JP2911881B1 - Excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides an excavator that can efficiently discharge soil even when a bit support member moves in parallel and does not hinder the smooth movement of the bit support member. SOLUTION: A cutter frame 11 as a "bit support member" provided with a number of bits 12 is moved in parallel to excavate the ground with the bits 12 and discharge the excavated earth and sand. In the excavator having the device 24, a removing device 39 is provided as “removing means” for ejecting fluid to remove soil and soil in a range of movement of the cutter frame 11 below the cutter frame 11.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an excavator for excavating a horizontal shaft, a vertical shaft (such as a shaft or a shaft-based excavation shaft).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to construct subways, road tunnels, water and sewage, etc., a horizontal shaft or a vertical shaft is excavated in the ground by an excavator, and the excavated soil is excavated by an excavator. To the rear of the car.

In a conventional single-shaft type tunnel boring machine (excavator), earth and sand excavated by a scooping plate attached to a rotating cutter head are scraped up and dropped into a belt conveyor arranged at the center of the machine. I had to do it.

[0004]

However, in the eccentric multi-shaft type, since the bit supporting member such as the cutter head moves in parallel, a single-shaft type discharging device cannot be used as it is, and the efficiency is low. Could not be performed.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an excavator capable of efficiently discharging soil when a bit support member performs a parallel link motion.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a bit supporting member provided with a number of bits is moved in parallel link to excavate the ground with the bits. And an excavator having an earth removal device for ejecting the excavated earth and sand, wherein the excavator is provided with removing means for ejecting fluid to remove earth and sand in a bit support member movement range below the bit support member. It is characterized by having.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a bit supporting member provided with a large number of bits is moved in a parallel link to excavate the ground with the bits and discharge the excavated earth and sand. In the excavator having the device, the earth removal device is provided below the excavation section, a rotary bucket provided with a raising member is rotatably provided, and the earth and sand is conveyed rearward to a central opening of the rotary bucket. The excavator is provided with a transporting device that rotates the rotary bucket, scrapes up the earth and sand by the scraping member, drops the soil into the transporting device, and transports the earth and sand backward by the transporting device. It is characterized by.

[0008] The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2.
In addition to the above configuration, a scraping device that collects earth and sand into the earth removal device is disposed on both sides of the earth removal device.

The invention described in claim 4 is the first to third aspects of the present invention.
In addition to the configuration described in any one of the above, a plurality of the earth discharging devices are arranged.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a bit supporting member provided with a large number of bits is moved in a parallel link to excavate the ground with the bits and discharge the excavated earth and sand. An excavator having an apparatus is characterized in that the bit support member is provided with a sediment receiving plate for dropping excavated earth and sand behind the bit support member.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the fifth aspect, the earth and sand receiving plate is bent in a substantially rectangular shape so as to be bent downward as viewed from the front. The portion is located above the earth removal device, and the sediment gathered at the bent portion is dropped on the earth removal device.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

[First Embodiment of the Invention] FIGS. 1 to 6 show a first embodiment of the present invention.

First, the structure will be described. In the drawing, reference numeral 11 denotes a cutter frame as a "bit support member", on which a number of bits 12 are arranged, and which are moved in parallel by a parallel link movement mechanism. ,
The ground is excavated by the bit 12, and the excavated earth and sand is discharged.

More specifically, the cutter frame 11
It has a ring portion 11a and a lattice portion 11b provided inside the ring portion 11a, and a bit 12 called a so-called cross roof bit is arranged on the ring portion 11a and the lattice portion 11b. Of course, a roller bit can also be arranged.

In the lattice portion 11b of the cutter frame 11, one end of the crank 13 is rotatably supported via a bearing 14 at several places (here, three places), and the rotating shaft portion is provided at the other end. 15 are provided. The rotating shaft 15 is rotatably supported by a partition 16 via a bearing 17 and is connected to a drive motor 20 via a gear 18 and a pinion 19 (see FIG. 1).

