JP2939983B2 - Printing method, plate and blanket - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial application field> The present invention generally uses an intaglio, an intaglio offset plate, or a gravure plate to apply ink to a printing medium such as paper, resin, glass, ceramic, or IC. The present invention relates to an intaglio printing method for applying a pattern and an intaglio offset printing method.

<Prior Art> To briefly explain the conventional technique, a printing method of patterning ink on the surface of a printing material using a conventional intaglio printing plate is described below. When transferring ink to the printing medium from a blanket via a blanket, printing pressure is applied between the printing plate or blanket and the printing medium such as paper, resin, glass, etc. to transfer the ink to the printing medium. Was.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, at the time of ink transfer, if the printing pressure is applied between the intaglio printing plate or blanket and the printing medium, the physical resistance of the intaglio printing plate, blanket or the printing medium is reduced. It becomes a problem. Further, if the printing pressure is applied too much, the intaglio printing plate, blanket, or printing medium is distorted and deformed by the printing pressure, thereby causing a problem that the printing accuracy is reduced.

Also, intaglio printing plates and blankets require some degree of ink affinity and ink absorptivity. In other words, in the case of an intaglio plate, if there is no ink affinity, the ink will fall off from the recesses (intaglio cells) of the plate due to gravity or the like before the ink is carried to the printing medium or the blanket. If the affinity for the ink is too high, the transfer to the blanket or the printing substrate will not occur even if the ink is in contact with the blanket. In the case of blankets, it is more serious. If there is no ink affinity, not only will ink drop off from the recesses (intaglio cells) of the plate due to gravity or the like until the ink is carried from the intaglio to the printing medium. The transition from the plate to the blanket no longer occurs. Further, if the affinity for the ink is too high, the transfer will not occur even if the ink is in contact with the printing material this time. Therefore, it is necessary to satisfy both the conditions of the ink affinity with the plate and the ink absorptivity with the printing medium, so that it may be difficult to set the conditions. In particular, the degree of difficulty is high in the case where the ink is highly hydrophobic and the physical properties are low, such as glass.

Further, the tack required for the ink at the time of printing is limited from the viewpoint of preventing trapping and the like, and in many cases, the above problems cannot be solved only by the ink characteristics.

An object of the present invention is to provide an intaglio printing method capable of intaglio printing of a more precise pattern and an intaglio offset printing method for printing via a blanket.

<Means for Solving the Problems> According to a first invention of the present invention, in an intaglio printing method for transferring ink applied in an intaglio cell to a printing medium, the ink is magnetic ink, and Wherein the ink is transferred to the printing medium in a state where the ink in the cells is improved by changing the magnetic field of the intaglio in a non-selective manner when the ink is transferred to the printing medium. The printing method.

Further, the present invention is the intaglio printing method according to the first aspect, wherein the intaglio is a flat plate type.

Further, the present invention is the intaglio printing method according to the first aspect, wherein the intaglio is cylindrical.

Further, according to the present invention, in the first invention, the intaglio is cylindrical, and the magnetic field changes in a non-selective manner inside the intaglio along a rotation axis direction orthogonal to this direction in each circumferential direction. It is an intaglio printing method including a controllable electromagnet.

Next, a second invention of the present invention is an intaglio offset printing method in which the ink applied in the intaglio cells is transferred to a printing medium via a blanket, wherein the ink is magnetic ink, and the intaglio cells in the intaglio cells are When the ink is transferred to the blanket, the ink is transferred to the blanket in a state in which the ink in the cells is improved by non-selectively changing the magnetic field at the time of transfer to the blanket, and then transferred to the printing medium via the blanket. This is an intaglio offset printing method characterized by performing the following.

Further, the present invention is the intaglio offset printing method according to the second aspect, wherein the intaglio is a flat plate type, and the blanket is a cylindrical type.

Further, the present invention is the intaglio offset printing method according to the second aspect, wherein the intaglio is a cylindrical type and the blanket is a cylindrical type.

Further, according to the second aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect, the intaglio is cylindrical, and a magnetic field is non-selectively formed inside the intaglio along a rotation axis direction orthogonal to this direction in each circumferential direction. This is an intaglio offset printing method including an electromagnet that can be changed and controlled.

