JP2927101B2 - Flat detection method of wheels for railway vehicles - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for detecting a flat wear scar called flat on a wheel tread surface caused by an increase in use frequency of an excessive brake in a railway vehicle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in railway vehicles, speeding up and crowding of operation schedules have been rapidly accelerated, and accordingly, excessive brakes have been frequently used. In this case, when the braking force becomes larger than the adhesion limit force of the wheel, the wheel of the railway vehicle stops rotating and slides on the rail. As a result, on the tread of the wheel,
Sliding causes flat wear damage called flat at the contact point between the wheel and the rail.

[0003] A vehicle having a flat wheel tread has a shocking vibration when traveling on a rail, and causes various adverse effects on the vehicle or the track side. For example,
On the vehicle side, the life of the wheels is shortened, the bearings are damaged, the vehicle components are loosened, the riding comfort is deteriorated, and the like. In addition, on the track side, the rails and the sleepers are broken, and the problem of pollution due to an increase in vibration and noise along the railway is caused. For this reason, by detecting the occurrence of the flat on the tread of the wheel of the railway vehicle at an early stage and coping with it, it is possible to improve the operation efficiency, increase the speed, and suppress the influence of vibration and noise on the vicinity of the railway.

[0004] As a method of preventing the above-mentioned problems caused by the occurrence of flats on the wheel treads of the railway vehicle, at the time of regular inspection in a vehicle factory at regular intervals, the wheel treads are inspected visually or by tentacles, and flats are generated. In most cases, it is necessary to identify the wheels that are present and correct the wheel treads. However, this method requires a large number of man-hours for visual inspection or tentacle inspection of the wheel tread surface due to the large number of vehicles, and a rational inspection method is demanded.

On the other hand, as an alternative to the visual or tentacle inspection of the wheel tread, as shown in FIG. 2, in recent years, a flat detection device 23 such as a vibration accelerometer and a wheel detection Vibration that occurs when a vehicle with a flat wheel tread passes by installing the heater 24 and connecting it to the recorder in the equipment box 25,
Devices for detecting stress, sound, and the like and identifying a flat vehicle have been developed. In this inspection method, since a flat detection device such as a vibration accelerometer is installed by selecting a straight line portion of a business line or a garage line, the distance between the right and left rails, that is, the gauge distance is constant.

[0006]

In a railway vehicle having a slope on a wheel tread, a snake-like motion is performed during traveling, particularly at high speed traveling, and a load is deviated on one side of a wheel when traveling on a curve. The position of contact between the wheel tread and the rail is constantly changing. For this reason, in the prior art in which a flat detecting device is installed in a track section with a constant gauge distance, even with a recently developed high-performance flat detecting device, the flat generated on the wheel tread does not contact the rail and travels. In many cases, the probability of flat detection is low, and it has not reached widespread use.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a flat detecting method for a railway vehicle which can dramatically improve the flat detecting accuracy of a wheel tread in a current flat detecting device.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have intensively studied and studied to achieve the above object. As a result, in the conventional method, since the flat detecting device such as the vibration accelerometer is installed in the section where the distance between the gauges is constant, the axial position of the wheel tread contacting the rail is almost constant, and the flat detecting accuracy is reduced. I do. Therefore, the present inventors have found that the flat detection accuracy can be remarkably improved by bringing the entire axial position of the wheel tread into contact with the rail, and arrived at the present invention.

That is, according to the present invention, a flat detecting device such as a vibration accelerometer is installed on a rail or a sleeper of a railway vehicle to detect shocking vibration, stress, sound, etc. generated when the railway vehicle passes through the section. Then, in a flat detection method of a wheel for a railway vehicle that specifies a vehicle having a flat on a wheel tread contacting a rail, a section in which a gauge distance is gradually enlarged and reduced from a reference distance is provided, and a vehicle passing through the section is provided. The presence or absence of a flat is detected by gradually changing the axial position of the wheel tread contacting the rail.

[0010]

In the present invention, the distance between the gauges of the section where the flat detecting device such as the vibration accelerometer is installed on the rail or the sleeper is gradually increased and decreased from the reference distance. As shown in FIG. 1 (a), the wheel 1 is located inside the tread 2,
Since the rail contacts the rail 4 on the side, it is possible to detect a flat generated on the inner rail side wheel during curve running. In addition, at the reference rail distance, the wheel 1 comes into contact with the rail 4 at the center of the tread surface 2 as shown in FIG. It becomes possible. Further, at locations where the gauge distance is larger than the reference distance, as shown in FIG.
Outside, that is, contact with the rail 4 on the side opposite to the flange 3, it is possible to detect a flat generated on the outer rail side wheels during curve running.

