JP2914564B2 - Roof structure and roof structural members - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a roof structure and a structural member having a curved roof, such as tents for various halls and event venues.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a variety of halls and tents of event venues, a curved roof is provided to secure a large indoor space or to construct a structure having a distinctive design. Has been done. In such a roof structure, for example, a roof frame is constructed by combining a shaped steel or the like curved in accordance with the curvature of the roof, and assembling various reinforcing members and the like.
It is configured by attaching a roof plate made of a steel plate, a resin plate, or the like to the surface of the skeleton.

[0003]

However, in such a conventional roof structure, it is necessary to form a shape steel or the like in a curved manner when manufacturing a member (hereinafter, referred to as a member) constituting a frame. In addition, when constructing a skeleton, the mounting location, procedure, method, and the like of each component are often determined in a complicated manner, and it is difficult to manufacture each component and to construct the skeleton. In addition, since the frame is made up of various members, the work of managing the members is also complicated.

Furthermore, if the curvature or size of the roof changes,
Since it is necessary to change the frame structure and the like in a complicated manner, it is not easy to cope with the case of constructing a roof having a different shape such as a curvature.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, and it is possible to obtain a curved roof with a simple structure and to easily cope with roofs having different shapes such as curvature and size. It is an object of the present invention to provide a roof structure and a roof structural member that can be carried out at a time.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a roof structure in which a plurality of unit members are collectively connected to form a skeleton of a roof, and a member constituting a roof surface is attached to an upper surface of the skeleton. In the roof structure, each of the unit members is formed in a hollow triangular prism shape, and in a state where the frame is constructed, the side walls of the adjacent unit members are common, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the frame are on the peripheral side from the center of the roof. It is formed so as to have a downwardly inclined surface toward.

According to this roof structure, a frame-shaped roof frame is constructed by repeating the connecting operation of each unit member. Therefore, it is possible to construct the skeleton by a simple operation. In addition, since each unit member has a simple shape of a hollow triangular prism, it is possible to easily manufacture members constituting the framework.

In the first aspect of the present invention, "the side walls of adjacent unit members are common" means that the side walls of adjacent unit members are in contact with each other to form one side wall, and This means that each unit member shares one side wall with each other. The term “hollow triangular prism” has the meaning of including a hollow triangular truncated pyramid in addition to a so-called hollow triangular prism.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the roof structure according to the first aspect, the skeleton has a first layer at a central portion formed by connecting and connecting a plurality of unit members, and a unit is formed around the first layer. A second layer is formed by connecting the members, and a plurality of layers are formed concentrically with the first layer by sequentially connecting the unit members around each layer, and the unit members constituting each layer are formed by side walls. The oblique sides are common, and the unit members constituting each of the inner and outer layers are connected such that the bottom sides as the side walls are common, and the unit members have the oblique sides set to the same dimensions. In addition, the bottom side is set to a size corresponding to the curvature of the roof.

[0010] According to this roof structure, a frame constituting the roof can be constructed by a relatively large number of common unit members, and the entire frame has substantially the same size regardless of the curvature of the roof. It can be constituted by a unit member.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the roof structure according to the first aspect, each of the unit members is formed in a truncated triangular pyramid shape tapered downward, and has a horizontal cross section of an equilateral triangle. is there.

According to this roof structure, a frame can be constructed with more common unit members than the roof structure according to the second aspect.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the roof structure according to any one of the first to third aspects, the unit members are connected to each other by connecting mutually adjacent side walls of adjacent unit members. They are set connected.

According to this roof structure, it is possible to form a strong frame by firmly connecting the unit members when constructing the frame.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the roof structure according to any one of the first to third aspects, each of the unit members shares a side wall with which adjacent unit members come into contact with each other. Is what is done.

According to this roof structure, the weight of the frame can be reduced.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the roof structure according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, a columnar connecting member is provided at a joint between the corners of each of the unit members. The corners are connected to this connecting member.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the roof structure according to the sixth aspect, each of the unit members is configured such that adjacent side walls of the adjacent unit members share one another. The connecting member is provided with a flange portion radially around the periphery of each of the unit members, and each unit member has its side wall connected to the flange portion.

According to the roof structure of the sixth and seventh aspects, it is possible to improve the assemblability at the time of constructing the framework and to firmly connect the unit members.

The roof structural member according to claim 8 is a structural member used for the roof structure, wherein the structural member comprises:
It is formed in a tapered hollow triangular truncated pyramid shape, a through hole is formed in each side wall to connect the structural members, and a joining portion of each side wall is for preventing deformation of the horizontal sectional shape of the structural member. A reinforcing piece is provided.

According to this roof structural member, a curved roof structure is obtained by collectively connecting a large number of roof structural members in a state where the side walls are in contact with each other. in this case,
Each roof structural member is connected by inserting a bolt into a through hole between adjacent side walls and tightening and fixing with a nut from the opposite side.

A roof structural member according to claim 9 is a structural member used for the roof structure, wherein the structural member comprises:
It comprises a trapezoidal side wall and a pipe-shaped connecting member, and the connecting member is provided on its outer peripheral surface with flanges for attaching the side wall at a plurality of circumferential positions, while the side wall has Parts to be attached to the flanges are provided on both sides, respectively, and the side walls can be radially attached to the outer periphery of the connecting member.