A cylindrical hood 22 is provided around the partition 16.

On the other hand, an earth discharging device 24 for discharging earth and sand excavated by the bit 12 of the cutter frame 11 is provided below the excavated section.

That is, as shown in FIG. 3, a rotary bucket 26 is rotatably supported by a support wall 28 and the bottom of the hood 22 and the earth and sand dropped from the rotary bucket 26 is provided in a hopper. 30
The earth and sand from the hopper 30 is sent to the rear of the excavator by a belt conveyor 32 and is discharged.

More specifically, the rotary bucket 26
Is formed in a shallow tray shape from the bottom portion 26a and the side wall portion 26b, an opening 26c is formed in the bottom portion 26a, and the bottom portion 26a and the side wall portion 26b are formed inside the tray shape. A number of raising members 26d are fixed over the straddle. As shown in FIG. 4, these scraping members 26 d are inclined such that the front end side (the front end side of the side wall portion 26 b) precedes in the rotation direction, and the rotary bucket 26 is moved in FIG.
When turned counterclockwise, it is more susceptible to sediment. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, an annular mounting portion 26e is fixed to the bottom surface portion 26a, and the mounting portion 26e is provided with a ring gear 26f. The mounting portion 26e is rotatably supported via a bearing 34 by a bearing support frame 35 fixed across the support wall 28 and the bottom of the hood 22. A pinion gear 36 is meshed with the ring gear 26f, and the pinion gear 36 is fixed to a rotating shaft of a motor 37. When the motor 37 is driven, the rotary bucket 26 is driven through the gears 26f and 36. 4. Rotated counterclockwise.

In the belt conveyor 32, a roller 32b is rotatably disposed with respect to a fixed shaft 32a, and a belt 32c is hung on the roller 32b.
a faces the inside of the bucket from the opening 26c. And
The hopper 30 is supported by a bracket (not shown) that supports the fixed shaft 32a. This hopper 30
4 has a shape that spreads upwards so as to easily receive the earth and sand falling from the rotary bucket 26 as shown by an arrow A in FIG. 4. The earth and sand received by the hopper 30 is conveyed by a belt conveyor 32. It has become.

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, air as a “fluid” is jetted to the earth and sand within the range of movement of the cutter frame 11 below the cutter frame 11, and the earth and sand is moved backward, that is, the rotary bucket 26. A removing device 39 is provided as “removing means” for blowing off to the side. That is, in the removing device 39, a pipe 40 extended from a compressed air supply source (not shown) is connected to a swivel joint 41, and the swivel joint 41 is connected to a passage 43 formed in the crank 13 and the cutter frame 11. ing.

As shown in FIG. 6, in the cutter frame 11, the passage 43 passes through the ring portion 11a from the lattice portion 11b, and a plurality of branch portions 43a are formed in the ring portion 11a. These branch portions 43a are formed along the up-down direction and, as shown in FIG. 5, are inclined diagonally forward so that the lower end portion is located in the excavation direction, and the air blown therefrom causes C is to be blown.

Next, the operation will be described.

To excavate the ground, first, the drive motor 2
0, the cutter frame 11 is caused to move in parallel link motion through the crank 13 and the bit 1
The ground is excavated by 2 and the excavated earth and sand falls.

At the same time, air is pressure-fed from the compressed air supply source of the removing device 39 via the pipe 40 and the passage 43,
Air is jetted downward and obliquely forward from each branch 43a. Thereby, since the earth and sand in the corner C is blown off, the earth and sand do not accumulate in the corner C. Therefore, the cutter frame 1 performing the parallel link motion
1 does not accumulate on the lower side, so that a smooth exercise can be performed. Also, here, the plurality of branch portions 43
By blowing air from a, it is possible to prevent the accumulation of earth and sand not only at the center of the bottom but also over a wide range, so that the parallel movement of the cutter frame 11 can be performed more smoothly. It is economical to stop the injection of the compressed air when the cutter frame 11 is at the upper position and stop when the cutter frame 11 is lowered.

