JP2924169B2 - Soil conditioner for plant growth - Google Patents
Soil conditioner for plant growthInfo
- Publication number
- JP2924169B2 JP2924169B2 JP2314856A JP31485690A JP2924169B2 JP 2924169 B2 JP2924169 B2 JP 2924169B2 JP 2314856 A JP2314856 A JP 2314856A JP 31485690 A JP31485690 A JP 31485690A JP 2924169 B2 JP2924169 B2 JP 2924169B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- soil
- lactic acid
- plant growth
- residue
- soil conditioner
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は土壌を植物の成育に適したpHに調整する植物
成育用の土壌改良剤に関し、農業、林業、園芸に用いら
れる。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a soil conditioner for plant growth that adjusts soil to a pH suitable for plant growth, and is used in agriculture, forestry, and horticulture.
［従来の技術］ 土壌は岩石の風化と生物の活動により生成した地殻の
最表層である。その成分は複雑であり、固相はケイ酸、
アルミニウム、鉄、マンガンなどの無機質と腐食などの
有機質からなる。液相は各種の電解質を含み、風化およ
び土壌化作用、植物生育支配の重要因子である。また気
相は炭酸ガスに富み、一般に水蒸気で飽和している。[Prior Art] Soil is the outermost layer of the crust generated by weathering of rocks and biological activities. Its components are complex, the solid phase is silicic acid,
It consists of inorganic substances such as aluminum, iron and manganese and organic substances such as corrosion. The liquid phase contains various electrolytes and is an important factor in weathering and soil formation, and in controlling plant growth. The gas phase is rich in carbon dioxide gas and is generally saturated with water vapor.
このような土壌は植物を保持し、植物に水分、栄養、
酸素などを補給する。また、土壌中には多数の土壌微生
物が生息しており植物の成長に大きく寄与している。土
壌のpHは植物の成長に大きく影響し、植物の成育をはか
るにはpHの調整、管理が重要である。Such soils hold plants and give them moisture, nutrition,
Supply oxygen etc. Many soil microorganisms inhabit the soil and greatly contribute to the growth of plants. Soil pH greatly affects the growth of plants, and it is important to adjust and manage the pH in order to measure plant growth.
例えば、植物がアルカリ性障害を起こすと新葉黄化、
芯枯れ、葉脈異常が起こる。洋ラン、東洋ラン、山野
草、サツキ、シャクナゲ、水稲など酸性土壌を好む植物
は、アルカリ性土壌では鉄、マンガン、亜鉛、銅、ホウ
素などの吸収が妨げられ、生育障害が発生しやすくな
る。マンガンが欠乏すると新葉の緑色があせ、葉は小形
になる。鉄が欠乏すると新葉が黄白化する。亜鉛が欠乏
すると新葉の芯止まり、芯枯れ、果実の葉柄、ヤニの発
生やコルク化、茎や根の中心の黒化が起こる。また、銅
が欠乏すると葉の先から黄白化ししおれる。For example, when a plant causes alkaline damage, new leaf yellowing,
Core withering and vein abnormalities occur. Plants that prefer acidic soil, such as orchids, oriental orchids, wildflowers, azaleas, rhododendrons, and rice, are more likely to suffer from growth disorders in alkaline soils because the absorption of iron, manganese, zinc, copper, boron, and the like is impeded. When manganese is deficient, the green color of the new leaves fades and the leaves become smaller. When iron is deficient, new leaves turn yellow. Zinc deficiency causes dead leaves to die, dead core, petiole of fruit, development and cork formation of tar, and blackening of the center of stems and roots. In addition, when copper is deficient, the tip of the leaf turns yellowish white.
また、植物には至適pHがあり、例えば青アジサイ、エ
リカ、アナナス、パイナップル、キイチゴなどはpH4.0
〜4.6、サツキ、ツツジ、ツバキ、サザンカ、キウイフ
ルーツ、ブルーベリー、クリ、洋ラン、東洋ラン、山野
草、茶などはpH4.5〜5.0である。したがってアルカリ性
土壌、コンクリート（アルカリ性）で囲まれた土壌など
は植物の種類により土壌改良を行う必要がある。Also, plants have an optimum pH, for example, blue hydrangea, Erica, Bromeliad, pineapple, raspberry, etc.
