JP2932758B2 - Diesel engine particulate processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for collecting and incinerating fine particles discharged together with exhaust gas from a diesel engine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Many patents and utility models have been filed as devices for treating diesel particulates in automobiles to be mounted on diesel engines such as buses and trucks. Many of these devices are configured to collect fine particles with a honeycomb type filter and incinerate the filter as it is.

However, non-combustible components remaining as ash are contained in the fine particles, and the filter is clogged by the non-combustible components, and the filter function is deteriorated. In some cases, the fine particles burn rapidly and the temperature of the filter rapidly rises. In some cases, the filter may be damaged.

[0004] In order to avoid these problems, there has been developed a diesel engine particle processing apparatus for backwashing fine particles collected on a filter, transferring the collected fine particles to another place, and incinerating them at another place.

[0005] That is, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-77715 discloses a diesel engine particle processing apparatus for performing backwashing using a cross-flow type ceramic filter as a filter, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-159408 discloses a honeycomb type ceramic filter as a filter. There is disclosed a diesel engine particle processing apparatus for performing backwashing using a refuse.

[0006] It has been confirmed that the diesel engine particle processing apparatus for performing backwashing can stably collect and treat the fine particles for a long period of time. It has begun to be used for treating fine particles emitted together with exhaust gas from larger diesel engines than automobiles, such as power generators with engines and diesel engines loaded on ships.

[0007] In diesel engines used for these applications, diesel engines for automobiles are often used at a relatively low load, whereas they are continuously operated under a high load for a long time, so that fine particles in exhaust gas are not used. Since the concentration of ash is always high and heavy oil is used as fuel, the amount of ash remaining after the fine particles are burned is large.

In the fine particle incineration section of the diesel engine fine particle processing device, a large amount of generated fine particles are collected and ignited.
In addition, a resistance heater is used for incineration, but when fine particles exceeding the incineration capacity of the fine particle incineration section are sent, or when the incinerated ash of the fine particles accumulates around the heater, However, there is a problem in that the heat radiation from the heater is hindered by the fine particles and ash, the heater is overheated, and finally the wire is broken.

In order to avoid overheating of the heater provided in the fine particle incineration section of the diesel engine fine particle processing apparatus and disconnection of the heater due to the overheating, the operation of the apparatus is always stable and stable. However, there has been a drawback that the ash has to be removed from time to time, which requires much maintenance.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, and can greatly reduce maintenance work such as inspection and ash removal. It is an object of the present invention to provide a diesel engine particle treatment apparatus suitable for exhaust gas treatment of a diesel engine.

[0011]

The present invention SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION has been made to solve the problems described above, a diesel engine particulate processing device of the present invention, current capturing particulates discharged together with the exhaust gas from a diesel engine by a filter and, the fine particles collecting capturing the filter by backwashing the filter apparatus for incineration process is transferred to a particulate incineration unit, particulate burning section is subjected to fine particles have a heater provided on its underside Together with a particle holding plate provided with means for dropping incinerated fine particle ash, an ash storage unit provided thereunder, and a control unit for moving the means for dropping the fine particle ash at appropriate time intervals And characterized by the following.

The fine particle incineration section of the diesel engine fine particle treatment apparatus of the present invention is supplied with air necessary for continuing the combustion of the fine particles, so that the residual oxygen in the combustion gas is insufficient. , Air is forcibly supplied from an air supply port by a compressor or a fan.

The fine particle holding plate is disposed below the heater, preferably at a distance of 5 to 10 mm from the lower portion of the heater, so that heat from the heater is easily transmitted to the fine particles and ignited. When heavy oil is used as the fuel for a diesel engine, it usually takes about 5 tons of fine particles to burn.
Since the heater is overheated because the heater is buried in the ash and obstructs heat radiation since the ash of 〜10% by weight remains, the control unit is operated to operate the means for dropping the ash before the heater overheats.