Since the earth and sand blown off from the corner C is blown backward, it is received by a rotary bucket 26 arranged in the center of the bottom of the hood 22 near the rear of the cutter frame 11. Since the rotary bucket 26 is rotating counterclockwise in FIG. 4, when the earth and sand is lifted up by the respective lifting members 26d and carried upward, the earth and sand falls by its own weight and spreads upward. It is received by the hopper 30. Then, the belt is conveyed to the rear of the excavator by the belt conveyor 32 and discharged.

Since the rotary bucket 26 is of a rotary type, the earth and sand is scraped up, dropped on the belt conveyor 32, and conveyed. Therefore, even when the clay of the earth and sand is small, the soil can be discharged well. Can be done.

Second Embodiment FIGS. 7 and 8 show a second embodiment of the present invention.

In the second embodiment, the cutter head 45 corresponding to the cutter frame 11 of the first embodiment has a horseshoe shape, and the circular cutter frame 1 of the first embodiment.
It has a shape that is longer than that of 1.

Here, a large number of roller bits 46 are arranged on the cutter head 45, and the cutter head 45 is excavated in a horseshoe shape by parallel movement.

The excavation into the horizontally long horseshoe shape makes it easy for sediment to accumulate over a long range of the lower edge of the horseshoe shape. In the second embodiment, the following improvements are made. ing.

That is, first, as shown in FIG. 7, the earth discharging devices 24 are arranged at a central portion at the bottom and on both sides thereof in total.

The center of the bottom and the rotary bucket 26 on the right side are rotated counterclockwise in FIG. Member 2 of rotary bucket 26
6d are tilted in the opposite direction and rotated clockwise.

Further, each of these rotary buckets 26
Are provided on both sides of the rotary bucket 26 for scraping the earth and sand toward the rotary bucket 26 side.

Each of these scraping devices 48, 49
8a and 49a are fixed to different rotating shafts 15, respectively, are rotated counterclockwise with the rotation of the rotating shaft 15, and a large number of scratches are formed on the front surfaces of the disks 48a and 49a substantially in the radial direction. Approach plates 48b and 49b are provided. The raking plate 49b of the raking device 49 on the right side
The tip portion 49c is bent in the rotation direction, rotates while holding the earth and sand, and drops the earth and sand on the rotary bucket 26 disposed on the left of the scraping device 49. .

Further, a guide plate 50 is provided for connecting the left scraping device 48 and the rotary bucket 26 adjacent thereto, and the guiding plate 50 allows the scraping device 4 to be connected.
The earth and sand from the 8 side is guided to the rotary bucket 26.

Next, the operation will be described.

The rotation of the rotating shaft 15 causes the cutter head 45 to perform a parallel link movement, excavate the ground into a horseshoe shape with the roller bit 46, and the excavated earth and sand falls to the horseshoe-shaped lower edge. The earth and sand at the lower edge is not shown, but is blown off by air pressure and removed from below the cutter head 45 in the same manner as in the first embodiment, so that the parallel link movement of the cutter head 45 is hindered. Never come.

During the excavation, the disks 48a, 49a of the scraping devices 48, 49 are rotated counterclockwise with the rotation of the rotary shaft 15. Due to the rotation of the disk 48a of the left scraping device 48, the earth and sand is guided on the guide plate 50 by the scraping plate 48b, and the left rotary bucket 26 is rotated.
You will be guided to Then, since the left rotary bucket 26 is rotating clockwise, the earth and sand guided by the guide plate 50 is scraped up by the scraping member 26d and then dropped on the belt conveyor 32. The soil removal property is good.

On the other hand, the disk 49a of the right scraping device 49
After the earth and sand are lifted by the L-shaped bent scraper plate 49b, the soil is dropped onto the rotary bucket 26 adjacent to the scraper 49 and the belt in the rotary bucket 26 is rotated. It is discharged by the conveyor 32.

