JPH0754500A - Opening/closing linkage for construction machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make attachment to an arm easy by a method wherein a first opening/closing member and a second opening/closing member are connected with an opening/closing linkage, and the second opening/closing member is constructed so that it can be opened and closed, corresponding to opening and closing motions of the first opening/closing member. CONSTITUTION:As a rod 34 of a cylinder 32 is contracted from it state of expansion, a second link 18 is drawn toward the rear side of an arm 10, being regulated by a first link 16. As the second link 18 moves rearward, the first clamp 20 opens upward in an arc round a pivot 12 for swing motion. Then, a pivot 24 for opening and closing is moved forward to the front end of the arm 10, and a second clamp 22 that is regulated by an attachment link 30 opens downward in an arc round the pivot 24 for opening and closing.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an opening / closing link mechanism for a construction machine, and more specifically, it is attached to the tip of an arm of a construction machine such as a backhoe (hydraulic excavator), and expands / contracts a rod of a cylinder device. The present invention relates to an opening / closing link mechanism for a construction machine, which includes a pair of opening / closing members such as a clamp and a bucket for opening / closing. The gripping device composed of the opening / closing link mechanism is used for dismantling a house or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 1 shows an opening / closing link mechanism of a conventional construction machine.
It will be described together with 0. This open / close link mechanism is disclosed in JP-A-56-
It is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 46033. The structure firstly includes a first opening / closing member 62 and a second opening / closing member 64 which are rotatably supported by an opening / closing shaft 60 and are formed in a substantially symmetrical shape to hold an object to be held when closed. The first opening / closing member 62 is pivotally supported on the swing shaft 12 provided at the tip of the arm 10 so as to be swingable in the middle. The first shaft 6 is located closer to the tip end than the position where the first opening / closing member 62 is pivotally supported by the swing shaft 12.
6 is provided. The second link 1 is attached to the first shaft 66.
8 is pivotally attached, and the other end of the second link 18 is
The cylinder device 32 is axially attached to the tip of a rod 34. One end of the first link 16 is pivotally attached to the tip of the rod 34, and the other end of the first link 16 is pivotally attached to a mounting shaft 14 provided behind the swing shaft 12 of the arm 10. Further, the second opening / closing member 64 is provided so as to be openable / closable around the opening / closing shaft 60 together with the first opening / closing member 62 so as to hold an object to be grasped, and is supported by the opening / closing shaft 60 of the second opening / closing member 64. The second shaft 68 is provided on the distal end side. Reference numeral 70 denotes a restriction link of the second opening / closing member, one end of which is axially attached to the second shaft 68, and the other end of which is axially attached to a shaft attachment portion 72 which is specially provided on the lower surface of the arm.

According to the opening / closing link mechanism having the above-described structure, the first opening / closing member 62 opens / closes via the first link 16 and the second link 18 due to the expansion and contraction of the rod 34 of the cylinder device. As a result, the opening / closing shaft 60 swings around the swing shaft 12. By the swing of the opening / closing shaft 60 and the action of the restriction link 70, the second opening / closing member 64 opens / closes corresponding to the opening / closing operation of the first opening / closing member 62. That is, the pair of opening / closing members 62, 64 are closed when the rod 34 of the cylinder device 32 is extended, and are largely opened when the rod 34 is contracted.

[0004]

However, according to this opening / closing link mechanism, the middle part of the first opening / closing member 62 is
The tip end side of the second link 18 is pivotally attached to the first shaft 66 by the swing shaft 12, and the restriction link 70 is provided in the arm 1.
0 is pivotally mounted on a shaft mounting portion 72 provided on the lower side. That is, in order to use this gripping device, in addition to the swing shaft 12 and the first shaft 66 for mounting a normal bucket or the like, a special shaft attachment portion 72 for pivotally mounting the restriction link 70 on the lower side of the arm is provided. Need to be formed. As described above, it is not easy for the user to specially attach the shaft attachment portion 72 to the standard specification arm 10. Also,
Considering the versatility of the backhoe, it is desirable that no special parts be attached, and there is a problem in appearance.

