JP2916067B2 - Opening and closing link mechanism of construction machinery - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an opening / closing link mechanism for a construction machine, and more particularly, to an opening / closing link mechanism for a construction machine such as a backhoe (hydraulic shovel), which is attached to a distal end of an arm of the construction machine, and is extended and contracted by a rod of a cylinder device. The present invention relates to an opening / closing link mechanism of a construction machine including a pair of opening / closing members such as clamps and buckets that open / close. The gripping device including the opening / closing link mechanism is used for dismantling a house or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional open / close link mechanism of a construction machine is shown in FIG.
It will be described together with 0. This opening and closing link mechanism is disclosed in
It is disclosed in JP-A-46033. First, the configuration includes a first opening / closing member 62 and a second opening / closing member 64 which are supported by an opening / closing shaft 60 so as to be openable and closable, and which are formed in substantially symmetrical shapes so as to grip an object to be gripped when closed. The first opening / closing member 62 is pivotally supported at an intermediate portion on a pivot shaft 12 provided at the tip of the arm 10 so as to be pivotable. The first shaft 6 is located on the distal end side of the position of the first opening / closing member 62 that is supported by the swing shaft 12.
6 are provided. The first shaft 66 has a second link 1
8, the other end of the second link 18 is
The shaft is attached to the tip of a rod 34 of the cylinder device 32. One end of a first link 16 is pivotally attached to the tip of the rod 34, and the other end of the first link 16 is pivotally attached to a mounting shaft 14 provided behind the swing shaft 12 of the arm 10. The second opening / closing member 64 is provided so as to be openable and closable around the opening / closing shaft 60 together with the first opening / closing member 62 so as to grip an object to be gripped, and is supported by the opening / closing shaft 60 of the second opening / closing member 64. And a second shaft 68 provided at a more distal end side. Reference numeral 70 denotes a regulating link of the second opening / closing member, one end of which is axially mounted on the second shaft 68, and the other end of which is axially mounted on a shaft mounting portion 72 specially provided on the lower surface of the arm.

According to the opening / closing link mechanism having the above configuration, the first opening / closing member 62 opens and closes via the first link 16 and the second link 18 by the expansion and contraction of the rod 34 of the cylinder device. Thus, the opening / closing shaft 60 swings about the swing shaft 12. The second opening / closing member 64 opens and closes in response to the opening / closing operation of the first opening / closing member 62 by the swing of the opening / closing shaft 60 and the action of the restriction link 70. That is, the pair of opening / closing members 62 and 64 close when the rod 34 of the cylinder device 32 is extended, and open greatly when the rod 34 is contracted.

[0004]

However, according to this opening / closing link mechanism, the middle of the first opening / closing member 62 is
The distal end side of the second link 18 is axially supported on the swing shaft 12 and the first shaft 66 is axially mounted on the first shaft 66.
It is mounted on a shaft mounting portion 72 provided below the bottom of the shaft 0. That is, in order to use this gripping device, in addition to the swing shaft 12 and the first shaft 66 for attaching a normal bucket or the like, a special shaft mounting portion 72 for mounting the regulating link 70 on the lower side of the arm is provided. Need to be formed. As described above, it is not easy for a user to specially attach the shaft attaching portion 72 to the standard arm 10. Also,
In view of the versatility of the backhoe, it is desirable not to attach special parts, and there is a problem in appearance.

Therefore, a pair of opening and closing members and a link mechanism for opening and closing the pair of opening and closing members are attached to the bracket, and an arm 10 such as a backhoe is connected via the bracket.
There is an open / close link mechanism that can be attached to and detached from. This opening / closing link mechanism is mounted on the arm 10 by using two mounting holes provided on the bracket side, the swing shaft 12 and the mounting shaft 14 on the arm 10 side, and thus the arm is shown in FIG. It is not necessary to provide such a special shaft attaching portion 72. But,
Since the link mechanism is attached to the bracket, the number of parts increases, which is disadvantageous in terms of manufacturing cost and weight of the entire apparatus. Then, at the time of attachment to the arm 10, the first link 16 and the second link 16 for operating the bucket and the like are used.
There is a problem that it is necessary to remove the link 18 and it takes time to exchange the link 18 with a bucket or the like.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an arm of a construction machine such as a backhoe with no special shaft attachment portion and to use a link used as a link for a digging bucket or the like as it is. An object of the present invention is to provide an opening / closing link mechanism of a construction machine that can be easily attached to a tip of an arm.

