JP2910373B2 - Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engineInfo
- Publication number
- JP2910373B2 JP2910373B2 JP4011769A JP1176992A JP2910373B2 JP 2910373 B2 JP2910373 B2 JP 2910373B2 JP 4011769 A JP4011769 A JP 4011769A JP 1176992 A JP1176992 A JP 1176992A JP 2910373 B2 JP2910373 B2 JP 2910373B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- frequency
- harmful substances
- catalyst
- heating chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims description 40
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 97
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 16
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006864 oxidative decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は高周波エネルギを利用し
て加熱昇温させる高周波発熱体に関するものであり、自
動車などの内燃機関から排出される排気ガス中の炭化水
素、一酸化炭素などの有害物質の分解手段に利用される
ものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a high-frequency heating element that heats and raises a temperature by using high-frequency energy, and is harmful to hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide in exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine such as an automobile. It is used as a means for decomposing substances.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】ガソリンを燃料とする自動車は排気ガス
中に含まれる炭化水素、一酸化炭素、窒素酸化物の排出
規制が強化される動きにある。これら汚染物質の浄化方
法の一つとして触媒による後処理方式があり、現在実用
化されている。この後処理方式に用いられる代表的な触
媒体としては空燃比を理論空燃比付近に制御することに
より炭化水素、一酸化炭素の酸化と窒素酸化物の還元を
同時に行い、無害な炭酸ガス、水蒸気、窒素に変換する
三元触媒があり、この三元触媒は主として乗用車に搭載
されている。2. Description of the Related Art In automobiles that use gasoline as fuel, there is a movement to tighten regulations on the emission of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides contained in exhaust gas. One of the methods for purifying these pollutants is a post-treatment method using a catalyst, which is currently in practical use. A typical catalyst used in this post-treatment system is to control the air-fuel ratio near the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio to simultaneously oxidize hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide and reduce nitrogen oxides, and to use harmless carbon dioxide and water vapor. There is a three-way catalyst for converting to nitrogen, and this three-way catalyst is mainly mounted on passenger cars.
【０００３】図５は乗用車に搭載されている従来の排ガ
ス浄化ユニットを示す。同図において、１はエンジン、
２は排気マニホールド、３は排気管、４は酸素センサ、
５は三元触媒体、６は三元触媒５を収納する容器、７は
排気温度センサ、８はマフラーであり、従来の排ガス浄
化装置は三元触媒体５と容器６から構成され、三元触媒
体５は排気マニホールド２に接続された排気管３の途中
に配置されている。三元触媒体５は特公昭５２−３３５
８号公報に開示されているように、シリカ、アルミナ、
マグネシアを主成分とするコーディエライトのセラミッ
クハニカム構造体からなる担体に表面積の大きいアルミ
ナなどの微粒子からなるコーティング層を設け、このコ
ーティング層に白金、パラジウム、ロジウムなどの貴金
属微粒子を担持して構成されている。FIG. 5 shows a conventional exhaust gas purifying unit mounted on a passenger car. In the figure, 1 is an engine,
2 is an exhaust manifold, 3 is an exhaust pipe, 4 is an oxygen sensor,
Reference numeral 5 denotes a three-way catalyst, 6 denotes a container for accommodating the three-way catalyst 5, 7 denotes an exhaust gas temperature sensor, and 8 denotes a muffler. The catalyst 5 is disposed in the exhaust pipe 3 connected to the exhaust manifold 2. The three-way catalyst 5 is disclosed in JP-B-52-335.
No. 8, silica, alumina,
A carrier consisting of cordierite ceramic honeycomb structure mainly composed of magnesia is provided with a coating layer made of fine particles such as alumina with a large surface area, and this coating layer carries noble metal fine particles such as platinum, palladium and rhodium. Have been.
【０００４】エンジン１が始動すると燃焼による排気ガ
スは排気マニホールド２を通り排気管３の途中に設けら
れた排気ガス浄化装置に導かれる。この排気ガスは三元
触媒体５のハニカム構造を構成する各々のセルを通過し
て排気管３より大気に排出される。この時、空燃比は酸
素センサ４により理論空燃比付近に制御され、排気ガス
中に含まれる炭化水素、一酸化炭素、窒素酸化物は三元
触媒体５の酸化、還元反応により無害な炭酸ガス、水蒸
気、窒素に変換される。しかし、上記反応が起こるため
には三元触媒体５を触媒として機能する温度に昇温させ
る必要がある。この三元触媒体５は排気ガスの熱によっ
て加熱されるがコールドスタート時は触媒として機能す
る温度に到達するのに約１分要し、それまでは有害な排
気ガスが大気に排出されることになる。When the engine 1 is started, the exhaust gas generated by the combustion passes through the exhaust manifold 2 and is guided to an exhaust gas purifier provided in the exhaust pipe 3. The exhaust gas passes through each cell constituting the honeycomb structure of the three-way catalyst 5 and is discharged from the exhaust pipe 3 to the atmosphere. At this time, the air-fuel ratio is controlled near the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio by the oxygen sensor 4, and the hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxide contained in the exhaust gas are harmless carbon dioxide gas due to the oxidation and reduction reactions of the three-way catalyst 5. Is converted to water vapor and nitrogen. However, in order for the above reaction to occur, it is necessary to raise the temperature of the three-way catalyst 5 to a temperature at which it functions as a catalyst. This three-way catalyst 5 is heated by the heat of the exhaust gas, but it takes about one minute to reach the temperature at which it functions as a catalyst during a cold start, and until then, harmful exhaust gas is discharged to the atmosphere. become.
【０００５】上記有害な排気ガスの排出を低減するため
に、三元触媒体５の前面に三元触媒体５より容積の小さ
い金属からなるハニカム構造体（触媒を担持したもの）
を配置し、これを電気ヒータ、バーナなどの加熱手段を
用いて急速加熱し、触媒として機能する温度に到達する
時間を短縮する方法が検討されているがまだ実用レベル
に至っていない。In order to reduce the emission of the harmful exhaust gas, a honeycomb structure made of a metal having a smaller volume than the three-way catalyst 5 is provided on the front surface of the three-way catalyst 5 (supporting a catalyst).