Therefore, according to the method of the present invention, it is possible to detect the occurrence of flatness on the entire width of the tread surface in contact with the rails of the wheels of the railway vehicle, and to detect the occurrence of flatness on the wheel tread quickly and accurately. It is possible to improve the service to passengers, such as improving the efficiency of operation and speeding up, and reduce the influence of vibration, noise, and the like on residents in the vicinity of the railway. The gauge distance in the measurement section in the present invention is almost 100% if it is about ± 30 mm of the reference gauge distance.
The presence or absence of flat occurrence can be detected with the probability of.
As the flat detection device used in the present invention,
A vibration accelerometer, vibration level meter, sound level meter, level recorder, and the like can be used.

[0012]

EXAMPLE A garage line is provided with a test section having a length of 30 m, which is gradually enlarged and reduced by ± 30 mm from the standard gauge distance, and two wheel detectors are installed at a predetermined interval before the test section.
Wheel detectors were installed before and after the test section. In addition, six accelerometers were installed on the upper end of the sleeper at predetermined intervals between wheel detectors installed before and after the test section. Then, each of the wheel detector and the accelerometer is connected to a data recorder and a thermal recorder via an amplifier and a personal computer, and the approach of the train is detected by the wheel detector in front of the test section. , And the next wheel detector detects the entry of the train, and the measurement is started by the wheel detector and each accelerometer before and after the test section. In the flat detection test of wheels, the test vehicle of the 5-car train is caused to run on the test section at a speed of 45 to 65 km / hr, the bogie of the train vehicle passing by the wheel detector is determined, and the impact acceleration is detected by the accelerometer. The measurement data was recorded on a data recorder and a thermal recorder, and the maximum value of the impact acceleration when each vehicle passed the bogie was selected from the data on the chart paper. Table 1 shows the results. The numbers in Table 1 indicate the amplitude length of the chart paper, and an amplitude length of 1 mm corresponds to an acceleration of 3.1 g.

[0013]

[Table 1]

When the results shown in Table 1 are compared with the presence / absence and size of flats by visual inspection and tentacle inspection,
The flat detection rate is 100%. Regarding the flat size, the average amplitude of the chart paper is 6.5 mm or more, and the maximum value is 13 mm or more.
3.2 mm, 12.9 to 6.5 mm at the maximum value is flat, while 3.1 to 1.6 mm at the average value and 6.4 to the maximum value
3.2 mm was flat and small, and matched well with the results of visual inspection and tentacle inspection.

In the above embodiment and the description of the present invention, the case where the gauge distance in the measurement section is gradually expanded and reduced from the reference distance has been described. It is considered that the same result can be obtained even if the whole is configured to be in contact with the rail.

[0016]

As described above, according to the method of the present invention, the flat detection accuracy of the wheels for railway vehicles is dramatically improved, so that the vehicle repair is greatly rationalized, the track repair cost is reduced, and the vehicle riding comfort is improved. It can be improved, and it is also effective as a measure against vibration and noise to the area around the railway.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining the principle of the present invention,
(A) The figure shows the part where the gauge distance is reduced from the reference distance,
(B) is an explanatory diagram of a portion where the gauge distance is a reference distance, and (c) is an explanatory diagram of a portion where the gauge distance is larger than the reference distance.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating a conventional flat detection method for a wheel for a railway vehicle.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wheel 2 Tread surface 3 Flange 4, 21 Rail 22 Sleeper 23 Flat detector 24 Wheel detector 25 Equipment box

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A flat detection device such as a vibration accelerometer is installed on a rail or sleeper of a railway vehicle to detect shocking vibration, stress, sound, and the like generated when the railway vehicle passes through the section, and In a flat detection method for a railway vehicle wheel that specifies a vehicle having a flat surface on a wheel tread that comes into contact with a rail, a section in which a gauge distance is gradually enlarged and reduced from a reference distance is provided, and the rail contacts a rail of a vehicle passing through the section. A flat detection method of a wheel for a railway vehicle, wherein the presence or absence of a flat is detected by gradually changing an axial position of a wheel tread to be performed.