In the diesel engine particle processing apparatus of the present invention, the level of ash accumulated on the particle holding plate is detected by a sensor at an appropriate time interval usually using a timer, a relay, or the like. When the sensor detects the temperature rise near the heater, the ash that incinerated fine particles over a certain amount accumulates, or when a large amount of fine particles are supplied in a short time and the heater is buried in the fine particles, the temperature near the heater rises to some extent The means to drop the ash move.

Therefore, there is no trouble that the heater is overheated due to the accumulation of the fine particles on the heater or the heater is buried in the ash. Inspection of parts and maintenance work for removing ash near the heater can be omitted.

In a preferred embodiment of the diesel engine particulate processing apparatus of the present invention, the particulate ash is attached so that the particulate ash falls downward when the particulate holding plate is inclined downward. Specifically, for example, it is preferable to provide a fine particle holding plate having a configuration in which a double-sided or single-sided door opens downward, and more preferably, a heat insulating material is attached to the fine particle holding plate to make it difficult for the heat of the heater to escape. Ignition and combustion can be performed more reliably.

The fine particles and the ash of the fine particles accumulated on the fine particle holding plate also function as a heat insulating material. Therefore, the fine particles can be easily incinerated by igniting the fine particles after the fine particles have accumulated to some extent.

In another preferred embodiment of the diesel engine particle processing apparatus according to the present invention, the fine particle holding plate is made of a perforated plate or a wire mesh, and a vibration means for dropping ash of the fine particles by vibrating the fine particle holding plate is attached. Have been.

As the perforated plate, for example, a punched metal or a ceramic plate provided with a large number of holes can be used. The size of the holes is 4-8 mm so that ash can easily fall.
mm, and the opening area of the hole is preferably 25 to 45%.

As the wire mesh, for example, a wire mesh for 8 to 14 mesh can be preferably used. Further, as the vibration means, for example, an electromagnetic vibrator may be used.

In another preferred embodiment of the diesel engine particulate processing apparatus according to the present invention, the heater is a sheathed heater, and the control unit is provided with a temperature sensor mounted near the sheathed heater, and the heater temperature measured by the temperature sensor is a predetermined value. A mechanism for operating a means for causing the ash of the fine particles to drop from the fine particle holding plate when the temperature is exceeded.

Since the sheathed heater is electrically insulated internally, there is no need to worry about a short circuit in the incineration part of the fine particles, and even when a temperature sensor such as a thermocouple is attached to the heater, the current flows through the thermocouple. There is no need to take care not to leak through, and the use of the sheathed heater facilitates the mounting of the sensor.

When a temperature sensor is provided in the control unit, even if a large amount of fine particles are discharged from the diesel engine for some reason, the temperature sensor ensures that the temperature near the sheathed heater rises. Since the means for detecting and dropping the ash of the fine particles is operated, it is possible to reliably prevent the sheathed heater from being overheated and damaged, and the reliability of the apparatus is further improved.

That is, as a means for eliminating the drawbacks of the conventional diesel engine particulate processing apparatus, the heater temperature may be excessively increased to avoid disconnection of the heater. Activating the control is more reliable than using an optical sensor and is often preferred.

As the predetermined temperature, an appropriate temperature varies depending on the position where the sheathed heater and the temperature sensor are used, but it is sufficient that the predetermined temperature is set so as not to exceed the allowable temperature of the heater. As the temperature sensor, an optical thermometer or a resistance thermometer can be used, but the use of a sheathed thermocouple makes it easy to change the set temperature and is easy to use.

Further, even if fine particles which have not been burned out are contained to some extent in the ash, by providing a clearance in the fine particle incineration section for allowing air to flow into the ash storage section, further combustion is performed in the ash storage section. It is also possible to proceed and incinerate the remaining unburned fine particles.

