism using a belt. ) But it may also be used.

The on-off valve 35, which opens and closes in conjunction with the depression of the accelerator pedal 34, can be replaced with an adjusting valve that continuously increases the valve opening in proportion to the amount of depression of the accelerator pedal 34.

Further, in the above description, the brake driving cylinder 5
Although the oil pressure in 3 is shared between the conventional brake control and the control of the rotation speed amplification rate control cylinder 56, they can be provided separately. That is, a recovery cylinder in which the piston is pushed in proportion to the depression of the brake pedal 51 is provided separately from the brake control cylinder 53, and the rotation speed amplification rate control cylinder 5 is operated by the hydraulic pressure of the recovery cylinder.
6 can also be controlled. At this time, for example, if the play of the brake pedal 51 with respect to the brake control cylinder 53 is made larger than the play with respect to the recovery cylinder, the recovery energy is collected by the recovery cylinder at the initial stage of the depression of the brake pedal 51, and The braking by the brake control cylinder 53 is also applied from the middle of the process. This ratio can be freely adjusted by setting the play.

[0037]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the running energy of the vehicle can be recovered as compressed air when the brake is operated, and a braking force is generated at that time, so that the braking force by the brake device can be assisted. In addition, the wear of the brake shoes can be reduced, and the generation of harmful gas can be reduced. Further, the collected compressed air can be used for another purpose.

According to the second aspect, the collected compressed air can be used as an auxiliary power source at the time of acceleration or start.
The load on the engine at that time can be reduced, fuel consumption and exhaust gas can be reduced, and when applied to electric vehicles, battery consumption can be reduced, start starting power can be increased, and the like. be able to.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view of a vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the conical surface friction transmission device of FIG. 1 and its vicinity.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the on-off valves 59 and 60 in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory view of a vehicle according to a second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: front wheel, 2: brake device, 3: axle, 4: suspension device,
5: rear wheel, 6: brake device, 7: shaft, 8: suspension device,
9: engine, 10: crankshaft, 11: flywheel gear also serving as a starter wheel, 12: transmission (transmission), 13: output shaft, 14: universal joint (universal joint), 15: propeller shaft, 1
6: universal joint, 17: shafts 17, 18: differential gear device (differential gear box), 21: gear for recovering rotational force, 22: one-way rotation transmitting / cutting device, 23: gear,
24: conical surface friction transmission device, 241: main drive shaft 241, 2
42: driven cone, 243: driven shaft, 244: driven cone, 245: friction roller, 26: rotary compressor,
27: high pressure tank, 28: pipe, 29: check valve, 3
0: safety valve, 31: accelerator pedal, 32: open / close valve, 3
3: pipe, 34: rotary compressor, 341: output shaft of rotary compressor, 35: gear with overrunning clutch, 36: auxiliary tank, 37, 38:
Pipes, 39, 40: open / close valve, 51: brake pedal,
52: lever, 53: brake drive cylinder, 531:
Piston, 54, 55: pipe, 56: rotation speed amplification rate control cylinder 56, 57: pipe, 58: pressure gauge, 5
9 :, 60: open / close valve.

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A vehicle powered by a gasoline engine, a diesel engine, or the like, or a vehicle powered by an electric motor such as a storage battery or a solar battery, for running the vehicle in conjunction with operation of a brake pedal of the vehicle. first means for taking out a rotational force of the rotary shaft, the brake pedal rotational speed of the rotating force is taken out by the first means
Variable speed amplification mechanism that increases in proportion to the depression of the vehicle
Second means for converting the rotational force output from the variable speed amplification mechanism into compressed air, third means for storing the compressed air obtained by the second means, and assisting the power source. A fourth means for driving; and a fifth means for supplying the compressed air stored in the third means to the fourth means in conjunction with the operation of an accelerator pedal of the vehicle. And equipment. 2. A brake device provided in the vehicle.
On-off valve for sending hydraulic pressure by depressing the brake pedal
The on-off valve is arranged so that when the oil pressure is 0 or more and less than P1,
The hydraulic pressure is sent to the brake device, and P1 or more and P2 (>
When the pressure is less than P1), the transmission of the hydraulic pressure is shut off.
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic pressure is delivered .