<Embodiment of the Invention> In the first or second invention, the ink is a magnetic ink, and in the first invention, the magnetic field of the intaglio is changed when the ink in the cells of the intaglio transfers to the printing medium. The blanket is used in the second invention, and the magnetic field of the intaglio is changed when the ink in the cells of the intaglio transfers to the blanket.

In addition, as a printing element used for the printing means of the first invention and the second invention, a plate-shaped intaglio or a cylindrical intaglio is used.

The plate-shaped intaglio generates a non-selective and uniform magnetic field along a rotation axis direction orthogonal to the circumferential direction in each rotation circumferential direction (rotation direction) in which the cylindrical blanket rotates in contact with the plate-shaped intaglio. A controllable electromagnet is provided along the surface of the intaglio, and the magnetic field to be changed at the time of transition in this case is a line type or a wide area type, and non-selectively changes the magnetic field. become.

The cylindrical intaglio produces a non-selective and uniform magnetic field along the direction of the axis of rotation that is orthogonal to the circumferential direction in each rotational circumferential direction (rotation direction) in which the cylindrical blanket rotates in contact with the cylindrical intaglio. A controllable electromagnet is provided along the surface of the intaglio, and the magnetic field to be changed at the time of transition in this case is a line type or a wide area type, and non-selectively changes the magnetic field. become.

Further, a blanket is used for the printing means of the second invention, and the blanket may be either a flat plate or a cylindrical plate.

In the first invention or the second invention, changing the magnetic field of the cylindrical intaglio means that the magnetic field that has been applied is changed so as to be cut, or the magnetic field that has been applied is changed so as to apply a reverse magnetic field. In some cases, the magnetic field may be changed so as to decrease the magnetic field.

When removing ink from the intaglio cell, which is the transfer side of the ink, and transferring the ink to the printing medium or blanket, apply a reverse magnetic field to the magnetic field applied so far, and then apply the magnetic field. Erasing (cutting) is efficient.

When applying a magnetic field until the ink on the surface of the intaglio is transferred to the printing medium or the blanket, the application of the magnetic field may be started before applying the ink to the intaglio, simultaneously with applying the ink, or after applying the ink. Further, it may be performed before removing unnecessary ink on the intaglio with a doctor or a wiper, at the same time as removing the ink, or after removing the ink.

As a method of non-selectively changing the magnetic field of the intaglio, a method of changing the magnetic field of the entire intaglio at a time to transfer the ink in the intaglio cells to a non-printed body or a blanket, a method in which the width of the intaglio in the circumferential direction is slightly divided. A method that changes the magnetic field in the intaglio area at a time to transfer the ink in the intaglio cell to a non-printed body or a blanket only in the area where the magnetic field has changed, the line in which the magnetic field is changed gradually by changing the intaglio in a line parallel to the rotation axis. There is a method of transferring only the ink in the intaglio cell to a non-printed body or a blanket.

For example, when the intaglio used is a flat plate, the ink in the intaglio cell before the transfer does not fall off due to gravity. Any method can be used, such as a method of transferring to an intaglio plate, but if the intaglio is cylindrical, the width of the intaglio is divided in the circumferential direction and the intaglio area is gradually changed in magnetic field, and only the area in which the magnetic field has changed is intaglio cell. Transfer the ink in the intaglio cell to the non-printing body or blanket, or transfer the ink in the intaglio cell to the non-printing body or the blanket by changing the magnetic field little by little in a line in parallel with the rotation axis. Is used.

The method of transferring the ink by changing the magnetic field of the area little by little while dividing the width, and the method of transferring the ink by changing the magnetic field little by little in a line shape are performed by stepping driving by disposing an electromagnet inside the intaglio. .

In addition, the position where the electromagnet for generating the magnetic field is incorporated into the intaglio needs to be arranged below the surface of the intaglio. In practice, the electromagnet is formed in a flat plate or a cylindrical shape in advance, and a flat plate is formed thereon. Alternatively, it is formed by forming or fixing a cylindrical intaglio.