According to this roof structural member, the side wall is attached to each of the flanges of the connecting member on one side, and the other side of each of the side walls is further connected to the connecting member via the flange. Is attached. Then, a side wall is further attached to each connecting member attached to the other side of the side wall, and adjacent connecting members are connected by the side wall, and thus the side wall is sequentially formed from the center to the peripheral portion. By connecting the connecting members, a curved roof structure is obtained.

[0024]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 to 3 show a tent at an event venue or the like, which is an application example of the roof structure of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a tent roof, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a tent structure, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a skeleton at a central portion of the tent roof.

As shown in these figures, the tent 10
It comprises a roof frame 12 (hereinafter simply referred to as a frame 12), a main pillar 14 for supporting the frame 12, and an awning 16 (a member forming a roof surface) covering the surface of the frame 12.
The frame 12 and the tent 16 constitute a tent roof.

As shown in FIG. 1, the whole frame 12 is formed in a hexagonal shape in plan view, and the upper and lower surfaces thereof have a spherical shape inclined at a constant curvature from the center of the roof toward the periphery. It has a structure. The skeleton 12 is attached and fixed to an upper end of a main pillar 14 erected at a position corresponding to each corner (corner in plan view). Although not shown in detail, a flange 14 a is provided at the upper end of the main column 14, and the skeleton 12 is attached to the upper end of the main column 14 via the flange 14 a.

The awning 16 is made of, for example, a waterproof sheet such as a vinyl sheet. The awning 16 is put on the upper surface of the skeleton 12 and is attached to the periphery of the skeleton 12 while being appropriately pulled toward the periphery of the roof. ing.

The skeleton 12 includes a number of unit members 18.
Are connected together.

As shown in FIG. 4, each unit member 18 is formed in the shape of a hollow triangular truncated cone tapering downward. Each side wall 18a constituting each unit member 18 is
The vertical dimension (height) is the same, and the upper side dimension ha and the lower side dimension hb are formed so as to have a constant ratio according to the curvature of the roof. Note that the shape of the unit member 18 and the above-described side dimensions are regularly determined based on the arrangement of the unit members 18 in the skeleton 12, which will be described later.

Each side wall 18 constituting each unit member 18
In a, a pair of connection holes 20 and 21 for connecting the unit members are formed in the upper end and the lower end, respectively. In addition, a reinforcing piece 22 for preventing the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the unit member 18 from being deformed is joined to the upper end and the lower end of the joint portion of each side wall 18a, that is, the upper end and the lower corner of the unit member 18. ,
An attachment hole 23 for attaching a coupling piece 24 to the reinforcing piece 22
Are formed. The connection holes 20, 21 are provided corresponding to the unit members 18 to be connected.

Such a unit member 18 is, for example,
The side walls 18a and the reinforcing pieces 22 are formed in advance from a steel plate or the like, and are relatively easily manufactured by joining them by welding.

The frame 12 is constructed by sequentially connecting the unit members 18 configured as described above from the center of the roof toward the periphery. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the six unit members 18 are collectively connected in a state where the side walls 18a are in contact with each other to form the center of the frame 12 (that is, the center of the roof). In addition, on these peripheral sides, the side walls 18a of each other are further formed.
The frame 12 is formed by sequentially connecting the unit members 18 in a state where the members are in contact with each other.

The connection between the unit members 18 is performed by inserting bolts through the connection holes 20 and 21 of the side walls 18a brought into contact with each other and tightening and fixing the bolts from opposite sides. In this state, the side walls 18a of each unit member 18
Are connected, the frictional force between the side walls 18a is increased, and the adjacent unit members 18 are firmly connected to each other.

Also, the connecting pieces 24 (in the drawing, the unit member 1)
8, only those that are attached to the top of 8) are attached,
As a result, the six unit members 18 are integrally connected at the corners. That is, the connecting pieces 24 are provided with perforations 25 corresponding to the mounting holes 23 of the reinforcing pieces 22 in the corner gathering portion, and these perforations 25 and the corresponding unit members 18 are formed. Bolts are inserted through the mounting holes 23, and are tightened and fixed by nuts from opposite sides so that the six unit members 18 are integrally connected.

The skeleton 1 thus constructed
2, since each unit member 18 has a tapered triangular truncated pyramid shape as described above, the unit members 18 are connected so as to form a fan shape in the entire cross section, thereby forming the upper surface of each unit member 18. And the lower surface is an inclined surface that is downwardly tapered from the center of the roof toward the peripheral side.
2 has a spherical structure.

In the present embodiment, since the frame 12 has a spherical structure as described above, in reality, the unit members constituting the frame 12 are flattened toward the periphery of the frame 12 in plan view. Or the peripheral portion of the frame 12 may have a shape which is appropriately bulged in the outer peripheral direction from the main pillar 14, but in FIG. 1 and FIG. The drawings are simply drawn to explain that this is done.

The procedure for constructing the tent 10 is as follows.
The main column 14 is erected in advance, and the frame 12 is constructed by connecting the unit members 18 collectively on the ground, and the frame 12 is lifted by a crane or the like and fixed to the upper end portion of the main column 14. After this work is completed, the tent 16 is moved to the skeleton 1
The tent 10 can be constructed by covering and engaging with the tent 2.