Therefore, a pair of opening / closing members and a link mechanism for opening / closing the pair of opening / closing members are attached to the bracket, and the arm 10 such as a backhoe is mounted via the bracket.
There is an opening and closing link mechanism that can be attached and detached. This opening / closing link mechanism uses two mounting holes provided on the bracket side and the swing shaft 12 and the mounting shaft 14 on the arm 10 side and is mounted on the arm 10, so that the arm is shown in FIG. It is not necessary to provide such a special shaft attachment portion 72. But,
Since the link mechanism is attached to the bracket, the number of parts increases, which is disadvantageous in terms of manufacturing cost and weight of the entire device. When the arm 10 is mounted, the first link 16 and the second link 16 for operating the bucket and the like are provided.
The link 18 has to be removed, and there is a problem that it takes time to exchange it with a bucket or the like.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to use an arm of a construction machine such as a backhoe, which is used as a link such as a bucket for excavation, as it is, without providing a special shaft attachment portion. An object is to provide an opening / closing link mechanism for a construction machine that can be easily attached to the tip of an arm.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following constitution. That is, the present invention is
A swing shaft provided at the tip of an arm of a construction machine, a mounting shaft provided at the rear of the swing shaft of the arm, one end of which is attached to the mount shaft and the other end of which is a rod of a cylinder device. A first link pivotally attached to the tip, a first opening / closing member pivotally supported at an intermediate portion in a swing shaft provided at the arm tip, and a rear end of the first opening / closing member. A second opening / closing member pivotally supported by an opening / closing shaft provided at a rear end thereof to open and close together with the first opening / closing member to grip an object to be grasped, and a position pivotally supported by the swing shaft of the first opening / closing member. A second link whose one end is pivotally attached to the first shaft provided on the tip end side and the other end is pivotally attached to the tip end of the rod; and a position which is pivotally supported by the opening / closing shaft of the second opening / closing member. A mounting ring having one end pivotally attached to a second shaft provided on the tip side and the other end pivotally attached to the attachment shaft provided on the arm. Comprising the door.

Further, according to the present invention, a swing shaft is provided at the tip, a mounting shaft is provided behind the swing shaft, one end is pivotally attached to the mounting shaft, and the other end is at the tip of the rod of the cylinder device. An opening / closing link mechanism of a construction machine detachably attached to an arm of a construction machine, comprising a first link pivotally mounted and a second link one end of which is pivotally mounted to the tip of the rod, the link mechanism being provided at the tip of the arm. The other end of the second link is a first shaft that is swingably and detachably supported in the middle of the swing shaft and is provided on the tip end side of a position that is supported by the swing shaft. A first opening / closing member that is detachably attached to the first opening and closing member, and an opening and closing shaft provided at the rear end of the first opening and closing member, and is pivotally supported at the rear end portion to open and close together with the first opening and closing member to grasp an object to be grasped. The second opening / closing member and the position pivotally supported by the opening / closing shaft of the second opening / closing member. Also has a mounting link, one end of which is pivotally mounted on a second shaft provided on the tip side, and the other end of which is detachably mounted on the mounting shaft provided on the arm. There is also an opening and closing link mechanism.

[0009]

According to the opening / closing link mechanism of the construction machine of the present invention,
When the rod of the cylinder device is in the extended state, the pair of opening / closing members is in the closed state. And the rod is contracted,
When the second link is regulated by the first link and pulled toward the rear of the arm, the first link is moved as the second link moves rearward.
The opening / closing member draws an arc upward about the swing axis and opens. At the same time, the opening / closing shaft is rotated in the direction of the tip of the arm, and the second opening / closing member regulated by the attachment link opens downward in an arc around the opening / closing shaft. As a result, the pair of opening / closing members can be largely opened mutually diagonally upward. In this way, the pair of opening and closing members can be opened and closed properly,
The first link and the second link used as links for excavation buckets and the like can be used as they are without removing them. Therefore, the excavation bucket can be easily replaced. Moreover, since one end of the attachment link is pivotally attached to the second shaft and the other end is pivotally attached to the attachment shaft, the opening / closing link mechanism is provided with the opening / closing link mechanism without providing a special pivot attachment portion on the arm such as a backhoe. Can be attached to the tip of. Further, this opening / closing link mechanism is composed of the first opening / closing member, the second opening / closing member and the attachment link, and has a simple structure,
It is advantageous in terms of manufacturing cost and weight.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of a backhoe gripping device showing an embodiment of an opening / closing link mechanism of a construction machine according to the present invention, showing a state in which a pair of clamps are closed. Further, FIG. 2 shows a state in which the pair of clamps in FIG. 1 are opened. Reference numeral 10 is a backhoe arm. The arm 10 has its rear end pivotally attached to the front end of the boom. Reference numeral 32 denotes a cylinder device, which is rotatably attached at its rear end portion to a shaft (not shown) provided on the upper surface of the rear portion of the arm 10. This cylinder device 32 expands and contracts rod 3
By the action of 4, an attachment such as a bucket for excavation is operated. A rocking shaft 12 is provided at the tip of the arm 10 to pivotally support the attachment. The swing shaft 12 is configured such that a swing shaft pin is rotatably inserted into a through hole. Reference numeral 14 denotes a mounting shaft, which is provided behind the swing shaft 12 of the arm 10.
The mounting shaft 14 is configured such that a mounting shaft pin is rotatably inserted into a through hole provided in the arm 10.