A method for shortening the time required to reach a temperature at which the catalyst functions as a catalyst has been studied, but the method has not yet reached a practical level.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記従来の構成におい
て、触媒体は排気ガスによって加熱されるため触媒とし
て機能する温度に到達するのに約１分かかる。この状況
は現在の排気ガス規制をクリアしているものの、今後さ
らに強化される排気ガス規制に対しては上記コールドス
タート時の排気ガス中の有害物質の排出量（特に炭化水
素）が問題になり、現状の排ガス浄化ユニットでこれを
クリアすることは困難であるという課題があった。In the above-mentioned conventional structure, it takes about one minute to reach a temperature at which the catalyst functions as a catalyst because the catalyst is heated by the exhaust gas. Although this situation has cleared the current exhaust gas regulations, the emission of harmful substances (especially hydrocarbons) in the exhaust gas at the time of the above cold start will be a problem for the exhaust gas regulations that will be further strengthened in the future. However, there is a problem that it is difficult to clear this with the current exhaust gas purification unit.
【０００７】また従来の三元触媒体の前面に配置した金
属からなるハニカム構造体をバーナで加熱する方法は、
バーナの点火時、ミス着火時などに炭化水素が発生した
り、バーナを含めた燃焼構成部の信頼性が劣るなどの課
題があった。A conventional method of heating a honeycomb structure made of metal disposed on the front surface of a three-way catalyst body with a burner is as follows.
There have been problems such as generation of hydrocarbons at the time of ignition of the burner, mis-ignition, and the like, and inferior reliability of combustion components including the burner.
【０００８】またバーナの代わりに電気ヒータを用いる
方法は大電力（大電流）を必要とするので電線が大きく
なり配線が困難となるとともに、別の駆動電源を必要と
するなど自動車電源から十分に供給することが実用的に
困難であるという課題があった。In the method using an electric heater instead of a burner, a large amount of electric power (large current) is required, so that the electric wire becomes large and wiring becomes difficult. There was a problem that it was practically difficult to supply.
【０００９】本発明は上記課題を解決するもので、高周
波によって排気ガス中に含まれる有害物質を分解する浄
化手段を急速加熱し、コールドスタート時の排気ガス中
の有害物質を低減できるとともに、高周波発生源の駆動
電源を自動車電源から十分に供給できる排気ガス浄化装
置の提供を目的としたものである。The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and rapidly heats a purifying means for decomposing harmful substances contained in exhaust gas by high frequency to reduce harmful substances in exhaust gas at the time of cold start. It is an object of the present invention to provide an exhaust gas purifying apparatus capable of sufficiently supplying a driving power source of a generation source from a vehicle power source.
【００１０】[0010]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は上記目的を達成
するため、内燃機関の排気ガスを排出する排気管の途中
に設けられた加熱室と、前記加熱室に高周波エネルギを
発生する高周波発振器と、前記加熱室に収納され、高周
波エネルギを吸収し熱交換により発生する熱で加熱され
る排気ガス中に含まれる有害物質を分解する第１の浄化
手段と、前記加熱室に収納され、第１の浄化手段の排気
ガスの流れに対し後方に配置された排気ガスの熱と前記
第１の浄化手段より発生する熱で加熱される排気ガス中
に含まれる有害物質を分解する第２の浄化手段と、前記
加熱室に酸素を含む気体を供給する送風手段とを備えた
構成としている。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a heating chamber provided in an exhaust pipe for discharging exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, and a high-frequency oscillator for generating high-frequency energy in the heating chamber. A first purifying means housed in the heating chamber, which absorbs high-frequency energy and decomposes harmful substances contained in exhaust gas heated by heat generated by heat exchange; Second purification for decomposing harmful substances contained in the exhaust gas heated by the heat of the exhaust gas disposed behind the flow of the exhaust gas of the first purification means and the heat generated by the first purification means; Means and said
A blower for supplying a gas containing oxygen to the heating chamber is provided.
【００１１】また本発明は有害物質を分解する第１の浄
化手段として、セラミックからなる担体と、前記セラミ
ックからなる担体に担持された高周波を吸収して発熱す
る高周波吸収材料と、前記高周波吸収材料の表面及び空
隙に担持された有害物質の分解を助長する触媒と、前記
セラミックからなる担体と前記高周波吸収材料と前記触
媒を接着する無機質バインダとを用いた構成としてい
る。According to the present invention, as a first purifying means for decomposing harmful substances, a ceramic carrier, a high-frequency absorbing material that absorbs high-frequency waves carried on the ceramic carrier and generates heat, and a high-frequency absorbing material. And a catalyst that promotes the decomposition of harmful substances carried on the surface and the voids, and a carrier made of the ceramic, an inorganic binder that bonds the high-frequency absorbing material and the catalyst.
【００１２】また本発明は有害物質を分解する第２の浄
化手段として、金属またはセラミックからなる担体と、
前記担体に担持された有害物質の分解を助長する触媒と
を用いた構成としている。The present invention also provides a metal or ceramic carrier as a second purifying means for decomposing harmful substances.
And a catalyst for promoting the decomposition of harmful substances carried on the carrier.