By the way, in the above-mentioned skeleton 12, the shape and side dimensions are determined so as to use as many common unit members 18 as possible. Specifically, the shape of the unit members 18 is as follows. Etc. are defined. In the following description, unit members will be described with different reference numerals in order to distinguish the unit members.

That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the skeleton 12 having a hexagonal shape in a plan view is composed of six triangular portions Pa to Pf composed of unit members of the same type and number.

In each of the portions Pa to Pf (only the portion Pa is shown in FIG. 6), a unit member constituting the center of the roof is a unit member of the first layer, and a unit member disposed on the outer peripheral side thereof is a unit member of the second layer. So, if you classify the unit members for each unit member arranged on the outer peripheral side,
The first layer has one unit member 1A, the third layer has three unit members 2A to 2C, the third layer has five unit members 3A to 3E, and the third layer has eight unit members 4A to 4E.
G.

Here, 6 constituting the central portion of the frame 12 is shown.
The two unit members, that is, the unit members 1A of the first layer of each of the portions Pa to Pf have the same shape, and therefore the unit members 1A of the first layer are viewed in a plan view of the unit member alone (hereinafter, referred to as a single unit plan view). That is, the oblique side of the unit member viewed from the direction perpendicular to the triangular plane formed by the upper side of the side wall forming the unit member (extending in the radial direction of the frame 12 of the side wall forming the unit member) The upper side of the side wall) is an isosceles triangle of the same size.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, the unit member 1A of the first layer is an isosceles triangle in a single unit plan view in which the dimension of the oblique side is S and the dimension of the remaining side (hereinafter, referred to as the bottom side) is L1. The unit members constituting each layer assuming that the unit members are used will be described below.

First, in the first layer, a unit member having the same shape as the unit member 1A of the first layer is used as the unit member 2B having a common base (L1) in order to share the unit member.

On the other hand, the unit members 2A and 2C connected to both sides thereof have the same oblique dimension (S) as the unit member 2B from the viewpoint of common use of the members. Here, if the bottom dimension of each unit member 2A, 2C can be set to L1, unit members having the same shape as the unit member 1A can be conveniently used as the unit members 2A, 2C at both ends, but these dimensions are as follows. It is naturally determined according to the curvature of the roof, and is actually a dimension (L2) shorter than the bottom dimension L1 of the unit member 1A. Therefore, the unit members 1A are used as the unit members 2A and 2C.
Although it is not possible to use a unit member with the same shape as
Each of the unit members 2A and 2C is a unit member having the same shape and a bottom dimension of L2.

Next, in the first layer, similarly to the first layer, from the viewpoint of the common use of the unit members, the unit members 2A and 2C of the first layer are formed as unit members 3B and 3D whose bases (L2) are common. Unit members 2A and 2C of the layer
A unit member having the same shape as that described above is used. Also, the unit members 3A, 3E and the unit members 3B, 3 on both sides.
The oblique dimension of the unit member 3C sandwiched between D is the same size (S) as the unit members 3B and 3D.

Here, the unit member 3C sandwiched between the unit members 3A, 3E and the unit members 3B, 3D on both sides.
If the bottom dimension of the unit member can be set to L2, unit members having the same shape as the unit member 2A (2C) can be conveniently used as the unit members 3A, 3C, and 3E, but these dimensions are determined by the curvature of the roof. In these unit members 3A, 3C, 3E located on the outer peripheral side from the first layer, the base dimension of the unit members 3A, 3E is shorter than the base dimension L2 of the unit members 2A, 2C. The bottom dimension of the unit member 3C is a dimension L3 shorter than these.

Further, in the first layer, a unit member having the same shape as the unit member 3C of the first layer is used as a unit member 4D having a common base (L3) with the unit member 3C of the first layer. Unit members 3A, 3E of the first layer as unit members 4B, 4F having a common base (L4) with the unit members 3A, 3E of the eyes.
A unit member having the same shape as that described above is used.

The unit members 4C and 4E sandwiched between the unit members 4A and 4G and the unit members 4B, 4D and 4F on both sides have oblique dimensions of the unit members 4B and 4E.
It has the same size (S) as D and 4F. Then, the unit member 4 sandwiched between the unit members 4B, 4D, 4F
The bottom dimensions of C, 4E and the unit members 4A, 4G on both sides are naturally determined according to the curvature of the roof, and these unit members 4A, 4C, 4 located on the outer peripheral side from the first layer.
In E and 4G, the bottom dimensions of the unit members 4A and 4G are shorter than the bottom dimensions L4 of the unit members 3A and 3E, and the bottom dimensions of the unit members 4C and 4E are shorter L5. .

As described above, each of the unit members constituting the above-mentioned portion Pa is formed of an isosceles triangle having the same size S as the oblique side in a single unit plan view.

Here, the types of the unit members constituting the portion Pa are summarized for each layer based on the dimensions of the base.
It becomes like the following table.

[0052]

[Table 1]

As can be seen from this table, for example, in the case of the first layer, one of the three unit members can use the same unit member as the unit member constituting the third layer, and A common unit member can be used between the inner and outer layers, for example, a common unit member can be used for the unit members, and a common unit member can be used also in the same layer. ing.