Reference numeral 16 is a first link, one end of which is the mounting shaft 1.
4, and the other end is axially attached to the tip of the rod 34 of the cylinder device 32. Reference numeral 18 denotes a second link, one end of which is axially attached to a shaft attachment portion provided on the tip side of a portion pivotally supported by a swing shaft such as a bucket, and the other end of which is attached to the tip end of the rod 34. Has been done. In this way, the rod 34
A rod connecting shaft 36, on which the first link 16 and the second link 18 are axially attached via one shaft pin, is formed at the tip of the.

Reference numeral 20 is a first clamp, which constitutes a first opening / closing member of the opening / closing link mechanism. This first clamp 20
Is shaped like a claw to make it easier to grip an object to be grasped.
A swing shaft 12 provided at the tip of the arm 10 is swingably supported at an intermediate portion. On the swing shaft pin of the swing shaft 12,
A mounting hole formed by penetrating the middle part of the first clamp 20 is fitted and shaft-supported to support the first clamp 20. A second clamp 22 constitutes a second opening / closing member of the opening / closing link mechanism. The second clamp 22 is pivotally supported at the rear end portion by an opening / closing shaft 24 provided at the rear end portion of the first clamp 20 and operates to open and close together with the first clamp 20 to grip an object to be grasped. The opening / closing shaft 24 includes a rear end portion of the first clamp 20 and a second end portion of the first clamp 20.
An opening / closing shaft pin is inserted into a through hole penetrating each of the rear ends of the clamps 22, so that the first clamp 20 and the second clamp can rotate and open / close mutually.

Reference numeral 26 denotes a first shaft, which is provided in the middle of the first clamp 20 and at the tip end side of a portion pivotally supported by the swing shaft 12 of the arm 10. The first shaft is pivotally attached to one end of the second link 18 instead of the pivot attachment portion provided on the bucket or the like. Reference numeral 28 denotes a second shaft, which is provided in the middle of the second clamp 22 and closer to the tip side than the portion pivotally supported by the opening / closing shaft 24. Also, 30 is a mounting link,
In this embodiment, it is formed in an arc shape so as to avoid interference during operation, one end is pivotally attached to the second shaft 28, and the other end is pivotally attached to the mounting shaft 14 provided on the arm 10. .

In the above description, the opening / closing link mechanism of the construction machine according to the present embodiment has been described in a plan view. A specific opening / closing link mechanism is, as shown in FIGS.
Links 16, 16 A pair of attachment links 30, 30 are connected. (FIG. 3 is a plan view of the gripping device of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the gripping device of FIG. 1.) The pair of first links 16 and 16 are similar to a state in which a normal bucket is operated. A mounting shaft pin 38 of the mounting shaft 14 is mounted by sandwiching the arm 10 from both sides. Then, the pair of attachment links 30, 30 is provided from both outer sides of the pair of first links 16, 16.
Are pivotally attached to the mounting shaft pin 38.

Further, the first clamp 20 has two claw-like members 40 integrally formed by a lateral connecting member 42,
In the second clamp 22, the three claw-shaped members 41 are the horizontal connecting members 4
3 are integrally formed. This first clamp 20
The claw-shaped member 40 of the second clamp 22 and the claw-shaped member 41 of the second clamp 22 are pivotally attached to each other at the rear end portions provided with the through holes by the open / close shaft pin 44 of the open / close shaft 24 so as to be rotatable and openable / closeable to each other. ing.

Next, a method of exchanging the gripping device of the above embodiment with an excavating bucket will be described. Figure 5
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which a bucket 46 for excavation is attached to the arm 10 of the backhoe. Bucket 4 for excavation
6 is axially supported by a swing shaft 12 provided at the tip of the arm 10 via a swing shaft pin 48. Also bucket 4
6, the tip end of the second link 18 is axially attached via a shaft pin 52 to a shaft attachment portion 50 provided on the tip end side of the portion pivotally supported by the swing shaft 12. The rear end of the second link 18 is pivotally attached to the rod connecting shaft 36 at the tip of the rod 34 of the cylinder device 32 together with one end of the first link 16.
The other end of the first link 16 is pivotally attached to the mounting shaft pin 38 of the mounting shaft 14.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the mounting shaft pin 38
Is set to be long so as to further project to the left and right with the first link 16 attached. With this mounting shaft pin 38, as shown in FIG. 6, the left and right bushes 54, 55 are arranged so that the left and right first links 16, 16 are pivotally mounted.
Are secured by the left and right mounting rings 56, 56. In this mounting ring 56, a bolt-shaped pin 58 having a male screw portion at its tip is inserted into a through hole penetrating the mounting ring 56 and the mounting shaft pin 38, and a nut is screwed to the male screw portion. It is securely fixed to the mounting shaft pin 38.