[0007]

To achieve the above object, the present invention has the following arrangement. That is, the present invention
A pivot shaft provided at the end of the construction machine arm, a mounting shaft provided at the rear than the pivot shaft of the arm, a pair
A first link, before KiYura shaft, the shaft in the first closing member and the rear end portion to the opening and closing shaft provided at a rear end portion of the first opening and closing member which is swingably supported in the middle part of the A second opening / closing member that is supported and opens and closes to grip an object to be gripped together with the first opening / closing member, and a first shaft that is provided on the distal end side of a position of the first opening / closing member that is pivotally supported by the swing shaft. one end of which is pivotally attached to a second link and the other end is pivotally attached to the distal end of the rod, a second shaft provided on the distal end side than the position that is pivotally supported by the opening and closing shaft of the second opening and closing member the one end is pivotally, the other end before Symbol mounting shaft is a construction machine of the opening and closing link mechanism and a pair of mounting links which are pivotally attached, the attachment axis, et al provided in the arm
Can be inserted from either side of the
The pair of first links are formed in a pin shape so as to be rideable.
And through a through hole provided in the pair of mounting links.
And the pair of first links and the pair of mounting links are axially mounted.
The length of the mounting shaft pin provided in the
Slide the mounting shaft pin in both axial directions.
And without removing the pair of first links from the mounting shaft.
The mounting shaft so that the pair of mounting links can be attached and detached.
At each end protruding from both sides of the arm of the pin,
The first link is attached inside and the attachment link is attached outside.
It is characterized by being.

[0008] Further, the present invention provides a construction wherein the construction machine comprises a hydraulic show.
The first link and the second link are
When installing a bucket at the tip of the
By being a link to move,
It can be easily replaced with a hydraulic excavator bucket to improve work efficiency.
Can be improved.

[0009]

According to the opening and closing link mechanism of the construction machine of the present invention,
When the rod of the cylinder device is in the extended state, the pair of opening and closing members are in a closed state. And the rod is contracted,
When the second link is restricted by the first link and is pulled rearward of the arm, the first link is moved as the second link moves rearward.
The opening / closing member opens in an arc upward about the swing axis. At the same time, the opening / closing shaft is rotated toward the distal end of the arm, and the second opening / closing member regulated by the mounting link opens in an arc downward about the opening / closing shaft. Thus, the pair of opening / closing members can be largely opened mutually obliquely upward. Thus, the pair of opening and closing members can be opened and closed appropriately,
The first link and the second link used as links for a digging bucket or the like can be used without removing them. Therefore, exchange with the excavating bucket can be easily performed. In particular, both ends of the through holes provided in the arm
Pin-like insertable and slidable from either side of
In order to use the mounting shaft pin formed in the first link,
At both ends, from either the rod end or the mounting shaft
Exchange the opening / closing link mechanism and the bucket without removing
Wear. Also, one end of the mounting link is axially mounted on the second shaft,
Since the other end is attached to the mounting shaft, the opening / closing link mechanism can be attached to the tip of the arm without providing a special attachment portion to the arm such as a backhoe. further,
This opening / closing link mechanism is composed of a first opening / closing member, a second opening / closing member, and a mounting link, has a simple structure, and is advantageous in terms of manufacturing cost and weight.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of a backhoe gripping device showing an embodiment of an opening / closing link mechanism of a construction machine according to the present invention, showing a state in which a pair of clamps is closed. FIG. 2 shows a state in which the pair of clamps in FIG. 1 are open. Reference numeral 10 denotes a backhoe arm. The arm 10 is pivotally attached to the front end of the boom at the rear end. Reference numeral 32 denotes a cylinder device, which is rotatably mounted at a rear end portion thereof on a shaft (not shown) provided on a rear upper surface of the arm 10. The telescopic rod 3 of this cylinder device 32
Attachment such as a bucket for excavation is operated by the operation of 4. A swing shaft 12 is provided at the tip of the arm 10 to pivotally support the attachment. The swing shaft 12 is configured such that a swing shaft pin is rotatably inserted into a through hole. Reference numeral 14 denotes a mounting shaft, which is provided behind the swing shaft 12 of the arm 10.
The mounting shaft 14 is configured such that a mounting shaft pin is rotatably inserted into a through hole provided in the arm 10.

