JP2940135B2 - Melt blow nozzle - Google Patents

Melt blow nozzle

Info

Publication number
JP2940135B2
JP2940135B2 JP28508290A JP28508290A JP2940135B2 JP 2940135 B2 JP2940135 B2 JP 2940135B2 JP 28508290 A JP28508290 A JP 28508290A JP 28508290 A JP28508290 A JP 28508290A JP 2940135 B2 JP2940135 B2 JP 2940135B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
traction fluid
orifice
tip
nozzle
melt blow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP28508290A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH04163359A (en
Inventor
尚 有本
英夫 磯田
茂樹 田中
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toyobo Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Toyobo Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toyobo Co Ltd filed Critical Toyobo Co Ltd
Priority to JP28508290A priority Critical patent/JP2940135B2/en
Publication of JPH04163359A publication Critical patent/JPH04163359A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2940135B2 publication Critical patent/JP2940135B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 (産業上の利用分野) 本発明は、極細繊維からなる不織布を、ポリマー玉を
発生させずに極少量の牽引流体によって効率よく製造す
るのに用いられるメルトブローノズルに関する。
Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a melt blow nozzle used for efficiently producing a nonwoven fabric made of ultrafine fibers with a very small amount of traction fluid without generating polymer beads.

(従来の技術) メルトブロー法によって極細繊維から成る不織布を製
造する方法は、特公昭41−7883号公報、特公昭43−2024
8号公報、特公昭44−13210号公報等に開示されている。
(Prior Art) A method for producing a nonwoven fabric made of ultrafine fibers by a melt blowing method is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 41-7883 and Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 43-2024.
No. 8, JP-B-44-13210 and the like.

牽引流体を、有効に活用する方法として、特公昭43−
22333号公報のように、牽引流体を圧縮膨張させたもの
があるが、糸径は太いものに限り有効である。
As a method of effectively using traction fluid,
As described in Japanese Patent No. 22333, there is a fluid obtained by compressing and expanding a traction fluid, but it is effective only when the yarn diameter is large.

また、オリフイス周りの構造を改良したものが、特公
昭44−13210号公報、特公昭44−22232号公報、特公昭44
−22525号公報、特公昭44−25871号公報、特公昭44−25
872号公報、特公昭47−44446号公報などにに示されてい
るが、何れも糸径は太い。
In addition, the structure around the orifice is improved, as disclosed in JP-B-44-13210, JP-B-44-22232 and JP-B-44-22232.
-22525, JP-B-44-25871, JP-B-44-25
No. 872, JP-B-47-44446, etc., all have a large yarn diameter.

製造条件を工夫して極細繊維不織布を得る方法とし
て、紡糸温度または牽引流体温度を高くし、ポリマーの
溶融粘度を下げることによって極細化する方法がある
が、これによるとポリマーの熱劣化をともない、結果と
して得られる不織布は強力の低いものとなり、実用上問
題となる。
As a method of obtaining a microfiber nonwoven fabric by devising the production conditions, there is a method of raising the spinning temperature or the pulling fluid temperature and reducing the melt viscosity of the polymer to make it ultrafine, but with the thermal degradation of the polymer, The resulting nonwoven is of low strength and poses a practical problem.

高圧の牽引流体を用いて糸径を細くする方法がある
が、極細不織布を得るために多量の牽引流体量を必要と
するためコストが高くなってしまい好ましくない。
Although there is a method of using a high-pressure traction fluid to reduce the yarn diameter, a large amount of traction fluid is required to obtain an ultrafine nonwoven fabric, which is not preferable because the cost increases.

(発明が解決しようとする課題) 本発明は、極細不織布の製造方法における従来の欠
点、即ち糸径の細いものを得ようとすると多量の牽引流
体を必要とすることを解消し、極少量の牽引流体によっ
て、極細繊維不織布を得るのに好適なメルトブローノズ
ルを提供しようとするものである。
(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention solves the conventional drawbacks in the method for producing an ultrafine nonwoven fabric, that is, the need for a large amount of traction fluid in order to obtain a thin yarn, and the use of a very small amount of fluid. An object of the present invention is to provide a melt blow nozzle suitable for obtaining a microfiber nonwoven fabric by a traction fluid.

(課題を解決するための手段) 即ち本発明は、ノズル先端部分にフラットな部分を有
し、該フラットな部分を中心として、ノズル幅方向を短
軸とし、牽引流体の吹き込み方向を長軸とする楕円形オ
リフイスが開孔し、該楕円オリフイスの長軸aと短軸b
との比a/bが、1.5以上5.0以下であることを特徴とする
メルトブローノズルである。
(Means for Solving the Problems) That is, the present invention has a flat portion at the tip of the nozzle, with the flat portion as the center, the short axis in the nozzle width direction, and the long axis in the blowing direction of the traction fluid. An elliptical orifice is opened, and a major axis a and a minor axis b of the elliptical orifice are opened.
A / b is 1.5 or more and 5.0 or less.