[0027]

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the diesel engine particulate processing apparatus of the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of a diesel engine particulate processing apparatus according to the present invention. Exhaust gas from a diesel engine containing particulates enters the apparatus through an inlet 1 and a cross-flow type ceramic filter 2 is formed.
Flows into. In the filter, fine particles are collected on the filter wall surface, and the filtered exhaust gas flows out from above the filter, and is discharged from the exhaust gas outlet 4 through the outlet pipe 3.

The fine particles trapped on the wall of the filter increase in thickness with time, and the pressure loss of the ventilation increases, thereby deteriorating the filter function.

Then, the butterfly valve 5 provided at the exhaust gas outlet is closed, the solenoid valve 6 is opened, and compressed air from a compressed air source (not shown) is directed from above the filter 2 in the direction opposite to the normal gas flow. Perform a backwash operation to blow into the water.

The fine particles collected on the filter wall surface are separated from the filter wall surface by the backwash air flow generated at this time, are discharged from the filter 2, fall downward, and are transferred to the particle incineration section 7.

This backwashing operation is performed alternately for a plurality of filters 2 attached, and even when one filter is backwashed, the collecting operation is continued with another filter.

In FIG. 1, the particle incinerator 7 includes a sheath heater 8, a particle holding plate 9, a guide plate 12, and an optical sensor 1
1. It is composed of an ash storage unit 10, and the falling fine particles ride on the fine particle holding plate 9 directly or after hitting the guide plate 12.

The fine particles on the fine particle holding plate 9 are ignited by the heat from the sheath heater 8 and burn.

When the incinerated fine particles accumulate on the fine particle holding plate 9, the sheath heater 8 is buried in the ash, and the heat of the sheath heater 8 becomes difficult to escape, and the temperature of the sheath heater 8 gradually increases. When the optical sensor 11 detects that ash has accumulated, the operation of a control unit (not shown) opens the fine particle holding plate 9 downward and opens the ash storage unit 10.

Thus, the ash is transferred to the ash storage unit 10 before the temperature of the sheath
Disconnection can be avoided.

[0037]

According to the present invention, a resistance heater such as a sheathed heater can be used.
Etc. is buried in ash burning of fine particles or fine particles overheated by heat radiation is prevented, now avoided be disconnected, occasionally or check the device, trouble of maintenance or to remove ash Can be omitted.

Further, by increasing the capacity of the ash storage unit 10 to some extent, it is possible to continue the operation without any trouble even if the ash storage unit 10 is left for a long time, and it is possible to greatly improve the reliability of the apparatus.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a diesel engine particulate processing apparatus according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: Inlet 2: Ceramic filter 3: Outlet pipe 4: Exhaust gas outlet 5: Butterfly valve 6: Solenoid valve 7: Particle incineration unit 8: Seed heater 9: Particle holding plate 10: Ash storage unit 11: Optical sensor 12: Information board

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) F01N 3/02 301-341

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A fine particles are discharged together with the exhaust gas from a diesel engine is collected by the filter, the particulates collected by the filter by backwashing the filter was transferred to a particulate incineration section, a device for incinerated A fine particle incineration unit, a heater, a fine particle holding plate provided below and provided with means for receiving the fine particles and for dropping ash of the incinerated fine particles, and an ash storage unit further provided therebelow. A controller for moving a means for dropping the ash of the fine particles at appropriate time intervals. 2. The diesel engine particulate processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the means for dropping the ash of the particulates is to tilt the particulate holding plate downward. 3. The diesel engine particle processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the particle holding plate is made of a perforated plate or a wire mesh, and the means for dropping ash of the particles is to vibrate the particle holding plate. 4. A heater, wherein the heater is a sheathed heater, and wherein the control unit has a temperature sensor attached to the sheathed heater, and retains the ash of the fine particles when the temperature near the heater measured by the temperature sensor exceeds a predetermined temperature. 4. A mechanism for operating a means for dropping from a plate.
A diesel engine particulate processing apparatus according to any one of the above.