In the above, each part Pa to Pf of the skeleton 12 is 4
This is an example in the case where it is assumed that the frame is composed of layers. However, even when the frame 12 is composed of more layers, the shape of the unit member constituting each layer is determined in the same manner. The lower side dimension of the side wall is set in the same manner as the above-described upper side dimension of the side wall in consideration of the curvature of the roof.

The structure of the roof of the tent 10 configured as described above has the following advantages as compared with the structure of the conventional curved roof.

First, the frame 12 is formed by connecting and connecting a large number of unit members 18, and the connection between the unit members 18 is made by connecting the side walls 18a with each other while the side walls 18a are in contact with each other. Since this is achieved by fixing with bolts and nuts, a curved roof can be constructed by repeating extremely simple operations. Therefore, compared with the conventional curved roof structure in which a variety of extremely large number of parts are used for the construction of the roof frame and their mounting locations, methods, and mounting means are determined in a complicated manner, errors such as erroneous work are caused. Occurrence can be reduced and the framework of the roof can be easily constructed.

Further, since each unit member 18 has a simple shape of a hollow triangular truncated pyramid as described above and is easy to manufacture, it is necessary to manufacture the constituent members by forming a curved shape of a shaped steel or the like in a complicated manner. Compared with the conventional roof structure, it is easier to manufacture the members constituting the framework of the roof, which is advantageous in terms of parts management.

Further, the size and curvature of the roof can be changed only by changing the number and shape of the unit members 18 to be connected without changing the basic structure of the frame.
As a result, the degree of freedom of the roof shape is increased, and there is an advantage that it is possible to cope with the case of constructing roofs having different shapes such as curvatures, that is, it is possible to easily design and manufacture.

For example, a roof having a large diameter can be formed by connecting and connecting more unit members 18 together. Also, each side wall 1 constituting the unit member 18
By changing the ratio of the upper side dimension ha to the lower side dimension hb of 8a and changing the degree of inclination of each side wall 18a, it is also possible to change the degree of inclination of the upper surface of the frame 12, that is, the curvature of the roof. Specifically, the curvature of the roof can be increased by configuring each unit member 18 such that the ratio of the upper side dimension ha to the lower side dimension hb is increased to increase the inclination of each side wall 18a. If each unit member 18 is configured such that the ratio of ha to the lower side dimension hb is reduced and the inclination of each side wall 18a is reduced, the curvature of the roof can be reduced.

Further, even when roofs having different shapes such as size and curvature are constructed, the unit members 1
There is no change in the basic assembling method of assembling and connecting the 8 units together. Therefore, the content of the assembling work has been drastically changed with the change in the shape of the roof, or the type of parts has increased,
This also has the advantage that workability does not deteriorate.

In the tent 10, the frame 12 is formed by connecting the unit members 18 having the upper side dimension ha and the lower side dimension hb at a fixed ratio. For example, as shown in FIG. The tent 10a may be configured by connecting two types of unit members 26a and 26b having different dimensional ratios. That is, the central portion of the frame 12 may be constituted by the unit member 26a, and a unit member around which the ratio of the upper side dimension ha to the lower side dimension hb is appropriately larger than the unit member 26a may be connected. In this way, it is possible to obtain an irregular roof in which the curvature is small at the center part a of the roof and large at the peripheral part b.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9, unit members 28a and 28b whose side walls in the vertical direction are appropriately longer than the other unit members 18 are connected to the peripheral portion b 'of the skeleton 12, thereby forming the skeleton. 12 are configured to be thicker on the peripheral side, and conversely, as shown in FIG. 10, the unit members 29a to 29c in which the vertical dimension of the side wall is appropriately shorter than the other unit members 18 are used. The skeleton 12 may be connected to the peripheral portion b 'of the skeleton 12, so that the thickness of the skeleton 12 is reduced on the peripheral side. That is, by changing the thickness of the skeleton 12 from the peripheral side toward the center in this way, it is possible to obtain the strength of the skeleton 12 suitable for the roof shape and the roof shape suitable for the purpose. In this case, the thickness of the skeleton 12 may be gradually increased from the center of the roof to the periphery, or from the periphery of the roof to the center.

Further, instead of the unit member 18, for example, as shown in FIG.
The skeleton may be configured by applying the unit member 19 provided with b. According to such a frame, the weight of the frame can be reduced as compared with the frame 12 to which the unit member 18 is applied.

In the above embodiment, the oblique sides of the unit members 18 constituting the skeleton 12 are set to be equal in plan view. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a desired roof can be obtained. The size and the like may be appropriately selected in the above.

For example, each unit member 18 may be configured so that the horizontal cross section in the state where the framework 12 is constructed is a regular triangle. According to such a unit member 18, in each of the layers constituting the skeleton, the unit member connected to the inner peripheral layer via the side wall becomes a common unit member,
The other unit members are common unit members. For example, referring to FIG. 6, for example, in FIG. 6, in the case of the first layer, the unit members 4B, 4D, and 4F connected to the inner layer, that is, the fourth layer via the side wall, are common units. The other unit members 4A, 4C, 4E, and 4G are common unit members.

That is, according to this, since each layer constituting the skeleton is always constituted by two types of unit members, the unit members 18 constituting the skeleton 12 are different from the above embodiment.
There is an advantage that the number of types can be reduced.