As a method of arranging many electromagnets in parallel at small intervals,
Although it may be created by winding a fine wire, it is difficult to obtain accuracy,
It is practical to form a sheet coil because of its ease of production, low cost, and easy accuracy.

There is also a method of laminating a large number of resin sheets provided with a conductive pattern having a line pattern, cutting the resin sheet at an end portion, and connecting adjacent pairs of conductive layers to form an electromagnet. There is also a method in which a large number of magnetic core layers and conductive layers are laminated, cut at the ends, and connected between pairs of adjacent conductive layers to form an electromagnet. In this case, the number of windings of the coil is equal to the number of patterned lines of the conductive layer. In this case, the magnetic core layer needs to pay attention to physical strength such as mechanical strength in addition to magnetic permeability. For this reason, a magnetic core material such as permalloy or a plate-shaped iron core seems to be quite effective. Also, it is considered necessary to use alloy steel instead of mild steel for the magnetic core in terms of strength.

For this reason, if the application of the magnetic field line is abandoned and the magnetic field is controlled in units of an area having a certain width, the arrangement of the electromagnets becomes easy at a stretch. However, the drive system becomes complicated due to the stepping drive, and it is necessary to perform the width control in synchronization with the stepping motor and the electromagnetic control, but it is not easy, and a pattern shift between the widths occurs, In the case of a cylindrical shape, a decrease in pattern accuracy, an increase in contact pressure, distortion, and the like are likely to occur due to a difference in contact height.

In principle, it is necessary to supply a DC current, but the power supply is generally an AC power supply and needs to be converted to DC by an inverter or the like. Recently, transistors and the like having high current resistance have been made. However, considering that a DC chopper control is required when controlling a magnetic field, a thyristor control that can obtain a DC chopper current immediately from an AC current is excellent.

Further, usable inks need to have a certain excessive magnetism, and general inks have little magnetism, so that magnetism needs to be imparted by mixing magnetic powder or the like.

<Function> When the magnetic ink in the cells of the intaglio is transferred to a printing medium or a blanket by using the present invention, the transfer performance of the magnetic ink depends on the mechanical pressure, gravity, ink and transfer destination (printing Not only the affinity or electrostatic attraction with the body or blanket), but also a magnetic element is added, so that the magnetic ink escapes well from the intaglio cells, the ink remains in the intaglio cells, and the transfer performance is improved. I do.

<Example> An example in which a magnetic field is line-controlled using a cylindrical intaglio printing plate without using the blanket of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing the concept of a printing process showing one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged side sectional view showing the concept of the printing plate cylinder. Since the order of the sizes of the printing plate and the coil is completely different from that of the entire printing mechanism, it is extremely exaggerated.

The printing plate cylinder (11) has a circular shape, and has a concave portion (27) of an intaglio in which copper is patterned by corrosion or engraving on the surface. Beneath it is a coil (shown in place of (12), which is indicated as the coil placement of the entire coil) in which multilayer copper wire and mica are alternately provided in multiple layers. An AC-DC chopper control circuit (not shown) is incorporated therein. Further, since the plate copper (11) is minutely bent, it is supported by stainless steel plate copper receivers (17) from both sides to prevent this.

As the ink (13), a mixture of photosensitive resin and magnetic fine powder is used. In addition, the print substrate
This is a glass (18) in which ITO (indium-tin-oxide) is entirely sputtered. The glass (18) is on a movable table (19).

The plate cylinder (11) and table (19) recognize the position and rotation angle based on a rotary encoder (not shown) on the side of the plate cylinder and a linear encoder (not shown) on the side of the plate, and synchronize with the surface. The speed is controlled to be the same. This data is later synchronized with the magnetic field control of the coil.

In the non-application region (A), ink (13) is supplied from the ink nozzle (14) on the upper surface of the plate cylinder (11), and the ink (13) other than the concave portion (20) is scraped off by the doctor (15). The scraped ink (13) flows to an ink receiver (16), from which it leaves the printing apparatus.

