JP2913739B2 - Processing method of polyester fiber - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for treating a polyester fiber for imparting excellent pill resistance or dyeing fastness to the polyester fiber.

(Prior Art) First, polyester-based fibers are widely used for clothing or industrial purposes due to their excellent physical properties. However, it has a serious drawback in that a so-called pilling phenomenon occurs, which is entangled with itself or other fibers due to friction when worn or used, and forms a pill.

As a method of preventing this pilling, a hair-burning method is generally performed. However, in this method, molten polyester balls remain on the surface of the textile, and the texture hardens, and the quality of the surface of the dyed material deteriorates. It has drawbacks such as causing For this reason, there is a restriction that a polyester fiber product having a long fluff cannot be produced.

There are various methods for improving such disadvantages as described below.

As a method for embrittlement of polyester fibers by chemical treatment, Japanese Patent Publication No. 37-3946 discloses a method of treating with an aqueous alkali solution containing an amine compound.
JP-A-48-8793 proposes a method of treating with an alkaline aqueous solution containing a quaternary ammonium salt compound.

As a method of imparting anti-pill property by physical treatment, as in Japanese Patent Publication No. 50-29079, a method of pressing a cloth with a rough surface to form a fragile portion in a fiber, as disclosed in JP-A-59-168183. In addition, a method of treating a polyester fiber product by low-temperature plasma has been proposed.

Second, in general, polyester fibers dyed with a disperse dye have a disadvantage that washing fastness, friction fastness, sublimation fastness, etc. are poor because a part of the dye remains on the polyester fiber surface. Have Therefore, after dyeing, reduction washing is performed to sufficiently decompose and remove the disperse dye remaining on the fiber surface. Such reduction washing has been regarded as an indispensable step, particularly in the case of deep color dyeing.

As a method for improving the color fastness instead of such reduction washing, as described in JP-B-58-115187, after dyeing and dyeing a polyester fiber, it is dried as it is without reduction washing and contains oxygen or oxygen. There has been proposed a method of performing low-temperature plasma treatment in an atmosphere or an atmosphere containing hydrogen or hydrogen.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, regarding the method of imparting the first anti-pill property,
The above-mentioned chemical treatment method has a drawback that the overall strength of the textile product is reduced, and the physical treatment methods are not so effective, for example, in the former method using a rough surface, It is not effective enough to be put to practical use, and it has drawbacks such as a large variation in the effect depending on the type of fabric structure.The latter method using low-temperature plasma is somewhat effective only for products mixed with natural fibers. However, it has the fatal drawback of not being effective with fiber products made of 100% polyester fiber, and it requires expensive equipment for generating plasma, which is too expensive. There were drawbacks.

Regarding the second improvement of the color fastness, the former method of reduction washing only removes excess dye on the fiber surface, and there is no change in the fiber surface. Migration occurs and sublimation of the dye is not stopped, especially in the case of dark dyeings, where the washing and rub fastnesses are still markedly inferior. In the latter method using the low-temperature plasma method,
In addition to the need to completely dry after dyeing, there are the same cost disadvantages as described in the method for imparting anti-pill properties described above.

In view of the drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention is intended to impart excellent anti-pill properties not only to a fiber product using 100% polyester fiber but also to polyester fiber products in general, including mixed products, The present invention is intended to impart excellent dyeing fastness to polyester fibers colored with a disperse dye.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention has the following configuration to achieve the above object.

That is, the method for treating a polyester fiber of the present invention is characterized in that the polyester fiber is irradiated with ultraviolet rays to degrade the tensile strength of the fiber by 5 to 40% to thereby prevent pilling, and In addition, the present invention is characterized in that the polyester fibers colored with a disperse dye are irradiated with ultraviolet rays to make the dyeing fast.

(Action) As a result of intensive studies on the behavior of polyester fibers against ultraviolet light, the present invention shows that the fibers are extremely strongly affected,
Surprisingly, in addition to the new fact of imparting excellent anti-pill properties to the fiber, for the disperse dye-colored product, the new fact that the dye is not decomposed and that the dye is encapsulated in the fiber matrix is considered. It was completed after investigation.

The polyester fiber referred to in the present invention is polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, or a polymer obtained by blending a polymer obtained by copolymerizing a third component such as isophthalic acid sulfonate, adipic acid, isophthalic acid, polyethylene glycol, or the like, or a blend of these polymers. This is a fiber obtained by melt-spinning a polymer or the like.

The present invention includes not only polyester fibers but also fiber products mixed with other fibers such as cotton, wool, nylon and rayon, and fiber products such as raw cotton, tow, knitted woven fabric and nonwoven fabric made of such polyester fibers. It is a thing.

