JP2920328B2 - Large area two-way curved membrane roof - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a two-way curvature membrane roof which is suitably implemented as a roof having excellent aesthetics such as a gymnasium or a cultural center having no pillars.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a membrane roof having a smooth positive and negative two-way curvature made of a Teflon membrane or the like has been already widely known because of many embodiments. However, since the strength of the film material itself is limited, the fact is that the method is actually applied only to small-scale (small-area) roofs. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, a method of constructing a membrane roof using a skeleton d that divides the membrane surface into small pieces is generally practiced. However, this method cannot form a smooth two-way curvature roof, and has a good appearance. bad.

As a structure for forming a positive and negative bidirectional curvature surface,
As shown in FIG. 7, a cable net structure in which a hanging direction cable a and a holding direction cable b having almost no rigidity are stretched and combined in a mesh shape is well known. However, there has been no conventional combination of a film material with such a cable net structure. Because the cable net structure is a square grid as shown in FIG.
This is because the properties of the film material itself, in particular, the adverse effect due to creep, in which the film itself expands when left in a state of being tensioned for a long time, cannot be solved. That is, the film material c
When combined, the membrane material will be fixed (fixed) at the four circumferences of the cable in the unit of each grit of the cable net, but the membrane material will be introduced while introducing the initial tension to the cable material without bending rigidity Is a very difficult task. In addition, the film material whose four circumferences are fixed expands in all directions with the lapse of time due to creep, and eventually becomes loose as shown in FIG. 8, and rainwater and trash j accumulate in the loosened portion, and due to the nature of the roof and its appearance. Would be very bad looking. In addition, there are many problems such as the occurrence of fatigue rupture at the end of the film material (near the fixed point) due to the fluttering of the expanded film material.

With regard to the membrane roof, within several years after its completion, it is anticipated that the tension of the membrane material will decrease due to creep, and re-tension is introduced in order to secure structural stability and suppress fluttering of the membrane material. Maintenance is performed. However, sufficient re-tension cannot be introduced into the film material in a state where the four circumferences are fixed to a cable having no bending rigidity. The reason is that the film material supported by the cable net has a low bending rigidity of the cable itself, so that it is difficult to pull in the direction perpendicular to the edge c ′ of the film material as shown in FIG. When the entire membrane roof is to be pulled as shown in FIG. 9, the tension is not introduced into the membrane material because the axial rigidity of the cable is large, and the tension is only shared by the cable. I will.

Conventionally, various methods and means for attaching the film material c to the cable a or b have been known and implemented. Generally, as shown in FIG. 11, the film is fixed with a U bolt e holding the cable a or b. A number of metal fittings g are attached at an appropriate pitch in the longitudinal direction of the cable a, and the ends of the film material c are fastened to the metal fittings g with bolts f. However, according to such means, a large number of metal fittings g for film fixing are required, the total weight thereof is large, and the structural problem of the film roof is large, and the cost is high and the construction cost is reduced. There was a problem.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a membrane roof having a large area and a membrane roof having a smooth two-way curvature.
A second object is to significantly reduce the number of members for reinforcing the membrane material and the fastening members for the membrane material, thereby achieving a reduction in man-hours and cost. Third, even if the film material is stretched by creep, it does not cause any harm immediately, and at a certain time, the re-tension can be relatively easily and efficiently introduced into the film material. It is to provide a structural membrane roof.

[0007]

As a means for solving the problems of the prior art, a large-area two-way curvature membrane roof according to the present invention is shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 of the drawings. The hanging direction member 1 and the pressing direction member 2 form a curved net having a two-way curvature, and in the two-way curved membrane roof in which the membrane material 3 is stretched on the curved net, the hanging direction member 1 has an upper surface or The lower surface member is formed of a shaped steel material such as a flat steel plate having a low bending rigidity and has a flat lower surface. The pressing direction member 2 is connected to a position sufficiently above or below the hanging direction member 1 from the film material 3 by a connecting metal fitting 4 by a connecting bracket 4. The film member 3 is fixed to the upper or lower surface of the directional member 1.