-4.6, satsuki, azalea, camellia, sasanqua, kiwifruit, blueberry, chestnut, orchid, oriental orchid, wild grass, tea, etc. have a pH of 4.5-5.0. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the soil of alkaline soil and soil surrounded by concrete (alkaline) depending on the type of plant.
このような土壌pHの調整を行うには従来、主に硫酸、
硫黄華が用いられ、塩酸、硝酸なども一部使用されてい
る。しかしながら、これらは液状の強酸であり、そのま
ま使用すると危険性が高いので通常は粉末土などに染み
込ませ固体の形態として取り扱い性と安全性に配慮がな
されている。Conventionally, sulfuric acid,
Sulfur is used, and hydrochloric acid and nitric acid are also partially used. However, these are liquid strong acids, and if used as they are, there is a high danger. Therefore, they are usually impregnated into powdered soil or the like, and their handling and safety are considered as a solid form.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］ しかしながら、従来のpH調整用の酸性促進剤は、無機
物質であるため生体系で代謝されず環境汚染の原因にな
り、また植物の成長に寄与するところもない。また、こ
のようなpH調整剤は、土壌を酸性に保持し得る期間が短
い。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, conventional acid promoters for pH adjustment are inorganic substances, are not metabolized in biological systems, cause environmental pollution, and do not contribute to plant growth. . Further, such a pH adjuster has a short period in which soil can be kept acidic.
本発明の目的は、取り扱いが容易で安全性に優れ、環
境に対する汚染のない植物成育用の土壌改良剤を提供す
るものである。An object of the present invention is to provide a soil conditioner for plant growth that is easy to handle, has excellent safety, and has no pollution to the environment.
［課題を解決するための手段］ 本発明は、発酵法により得られた乳酸を精製、分離し
た後の乳酸の残存する残渣を配合した植物成育用の土壌
改良剤を提供するものである。また、ポリ乳酸のマトリ
ックス中に発酵法による乳酸を精製した後の残渣を分散
した植物成育用の土壌改良剤を提供するものである。さ
らに本発明はかかる土壌改良剤を配合した植物成育用の
改良土壌を提供するものである。[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention provides a soil improving agent for plant growth, which contains a residue of lactic acid remaining after purification and separation of lactic acid obtained by a fermentation method. Another object of the present invention is to provide a soil conditioner for plant growth in which a residue obtained after purifying lactic acid by a fermentation method is dispersed in a polylactic acid matrix. Further, the present invention provides an improved soil for plant growth, which contains the soil improver.
本発明土壌改良剤の有効成分としては、発酵法により
得られるＤ−、Ｌ−又はD,L−乳酸を分離した後の残渣
を用いるのがよい。すなわち本発明による土壌改良剤と
しては、精製工程、特に蒸留工程で副製品として得られ
る残渣を用いるのが経済性の点から好ましい。このよう
な蒸留残渣中にはＮ、Ｐ、Ca、Mn、Feなど乳酸菌の培地
成分（ほとんどが醗酵品）が多数含まれる。これらは、
いずれも植物由来の物質であり植物の養分として好まし
い。乳酸はpH調整用に、グルコース、ペプトン、酵母エ
キスは、Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｏ、Ｃ、Ca、Fe、Zn、Cuなどのミネラ
ルとして植物養分になる。また、これらの残渣は、乳酸
菌の養分であるため、土壌中においても植物生育に必要
な微生物を繁殖させる。As an active ingredient of the soil conditioner of the present invention, it is preferable to use a residue obtained by separating D-, L- or D, L-lactic acid obtained by a fermentation method. That is, as the soil conditioner according to the present invention, it is preferable from the economical point of view to use a residue obtained as a by-product in a purification step, particularly in a distillation step. Such a distillation residue contains a large number of medium components (mostly fermented products) of lactic acid bacteria such as N, P, Ca, Mn, and Fe. They are,
Both are plant-derived substances and are preferable as nutrients for plants. Lactic acid is used for pH adjustment, and glucose, peptone, and yeast extract are plant nutrients as minerals such as N, P, O, C, Ca, Fe, Zn, and Cu. In addition, since these residues are nutrients of lactic acid bacteria, microorganisms required for plant growth also propagate in soil.