However, in this case, while having the above-mentioned advantages, the unit member 18 constituting the periphery of the frame 12 becomes larger in the radial direction of the roof as the curvature of the roof becomes larger, that is, a single plane. Since the oblique dimension of each unit member 18 becomes long visually, it is not suitable for forming a roof having a large curvature. On the other hand, according to the unit member 18 of the above-described embodiment in which the oblique side dimensions are set to be the same in a single unit plan view, the frame can be configured by the unit members 18 having substantially the same size regardless of the curvature. Even when a roof having a large curvature is formed, there is an advantage that the unit member 18 does not increase in the radial direction around the frame.

As a modification of the above embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG.
5 may be used to form a skeleton.

That is, the unit member 60 shown in FIG.
In the unit member 18, a rectangular flat surface 61 is formed at a position corresponding to a corner, and the flat surface 61
An attachment hole 63 for attaching the unit member 60 to the connection member 65 is formed. Note that, similarly to the side walls 18a of the unit member 18, connection holes 20 and 21 for connecting the unit members are formed in the side walls 62 other than the flat surface 61 constituting the unit member 60, respectively. .

Although not shown in detail, the connecting member 65 is a cylindrical member having a hexagonal cross section. Each side wall has the same rectangular shape as the flat surface 61 of the unit member 60. Mounting holes 66 corresponding to the mounting holes 63 formed in the flat surface 61 are respectively formed.

When the frame is constructed, as shown in FIG.
0 and the flat surface 61 is connected to the connecting member 6.
The unit members 60 are disposed in contact with the side surfaces of the connecting members 60, the unit members 60b are connected to the respective side walls of the connecting member 60 by the flat surfaces 61, and the side walls 62 of adjacent unit members that come into contact with each other. Are connected, the six unit members 6 around the connecting member 65
0 is set concatenated. Then, the unit members 60 are sequentially connected in a state in which the side walls 62 are further brought into contact with each other, and a connecting member 65 is arranged at an assembly portion of each flat surface 61 so that the flat surface 61 of each unit member 60 is A frame is formed by being connected to each side wall of the connecting member 65.

The unit members 60 are connected to each other by inserting bolts through the connection holes 20 and 21 of the side walls 62 abutted on each other and tightening and fixing the nuts from opposite sides. The connection between the unit member 60 and the connecting member 65 is performed by inserting a bolt through the mounting hole 66 formed in the side wall of the connecting member 65 and the mounting hole 63 of the flat surface 61 and tightening and fixing the nut from the opposite side. It is performed by

In the example shown in FIG. 12 as well, the side walls of the unit members 60 are connected to each other, and the gathered portion of the flat surfaces 61 of the six unit members 60 is connected to the connecting members 65.
Thus, as in the case of the frame 12, a strong frame in which the unit members 60 are firmly connected can be formed.

Although the six unit members 60 are connected to one connecting member 65 in the example shown in FIG. 12, for example, as shown in FIG. The three unit members 60 can be connected to form a skeleton. In this case, as shown in the figure, the unit members 60 may be connected to the respective side walls of the connecting member 65 one by one. According to such a framework, the unit member 60 and the connecting member 65
The components and work can be suitably simplified while configuring the skeleton using.

Further, in the above embodiment, the curved frame 12 is formed by connecting the tapered triangular truncated pyramid-shaped unit members 18, but, for example, the upper surface of the frame is constructed in a state where the frame is constructed. And a triangular prism in which the upper and lower surfaces are formed so that the lower surface is inclined from the center to the peripheral side, that is, the upper and lower ends of the side walls are formed so that the upper and lower surfaces of the skeleton are inclined from the center to the peripheral side. The unit members may be connected to form a curved frame.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 14 and 15 show a tent according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the tent according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a framework at the center of the roof of the tent. In these figures, the tent of the second embodiment has a structure in which a skeleton 32 described below is applied to the tent 10 of the first embodiment instead of the skeleton 12 described above.

As shown in the figure, the skeleton 32 of the second embodiment comprises a large number of plate-like side walls 34 and a pipe-like connecting member 40, and six side walls 34 are radially formed on the outer peripheral surface of the connecting member 40. It has a configuration linked to.

As shown in FIG. 16, the side wall 34 is a trapezoidal member whose upper side dimension hc is longer than the lower side dimension hd. A concave recess 36 is formed,
Each of these recesses 36 has a pair of through holes 3 for assembly.
8 are drilled. These through-holes 38 are formed in the upper and lower concave portions 36 in a line in the upper and lower direction, and such a line is parallel to the edge near the side.

The connecting member 40 has a pair of upper and lower flanges (flange pairs 44) radially protruding at six locations in the circumferential direction on the surface of a pipe 42 such as a steel pipe. The vertical spacing of each flange is set to correspond to the vertical spacing of the recess 38 of the side wall 34. Further, in each of the flange pairs 44, through holes 46 corresponding to the through holes 38 of the side wall 34 are respectively formed in the vertical direction.

The frame 32 is formed by sequentially connecting the side walls 34 and the connecting members 40 configured as described above from the center of the roof to the peripheral side. Specifically, the connecting member 40 is arranged at the center of the frame 32 (that is, the center of the roof).
One side wall 34 is attached at one end of each side, and a connecting member 40 is attached to the other end of each side wall 34.