【００１３】[0013]
【作用】本発明は上記構成によって、ガソリン車のエン
ジンが始動すると同時に高周波エネルギが第１の浄化手
段を収納している加熱室に給電される。このとき前記第
１の浄化手段は高周波を効率的に吸収し発熱する高周波
吸収材料と低温で有害物質を分解する触媒が担持されて
いるので、排気ガス中に含まれる有害物質である炭化水
素や一酸化炭素を分解する温度に短時間で上昇し、前記
有害物質を無害である水蒸気と炭酸ガスに分解させるこ
とができる。また前記第１の浄化手段において、セラミ
ックからなる担体に担持した高周波吸収材料のみが高周
波エネルギを吸収し発熱するので高周波エネルギを発生
するための消費電力を少なくすることができる。さらに
前記加熱室に酸素を含む気体を供給する送風手段を設け
た構成にすることにより、排気ガス中の有害物質である
炭化水素や一酸化炭素の分解 に必要な酸素を十分に供給
することができる。したがって高周波エネルギにより加
熱された第１の浄化手段に前記送風手段から酸素を含む
気体を供給することによって、有害物質の分解反応の進
行を促進させることができ、より高い浄化性能を得るこ
とができる。 According to the present invention, high-frequency energy is supplied to the heating chamber accommodating the first purifying means at the same time when the engine of the gasoline vehicle is started. At this time, since the first purifying means carries a high frequency absorbing material that efficiently absorbs high frequency and generates heat and a catalyst that decomposes harmful substances at low temperature, hydrocarbons that are harmful substances contained in exhaust gas and The temperature is raised in a short time to a temperature at which carbon monoxide is decomposed, and the harmful substance can be decomposed into harmless water vapor and carbon dioxide gas. In the first purifying means, only the high-frequency absorbing material carried on the ceramic carrier absorbs high-frequency energy and generates heat, so that power consumption for generating high-frequency energy can be reduced. further
Blowing means for supplying a gas containing oxygen to the heating chamber is provided.
Harmful substances in exhaust gas
Supplies enough oxygen to decompose hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide
can do. Therefore, additional
Heated first purifying means contains oxygen from said blowing means
By supplying gas, the decomposition reaction of harmful substances progresses.
Can be promoted and higher purification performance can be obtained.
Can be.
【００１４】一方、エンジンが始動して１分程度経過す
ると排気ガス温度が上昇するので第１の浄化手段は前記
有害物質を分解できる温度以上に保持され、高周波エネ
ルギによる加熱は必要なくなる。さらに第２の浄化手段
も排気ガスによる熱や第１の浄化手段から放出される熱
によって加熱され、前記有害物質を分解できる温度以上
に上昇する。したがって自動車が走行状態に入り、エン
ジン回転数が高くなることにより排気ガス量が多くなっ
ても、第１、第２の浄化手段が有害物質の分解機能を有
するので高い浄化性能を維持することができる。On the other hand, about one minute after the start of the engine, the temperature of the exhaust gas rises, so that the first purifying means is maintained at a temperature higher than the temperature at which the harmful substances can be decomposed, and heating by high-frequency energy is not required. Further, the second purifying means is also heated by the heat of the exhaust gas and the heat released from the first purifying means, and rises to a temperature at which the harmful substance can be decomposed. Therefore, even if the automobile enters a running state and the amount of exhaust gas increases due to an increase in the engine speed, the first and second purification means have a function of decomposing harmful substances, so that high purification performance can be maintained. it can.
【００１５】また第１の浄化手段に有害物質を低温で分
解する触媒を用いることにより、前述の有害物質の分解
反応をより低温で起こさせることができ、浄化性能が一
層向上するとともに、高周波エネルギの発生に必要な消
費出力をより少なくすることができる。Further, by using a catalyst for decomposing harmful substances at a low temperature as the first purifying means, the above-mentioned decomposition reaction of the harmful substances can be caused at a lower temperature. Consumption output required for the occurrence of the above can be further reduced.
【００１６】[0016]
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例を添付図面を参照して
説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
【００１７】図１は本発明の内燃機関用排ガス浄化装置
の参考例を示すものである。図１において、９は内燃機
関の排気ガスを排出する排気管、１０は排気管の途中に
設けられた加熱室、１１は加熱室１０内に収納され、排
気ガス中に含まれる有害物質である炭化水素や一酸化炭
素を分解する第１の浄化手段、１２は加熱室１０内に収
納され、排気ガスの流れに対し第１の浄化手段１１の後
方に配置された排気ガス中に含まれる有害物質を分解す
る第２の浄化手段、１３は第１および第２の浄化手段１
１、１２を支持および断熱するための断熱材である。１
４は加熱室１０に給電する高周波エネルギを発生させる
高周波発振器、１５は高周波発振器１４から発生した高
周波を加熱室１０に伝送する導波管である。この導波管
１５の加熱室１０内の排気ガス流入側は高周波を遮断
し、かつ排気ガスを第１の浄化手段１１へ導入できるよ
うに多数のパンチング孔を設けた構成としており、一方
排気ガス流出側は排気ガスを通過させるとともに、高周
波を第１の浄化手段１１へ給電するための開口部を設け
た構成としている。なお、前記開口部の周囲には排気ガ
スの圧力損失を低減するために高周波を遮蔽できる多数
のパンチング孔を設けてもよい。１６は第２の浄化手段
１２への高周波の漏れを防止する高周波遮蔽手段であ
り、前述の多数のパンチング孔を有する金属板あるいは
多数の貫通孔を有する金属のハニカム構造体から構成さ
れる。FIG . 1 shows an exhaust gas purifying apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention.