以下本発明を詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

本発明におけるメルトブローノズル1の構成は、第1
図に示すように、オリフイス3の先端に、フラットな部
分4を有する。このように先端にフラットな部分4が無
いと、取扱時に先端部分を傷つけやすいばかりでなく、
充分に極細化することができない。本発明における楕円
形オリフイスの断面の長軸aと短軸bとの比a/bは、1.5
以上5.0以下であることが必要である。a/bが1.5より小
さいと、オリフイス先端の切り欠き部分5の長さが短く
なるため、溶融ポリマーと牽引流体との接触面積が小さ
くなり、高速流体による牽引力を有効に活用することが
出来ず、極細不織布を得るためには多量の牽引流体が必
要となる。a/bが5.0より大きいと、糸切れを起こし結果
として糸径が太くなり、また、シート中に玉状物が存在
し、好ましくない。また、シートの強力も弱くなってし
まい実用上問題である。
The configuration of the melt blow nozzle 1 in the present invention is as follows.
As shown in the figure, the orifice 3 has a flat portion 4 at the tip. Without the flat portion 4 at the tip, not only is the tip easily damaged during handling,
It cannot be sufficiently reduced in size. The ratio a / b of the major axis a to the minor axis b of the cross section of the elliptical orifice in the present invention is 1.5.
It must be at least 5.0 and no more. If a / b is smaller than 1.5, the length of the cutout portion 5 at the tip of the orifice becomes short, so that the contact area between the molten polymer and the traction fluid becomes small, and the traction force by the high-speed fluid cannot be effectively utilized. In order to obtain an ultrafine nonwoven fabric, a large amount of traction fluid is required. If a / b is more than 5.0, the yarn breaks and the yarn diameter becomes large as a result, and beads are present in the sheet, which is not preferable. Further, the strength of the sheet is weakened, which is a practical problem.

その他のノズルに関する適切なディメンジョンとし
て、オリフイス3の先端のフラットな部分4がリップ2
の下面より内部にあるのが望ましい。オリフイスの先端
位置Lは0.1mm以上1.5mm以下、好ましくは0.3mm以上0.6
mm以下である。
As a suitable dimension for the other nozzles, the flat part 4 at the tip of the orifice 3
It is desirable to be inside from the lower surface of the. The tip position L of the orifice is 0.1 mm or more and 1.5 mm or less, preferably 0.3 mm or more and 0.6 mm or less.
mm or less.

本発明において適用できるポリマーとしては、ポリエ
ステル、ポリオレフィン、ポリアミド、及びそれらの共
重合体、ブレンド等があげられる。また、低融点無機
物、並びに金属などにも適用できる。
Examples of the polymer applicable in the present invention include polyesters, polyolefins, polyamides, and copolymers and blends thereof. Further, the present invention can be applied to low melting point inorganic substances, metals, and the like.

紡糸温度は、ポリマーの融点プラス10℃以上、150℃
以下で行うことが望ましい。牽引流体の温度は、ポリマ
ーの融点以上、融点プラス300℃以下が好ましい。牽引
流体の温度が低すぎると、ポリマーの溶融粘度が高くな
りすぎるために、吐出ポリマーの細化がおくれ、リップ
先端部分にポリマーが付着するためにドリップが多発す
る。牽引流体の温度が高すぎると、溶融粘度が低すぎる
ためにいわゆる毛管破断状の糸切れを起こし、充分に極
細化できない。
Spinning temperature is the melting point of the polymer plus 10 ° C or higher, 150 ° C
It is desirable to perform the following. The temperature of the traction fluid is preferably above the melting point of the polymer and below the melting point plus 300 ° C. If the temperature of the traction fluid is too low, the melt viscosity of the polymer becomes too high, so that the discharged polymer is thinned and the polymer adheres to the tip of the lip, so that dripping frequently occurs. If the temperature of the traction fluid is too high, the melt viscosity is too low, so that a so-called capillary breakage-like yarn breakage occurs, and it is not possible to sufficiently reduce the size.

牽引流体としては、空気、窒素、スチームなどが適当
である。引き取り方法としては、サクション機能を有す
るネット等により積層シート状に引き取る公知の方法が
適用できる。引き取り位置は必要に応じ固化が完了した
点以前または以後とすることができる。例えばポリエス
テルの場合では30〜60cm程度が適当である。引き取られ
た不織布は、必要により加熱ローラ等でプレスしたり、
エンボス加工を施してもよい。
Air, nitrogen, steam, and the like are suitable as the traction fluid. As a method of taking over, a known method of taking up a laminated sheet through a net or the like having a suction function can be applied. The take-off position can be before or after the solidification is completed, if necessary. For example, in the case of polyester, about 30 to 60 cm is appropriate. The taken-off non-woven fabric is pressed with a heating roller or the like as necessary,
Embossing may be applied.