The coil (12) is an application area (B) from the time after the ink (13) is scraped to just before the bottom, and may be either N or S, but non-selectively in the axial direction of the plate cylinder (11). Multiply. Therefore, the remaining ink (13) in the concave portion (20) turns to the bottom of the plate cylinder (11) while being drawn by the coil (12). The plate cylinder (11) and the glass (18) are in contact with each other to such an extent that it is difficult to determine whether or not they are almost in contact with each other.

The ink (13) which has turned to the bottom is weakly applied with a magnetic field opposite to the magnetic field applied in the application area (B) in the weak reverse application area (C) immediately after that, whereby the recess (20) in the plate cylinder (11) is applied. (cell)
It moves away from the inside to the glass (18) side.

Thereafter, the coil (12) of the plate cylinder (11) in the non-application area (D) where the ink (13) is completely separated immediately turns off the magnetic field so that ink does not return, and turns upward again.

From the area where there is no need to worry about reverse transfer of ink,
In order to adjust the entire magnetic field, the coil (12) applies a magnetic field opposite to the magnetic field applied in the application area (B) so that the magnetic field can be canceled in almost one round, and the reverse application area (E ) Is formed. This is to reduce the inflow and outflow of the magnetic field from the side surface of the plate cylinder as much as possible and to prevent the magnetic field inequality in the axial direction of the plate cylinder.

In this example, a rigid intaglio printing plate was directly used, and printing could be performed on the glass surface, which is easily broken and hardly transfers ink, with little distortion of the intaglio.

<Effects of the Invention> According to the present invention, the ink can be easily removed from the intaglio printing cells, the ink can be easily transferred, and the pressureless printing and the low pressure printing using the intaglio printing plate are facilitated. Further, it is possible to improve the printing accuracy, and to compensate for the disadvantage that the pattern becomes impressive, which is a disadvantage inherent in non-pressure printing and low-pressure printing. In addition, the mottling phenomenon can be prevented,
The depth of the intaglio plate can be improved. Furthermore, the range of possible printing suitable viscosities of the ink can be widened, and printing with an intaglio printing plate becomes possible even with an ink having a low viscosity.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing the concept of a printing step in one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged side sectional view showing the concept of the plate cylinder. 11 ... plate cylinder 12 ... coil installation part (coil) 13 ... ink 14 ... ink nozzle 15 ... doctor 16 ... ink receiver 17 ... plate cylinder holder 18 ... glass 19 ... stand 20 ... recess A: non-applied area B: applied area C: weak reverse applied area D: non-applied area E: reverse applied area

Claims (8)

(57) [Claims] 1. An intaglio printing method for transferring ink applied in an intaglio cell to a printing medium, wherein the ink is a magnetic ink and is not selected when the ink in the intaglio cell transfers to the printing medium. An intaglio printing method, characterized in that the ink is transferred to a printing medium in a state where the ink in the cells is easily removed by changing the magnetic field of the intaglio. 2. The intaglio printing method according to claim 1, wherein said intaglio is a flat plate type. 3. The intaglio printing method according to claim 1, wherein said intaglio is cylindrical. 4. An intaglio plate having a cylindrical shape, and an electromagnet capable of non-selectively controlling a change of a magnetic field in a circumferential direction along a rotation axis direction orthogonal to the circumferential direction in the intaglio plate. Item 3. The intaglio printing method according to Item 3. 5. An intaglio offset printing method for transferring ink applied in an intaglio cell to a printing medium via a blanket, wherein the ink is magnetic ink and the ink in the intaglio cell is transferred to the blanket. The ink is transferred to a blanket in a state in which the ink in the cell is removed by changing the magnetic field in a non-selective manner, and then transferred to a printing medium via the blanket. Offset printing method. 6. The intaglio offset printing method according to claim 5, wherein said intaglio is a lithographic type, and said blanket is a cylindrical type. 7. The intaglio offset printing method according to claim 5, wherein said intaglio is cylindrical and said blanket is cylindrical. 8. An intaglio plate having a cylindrical shape, and an electromagnet capable of non-selectively controlling a change of a magnetic field in the intaglio plate along a rotation axis direction orthogonal to the circumferential direction in each of the intaglio plates. Item 7. The intaglio offset printing method according to Item 7.