3 shows a reference example. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 9 denotes an exhaust pipe for discharging exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine, 10 denotes a heating chamber provided in the middle of the exhaust pipe, 11 denotes a harmful substance contained in the heating chamber 10 and contained in the exhaust gas. The first purifying means 12 for decomposing hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide is housed in the heating chamber 10 and is harmful to the flow of the exhaust gas contained in the exhaust gas disposed behind the first purifying means 11. The second purifying means for decomposing the substance, 13 is the first and second purifying means 1
It is a heat insulating material for supporting and insulating the elements 1 and 12. 1
Reference numeral 4 denotes a high-frequency oscillator that generates high-frequency energy for feeding the heating chamber 10, and 15 denotes a waveguide that transmits the high-frequency generated by the high-frequency oscillator 14 to the heating chamber 10. The exhaust gas inflow side of the waveguide 15 in the heating chamber 10 has a configuration in which high frequency is cut off and a number of punching holes are provided so that the exhaust gas can be introduced into the first purification means 11. The outflow side has a configuration in which exhaust gas is passed and an opening for supplying high frequency power to the first purification unit 11 is provided. In addition, a number of punching holes capable of blocking high frequency may be provided around the opening to reduce pressure loss of exhaust gas. Reference numeral 16 denotes a high-frequency shielding unit for preventing high-frequency leakage to the second purifying unit 12, and is constituted by the above-described metal plate having a large number of punched holes or a metal honeycomb structure having a large number of through-holes.
【００１８】エンジンから排出された排気ガスは図１中
矢印で示した方向から排気管９を流れ、第１の浄化手段
１１に流入する。流入した排気ガスに含まれる炭化水素
や一酸化炭素の有害物質は第１の浄化手段１１および第
２の浄化手段１２により分解され、浄化された排気ガス
は排気管９より大気に排出される。Exhaust gas discharged from the engine flows through the exhaust pipe 9 from the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. The harmful substances such as hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide contained in the inflowing exhaust gas are decomposed by the first purifying means 11 and the second purifying means 12, and the purified exhaust gas is discharged to the atmosphere through the exhaust pipe 9.
【００１９】図２は本発明の排気ガス浄化装置に用いら
れる第１の浄化手段１１の外観を示すものである。第１
の浄化手段１１の担体としては図２に示すようにセラミ
ックの隔壁により形成される多数の連通孔を有するハニ
カム構造体が適用される。このハニカム構造体からなる
担体はアルミナ、シリカ、ジルコニアなどのセラミック
繊維からなる多孔質シートのコルゲート加工やアルミ
ナ、シリカ、マグネシアを主成分とするコーディエライ
トのセラミック粉末の押し出し成形による加工によって
造られる。そして上述のハニカム構造体からなる担体に
高周波を効率よく吸収し発熱する高周波吸収材料と排気
ガス中の有害物質を低温で分解する触媒が担持される。FIG. 2 shows the appearance of the first purifying means 11 used in the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the present invention. First
As a carrier of the purifying means 11, a honeycomb structure having a large number of communication holes formed by ceramic partition walls as shown in FIG. 2 is applied. The carrier made of the honeycomb structure is manufactured by corrugating a porous sheet made of ceramic fibers such as alumina, silica, and zirconia, and extruding a cordierite ceramic powder mainly containing alumina, silica, and magnesia. . A carrier made of the above-mentioned honeycomb structure carries a high-frequency absorbing material that efficiently absorbs high-frequency waves and generates heat, and a catalyst that decomposes harmful substances in exhaust gas at a low temperature.
【００２０】図３は前記高周波吸収材料、触媒が担体に
担持された状態を示す第１の浄化手段１１の一部断面図
である。同図（ａ）はハニカム構造を有する担体がセラ
ミック粉末から構成される場合であり、１７は前記担体
のセラミック隔壁を示している。このセラミック隔壁１
７は緻密であるので高周波吸収材料１８、触媒１９のほ
とんどはセラミック隔壁１７の表面に担持された状態に
あり、無機質バインダ２０によって前述の各材料が接着
されている。一方同図（ｂ）はハニカム構造を有する担
体がセラミック繊維から構成される場合であり、２１は
セラミック繊維を示している。セラミック繊維２１から
構成される担体は多孔質であるので高周波吸収材料１
８、触媒１９は前記担体の表面だけでなく、内部にも担
持された状態にあり、無機質バインダ２０によって前述
の各材料が接着されている。FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the first purification means 11 showing a state where the high-frequency absorbing material and the catalyst are supported on a carrier. FIG. 1A shows a case where a carrier having a honeycomb structure is made of ceramic powder, and reference numeral 17 denotes a ceramic partition of the carrier. This ceramic partition 1
Since 7 is dense, most of the high-frequency absorbing material 18 and the catalyst 19 are supported on the surface of the ceramic partition wall 17, and the above-described materials are bonded by the inorganic binder 20. On the other hand, FIG. 2B shows a case where the carrier having the honeycomb structure is made of ceramic fibers, and reference numeral 21 denotes ceramic fibers. Since the carrier composed of the ceramic fibers 21 is porous, the high-frequency absorbing material 1
8. The catalyst 19 is supported not only on the surface of the carrier but also inside the carrier, and the above-mentioned materials are adhered by the inorganic binder 20.