Reference numeral 16 denotes a first link, one end of which is the mounting shaft 1
4 and the other end is pivotally attached to the tip of the rod 34 of the cylinder device 32. Reference numeral 18 denotes a second link, one end of which is axially mounted on a shaft mounting portion provided on the distal end side of a portion supported by a swing shaft such as a bucket, and the other end of which is axially mounted on the distal end of the rod 34. Have been. Thus, the rod 34
A rod connecting shaft 36 to which the first link 16 and the second link 18 are attached via one shaft pin is formed at the tip of the rod.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a first clamp, which constitutes a first opening / closing member of the opening / closing link mechanism. This first clamp 20
Is formed in a claw shape so that an object to be grasped can be easily grasped,
A swing shaft 12 provided at the tip of the arm 10 is pivotally supported at a halfway portion so as to be swingable. To the swing shaft pin of the swing shaft 12,
A mounting hole penetrating the middle part of the first clamp 20 is supported by being fitted and axially mounted. Reference numeral 22 denotes a second clamp, which constitutes a second opening / closing member of the opening / closing link mechanism. The second clamp 22 is supported at its rear end by an opening / closing shaft 24 provided at the rear end of the first clamp 20, and opens and closes together with the first clamp 20 so as to grip an object to be gripped. The opening / closing shaft 24 is connected to the rear end of the first clamp 20 and the second
An opening / closing shaft pin is inserted into a through hole penetrated through each of the rear ends of the clamps 22, so that the first clamp 20 and the second clamp can rotate and open and close with each other.

Reference numeral 26 denotes a first shaft, which is provided at an intermediate portion of the first clamp 20 at a position closer to the distal end than a portion supported by the swing shaft 12 of the arm 10. The first shaft is mounted on one end of the second link 18 instead of a shaft provided on a bucket or the like. Reference numeral 28 denotes a second shaft, which is provided in the middle of the second clamp 22 at a position closer to the distal end than a portion supported by the opening / closing shaft 24. 30 is a mounting link,
In this embodiment, it is formed in an arc shape so as to avoid interference at the time of operation, and one end is attached to the second shaft 28 and the other end is attached to the mounting shaft 14 provided on the arm 10. .

[0014] In the above description, although the opening and closing link mechanism for a construction machine according to this embodiment a planar manner described, the opening and closing link mechanism as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a pair of first links 16, 16 A pair of attachment links 30, 30 are connected. (FIG. 3 is a plan view of the gripping device of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the gripping device of FIG. 1).
Reference numerals 6 and 16 denote mounting shaft pins 3 of the mounting shaft 14 with the arm 10 sandwiched from both sides in the same manner as in a normal bucket operating state.
8 is attached to the shaft. Then, the pair of first links 1
A pair of mounting links 30, 30 from both outer sides of 6, 16
It is mounted on the mounting shaft pin 38.

The first clamp 20 has two claw-shaped members 40 integrally formed by a horizontal connecting member 42.
The second clamp 22 includes three claw-shaped members 41 each of which is connected to the horizontal connecting member 4.
3 are integrally formed. This first clamp 20
The claw member 40 of the second clamp 22 and the claw member 41 of the second clamp 22 are axially attached to each other at the rear end portions provided with the through holes by the open / close shaft pin 44 of the open / close shaft 24 so as to be rotatable and openable relative to each other. ing.

Next, a description will be given of a method of replacing the gripping device of the above embodiment with a bucket for excavation. FIG.
Is a perspective view showing a state in which a bucket 46 for excavation is mounted on the arm 10 of the backhoe. Excavation bucket 4
6 is supported by a swing shaft 12 provided at the tip of the arm 10 via a swing shaft pin 48. Also, bucket 4
6, the distal end of the second link 18 is axially mounted via a shaft pin 52 to a shaft mounting portion 50 provided on the distal end side of a portion supported by the swing shaft 12. The rear end of the second link 18 is axially mounted together with one end of the first link 16 on a rod connecting shaft 36 at the tip of a rod 34 of the cylinder device 32.
The other end of the first link 16 is mounted on a mounting shaft pin 38 of the mounting shaft 14.

Further, as shown in FIG.
Are set long so that they protrude further left and right when the first link 16 is mounted. In this mounting shaft pin 38, the left and right bushes 54 , 55 are prevented from falling off by the left and right mounting rings 56 , 56 so that the first left and right links 16, 16 are rotatably mounted on the shaft as shown in FIG. Have been. The mounting ring 56 is formed by inserting a bolt-shaped pin 58 having a male screw portion at the tip into a through hole passing through the mounting ring 56 and the mounting shaft pin 38, and screwing a nut to the male screw portion. It is securely fixed to the mounting shaft pin 38.