Of course, the earth and sand blown off from each rotary bucket 26 by air pressure from the front is discharged as in the embodiment.

By arranging the scraping devices 48 and 49 in this manner, even if the excavation surface has a horseshoe shape with a large radius of curvature at the lower edge, the excavated earth and sand can be reliably brought to the center. It will be possible to remove the soil.

The other configuration and operation are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the description is omitted.

Third Embodiment FIGS. 9 and 10 show a third embodiment of the present invention.

In the third embodiment, as compared with the first embodiment, the first and second sediment receiving plates 52 and 53 and the guide plate 54 for effectively guiding the excavated earth and sand to the earth removal device 24 are provided. They differ in that they are provided.

That is, the first and second sediment receiving plates 52, 5
Numerals 3 are fixed to the upper and lower sides of the cutter frame 11, respectively, and are bent in a substantially rectangular shape so as to be bent downward when viewed from the front as shown in FIG.
Is located above the earth discharging device 24. Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the sediment receiving plates 52, 53 are inclined so that their rear portions are lowered, and the front end portions 52b, 53b are bit 1
2. Located near the front end, rear ends 52c and 53c are located above hopper 30.

As shown in FIG. 10, the guide plates 54 are fixed to the partition 16 in an inverted C shape, and are located on both sides of the rotary bucket 26.

In such a structure, when the cutter frame 11 moves parallel, the first and second earth and sand receiving plates 52 and 53 move integrally with the cutter frame 11, and
The earth and sand excavated by the bit 12 falls on the earth and sand receiving plates 52 and 53 as shown in FIG. Since the sediment receiving plates 52 and 53 are bent in a U-shape, and at the same time, the rear ends 52c and 53c are inclined so as to be lowered, so that the sediment collects at the bent portions 52a and 53a. , Fall from the rear ends 52c and 53c. Therefore,
Most of the earth and sand can be dropped onto the earth discharging device 24, the amount of earth and sand falling to the corner C can be reduced, and the smooth operation of the cutter frame 11 can be ensured without being blown off by air. I can do it.

The earth and sand that could not be gathered at the bent portions 52a and 53a of the first and second soil receiving plates 52 and 53 are rear end portions 52c and 5 other than the bent portions 52a and 53a.
Fall from 3c. However, since the guide plates 54 are arranged on both sides of the rotary bucket 26 in an inverted C shape, the bent portions 52 of the first and second earth and sand receiving plates 52 and 53 are provided.
The earth and sand that has fallen from the rear ends 52c and 53c other than the portions a and 53a also fall on the guide plate 54 and are guided to the rotary bucket 26 by the inclined guide plate 54. This ensures that the earth is discharged.

Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the first embodiment, and therefore the description is omitted.

In each of the above embodiments, air is used as the "fluid". However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a liquid such as water or a mixture of a liquid and air can also be used.

Although the rotary bucket 26 and the belt conveyor 32 are used as the "discharge device", a screw type conveyor or the like may be used.

[0054]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the removing means for ejecting fluid to remove the earth and sand in the motion range of the bit supporting member below the bit supporting member is provided. When the bit support member performs the parallel link motion, the earth and sand can perform a smooth motion without hindering the parallel motion, and can efficiently discharge the soil.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the earth discharging apparatus, the rotary bucket provided with the scraping member is rotatably provided, and the earth and sand is conveyed rearward to the central opening of the rotary bucket. A device is provided, by rotating the rotary bucket, scraping up the earth and sand by the scraping member and dropping it into the transport device,
Since the sediment is conveyed backward by the conveying device, the excavated earth and sand excavated by the bit moving in parallel link can be efficiently discharged.