【００２１】図４は本発明の実施例における内燃機関用
排気ガス浄化装置の構成を示す。同図において、図１と
同一部材及び同一機能部材は同一番号で示している。図
１と異なる点は排気ガス浄化装置に酸素を含む気体を供
給する送風手段を設けた構成としていることである。２
２は加熱室１０に酸素を含む気体を供給する送風手段で
あり、この送風手段２２は送風機あるいは各種ポンプが
適用され、前記気体は導風管２３を通り加熱室１０に導
かれる。また導風管２３の途中には前記気体の送風を制
御するバルブ２４が設けられている。このバルブ２４は
本発明の排気ガス浄化装置を使用しない場合はエンジン
からの排気ガスが送風手段２２へ流入しないように閉鎖
されている。２５は高周波を放射するアンテナであり、
高周波発振器１４から発生した高周波は導波管１５を伝
送され、アンテナ２５より第１の浄化手段１１に放射状
に給電される。この場合、加熱室１０内部の導波管１５
は図１のように高周波を給電する開口部は必要なく、排
気ガスが通過でき、かつ高周波を遮蔽できる多数のパン
チング孔が設けられている。また２６はハニカム構造を
有する金属の成型体からなる第２の浄化手段であり、金
属上に形成している酸化被膜に白金、パラジウム、ロジ
ウムなどの貴金属からなる三元触媒が担持されている。
第２の浄化手段２６としてハニカム構造を有する金属の
成型体を用いる場合、それ自身が高周波の遮蔽機能を有
するので図１に示す高周波遮蔽手段１６を設ける必要は
ない。FIG. 4 shows a configuration for an internal combustion engine exhaust gas purification device according onset Ming embodiment. In the figure, the same members and the same functional members as those in FIG. 1 are indicated by the same numbers. The difference from FIG. 1 is that the exhaust gas purifier is provided with a blower for supplying a gas containing oxygen. 2
Reference numeral 2 denotes a blower for supplying a gas containing oxygen to the heating chamber 10, and a blower or various pumps are applied to the blower 22, and the gas is guided to the heating chamber 10 through a baffle tube 23. Further, a valve 24 for controlling the blowing of the gas is provided in the air guide tube 23. This valve 24 is closed so that the exhaust gas from the engine does not flow into the blowing means 22 when the exhaust gas purifying device of the present invention is not used. 25 is an antenna for radiating high frequency,
The high frequency generated from the high frequency oscillator 14 is transmitted through the waveguide 15 and is fed radially from the antenna 25 to the first purifier 11. In this case, the waveguide 15 inside the heating chamber 10
As shown in FIG. 1, there is no need for an opening for supplying high frequency, and a large number of punching holes capable of passing exhaust gas and shielding high frequency are provided. Reference numeral 26 denotes a second purifying means formed of a metal molded body having a honeycomb structure, and a three-way catalyst formed of a noble metal such as platinum, palladium, and rhodium is carried on an oxide film formed on the metal.
When a metal molded body having a honeycomb structure is used as the second purification means 26, it does not need to provide the high-frequency shielding means 16 shown in FIG.
【００２２】第２の浄化手段１２は従来の三元触媒が適
用可能であり、ハニカム構造を有するセラミック担体に
表面積の大きなアルミナなどの微粒子からなるコーティ
ング層を設け、このコーティング層に白金、パラジウ
ム、ロジウムなどの貴金属微粒子を担持して得られる
（図示せず）。また、セラミック担体の代わりに酸化被
膜を形成した金属担体を用い、前記酸化被膜に前記触媒
を担持したものも適用できる。また、第２の浄化手段１
２として第１の浄化手段１１と同じ組成のものを用いて
もよい。ただし、高周波吸収材料はなくてもよい。As the second purifying means 12, a conventional three-way catalyst can be applied. A ceramic carrier having a honeycomb structure is provided with a coating layer made of fine particles such as alumina having a large surface area. It is obtained by supporting noble metal fine particles such as rhodium (not shown). Further, a metal carrier having an oxide film formed thereon instead of the ceramic carrier, and the catalyst supported on the oxide film can be applied. Further, the second purifying means 1
As 2, one having the same composition as the first purification means 11 may be used. However, the high frequency absorbing material may not be necessary.
【００２３】次に本発明の排気ガス浄化装置における排
気ガス中に含まれる有害物質の分解による浄化プロセス
について説明する。Next, a purification process by decomposing harmful substances contained in exhaust gas in the exhaust gas purification apparatus of the present invention will be described.
【００２４】ガソリン車のエンジンが始動するとエンジ
ンから排出された一酸化炭素や炭化水素などの有害物質
を含む排気ガスは排気管９を通り、第１の浄化手段１１
に流入する。エンジン始動と同時に高周波発振器１４が
制御部（図示せず）からの指令により高周波を発生さ
せ、この高周波は導波管１５を伝送して第１の浄化手段
１１を収納している加熱室１０に給電される。第１の浄
化手段１１を構成している高周波吸収材料１８が給電さ
れた高周波エネルギを吸収し、熱エネルギに変換される
ことによって第１の浄化手段１１が加熱される。一方第
一の浄化手段１１が加熱されると、第一の浄化手段１１
を収納する加熱室１０に送風手段２２によって酸素を含
む気体が供給される。このとき第１の浄化手段１１には
触媒１９が担持されており、この触媒１９が前記排気ガ
ス中の有害物質を分解できる温度に上昇すると供給され
た酸素と反応して無害である水蒸気と炭酸ガスに分解
し、排気ガスは浄化される。この浄化された排気ガスは
マフラを通過して排気管９より大気に排出される。When the engine of the gasoline-powered vehicle starts, the exhaust gas containing harmful substances such as carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons discharged from the engine passes through the exhaust pipe 9 and passes through the first purification means 11.
Flows into. Simultaneously with the start of the engine, a high frequency oscillator 14 generates a high frequency according to a command from a control unit (not shown), and the high frequency is transmitted through a waveguide 15 to a heating chamber 10 containing the first purifying means 11. Powered. The high-frequency absorbing material 18 constituting the first purification unit 11 absorbs the supplied high-frequency energy and is converted into heat energy, so that the first purification unit 11 is heated. On the other hand
When the one purifying means 11 is heated, the first purifying means 11
The oxygen is contained in the heating chamber 10 containing
Gas is supplied. At this time, a catalyst 19 is carried on the first purifying means 11, and the catalyst 19 is supplied when the temperature of the catalyst 19 rises to a temperature at which harmful substances in the exhaust gas can be decomposed.
The exhaust gas is purified by reacting with the oxygen and decomposing into harmless water vapor and carbon dioxide gas. The purified exhaust gas passes through the muffler and is discharged from the exhaust pipe 9 to the atmosphere.