The above-described polyester-based fibers exhibit excellent pill resistance when exposed during ultraviolet irradiation described below.

This is presumably because ultraviolet rays partially decompose and break the polymer main chain in the surface layer on the fiber surface to form an embrittled portion. It is considered that such an embrittled portion causes deterioration of the fiber strength of the polyester fiber and exhibits excellent pill resistance.

A known ultraviolet irradiation device can be used for the ultraviolet irradiation in the present invention.

As a light source of such an ultraviolet ray, a high-pressure mercury lamp, a metal halide lamp, a xenon lamp, a low-pressure mercury lamp and the like can be used.

That is, ultraviolet rays having a low wavelength of 300 nm or less exert a great effect on deterioration of the fiber strength of the polyester fiber and improvement of the yarn pull-out resistance of the fiber product.

Further, as described above, such specific ultraviolet rays have a feature that they do not unexpectedly destroy the disperse dye.

From the viewpoint of such effects, a low-pressure mercury lamp is preferably used in the present invention. This lamp is 184.9nm and 25
Since it generates ultraviolet light having a peak at 3.7 nm, it is particularly suitable for the above-mentioned object of the present invention.

Irradiation intensity of such ultraviolet is preferably 3 mW / cm ² or more, more preferably 10 mW / cm ² or more, particularly preferably 30
The condition of mW / cm ² or more is good. Irradiation time in the order of seconds to minutes is sufficient, but such irradiation conditions can be varied according to the purpose. For example, irradiation can be performed under reduced pressure or under pressure depending on the purpose of the fiber product.

By such ultraviolet irradiation, the surface of the irradiated portion of the polyester fiber forms the embrittled portion or the crosslinked portion.

That is, when a disperse dye-colored product is used as the polyester fiber of the present invention, and this is irradiated with ultraviolet light, the dye is encapsulated in the fiber substrate, and excellent dyeing fastness can be imparted.

It is considered that this effect is caused by the crystallization of the polymer progressed by the irradiation of ultraviolet rays, and furthermore, the polymer is crosslinked.

The polyester fiber of the present invention is obtained by irradiating ultraviolet rays under the condition of deteriorating the fiber strength of the irradiated part of the fiber to 5 to 40%, preferably 10 to 30% as compared with the unirradiated part, Preferably, anti-pill properties and color fastness can be imparted.

By adopting such irradiation conditions, it is possible to improve the strength of the polyester fiber and at the same time improve the yarn pull-out resistance of the fiber product by 20 to 40%.

The present invention provides an epoch-making technique capable of imparting excellent anti-pill property and color fastness by a simple treatment in the air at a low temperature (room temperature) as described above.

(Examples) Hereinafter, the present invention will be further described with reference to examples.

The evaluation items in the examples were measured using the following methods.

(Pilling) Evaluated according to JIS-L-1076 (ICI method).

(Forced pilling) Brushing tester specified in ASTM D3511-1980
After rubbing for 6 minutes with a brush moving at a radius of 1.9 cm at 58 rpm, evaluation was made based on the results of a test performed according to JIS-L-1076 (ICI method).

(Snag) It was measured and evaluated by the garment roller method of JIS-L-1058.

(Washing fastness) It was measured and evaluated according to the A-2 method of JIS-J-0844.

(Dry-wet friction fastness) Measured and evaluated using a friction tester II of JIS-L-0849.

(Sublimation fastness) Measured according to JIS-L-0850 and evaluated.

(Light fastness) Measured according to JIS-L-0842 and evaluated.

(Strength of woven fabric decomposing yarn) It was measured and evaluated according to JIS-L-10717.

Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Example 1 A plain woven fabric composed of 30-th polyethylene terephthalate spun yarn having a single yarn fineness of 1.04d and a fiber length of 38 mm was scoured and heat-set by a conventional method, and then dyed and finished.

The dyed fabric was treated on both sides under the following ultraviolet irradiation conditions to evaluate the anti-pill property.

 Table 1 shows the results.

(Ultraviolet irradiation conditions) Ultraviolet light source: low-pressure mercury lamp Irradiation intensity: 20 to 50 mW / cm ² (253.7 nm) Irradiation time: 1 to 10 minutes In the table, "Vertical yarn strength" indicates the strength of woven fabric decomposition yarn (g). , The intensity indicates mW / cm ² , and the time indicates minutes.

As is clear from Table 1, the anti-pill properties of Examples 1 to 6 were significantly improved as compared with the untreated comparative examples.

It was found that the degree of improvement in the anti-pill property increased with the decrease in the warp yarn strength as the irradiation conditions increased.

Example 7, Comparative Examples 2 to 4 Surge using yarn-dyed blended yarn of 50% polyethylene terephthalate and 50% wool for warp and weft was scoured and heat-set in a conventional manner. Both surfaces were irradiated with ultraviolet light.