The bucket 46 shown in FIG. 5 can be detached from the arm 10 by pulling out the rocking shaft pin 48 of the rocking shaft 12 and pulling out the shaft pin 52 of the shaft mounting portion 50. Then, in order to mount the gripping device composed of the pair of clamps 20 and 22 and the mounting link, first, an intermediate portion of the first clamp 20 is pivotally supported on the pivot shaft 12 via the pivot shaft pin 48,
The second link 18 is axially mounted on the first shaft 26 of the first clamp 20 via a shaft pin 52. In this case, the right and left bushes 54 and 55 and the left and right mounting rings 5 shown in FIG.
6 and 56 are removed, and the mounting shaft pin 38 is slidable left and right.

Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the mounting shaft pin 38 is slid to the right so that the left end of the mounting shaft pin 38 and the end surface of the shaft attachment portion of the first link 16 on the left side substantially coincide with each other. In this state, the attachment link 30 on the left side of the gripping device is rotated,
When the through hole of the mounting link 30 matches the axis of the mounting shaft pin 38, the mounting shaft pin 38 is slid to the left. As a result, as shown in FIG.
0 is rotatably mounted on the mounting shaft pin 38. Next, as shown in FIG. 8, when the right end of the mounting shaft pin 38 and the end face of the shaft attachment portion of the first link 16 on the right side substantially coincide with each other, the right mounting link 30 is rotated, and the through-hole of the mounting link 30 is rotated. Is aligned with the axis of the mounting shaft pin 38, the mounting shaft pin 3
Slide 8 to the right. Thereby, the right mounting link 30 is also rotatably mounted on the mounting shaft pin 38 as shown in FIG. Then, as shown in FIG. 9, the mounting ring 56 is mounted on both sides of the mounting shaft pin 30 by the pins 58, whereby the mounting of the left and right mounting links 30, 30 is completed.

As described above, the bucket 46 and the gripping device can be exchanged without removing the mounting shaft pin 38. Also,
The first link 16 and the second link 18 used as the links of the excavation bucket 46 can be used without removing them. Therefore, the bucket 4 for excavation
6 can be easily exchanged, and the working efficiency can be improved. The necessity of attaching and detaching each link on the rod connecting shaft 36 also facilitates replacement. It should be noted that the mounting of the mounting links 30, 30 can be performed by replacing a short mounting shaft pin when using a normal bucket with a long mounting shaft pin, that is, completely removing the mounting shaft pin. but of course that, So detachable work
The work becomes complicated and work efficiency cannot be improved.

The mounting link 30 has one end connected to the second shaft 2.
8, and the other end is attached to the mounting shaft 14, so that the gripping device can be attached to the tip of the arm 10 without providing a special attachment portion to the arm 10 of the backhoe. Further, the gripping device includes a first clamp 20 and a second clamp 20.
The structure is simple, constituted by the clamp 22 and the mounting link 30. This is advantageous in terms of manufacturing cost and weight.

Since the gripping device according to the present invention is mounted on the arm 10 by the swing shaft 12 and the mounting shaft 14, it can be mounted corresponding to various types of backhoes and the like. The difference between the interval between the swing shaft 12 and the mounting shaft 14 causes a slight difference in the mounting angle with respect to the arm 10 when one of the clamps is closed. However, the difference is small, and there is a problem in actual use. Absent.

Next, the operating state of the above embodiment is shown in FIG.
A description will be given based on FIG. According to the backhoe gripping device including the opening / closing link mechanism of the construction machine of this embodiment, the pair of clamps 20 and 22 are in a closed state when the rod 34 of the cylinder device 32 is in the extended state as shown in FIG. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, when the rod 34 is contracted and the second link 18 is restricted by the first link 16 and pulled rearward of the arm 10, the second link 18 moves rearward. The first clamp 20 is the swing shaft 12
Draw an arc around the center and open. Opening and closing axis 2
4 is pivoted toward the distal end of the arm 10 and the mounting link 30
The second clamp 22, which is restricted to open, opens an arc downward about the opening / closing shaft 24. Thereby, the pair of clamps 20 and 22 can be largely opened mutually obliquely upward. As described above, the pair of clamps 20 and 22 can be freely opened and closed freely by the expansion and contraction of the rod 34. Further, according to the opening / closing link mechanism, since the first link 16 and the second link 18 used for the bucket are used as they are, the stroke of the rod 34 can be sufficiently used, and the workability is improved. You can also.