According to the invention described in claim 3, according to claim 1
Or in addition to the effect described in 2, in order to arrange a scraping device that collects the earth and sand in the transport device on both sides of the transport device, even if the shape of the excavation surface is a horizontally long shape such as a horseshoe shape, the soil that has fallen to the lower part Since it can be collected on the side of the conveying device by the scraping device, by arranging such a scraping device, it is possible to continuously discharge the soil in all cross sections in any shape.

According to the invention set forth in claim 4, according to claim 1,
In addition to the effects described in any one of (1) to (3), by arranging a plurality of the transporting devices, continuous discharging of the entire cross section can be performed in any shape.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the bit supporting member is provided with the earth and sand receiving plate for dropping excavated earth and sand behind the bit supporting member, the bit supporting member can be moved in parallel link. In addition, smooth movement can be performed without the parallel movement being hindered by the earth and sand.

According to the invention set forth in claim 6, according to claim 5,
In addition to the effect described in the above, the earth and sand receiving plate is bent in a substantially rectangular shape so as to be bent downward when viewed from the front, and the bent portion is located above the transport device, and Since the earth and sand gathered in the part is dropped on the transporting device, the earth discharging property can be further improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an excavator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an earth removal device of the excavator according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a front view of an earth removal device of the excavator according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the removing device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the removing device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a schematic front view according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a front view of the right side scraping device according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 1 of an excavator according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a front view of the excavator according to the third embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 Cutter frame (bit support member) 12 bits 24 Earth removal device 26 Rotary bucket 26c Opening 26d Raising member 32 Belt conveyor 39 Removal device (removal means) 43 Passage 43a Branch part 45 Cutter head (bit support member) 48 Pulling device 48b raking plate 49 raking device 49b raking plate 52 1st sediment receiving plate (sediment receiving plate) 53 2nd sediment receiving plate (sediment receiving plate)

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Toshiaki Uehara 11-1 Kitahama-cho, Chita-shi, Aichi Pref. Ichikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Aichi Works (72) Inventor Yutaka Fukuda 1-1-3 Higashikawasaki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo No. Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd.Kobe Main Office (72) Inventor Tsutomu Tomizawa 1-24-4 Shinkawa, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Inside Daitoyo Construction Co., Ltd. Daitoyo Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Haruo Hasegawa 1-424, Shinkawa, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Daitoyo Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Akira Hatoshige 1-1-1, Wadazakicho, Hyogo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo No. 1 Inside Kobe Shipyard of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E21D 9/12 E21D 9/08

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. An excavator having an earth removal device for excavating the ground with the bits by causing a bit supporting member provided with a number of bits to perform parallel link movement, and discharging the excavated earth and sand. An excavator, further comprising: a removing unit that injects and removes a fluid to and from the earth and sand in a movement range of the bit support member below the bit support member. 2. An excavator having an earth removal device for excavating the ground with the bits by causing a bit support member provided with a number of bits to move in parallel link, and discharging the excavated earth and sand. The earth removal device is installed below the excavation section, a rotary bucket provided with a scraping member is rotatably provided, and a transport device for transporting earth and sand backward to a central opening of the rotary bucket is provided, An excavator, wherein the rotary bucket is rotated to scrape up the earth and sand by the scraping member, drop the earth and sand into the transport device, and transport the earth and sand backward by the transport device. 3. The excavator according to claim 1, wherein a scraping device for collecting earth and sand in the earth removal device is arranged on both sides of the earth removal device. 4. The excavator according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the earth removal devices are arranged. 5. An excavator having an earth removal device for excavating a ground by means of a bit by causing a bit support member provided with a number of bits to perform parallel link movement, and discharging the excavated earth and sand. An excavator, wherein the bit supporting member is provided with a sediment receiving plate for dropping excavated earth and sand behind the bit supporting member. 6. The earth and sand receiving plate is bent in a substantially rectangular shape so as to be bent downward when viewed from the front, and the bent portion is located above the earth discharging device, and the bent portion is provided. The excavator according to claim 5, wherein the earth and sand gathered in the excavator are dropped on the earth removal device.