Then, the side wall 34 is further attached to each of the connecting members 40 attached to the other end, and the adjacent connecting members 40 are connected to each other by the side walls 34, whereby the side walls 34 and the connecting members 40 The frame 32 is formed by sequentially connecting the side wall 34 and the connecting member 40 from the center of the roof to the peripheral portion in such a manner that an enclosed triangular frustum-shaped space is formed.

The connection between the side wall 34 and the connecting member 40 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, upper and lower recesses 36 on one side (the right side in the illustrated example) of the side wall 34 are brought into contact with the flange pair 44 of the connecting member 40, and the through holes 38, 46 of the recess 36 and the flange pair 44. This is performed by inserting a bolt through and tightening and fixing it with a nut from the opposite side.

In the frame 32 configured as described above, since the side wall 34 is trapezoidal as described above, each side wall 34 and the connecting member 40 are connected so as to form a sector in the entire cross section. Thereby, the frame 32 has a spherical structure inclined from the center of the roof toward the periphery.

The procedure for constructing the frame 32 is as follows.
The skeleton 32 can be constructed by separately carrying the side wall 34 and the connecting member 40 and assembling them sequentially. For example, as shown in FIG. 17, the three side walls 34 are connected by the connecting member 40. A triangular truncated pyramid-shaped unit 50 is pre-configured, and this is, as shown in FIG.
The frame 32 can also be formed by connecting at 4 (broken line portion).

The same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained in the roof structure of the tent 30 of the second embodiment configured as described above.

That is, the side wall 34 and the connecting member 40 are
Because it is possible to construct a curved roof by repeating extremely simple tasks such as connecting and fixing each other,
Thus, the occurrence of erroneous work can be reduced, and the framework of the roof can be easily constructed.

Further, the shape such as the size and curvature of the roof can be changed only by changing the number and shape of the side walls 34 to be connected. For example, in the side wall 34, the curvature of the roof can be changed by changing the ratio between the upper side dimension hc and the lower side dimension hd.

In the tent 30 according to the second embodiment described above, the side wall 34 and the connecting member 40 constituting the frame 32 may be configured as follows.

For example, an opening of an appropriate size may be formed in the side wall 34 so as to reduce the overall weight of the skeleton 32.

Further, for the purpose of obtaining the same effect, a structure as shown in FIG. 19 may be adopted. That is, rod-shaped members 56a and 56b having different lengths are provided,
By attaching the long rod member 56a to the upper flange and attaching the short rod member 56b to the lower flange for the flange pair 54 of the connecting member 52,
The rod-like members 56a and 56b may constitute a member corresponding to the side wall 34. By employing such a structure, the overall weight of the skeleton 32 can be reduced. In addition, such a rod-shaped member 5
As the 6a and 56b, for example, a section steel such as an I-type, an H-type, or an L-type, a steel pipe, a steel bar, or the like can be used.

Further, when a high strength is required for the frame 32, for example, when a larger roof is constructed, I-shaped, H-shaped, L-shaped, etc. shaped members are used as members corresponding to the side walls 34. As shown in FIG. 20, the strength of the frame 32 may be increased by applying the side wall 58 assembled in a truss shape.

Further, the frame 32 in the second embodiment is used.
Then, a concave portion 36 is formed in the side wall 34, and this concave portion 36 is
The flanges 44 are mounted on the flange pairs 44 radially protruding at six places in the circumferential direction of the pipe 42, but are not necessarily attached to the side walls 34.
It is not necessary to provide the recessed portion 36, and the structure of the connecting portion between the side wall 34 and the pipe 42 may be appropriately configured so as to obtain the desired skeleton 32.

By the way, in the second embodiment,
As a modification thereof, a skeleton may be configured by using the connecting member 70, the flange member 74, and the side wall 80 as shown in FIG. That is, a cylindrical connecting member 70 having a hexagonal cross section composed of the side surfaces 71 a to 71 f may be provided, and the side wall 80 may be radially connected to the connecting member 70 via the flange member 74.

As shown in the drawing, the flange member 74 is formed in a substantially U-shaped cross section integrally provided with a pair of flanges 76 on both sides of a mounting surface 75, and the mounting surface 75 is connected to each of the connecting members 70. It is attached to the connecting member 70 in a state of contacting the side surfaces 71a to 71f. These mountings are performed by the through holes 72 and the through holes 77 corresponding to the side surfaces 71 a to 71 f of the connecting member 70 and the mounting surface 75 of the flange member 74, respectively.
Are formed and fastened with bolts and nuts using these through holes 72 and 77.

On the other hand, although not shown in detail, the side wall 80 is a trapezoidal flat plate whose upper side dimension is longer than the lower piece dimension, and whose end is the inner surface of each flange 76 as shown in FIG. Are attached to the flange member 74 in a state in which they are in contact with each other. In these mountings, through holes 81 and through holes 78 respectively corresponding to both ends of the side wall 80 (only one side is shown in the figure) and the flange 76 are formed, and bolts and nuts are used by using these through holes 81 and 78. It is to be concluded.