【００２５】本発明の第１の浄化手段１１としてハニカ
ム構造を有するセラミック粉末による担体を用いた場合
（図３（ａ））、高周波吸収材料１８と触媒１９は前記
セラミック担体の表面部に担持された状態になる。した
がって高周波エネルギの吸収が第１の浄化手段１１の表
面層だけになり、短時間で触媒１９を有害物質の分解可
能な温度に上昇させることができ、自動車エンジンの始
動時における排気ガス中に含まれる有害物質の浄化性能
を向上させることができる。When a carrier made of ceramic powder having a honeycomb structure is used as the first purifying means 11 of the present invention (FIG. 3A), the high-frequency absorbing material 18 and the catalyst 19 are carried on the surface of the ceramic carrier. State. Therefore, the high frequency energy is absorbed only in the surface layer of the first purification means 11, and the temperature of the catalyst 19 can be raised to a temperature at which the harmful substances can be decomposed in a short time. Purification performance of harmful substances can be improved.
【００２６】またセラミック担体としてセラミック繊維
２１を用いた場合（図３（ｂ））、高周波吸収材料１
８、触媒１９は第１の浄化手段１１の表面だけでなくそ
の内部にも担持される状態になるとともにポーラス構造
にすることができる。したがって第１の浄化手段１１は
発熱表面積、触媒表面積を増加させることができるとと
もに熱容量が小さくなるので第１の浄化手段１１全体を
短時間で触媒１９を有害物質の分解可能な温度に上昇さ
せることができ、有害物質の浄化性能をより高くするこ
とができる。When the ceramic fiber 21 is used as the ceramic carrier (FIG. 3B), the high-frequency absorbing material 1
8. The catalyst 19 is supported not only on the surface of the first purification means 11 but also inside the first purification means 11 and can have a porous structure. Therefore, the first purifying means 11 can increase the heat generating surface area and the catalyst surface area and reduce the heat capacity, so that the entire first purifying means 11 can be raised in a short time to a temperature at which the catalyst 19 can decompose harmful substances. And the purification performance of harmful substances can be further improved.
【００２７】また、第１の浄化手段１１を構成するセラ
ミック担体に高い高周波吸収特性を有する高周波吸収材
料１８を担持することにより、上述した第１の浄化手段
１１の加熱手段として高周波加熱方式を適用する場合
は、電気ヒータ加熱方式（金属ハニカム担体の加熱）で
同じ温度上昇を得る場合に比べ、１／３〜１／２レベル
の消費電力とすることが可能であり、高周波発生源の駆
動電源を自動車電源から十分に供給することができる。The high-frequency heating method is applied as the heating means of the first purification means 11 by supporting the high-frequency absorption material 18 having high high-frequency absorption characteristics on the ceramic carrier constituting the first purification means 11. In this case, power consumption can be reduced to 1/3 to 1/2 level as compared with a case where the same temperature rise is obtained by an electric heater heating method (heating of a metal honeycomb carrier). Can be sufficiently supplied from a vehicle power supply.
【００２８】高周波の吸収特性の高い高周波吸収材料１
８としては半導体材料が挙げられ、特に亜鉛、銅、マン
ガン、コバルト、鉄、スズ、チタン、ケイ素を主成分と
する酸化物、炭化物、および前記金属を含む複合酸化物
の少なくとも１種からなるものが適用される。上記材料
が高周波を吸収し熱変換する機構は明確ではないが、上
記半導体材料の持つ大きな誘電率と誘電体損失によって
高周波を吸収し、発熱するものと考えられる。High frequency absorption material 1 having high high frequency absorption characteristics
Examples of the material 8 include a semiconductor material, particularly at least one of oxides, carbides, and composite oxides containing the above metals, which are mainly composed of zinc, copper, manganese, cobalt, iron, tin, titanium, and silicon. Is applied. The mechanism by which the material absorbs high frequency and converts it into heat is not clear, but it is considered that the material absorbs high frequency and generates heat due to the large dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the semiconductor material.
【００２９】また有害物質を低温で分解する触媒１９と
しては白金、パラジウム、ロジウムの貴金属、銅、マン
ガン、コバルトの酸化物、ペロブスカイト型複合酸化物
が挙げられ、これらの少なくとも１種がハニカム構造を
有するセラミック担体に、高周波吸収材料１８とともに
担持される。The catalyst 19 for decomposing harmful substances at a low temperature includes noble metals of platinum, palladium and rhodium, oxides of copper, manganese and cobalt, and perovskite-type composite oxides. At least one of these has a honeycomb structure. Supported together with the high-frequency absorbing material 18.
【００３０】また無機質バインダ２０は特に限定される
ものではないが、耐熱性、接着性に優れたアルミナ、シ
リカ、ジルコニアなどのコロイド粒子のものがよい。The inorganic binder 20 is not particularly limited, but is preferably a colloidal particle of alumina, silica, zirconia or the like having excellent heat resistance and adhesiveness.
【００３１】上述のハニカム構造を有するセラミック担
体は図３（ａ）、（ｂ）のいづれでもよいが、図３
（ｂ）に示したセラミック繊維で構成する方法が熱容量
を小さくすることができる（単位体積当たりの重量が小
さい）ので、昇温速度を速くすることができ、より優れ
た有害物質の浄化性能が得られる。また担体の温度差を
少なくすることができるので熱歪みが原因で起こるクラ
ックの発生を防止することができる。The ceramic carrier having the above-described honeycomb structure may be any of FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b).
Since the method using ceramic fibers shown in (b) can reduce the heat capacity (the weight per unit volume is small), the heating rate can be increased, and the purification performance of harmful substances can be improved. can get. Further, since the temperature difference of the carrier can be reduced, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of cracks caused by thermal distortion.