(実施例) 以下、実施例を挙げて、本発明の構成及び作用効果を
一層明確にする。なお、実施例中の糸径測定は、次のよ
うにして行った。
(Example) Hereinafter, an example is given and the structure, effect, and effect of the present invention are further clarified. In addition, the yarn diameter measurement in the examples was performed as follows.

平均繊維径:(d) 不織布を走査型電子顕微鏡写真によって撮影し、2000
倍の拡大写真の中から、繊維100本をランダムに選択し
てその直径(di)を測定し、次式により平均値として求
める。
Average fiber diameter: (d) The nonwoven fabric was photographed by a scanning electron micrograph,
One hundred fibers are randomly selected from the magnified photograph and the diameter (di) is measured, and the diameter (di) is determined as an average value by the following equation.

実施例1 第1図において、先端フラット部分の幅(w)=0.05
mm、先端角度(θ)=60゜、オリフイス長軸(a)=0.
56mm、短軸(b)=0.15mm、孔間ピッチ(P)=1.0mm
のノズルを用いて、極限粘度0.6のポリエチレンテレフ
タレートを紡糸温度285℃で、単孔吐出量0.05g/分孔、
牽引流体として空気を用い、牽引流体温度350℃、牽引
流体圧力1.5kg/cm2でメルトブローを行った。得られた
ウエブは、平均繊維径1.0μmの極細繊維でありしかも
ポリマー玉のない良好なものであった。
Example 1 In FIG. 1, the width (w) of the flat end portion was 0.05.
mm, tip angle (θ) = 60 °, orifice major axis (a) = 0.
56 mm, short axis (b) = 0.15 mm, pitch between holes (P) = 1.0 mm
Using a nozzle of, polyethylene terephthalate of intrinsic viscosity 0.6 at a spinning temperature of 285 ℃, single-hole discharge amount 0.05g / minute hole,
Using air as the traction fluid, melt blow was performed at a traction fluid temperature of 350 ° C. and a traction fluid pressure of 1.5 kg / cm 2 . The obtained web was a very fine fiber having an average fiber diameter of 1.0 μm and was free of polymer beads.

実施例2 実施例1と同様のノズルを用い、メルトインデックス
(MI)=50のポリプロピレンを紡糸温度290℃、単孔吐
出量0.05g/分、牽引流体として空気を用いて、牽引流体
温度380℃、牽引流体圧力1.5kg/cm2でメルトブローを行
った。
Example 2 Using the same nozzle as in Example 1, using a polypropylene having a melt index (MI) of 50, a spinning temperature of 290 ° C., a single hole discharge rate of 0.05 g / min, and air as a traction fluid, using a traction fluid temperature of 380 ° C. Melt blowing was performed at a traction fluid pressure of 1.5 kg / cm 2 .

得られたウエブは平均繊維径1.2μmの極細繊維であ
り、ポリマー玉のない良好なものであった。
The obtained web was an ultrafine fiber having an average fiber diameter of 1.2 μm, and was excellent without polymer beads.

実施例3 実施例1と同様のノズルを用い、メルトインデックス
(MI)=300のポリプロピレンを紡糸温度280℃、単孔吐
出量0.2g/分、牽引流体として空気を用いて、牽引流体
温度380℃、牽引流体圧力1.5kg/cm2でメルトブローを行
った。得られたウエブは平均繊維径0.5μmの極細繊維
であり、ポリマー玉のない良好なものであった。
Example 3 Using the same nozzle as in Example 1, using a polypropylene having a melt index (MI) of 300, a spinning temperature of 280 ° C., a single hole discharge rate of 0.2 g / min, and air as a traction fluid, using a traction fluid temperature of 380 ° C. Melt blowing was performed at a traction fluid pressure of 1.5 kg / cm 2 . The obtained web was an ultrafine fiber having an average fiber diameter of 0.5 μm, and was excellent without polymer beads.

比較例1 第1図において、先端のフラットな部分の幅(W)=
0.05mm、先端角度(θ)=60゜、オリフイス先端の位置
(L)=0.5mm、オリフイス形状が、直径0.15mmの円形
であるメルトブローノズルをもちいて、実施例2と同様
の条件でメルトブローを行った。得られたウエブは、平
均繊維径が3.0μmと太く、ポリマー玉を多く含み、触
感がざらざらとしたものであった。
Comparative Example 1 In FIG. 1, the width (W) of the flat portion at the tip was =
0.05 mm, tip angle (θ) = 60 °, orifice tip position (L) = 0.5 mm, melt blow blow using a melt blow nozzle having a circular orifice shape of 0.15 mm diameter under the same conditions as in Example 2. went. The obtained web had a large average fiber diameter of 3.0 μm, contained many polymer beads, and had a rough touch.