Further, both ends of the hanging direction member 1 are supported by the frame 5 so as to be able to move in the horizontal direction and to fix the position (FIGS. 4 and 5), and the hanging direction member 1 and the pressing direction member 2 are connected to each other. The connecting portion of the connecting metal member 4 to be connected to the pressing direction member 2 is
By loosening this, it is configured to be slidable along the pressing direction member, and the connecting portion of the connection fitting 4 with the pressing direction member 2 is made of Teflon slidable with respect to the pressing direction member 2. Or a structure including a rotating body such as a pulley.

[0009]

Since a curved net composed of the hanging direction member 1 and the holding direction member 2 is used, a large-area membrane roof having high strength can be constructed. Since the hanging direction member 1 also serves as a conventional metal film stopper (see reference numeral g in FIG. 11) (FIG. 2), the metal film stopper becomes unnecessary.

The membrane member 3 is fixed only to the upper surface or the lower surface of the hanging direction member 1 and is sufficiently separated from the pressing direction member 2 (FIG. 3A), so that a smooth two-way curvature membrane roof surface can be formed. Since no tension is applied to the film material 3 in the direction of the hanging direction member 1, there is almost no elongation, and there is no fear that the film material 3 becomes loose and dust or rainwater collects. By slightly loosening the connecting portion of the connection fitting 4 with the pressing direction member 2 so as to be slidable, the entire membrane roof is pulled in the direction of the pressing direction member 2 (lateral direction) to easily introduce re-tension. It can be done reliably.

[0011]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG.
FIG. 1 shows in detail a part of a two-way curvature curved net formed by using a strip steel plate 1 having low bending rigidity as a hanging direction member and a cable 2 as a holding direction member. The film material 3 is stretched in the hanging direction along the steel strip 1, and both side edges thereof are fixed only to the upper surface of each steel strip 1 as shown in FIG. 2 and are separated from the cable 2 in the pressing direction (FIG. 3A, B). The cable 2 in the holding direction is connected to the lower part of the steel strip 1 in the hanging direction by a connecting metal fitting 4 at a distance of, for example, about several tens of cm to several tens of cm so that the film material 3 does not come into contact even if it is slightly loosened. The connection fitting 4 in the illustrated example is composed of two upper and lower blocks 4 a that sandwich the cable 2.
And 4b, two bolts 4c, 4c having one end fixed to the steel strip 1 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the cable 2 and penetrate the two blocks 4a, 4b, respectively, and the nut 4d is screwed from below and tightened. Thus, the cable 2 is fixed at the connection position. Therefore, nut 4d
Is slightly loosened, so that the connection fitting 4 can slide along the cable 2. One or both blocks 4 are used to reduce the sliding resistance during sliding.
It is preferable to apply Teflon processing to the groove surface sandwiching the cable 2 in a and 4b, or to form the groove surface with a rotating body such as a pulley or a roller.

As a means for fixing the end of the film material 3 on the strip steel plate 1, in the illustrated example, a waterproof rubber sheet 6 is first laid on the upper surface of the rigid band plate 1, and the end of the film material 3 is placed thereon. Is loaded,
Further, a waterproof rubber sheet 7 is overlaid thereon, the membrane holding plate 8 is placed, a bolt 9 penetrating from the rigid band plate 1 to the membrane holding plate 8 is passed, and a nut 10 is tightened. In such a configuration, the strip steel plate 1 also serves as a film material fastening member.

Both ends of the strip 1 in each hanging direction can be moved laterally (in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the strip 1) and fixed in position by the structure shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. It is supported by. 4A and 4B, a guide rail 16 having a substantially L-shaped cross section is fixed to the frame 5 in a lateral arrangement, and a slidable hook-shaped end fitting 17 that fits inside the guide rail 16 is provided. A bolt 1 is attached to the end of the steel strip 1 in the hanging direction.
8 are integrally joined. A push bolt 19 penetrates from the inner surface of the guide rail 16, and the tip of the bolt 19 is pressed against the end hardware 17 so that the position of the steel strip 1 in the suspension direction is firmly fixed.
Of course, when the push bolt 19 is loosened, the metal end piece 17 becomes movable along the guide rail 16, and the strip 1 in the hanging direction can be moved in the lateral direction.