The irradiation conditions in this case are as follows: irradiation intensity 40 mW / cm ² (wavelength = 25
3.7 nm) and the irradiation time was 5 minutes.

After performing such a treatment, it was immersed in a nonionic silicone softener, squeezed with a mangle, and picked up by 60%. The fabric was heat set at 160 ° C.

For comparison, the above-mentioned surge was treated with the hair-burning method (Comparative Example 2), without being subjected to the hair-burning method, only with a softener finish (Comparative Example 3), and only with scouring and heat setting. thing. In other words, without using the hair-burning method,
In addition, a sample which was not finished with a softener (Comparative Example 4) was prepared.

These samples were evaluated for pilling as well as forced pilling.

 The results are shown in Table 2.

"Vertical yarn strength" in the table indicates the strength (g) of the decomposed yarn of the warp yarn of the woven fabric.

As is clear from Table 2, the product of Example 7 exhibited extremely excellent anti-pill properties as compared with those of Comparative Examples 2 to 4.

Example 8, Comparative Example 5 Polyethylene terephthalate 60%, wool 40% for warp
Using a blended yarn consisting of, a cashmere skin woven fabric using a 150D, 48 filament polyethylene terephthalate as the weft was scoured, heat-set and dyed dark blue in a conventional manner.

This dyed fabric was subjected to ultraviolet irradiation treatment in the same manner as in Example 1.

Irradiation conditions in this case are as follows: irradiation intensity 35 mW / cm ² (wavelength = 25
3.7 nm) and the irradiation time was 3 minutes.

Two types of fabrics, a fabric subjected to such treatment (Example 8) and a fabric not subjected to the treatment (Comparative Example 5), were finished by treatment with an antistatic agent.

The pilling, forced pilling and longitudinal snag of these fabrics were evaluated and are shown in Table 3.

As is clear from Table 3, as compared with Comparative Example 5,
Example 8 exhibited extremely excellent anti-pill properties. Further, in the case of Example 8, snagging was difficult to form.

Examples 9 to 13 and Comparative Examples 6 to 7 Plain textiles using polyethylene terephthalate fiber of 150 D, 48 filaments as warp and weft were scoured and heat-set by a conventional method, and then dyed under the following conditions.

After such a dyeing step, it is usually passed through a step of reduction washing-dehydration-drying-160 ° C. × heat setting,
The subsequent process was modified as follows.

(Example 9) Dehydration-ultraviolet irradiation × 3 minutes-160 ° C. × heat set (Example 10) Dehydration-ultraviolet irradiation × 10 minutes-160 ° C. × heat set (Example 11) Drying-ultraviolet irradiation × 3 minutes-160 ° C x heat set (Example 12) Reduction washing-dehydration-UV irradiation x 10 minutes-160 ° C x heat set (Example 13) Reduction washing-drying-UV irradiation x 10 minutes-160 ° C x heat set (Comparative example 6) ) Drying-160 ° C x heat set (Comparative Example 7) Reduction washing-drying-160 ° C x heat set The above-mentioned reduction washing and ultraviolet irradiation were performed under the following conditions.

(Ultraviolet irradiation conditions) Ultraviolet light source: low-pressure mercury lamp Irradiation intensity: 30 mW / cm ² (253.7 nm) Irradiation time: 3 minutes, 10 minutes In addition, all the ultraviolet irradiations were obtained by irradiating both sides of the fabric.

Washing fastness, rub fastness, sublimation fastness and light fastness of the woven fabric subjected to these treatments were evaluated, and the results are shown in Table 4.

As is evident from Table 4, all of Examples 9 to 13 showed excellent effects of improving the fastness as compared with Comparative Examples 6 and 7. In particular, those having a long ultraviolet irradiation time exhibited an excellent effect.

(Effect of the Invention) According to the present invention, excellent anti-pill property and excellent dyeing fastness can be easily imparted not only to a fiber product made of 100% polyester fiber but also to a mixed fiber product made of the fiber. Therefore, it can be used very effectively in the garment field and the industrial field.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) D06M 10/00 D06P 5/20

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] (1) irradiating a polyester fiber with ultraviolet light;
A method for treating a polyester fiber, wherein the fiber is degraded in tensile strength by 5 to 40% to reduce the tensile strength. 2. A method for treating a polyester fiber, comprising irradiating a polyester fiber colored with a classification dye with ultraviolet light to make the dye fast. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ultraviolet light has a wavelength of 300 nm or less. 4. The method for treating a polyester fiber according to claim 2, wherein the ultraviolet irradiation is performed under conditions that cause the tensile strength of the polyester fiber to deteriorate by 5 to 40%.