比較例2 第1図において、先端のフラットな部分の幅(W)=
0.05mm、先端角度(θ)=60゜、オリフイス先端の位置
(L)=0.5mm、オリフイス長軸(a)=0.8mm、短軸
(b)=0.15mm、孔間ピッチ(P)=1.0mmのメルトブ
ローノズルをもちいて、実施例2と同様の条件でメルト
ブローを行ったところ、糸切れを多発し、非常に不安定
な紡糸状況であった。また、得られたウエブは、平均繊
維径が3.5μmと太く、ポリマー玉を多く含んだ品質の
劣るものであった。
Comparative Example 2 In FIG. 1, the width (W) of the flat portion at the tip was =
0.05 mm, tip angle (θ) = 60 °, orifice tip position (L) = 0.5 mm, orifice major axis (a) = 0.8 mm, minor axis (b) = 0.15 mm, hole pitch (P) = 1.0 Melt blowing was performed under the same conditions as in Example 2 using a melt blow nozzle having a diameter of 2 mm. As a result, thread breakage occurred frequently and the spinning was extremely unstable. Further, the obtained web had a large average fiber diameter of 3.5 μm and was inferior in quality containing many polymer balls.

(発明の効果) 本発明により、極小量の牽引流体で効率よく、ポリマ
ー玉を含まない良質な極細繊維不織布を得ることができ
る。即ち、安価で優れた不織布を供給することが可能と
なった。本発明で得られる極細繊維不織布は、各種フイ
ルター用途、各種保温材、衛材、電材、メディカル用品
などとして、幅広く活用することができる。
(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, it is possible to efficiently obtain a high-quality extra-fine fiber non-woven fabric containing no polymer beads with an extremely small amount of traction fluid. In other words, it has become possible to supply an inexpensive and excellent nonwoven fabric. The ultrafine fiber nonwoven fabric obtained by the present invention can be widely used as various filter applications, various heat insulating materials, sanitary materials, electric materials, medical supplies and the like.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

第1図は、本発明装置において、ノズルオリフイスの最
大径位置におけるメルトブローノズル1の断面図であ
る。第2図は、本発明のメルトブローノズルの第1図に
おけるA−A断面図である。 1……メルトブローノズル, 2……リップ, 3……オリフイス, 4……フラットな部分, 5……オリフイス先端の切り欠き部分。
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the melt blow nozzle 1 at the maximum diameter position of a nozzle orifice in the apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the melt blow nozzle of the present invention taken along line AA in FIG. 1 ... melt blow nozzle, 2 ... lip, 3 ... orifice, 4 ... flat part, 5 ... notch at the tip of orifice.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平3−19907(JP,A) 特開 昭55−90663(JP,A) 特許2611354(JP,B2) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6,DB名) D04H 3/03 D01D 5/08 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-3-19907 (JP, A) JP-A-55-90663 (JP, A) Patent 2611354 (JP, B2) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name) D04H 3/03 D01D 5/08

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】ノズル先端部にフラットな部分を有し、該
フラットな部分を中心として、ノズル幅方向を短軸とし
て、牽引流体の吹き込み方向を長軸する楕円形オリフイ
スが開孔し、該楕円オリフイスの長軸(a)と短軸
(b)との比a/bが1.5以上5.0以下であることを特徴と
するメルトブローノズル。
An elliptical orifice having a flat portion at the tip of the nozzle, having the flat portion as a center, and having a short axis in the nozzle width direction and a long axis in the blowing direction of the traction fluid, is opened. A melt blow nozzle, wherein the ratio a / b between the major axis (a) and the minor axis (b) of the elliptical orifice is 1.5 or more and 5.0 or less.
JP28508290A 1990-10-22 1990-10-22 Melt blow nozzle Expired - Fee Related JP2940135B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP28508290A JP2940135B2 (en) 1990-10-22 1990-10-22 Melt blow nozzle

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP28508290A JP2940135B2 (en) 1990-10-22 1990-10-22 Melt blow nozzle

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH04163359A JPH04163359A (en) 1992-06-08
JP2940135B2 true JP2940135B2 (en) 1999-08-25

Family

ID=17686909

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP28508290A Expired - Fee Related JP2940135B2 (en) 1990-10-22 1990-10-22 Melt blow nozzle

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2940135B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7666343B2 (en) * 2006-10-18 2010-02-23 Polymer Group, Inc. Process and apparatus for producing sub-micron fibers, and nonwovens and articles containing same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH04163359A (en) 1992-06-08

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