The opening / closing member is not limited to the clamp-shaped member as in this embodiment, but may be a bucket-shaped member. For example, if a bucket-shaped opening / closing member is attached in place of the second clamp, it can be used as an attachment capable of suitably swirling earth and sand. Further, the method of attaching the attachment link 30 to the attachment shaft 14 in the above embodiment is by inserting the attachment shaft pin 38 into both through holes . In contrast, in the preparative with link 30 one-touch, it is also possible to configure so as to be mounted on the mounting shaft pin 38 becomes complicated configuration. For example, it is providing a long hole which is partially cut out in the mounting link 30 side. The elongated hole is formed so that when the attachment link 30 is rotated about the second shaft 28 around the attachment shaft pin 38, it is fitted into the attachment shaft pin 38 from the cutout portion. Then, when the mounting shaft pin 38 is fitted, the cutout portion of the long hole may be formed so as to be closed with one touch, but the configuration becomes complicated.
You. As described above, various preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Of course, many more modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

[0025]

According to the opening / closing link mechanism for a construction machine of the present invention, a pair of opening / closing members can be suitably opened / closed, and a special shaft attachment portion is not provided on an arm of the construction machine such as a backhoe.
And without removing the first and second links used as a link such as a bucket for excavating, particularly mounting shaft pin
Since the first link is used, do not remove the first link from the mounting shaft.
And can be used as is. For this reason, there is a remarkable effect that it can be easily replaced with an excavating bucket or the like. Further, this opening / closing link mechanism can be attached and detached without providing a special shaft attaching portion to an arm such as a backhoe, and is composed of a first opening / closing member, a second opening / closing member, and a mounting link, has a simple structure, and has a low manufacturing cost and weight. It is advantageous in terms of, for example.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a state in which the opening / closing link mechanism of the embodiment of FIG. 1 is opened.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state in which a bucket is attached to a tip of an arm.

FIG. 6 is a plan view illustrating a method of attaching the attachment link.

FIG. 7 is a plan view illustrating a method of attaching the attachment link.

FIG. 8 is a plan view illustrating a method of attaching the attachment link.

FIG. 9 is a plan view illustrating a method of attaching the attachment link.

FIG. 10 is a side view showing a conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Arm 12 Swing axis 14 Mounting axis 16 1st link 18 2nd link 20 1st clamp 22 2nd clamp 24 Opening / closing axis 26 1st axis 28 2nd axis 30 Mounting link 32 Cylinder device 34 Rod 36 Rod connecting pin 38 Mounting Shaft pin

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E04G 23/08 B25J 15/08 B02C 1/02

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A swing shaft provided at a tip of an arm of a construction machine, a mounting shaft provided rearward of the swing shaft of the arm, one end is mounted on the mounting shaft, and the other end is mounted on the mounting shaft. a pair of first links that are pivotally attached to the end of the rod of the cylinder device, before the shaft KiYura, a first opening and closing member which is swingably supported at an intermediate portion, a rear end of the first opening and closing member A second opening / closing member that is pivotally supported at a rear end by an opening / closing shaft provided in the portion, and that opens and closes together with the first opening / closing member so as to grip an object to be grasped; and a pivoting shaft of the first opening / closing member. one end to the first shaft is axially mounted, it is rotatably supported and the second link to which the other end is pivotally attached to the distal end of the rod, the opening and closing shaft of the second opening and closing member provided on the distal end side than the position one end the second shaft is pivotally provided at the front end side of a position, Bei a pair of mounting links whose other end is pivotally attached to the front Symbol mounting shaft Opening and closing link mechanism for a construction machine, wherein the mounting shaft has a through hole provided in the arm,
Pin-like insertable and slidable from either side of
The pair of first links and the pair of attachments
The first pair of first members are inserted through through holes provided in the link.
Link and a pair of mounting links
The mounting shaft pin is slid in both axial directions.
By doing so, it is not necessary to remove the pair of first links from the mounting shaft.
So that the pair of mounting links can be attached and detached.
Each end of the shaft pin protruding from both sides of the arm,
The first link is attached to the inside and the attachment link is attached to the outside.
An opening and closing link mechanism for a construction machine. 2. The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein said construction machine is a hydraulic shovel.
The first link and the second link are attached to the end of the arm.
When mounting a bucket, the
The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the construction machine is a link.
Opening and closing link mechanism.