The bucket 46 shown in FIG. 5 can be removed from the arm 10 by removing the swing shaft pin 48 of the swing shaft 12 and the shaft pin 52 of the shaft mounting portion 50. Then, in order to mount the gripping device composed of the pair of clamps 20, 22 and the attachment link, first, the middle portion of the first clamp 20 is pivotally supported on the swing shaft 12 via the swing shaft pin 48,
The second link 18 is axially attached to the first shaft 26 of the first clamp 20 via the shaft pin 52. At this time, the left and right bushes 54, 55 and the left and right mounting rings 5 shown in FIG.
6 and 56 are removed, and the mounting shaft pin 38 is left and right slidable.

Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the mounting shaft pin 38 is slid to the right so that the left end of the mounting shaft pin 38 and the end face of the shaft mounting portion of the left first link 16 are substantially aligned. In this state, rotate the attachment link 30 on the left side of the gripping device,
When the through hole of the attachment link 30 matches the axis of the attachment shaft pin 38, the attachment shaft pin 38 is slid to the left. As a result, as shown in FIG. 8, the left side attachment link 3
0 is rotatably attached to the attachment shaft pin 38. Next, as shown in FIG. 8, with the right end of the attachment shaft pin 38 and the end surface of the shaft attachment portion of the right first link 16 substantially aligned, the right attachment link 30 is rotated and the through hole of the attachment link 30 is rotated. Is aligned with the axis of the mounting shaft pin 38, the mounting shaft pin 3
Slide 8 to the right. As a result, as shown in FIG. 9, the right attachment link 30 is also rotatably attached to the attachment shaft pin 38. Then, as shown in FIG. 9, the attachment rings 56 are attached to both sides of the attachment shaft pin 30 by the pins 58, whereby the axial attachment of the left and right attachment links 30, 30 is completed.

In this way, the bucket 46 and the gripping device can be replaced without removing the mounting shaft pin 38. Also,
The first link 16 and the second link 18 used as the links of the bucket 46 for excavation can be used as they are without being removed. Therefore, the bucket 4 for excavation
6 can be easily replaced, and work efficiency can be improved. The fact that it is not necessary to attach and detach each link on the rod connecting shaft 36 also facilitates replacement. It should be noted that the attachment links 30, 30 can be attached by replacing a short attachment shaft pin when using a normal bucket with a long attachment shaft pin, that is, by removing the attachment shaft pin completely. Of course.

Further, one end of the attachment link 30 has the second shaft 2
Since it is pivotally attached to the armature 8 and the other end is pivotally attached to the mounting shaft 14, the gripping device can be attached to the tip of the arm 10 without providing a special pivotal attachment portion on the arm 10 of the backhoe. Further, this gripping device is provided with the first clamp 20, the second clamp
The structure is simple because it is composed of the clamp 22 and the attachment link 30. Therefore, it is advantageous in terms of manufacturing cost and weight.

By the way, since the gripping device according to the present invention is mounted on the arm 10 by the swing shaft 12 and the mounting shaft 14, it can be mounted on various types of backhoes and the like. The difference in the distance between the swing shaft 12 and the mounting shaft 14 causes a slight difference in the mounting angle with respect to the arm 10 in the state where one clamp is closed, but the difference is slight, and there is no problem in actual use. Absent.

Next, the operating state of the above embodiment is shown in FIG.
And it demonstrates based on FIG. According to the backhoe gripping device including the open / close link mechanism of the construction machine of the present embodiment, the pair of clamps 20 and 22 are in the closed state when the rod 34 of the cylinder device 32 is in the extended state as shown in FIG. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, when the rod 34 is contracted and the second link 18 is restricted by the first link 16 and pulled toward the rear of the arm 10, as the second link 18 moves rearward. The first clamp 20 is the swing shaft 12.
Draw an arc upward and open around. Opening and closing axis 2 at the same time
4 is rotated toward the tip of the arm 10, and the attachment link 30
The second clamp 22, which is restricted to, opens in an arc downward around the opening / closing shaft 24. As a result, the pair of clamps 20 and 22 can be largely opened mutually diagonally upward. In this way, the pair of clamps 20 and 22 can be freely opened and closed by expanding and contracting the rod 34. Further, according to this opening / closing link mechanism, since the first link 16 and the second link 18 used for the bucket are used as they are, the stroke of the rod 34 can be fully used, and the workability is improved. You can also