【００３２】排気ガス中の有害物質である炭化水素や一
酸化炭素を分解し、水蒸気と炭酸ガスに変換するために
は酸素が必要となる。しかし、理論空燃比近辺でエンジ
ンが運転される場合は排気ガス中の酸素濃度は極めて低
い状態にあり、上記反応がスムーズに行われない問題が
発生する。本発明では上記構成に示すように、送風手段
２２から加熱室１０に前記有害物質の分解に必要な酸素
を含む気体を供給することによって上記反応をスムーズ
に起こさせることができる。これによって排気ガス中に
含まれる炭化水素や一酸化炭素などの有害物質の浄化性
能を向上させることができる。なお送風手段２２から供
給する酸素が上記反応に必要な量よりも多くなると排気
ガス中の窒素酸化物の濃度が増加する傾向になる。した
がって供給する酸素の量は上記反応をスムーズに起こさ
せるのに必要な量に制御することが好ましい。Oxygen is required to decompose hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide, which are harmful substances, in the exhaust gas and convert them into steam and carbon dioxide. However, when the engine is operated near the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas is in an extremely low state, and a problem occurs in that the above-described reaction is not performed smoothly. In the present invention, as shown in the above configuration, the above reaction can be smoothly caused by supplying a gas containing oxygen necessary for decomposing the harmful substance from the blowing means 22 to the heating chamber 10. As a result, the performance of purifying harmful substances such as hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide contained in the exhaust gas can be improved. If the amount of oxygen supplied from the blowing means 22 exceeds the amount required for the above reaction, the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas tends to increase. Therefore, it is preferable to control the amount of supplied oxygen to an amount necessary for causing the above reaction to occur smoothly.
【００３３】一方、エンジン起動後は排気ガス温度が除
々に高くなり、約１分経過すると第１の浄化手段１１は
排気ガス温度だけでも有害物質を分解できる温度以上に
上昇する。したがって高周波エネルギによる加熱は必要
なくなり、高周波発振器からの高周波の発振が止められ
る。通常、この時期自動車は走行状態に入っており、エ
ンジン回転数の増加により排気ガス量が増加し、第１の
浄化手段１１だけでは有害物質を十分に浄化できなくな
る。On the other hand, after the engine is started, the temperature of the exhaust gas gradually increases. After about one minute, the first purifying means 11 rises to a temperature at which the harmful substances can be decomposed by the exhaust gas temperature alone. Therefore, heating by high-frequency energy is not required, and high-frequency oscillation from the high-frequency oscillator is stopped. Usually, at this time, the vehicle is in a running state, and the amount of exhaust gas increases due to an increase in the engine speed, so that the first purifying means 11 alone cannot sufficiently purify harmful substances.
【００３４】しかしながら、本発明の排気ガス浄化装置
は第１の浄化手段１１の後方に第２の浄化手段１２を配
置しており、この第２の浄化手段１２は排気ガスによる
熱や第１の浄化手段１１から放出される熱によって加熱
され、短時間で有害物質を分解できる温度以上に上昇す
る。したがって自動車が走行状態に入り排気ガス量が多
くなっても、第１の浄化手段１１と第２の浄化手段１２
の二つが有害物質の分解に機能するので高い浄化性能を
維持することができる。However, in the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the present invention, the second purifying means 12 is disposed behind the first purifying means 11, and the second purifying means 12 generates heat by the exhaust gas or the first purifying means. It is heated by the heat released from the purification means 11 and rises to a temperature at which the harmful substances can be decomposed in a short time or more. Therefore, even if the vehicle enters a running state and the amount of exhaust gas increases, the first purification unit 11 and the second purification unit 12
Since the two functions to decompose harmful substances, high purification performance can be maintained.
【００３５】[0035]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明の内燃機関用
排気ガス浄化装置によれば、以下の効果が得られる。 （１）本発明における第１の浄化手段は高周波の吸収特
性に優れた高周波吸収材料を用いているので短時間で排
気ガス中に含まれる有害物質である炭化水素や一酸化炭
素を分解する温度に上昇し、分解反応によって無害であ
る水蒸気と炭酸ガスに変換することができる。また酸素
を含む気体を供給する送風手段を設けることによって排
気ガス中の有害物質である炭化水素や一酸化炭素の酸化
分解に必要な酸素を第１の浄化手段に供給することがで
きる。その結果、炭化水素や一酸化炭素の酸化反応の進
行を促進させることができるのでより高い有害物質の浄
化性能を得ることができる。したがって自動車エンジン
の始動時における排気ガス中に含まれる有害物質を浄化
することができ、大気への有害物質の排出を防止するこ
とができる。 （２）本発明の第１の浄化手段を構成するセラミック担
体に高い高周波吸収特性をもつ高周波吸収材料を担持す
ることにより、電気ヒータによる加熱方式（金属ハニカ
ム担体の加熱）で同じ温度上昇を得る場合に比べ、１／
３〜１／２レベルの消費電力とすることが可能であり、
高周波発生源の駆動電源を自動車電源から十分に供給す
ることができる。 （３）第２の浄化手段が排気ガスによる熱や第１の浄化
手段から放出される熱によって加熱され、前記有害物質
を分解できる温度以上に上昇するので自動車が走行状態
に入り、エンジン回転数が高くなることにより排気ガス
量が多くなっても、第１、第２の両方の浄化手段が有害
物質を分解させることができ、高い浄化性能を維持する
ことができる。As described above, according to the exhaust gas purifying apparatus for an internal combustion engine of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. (1) Since the first purifying means of the present invention uses a high-frequency absorbing material having excellent high-frequency absorption characteristics, the temperature at which hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide, which are harmful substances contained in exhaust gas, are decomposed in a short time. And can be converted into harmless steam and carbon dioxide gas by a decomposition reaction. Further, by providing a blowing means for supplying a gas containing oxygen, it is possible to supply oxygen necessary for oxidative decomposition of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide, which are harmful substances in exhaust gas, to the first purification means. As a result, the progress of the oxidation reaction of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide can be promoted, so that higher harmful substance purification performance can be obtained. Therefore, it is possible to purify the harmful substances contained in the exhaust gas at the time of starting the automobile engine, and to prevent the discharge of the harmful substances to the atmosphere. (2) The same temperature rise can be obtained by a heating method using an electric heater (heating of the metal honeycomb carrier) by supporting a high-frequency absorbing material having high high-frequency absorption characteristics on the ceramic carrier constituting the first purification means of the present invention. 1 /
3 to 1/2 level of power consumption is possible,
The driving power supply for the high frequency generation source can be sufficiently supplied from the vehicle power supply. (3) The second purifier is heated by the heat of the exhaust gas or the heat released from the first purifier and rises to a temperature higher than the temperature at which the harmful substances can be decomposed. Therefore, even if the amount of exhaust gas is increased due to the increase in the amount of exhaust gas, both the first and second purifying means can decompose harmful substances, and can maintain high purification performance.