土壌中の前記蒸留残渣は土壌のpHを調整して植物の適
正な成育環境を整える。残渣に含有されるＬ−乳酸は養
分として植物代謝経路に取り込まれるので好ましい。ま
た、土中で微生物により分解されるので環境を汚染する
ことない。The distillation residue in the soil adjusts the pH of the soil to provide an appropriate growth environment for the plant. L-lactic acid contained in the residue is preferable because it is taken into the plant metabolic pathway as a nutrient. In addition, since it is decomposed by microorganisms in the soil, it does not pollute the environment.
さらに本発明の土壌改良剤としては、ポリ乳酸のマト
リックス中に前記の残渣を分散したものであってもよ
い。かかるポリ乳酸としては分子量1,000〜1,000,000の
ものが用いられる。ポリ乳酸は土壌中で徐々に加水分解
されて放出され、長期間にわたり一定の酸性に土壌を保
つ。なお、この徐放性はポリ乳酸の分子量を調整するこ
とにより制御することができる。ポリ乳酸としてはポリ
Ｌ−乳酸、ポリＤ−乳酸、ポリD,L−乳酸のいずれであ
ってもよい。これらのポリ乳酸は、前記乳酸を原料とし
て触媒を用いて縮合重合を行うなど公知の方法により製
造することができる。残渣とポリ乳酸マトリックスとの
混合割合は、ポリ乳酸マトリックス100重量部に対して
乳酸または残渣10〜900量部である。Further, as the soil conditioner of the present invention, the above residue may be dispersed in a polylactic acid matrix. As such polylactic acid, those having a molecular weight of 1,000 to 1,000,000 are used. Polylactic acid is gradually hydrolyzed and released in the soil, and keeps the soil at a constant acidity for a long period of time. The sustained release can be controlled by adjusting the molecular weight of polylactic acid. The polylactic acid may be any of poly L-lactic acid, poly D-lactic acid, and poly D, L-lactic acid. These polylactic acids can be produced by a known method such as performing condensation polymerization using the lactic acid as a raw material and a catalyst. The mixing ratio of the residue and the polylactic acid matrix is 10 to 900 parts by weight of lactic acid or the residue based on 100 parts by weight of the polylactic acid matrix.
このようなマイクロカプセル化した乳酸または残渣か
らなる土壌改良剤を製造するにはポリ乳酸マトリックス
を溶媒に溶解した後に乳酸または残渣を添加して溶媒を
蒸発させてもよく、また残渣の存在下に乳酸の重合を行
ってもよい。In order to produce such a soil conditioner comprising microencapsulated lactic acid or a residue, a polylactic acid matrix may be dissolved in a solvent, and then the lactic acid or the residue may be added and the solvent may be evaporated. Lactic acid may be polymerized.
このように本発明の土壌改良剤においては、その有効
成分は効果の速効性、持続性の程度に応じて選択され
る。例えばpH調整の効果を速やかに発揮するには発酵液
残渣を、また比較的早期に効果を得るには分子量の小さ
いポリ乳酸と残渣の混合物を、一方、長期間にわたり効
果を維持させるためには高分子量のポリ乳酸と残渣との
混合物を使用する。これらポリ乳酸の加水分解能を第１
図に示す。As described above, in the soil conditioner of the present invention, the active ingredient is selected in accordance with the level of immediate effect and sustainability of the effect. For example, a fermentation liquor residue is used to quickly exert the effect of pH adjustment, and a mixture of polylactic acid and a residue having a small molecular weight is used to obtain an effect relatively early, while an effect is required to be maintained for a long period of time A mixture of high molecular weight polylactic acid and residue is used. The hydrolysis ability of these polylactic acids is
Shown in the figure.
本発明の土壌改良剤は、前記蒸留残渣にさらに粉末
土、砂、養分等、適宜の成分を加えて調製したものであ
ってもよい。これら土壌改良剤中の乳酸等の有効成分の
割合は10〜90重量％であるのが好ましい。かかる土壌改
良剤を用いるにあたっては、土壌100重量部に対して土
壌改良剤0.01〜50重量部を配合する。The soil conditioner of the present invention may be prepared by adding appropriate components such as powdered soil, sand, and nutrients to the distillation residue. The ratio of the active ingredient such as lactic acid in these soil conditioners is preferably 10 to 90% by weight. In using such a soil conditioner, 0.01 to 50 parts by weight of the soil conditioner is added to 100 parts by weight of the soil.