When the frame is constructed, as shown in FIG. 22, a connecting member 70 is arranged at the center of the frame, and a flange member 74 is attached to each of the side surfaces 71a to 71f of the connecting member 70. Flange member 7
A side wall 80 is attached to each of the flanges 76 at one end, and a connecting member 70 is attached to the other end of each side wall 80 via a flange member 74.
Further, the side wall 8 is further connected to each connecting member 70 attached to the other end of the side wall 80 via the flange member 74.
0 is attached, and the adjacent connecting members 70 are connected to each other by the side wall 80 via the flange member 74, so that the side wall 80 and the flange member 74 (the connecting member 7
0), a substantially triangular frustum-shaped space is formed, and the side wall 80 and the connecting member 70 are sequentially connected via the flange member 74 from the center of the roof to the peripheral portion, thereby forming the frame 32 '. Be composed.

The procedure for constructing the skeleton 32 'is as follows. The connecting member 70, the flange member 74 and the side wall 80 are individually carried in, and these are sequentially assembled as described above to construct the skeleton 32'. As shown in FIG. 23, a substantially triangular truncated pyramid-shaped unit 82 in which three side walls 80 are connected by a flange member 74 is previously configured, and this is connected via a connecting member 70, or A flange member 74 is attached in advance to the side wall 8.
0 may be connected.

In the examples shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, the side wall 80 is connected to the flange member 74 in a state where the end of the side wall 80 is in contact with the inner surface of each flange 76. For example, as shown in FIG.
With the end of the side wall 80 in contact with the outer surface of the side wall 80.
May be connected to the flange member 74. In this case, the flange member 74 is formed so that the side wall 80 can be interposed between adjacent flanges 76 in a state where the flange member 74 is attached to the connecting member 70 as shown in FIG. I just need.

Instead of the side wall 80, for example, a member corresponding to the side wall 80 may be formed by using rod members having different lengths as shown in FIG. 19, or as shown in FIG. Of course, it is also possible to apply a truss-like assembled side wall.

Further, in the example shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, the connecting member 70 is formed in a hexagonal cross section. For example, as shown in FIGS. 25 and 26, the connecting member 70 is formed in a cylindrical shape. You may make it. In this case, a flange member 74a (an example corresponding to FIG. 22) or a flange member 74b (an example corresponding to FIG. 24) that is curved so that the mounting surface 65 matches the peripheral surface of the connecting member 70 is used. What should I do?

In the first and second embodiments, the tents 10 and 30 at the event venue have been described as examples of the application of the roof structure of the present invention. For example, it can be applied to houses and the like. In this case, as shown in FIGS.
The side wall 90 may be attached to the side 4 directly or by providing a beam. When the scales of the frames 12 and 32 are large, the outer edges of the frames 12 and 32 are each
4 protrudes to the outer peripheral side from the line connecting
Since a gap is formed between the edge portion of 2) and the side plate, for example, a horizontal wall plate 91 is attached between the side wall 90 and the edge portion of the frame 12 (32) as shown in FIG. What is necessary is just to prevent invasion of wind and rain.

In the above embodiment, the skeleton 12 is covered by one tent made of vinyl sheet or the like. However, when the skeletons 12 and 32 are large, the skeletons 12 and 32 are formed by one tent. Is difficult to cover. In such a case, for example, in the case of the skeleton 12 of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 29, a unit tent 95 capable of covering an aggregate of six unit members 18 as one unit is provided. By regularly laying on the surface, the entire skeleton 12 can be covered appropriately and efficiently.

That is, as shown in FIG. 29A, the unit awning 95 is laid in the circumferential direction along the outer peripheral side of the frame 12 so that the adjacent ones overlap at the two unit members 18. 12 is covered with a unit awning 95, and further, on the inner peripheral side, as shown in FIG. 29 (b), adjacent ones in the circumferential direction overlap with each other, and furthermore, the unit awning 95 laid on the peripheral edge is provided. A unit tent 95 is laid so as to overlap with the tent. Then, similarly, the unit tent 9 is moved from the outer peripheral side of the frame 12 toward the center.
5 is laid so as to cover the entire frame 12.

According to this method, the corner of each unit awning 95 can be locked to the corner of each unit member 18, which is convenient in terms of mounting the awning.
One unit member 1 as shown by hatching in FIG.
Since 8 is covered with three unit awnings 95, there is an advantage that rain leakage and the like can be effectively prevented.

[0106]

As described above, according to the roof structure of the present invention, the frame structure of the curved roof is constructed by repeating the connecting operation of the unit members, so that the framework can be constructed by a simple operation. Becomes possible. In addition, since each unit member has a simple shape of a hollow triangular prism, it is possible to easily manufacture members constituting the framework.

In particular, a plurality of unit members are connected to form a central first layer, and a plurality of layers are formed on the concentric circle of the first layer while connecting the unit members around the center layer. When the framework is configured such that the oblique sides of the unit members are common and the base sides of the unit members constituting the inner and outer layers are common, the oblique sides of the unit members are set to the same size, and the base is roofed. By setting the dimensions according to the curvature of, the framework can be constructed by a relatively large number of common unit members, and regardless of the curvature of the roof, the entire framework should be composed of units of approximately the same size Can be.

Further, if the unit members are provided so as to have a truncated triangular pyramid shape tapered downward and have a horizontal cross section of an equilateral triangle, a frame unit can be formed by using more common unit members than in the above-described configuration. Can be built.

Furthermore, if the unit members are collectively connected by connecting the mutually contacting side walls of the adjacent unit members, the unit members are firmly connected to each other at the time of construction of the frame, so that they are sturdy. A skeleton can be constructed.