5A and 5B, a substantially C-shaped steel guide rail 20 having a thin cross section is fixed to the inner surface of the frame 5, and is fitted in the guide rail 20 to be slidable. The metal strip 21 is a strip steel plate 1 and a bolt 22 in the hanging direction.
Are joined together. The push bolt 23 penetrates the lip portion inside the guide rail 20, and the position of the steel strip 1 in the suspension direction is firmly fixed by pressing the tip of the bolt 23 against the end hardware 17. Of course, by loosening the push bolt 23, the metal end piece 21 can be moved along the guide rail 20, and the strip 1 in the hanging direction can be moved in the lateral direction.

Therefore, several years after the completion of the membrane roof, when it becomes necessary to introduce re-tension to the membrane material 3, first, the connecting fittings 4 for the cable 2 in the holding direction are loosened so as to be slidable. I do. In addition, the end hardware 1 of the strip steel plate 1 in each hanging direction.
The push bolt 19 or 23 for 7 or 21 is loosened to make it movable. Thereafter, by applying tension of an appropriate amount by pulling the lateral ends of the membrane roof, a predetermined amount of tension can be applied to the membrane material 3 of the entire membrane roof in a substantially uniform and efficient manner. The work is completed by tightening the connection fitting 4 in the tension state and strongly tightening the push bolt 19 or 23 against the end hardware 17 or 21.

It is also possible to form a curved net having a two-directional curvature by using a steel strip for the pressing direction member as well as the above embodiment.

[0017]

According to the large-area two-way curvature membrane roof of the present invention, a large-scale (large-area) membrane roof can be constructed. Moreover, a smooth and good-looking membrane roof structure can be realized. In addition, since the maintenance work for introducing re-tension can be performed very easily, reliably and efficiently, the utility as a membrane roof is high. In addition, the number of the metal stoppers can be reduced to reduce the weight and cost.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a part of the configuration of a two-way curvature membrane roof according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line aa of FIG.

FIGS. 3A and 3B are cross-sectional views taken along arrows bb and cc in FIG.

FIGS. 4A and 4B are a cross-sectional view and a front view showing a support structure of an end of a hanging direction member.

5A and 5B are a cross-sectional view and a front view showing a support structure having different ends of the hanging direction member.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a membrane roof using a skeleton.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a cable net structure having a two-way curvature.

8 is a sectional view taken along line 8-8 in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a state where tension is introduced into the cable net structure.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a retracted state of a film material end.

FIG. 11 is a front view of a state in which a film material is fixed to the cable with a metal film fixing metal.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hanging direction member (strip steel plate) 2 Holding direction member (cable) 3 Membrane material 4 Connection metal fitting 5 Frame

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Eiji Matsui, Inventor 10-10, Hashimotocho, Naka-ku, Hiroshima-shi Takenaka Corporation Hiroshima Branch (72) Inventor Yasuo Goehara 10-10, Hashimotocho, Naka-ku, Hiroshima-shi No. Takenaka Corporation Hiroshima Branch (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E04H 15/00 E04B 1/34

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A two-way curved membrane roof in which a hanging net and a holding member form a curved net having a two-way curvature, and a membrane material is stretched on the curved net. The lower surface is made of a shaped steel material such as a flat steel plate having a low flexural rigidity, and the pressing direction member is connected to a position sufficiently away from the film material above or below the hanging direction member by a connecting metal fitting, and the upper surface of the hanging direction member Alternatively, a large-area two-way curvature membrane roof, wherein a membrane material is fixed to a lower surface. 2. Both ends of the hanging direction member are supported by the frame so as to be movable in the lateral direction and the position thereof can be fixed, and the connection between the hanging direction member and the pressing direction member of the connecting fitting for connecting the pressing direction member. The large-area two-way curvature membrane roof according to claim 1, wherein the part is configured to be slidable along the holding direction member by loosening the part. 3. The connecting part of the connecting fitting with the pressing direction member is formed by applying a Teflon process slidable to the pressing direction member or including a rotating body such as a pulley. Item 2. A large-area two-way curvature membrane roof according to item 2.