［実施例］ つぎに本発明を実施例によりさらに具体的に説明す
る。[Examples] Next, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to Examples.
実施例１ 下記の条件により乳酸を製造した。Example 1 Lactic acid was produced under the following conditions.
乳酸菌を1.4m3バイオリアクタ内で37℃、pH7.0にて、
培地（グルコース、ペプトン、酵母エキス）中で培養
（約１日）すると約７％乳酸ナトリウムが生成した。こ
の乳酸ナトリウムをイオン交換して乳酸に変換した後、
濃縮、蒸留すると精製乳酸が得られた。このようにし
て、Ｌ−乳酸を精製した後に残った残渣の中には、乳酸
約40％、水分約10％、グルコース約20％、ペプトン、酵
母エキス各15％が含まれていた。この残渣をKOHでpH7.0
に調整した。37 ° C. The lactic acid bacteria 1.4m 3 bioreactor, at pH 7.0,
Culture (about 1 day) in a medium (glucose, peptone, yeast extract) produced about 7% sodium lactate. After ion exchange of this sodium lactate to lactic acid,
After concentration and distillation, purified lactic acid was obtained. Thus, the residue remaining after the purification of L-lactic acid contained about 40% of lactic acid, about 10% of water, about 20% of glucose, 15% each of peptone and yeast extract. The residue is adjusted to pH 7.0 with KOH.
Was adjusted.
［発明の効果］ 本発明の土壌改良剤は、安全性が高く、生体および植
物により代謝されて植物の養分となり環境汚染もない。
また、これらをポリ乳酸のマトリックス中に分散した場
合は徐放性が得られ長期にわたって土壌改良の効果が得
られる。[Effects of the Invention] The soil conditioner of the present invention has high safety, is metabolized by living organisms and plants, becomes plant nutrients, and has no environmental pollution.
When these are dispersed in a polylactic acid matrix, sustained release properties can be obtained, and the effect of soil improvement can be obtained over a long period of time.
第１図は、ポリ乳酸の加水分解性を示すグラフである。 FIG. 1 is a graph showing the hydrolyzability of polylactic acid.
Claims (3)
た後の乳酸の残存する残渣を配合した植物成育用の土壌
改良剤。1. A soil conditioner for plant growth, comprising a residue of lactic acid remaining after purification and separation of lactic acid obtained by fermentation.
る乳酸を精製した後の残渣を分散した植物成育用の土壌
改良剤。2. A soil conditioner for plant growth in which a residue obtained by purifying lactic acid by a fermentation method is dispersed in a polylactic acid matrix.
物成育用の改良土壌。3. An improved soil for plant growth, which comprises the soil improver according to claim 1 or 2.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2314856A JP2924169B2 (en) | 1990-11-19 | 1990-11-19 | Soil conditioner for plant growth |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2314856A JP2924169B2 (en) | 1990-11-19 | 1990-11-19 | Soil conditioner for plant growth |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04183782A JPH04183782A (en) | 1992-06-30 |
| JP2924169B2 true JP2924169B2 (en) | 1999-07-26 |
Family
ID=18058440
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2314856A Expired - Fee Related JP2924169B2 (en) | 1990-11-19 | 1990-11-19 | Soil conditioner for plant growth |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2924169B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6217630B1 (en) | 1999-05-03 | 2001-04-17 | Cargill, Incorporated | Conditioned fertilizer product, method for conditioning fertilizer, and method for using conditioned fertilizer product |
| CN109563006A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2019-04-02 | 国立研究开发法人国际农林水产业研究中心 | Fertilizer or soil conditioner and the breeding method of plant |
| CN115067141A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-09-20 | 辽宁省果树科学研究所 | Blueberry soil improvement method with three increases and two decreases |
-
1990
- 1990-11-19 JP JP2314856A patent/JP2924169B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH04183782A (en) | 1992-06-30 |
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