The opening / closing member is not limited to the clamp-shaped member as in this embodiment, but a bucket-shaped member can be attached. For example, if a bucket-shaped opening / closing member is attached instead of the second clamp, it can be used as an attachment capable of appropriately scraping soil and the like. Further, the method of pivotally attaching the attachment link 30 to the attachment shaft 14 of the above-described embodiment is to insert the attachment shaft pin 38 into both through holes, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the attachment link is not limited to this. It is also possible to mount 30 on the mounting shaft pin 38 with one touch. For example, a long hole partially cut away is provided on the attachment link 30 side. This elongated hole is formed so that when the mounting link 30 is rotated about the second shaft 28, the mounting shaft pin 38 is fitted into the notched portion. Then, when the mounting shaft pin 38 is fitted, the notch of the elongated hole may be formed so as to be closed with one touch. Although various preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and many modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. That is.

[0025]

According to the opening / closing link mechanism of the construction machine of the present invention, the pair of opening / closing members can be opened and closed properly, and the arm of the construction machine such as the backhoe is not provided with a special shaft attachment portion.
Moreover, the first link and the second link used as links for excavating buckets can be used as they are without removing them. Therefore, it is possible to easily replace the excavator with a bucket for excavation. Further, this opening / closing link mechanism can be attached / detached without providing a special shaft attachment portion on an arm such as a backhoe, and is composed of a first opening / closing member, a second opening / closing member and a mounting link, and has a simple structure. It is advantageous in terms of

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a state in which the opening / closing link mechanism of the embodiment of FIG. 1 is opened.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state in which a bucket is attached to the tip of an arm.

FIG. 6 is a plan view illustrating a method of attaching the attachment link.

FIG. 7 is a plan view illustrating a method of attaching the attachment link.

FIG. 8 is a plan view illustrating a method of attaching the attachment link.

FIG. 9 is a plan view illustrating a method of attaching the attachment link.

FIG. 10 is a side view showing a conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 arm 12 swinging shaft 14 mounting shaft 16 first link 18 second link 20 first clamp 22 second clamp 24 opening / closing shaft 26 first shaft 28 second shaft 30 mounting link 32 cylinder device 34 rod 36 rod connecting pin 38 mounting Axis pin

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A swing shaft provided at the tip of an arm of a construction machine, a mounting shaft provided at the rear of the swing shaft of the arm, one end of which is pivotally attached to the mounting shaft and the other end of which is A first link axially attached to the tip of a rod of a cylinder device; a first opening / closing member pivotably supported at an intermediate portion by a swing shaft provided at the arm tip; and the first opening / closing member. A second opening / closing member that is pivotally supported at the rear end portion by an opening / closing shaft provided at the rear end portion and that opens and closes together with the first opening / closing member to grip an object to be grasped; and an axis of the swing shaft of the first opening / closing member. A second link, one end of which is pivotally attached to the first shaft provided on the tip side of the supported position and the other end of which is pivotally attached to the tip of the rod, and is axially supported by the opening / closing shaft of the second opening / closing member. One end is pivotally attached to the second shaft provided on the tip side of the position where the other end is attached to the mounting shaft provided on the arm. An opening / closing link mechanism for a construction machine, comprising: a mounted attachment link. 2. A swing shaft is provided at the tip, a mounting shaft is provided behind the swing shaft, one end is pivotally attached to the attachment shaft, and the other end is pivotally attached to the tip of a rod of the cylinder device. First
A link and a second end of which one end is axially attached to the tip of the rod.
An opening / closing link mechanism for a construction machine, which is detachably attached to an arm of a construction machine provided with a link, wherein the swing mechanism is swingably and detachably supported at an intermediate part on a swing shaft provided at the end of the arm. A first opening / closing member that is detachably attached to the other end of the second link by a first shaft provided on the tip side of a position pivotally supported by the swing shaft, and a rear end of the first opening / closing member. A second opening / closing member pivotally supported by an opening / closing shaft provided at the rear portion at the rear end and opening / closing together with the first opening / closing member to grip an object to be grasped; and a position pivotally supported by the opening / closing shaft of the second opening / closing member. Also has a mounting link, one end of which is pivotally mounted on a second shaft provided on the tip side, and the other end of which is detachably mounted on the mounting shaft provided on the arm. Open / close link mechanism.