Further, if a unit member is formed so as to share a side wall of adjacent unit members in contact with each other, the weight of the skeleton can be reduced.

Furthermore, if a columnar connecting member is provided at the joint between the corners of each unit member, and the corners of each unit member are connected to this connecting member, the assemblability when constructing the frame is improved. As a result, the unit members can be firmly connected.

Further, as the roof structural member of the above-mentioned roof structure, a tapered hollow truncated pyramid-shaped roof structural member, a trapezoidal side wall, and a pipe-shaped member provided with a flange for mounting the same on its peripheral surface. If a roof structural member composed of a connecting member is formed, a curved roof structure can be easily obtained only by connecting these sequentially from the center to the peripheral portion.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a tent to which a first embodiment of a roof structure according to the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the tent to which the roof structure of the present invention is applied, taken along the line AA in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a skeleton at a center portion of a roof of the tent.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a unit member constituting a skeleton.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a method of assembling a skeleton.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating setting of a shape of a unit member constituting a skeleton.

FIG. 7 is a view for explaining the shape setting of a unit member constituting a skeleton.

FIG. 8 is a schematic sectional view showing a modified example of the tent according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a schematic sectional view showing a modified example of the tent according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a schematic sectional view showing a modification of the tent according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a modification of the unit member according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a view corresponding to FIG. 5, showing a unit member and a connecting member according to a modification of the first embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a schematic plan view showing a skeleton constituted by a unit member and a connecting member shown in FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 2, showing a tent to which a second embodiment of the roof structure of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a center portion of a roof showing a tent framework.

FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a side wall and a connecting member constituting a skeleton.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing a unit including a side wall and a connecting member.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram of a method of constructing a skeleton.

FIG. 19 is a schematic view showing a modified example of a tent framework according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 20 is a schematic view showing a modified example of a tent framework according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing a modified example of a member forming the skeleton of the tent according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 22 is a schematic plan view showing a skeleton constituted by the members shown in FIG. 21;

FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram of a method of constructing a skeleton.

24 is a schematic plan view showing a modified example of the skeleton shown in FIG. 22.

FIG. 25 is a schematic plan view showing a modification of the component shown in FIG. 21;

26 is a schematic plan view showing a modified example of the component shown in FIG. 21.

FIG. 27 is a schematic plan view showing a side wall of a building to which the roof structure of the present invention is applied;

FIG. 28 is a schematic sectional view showing a side wall of a building to which the roof structure of the present invention is applied;

FIGS. 29A to 29C are schematic plan views illustrating an example of a method of attaching an awning.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Tent 12 Roof framework 14 Main pillar 14a Flange 16 Tent 18 Unit member 18a Side wall 20, 21 Connection hole 22 Bracket 23 Mounting hole 24 Connection piece 25 Perforated part

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E04B 7/08 E04B 1/32 102

Claims (9)

(57) [Claims] 1. A roof structure in which a plurality of unit members are collectively connected to form a skeleton of a roof, and a member constituting a roof surface is attached to an upper surface of the skeleton, wherein each of the unit members is hollow. When the frame is constructed, the side walls of adjacent unit members are common, and the upper and lower surfaces of the frame are formed as slopes that fall from the roof center toward the periphery. A roof structure characterized by being made. 2. In the skeleton, a plurality of unit members are collectively connected to form a first layer at a central portion, and unit members are connected around the central layer to form a second layer. A plurality of layers are formed concentrically with the first layer by connecting the unit members around the unit member, and the unit members forming each layer have a common oblique side as a side wall, and the unit members forming each of the inner and outer layers The unit members are connected so that the bottom side as a side wall is common, and in each of the unit members, the oblique side is set to the same size, and the base is set to a size corresponding to the curvature of the roof. The roof structure according to claim 1, wherein: 3. The roof structure according to claim 1, wherein each of said unit members has a truncated triangular pyramid shape tapered downward, and has a horizontal cross section formed into an equilateral triangle. 4. The roof structure according to claim 1, wherein the unit members are collectively connected by connecting mutually contacting side walls of adjacent unit members. . 5. The roof structure according to claim 1, wherein each of the unit members shares a side wall with which adjacent unit members come into contact with each other. 6. A column-shaped connecting member is provided at a joining point between corners of each unit member, and the corners of each unit member are connected to this connecting member. The roof structure described in 1. 7. Each of the unit members is configured such that a side wall that is in contact with adjacent unit members is shared with each other, and the connecting member corresponds to a side wall of each of the unit members around the unit member. 7. The roof structure according to claim 6, wherein a flange portion is provided radially, and each unit member has a side wall connected to the flange portion. 8. A structural member used for the roof structure, wherein the structural member is formed in a tapered hollow truncated triangular pyramid shape, and a through hole for connecting the structural members is formed in each side wall. A roof structural member, wherein a reinforcing piece for preventing deformation of a horizontal cross-sectional shape of a structural member is provided at a joint portion of each side wall. 9. A structural member used for the roof structure, wherein the structural member includes a trapezoidal side wall and a pipe-like connecting member, and the connecting member has the side wall attached to an outer peripheral surface thereof. The mounting flange is provided at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction, while the side wall is provided with portions to be mounted on the flange on both side portions thereof, and the side wall is radially mounted on the outer periphery of the connecting member. A roof structural member characterized by being made possible.