【図１】本発明の参考例における内燃機関用排気ガス浄
化装置の構成図FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an exhaust gas purifying apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to a reference example of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の一実施例における第１の浄化手段の外
観図FIG. 2 is an external view of a first purification unit according to one embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の一実施例における第１の浄化手段の一
部断面図FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a first purification unit according to one embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の一実施例における内燃機関用排気ガス
浄化装置の構成図FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of an exhaust gas purifying apparatus for an internal combustion engine in one embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】従来の排ガス浄化装置の構成図FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a conventional exhaust gas purification device.
９ 排気管 １０ 加熱室 １１ 第１の浄化手段 １２ 第２の浄化手段（セラミック担体） １３ 断熱材 １４ 高周波発振器 １５ 導波管 １６ マイクロ波遮蔽手段 １７ セラミック隔壁 １８ 高周波吸収材料 １９ 触媒 ２０ 無機質バインダ ２１ セラミック繊維 ２２ 送風手段 ２３ 導風管 ２４ バルブ ２５ アンテナ ２６ 第２の浄化手段（金属担体） Reference Signs List 9 exhaust pipe 10 heating chamber 11 first purifying means 12 second purifying means (ceramic carrier) 13 heat insulating material 14 high-frequency oscillator 15 waveguide 16 microwave shielding means 17 ceramic partition 18 high-frequency absorbing material 19 catalyst 20 inorganic binder 21 Ceramic fiber 22 Air blowing means 23 Air guide tube 24 Valve 25 Antenna 26 Second purification means (metal carrier)
フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) F01N 3/20 B01D 53/94 F01N 3/24 F01N 3/28 Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. 6 , DB name) F01N 3/20 B01D 53/94 F01N 3/24 F01N 3/28
Claims (3)
中に設けられた加熱室と、前記加熱室に高周波エネルギ
を発生する高周波発振器と、前記加熱室に収納され、高
周波エネルギを吸収し熱交換により発生する熱で加熱さ
れる排気ガス中に含まれる有害物質を分解する第１の浄
化手段と、前記加熱室に収納され、第１の浄化手段の排
気ガスの流れに対し後方に配置された排気ガスの熱と前
記第１の浄化手段より発生する熱で加熱される排気ガス
中に含まれる有害物質を分解する第２の浄化手段と、前
記加熱室に酸素を含む気体を供給する送風手段とを備え
た内燃機関用排気ガス浄化装置。1. A heating chamber provided in an exhaust pipe for discharging exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, a high-frequency oscillator for generating high-frequency energy in the heating chamber, and housed in the heating chamber to absorb high-frequency energy. First purifying means for decomposing harmful substances contained in exhaust gas heated by heat generated by heat exchange, and housed in the heating chamber and arranged rearward with respect to the flow of exhaust gas of the first purifying means; A second purifier for decomposing harmful substances contained in the exhaust gas heated by the heat of the exhaust gas and the heat generated by the first purifier, and supplying a gas containing oxygen to the heating chamber. An exhaust gas purifying apparatus for an internal combustion engine, comprising: a blower.
ミックからなる担体と、前記セラミックからなる担体に
担持された高周波を吸収する高周波吸収材料と、前記高
周波吸収材料の表面及び空隙に担持された触媒と、前記
セラミックからなる担体と前記高周波吸収材料と前記触
媒を接着する無機質バインダとならなる請求項１記載の
内燃機関用排気ガス浄化装置。A first purifying means for decomposing harmful substances, a carrier made of ceramic, a high frequency absorbing material for absorbing high frequency carried on the carrier made of ceramic, and a carrier supported on a surface and a gap of the high frequency absorbing material; The exhaust gas purifying apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst, the carrier made of the ceramic, the high-frequency absorbing material, and an inorganic binder for bonding the catalyst are used.
からなる担体もしくはセラミックからなる担体と、前記
担体の表面に担持された触媒とからなる請求項１記載の
内燃機関用排気ガス浄化装置。3. The exhaust gas purification for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the second purifying means for decomposing harmful substances comprises a carrier made of a metal or a carrier made of a ceramic, and a catalyst carried on the surface of the carrier. apparatus.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4011769A JP2910373B2 (en) | 1992-01-27 | 1992-01-27 | Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4011769A JP2910373B2 (en) | 1992-01-27 | 1992-01-27 | Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05202738A JPH05202738A (en) | 1993-08-10 |
| JP2910373B2 true JP2910373B2 (en) | 1999-06-23 |
Family
ID=11787187
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4011769A Expired - Fee Related JP2910373B2 (en) | 1992-01-27 | 1992-01-27 | Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2910373B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2870376B2 (en) * | 1993-09-28 | 1999-03-17 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | High frequency heating element with catalytic function |
| JPH07222912A (en) * | 1994-02-15 | 1995-08-22 | Zexel Corp | Exhaust gas purifying device for vehicle |
| DE102009011961A1 (en) * | 2009-03-10 | 2010-09-16 | Advanced Nuclear Fuels Gmbh | Suction device for gases or smoke, in particular welding fume, welding system and associated method |
| JP2010270995A (en) * | 2009-05-22 | 2010-12-02 | Yokohama National Univ | Deodorization device of odor generated from combustion heater |
| JP7052637B2 (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2022-04-12 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Internal combustion engine control device |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04241717A (en) * | 1991-01-11 | 1992-08-28 | Toyota Motor Corp | Exhaust gas purifying device |
-
1992
- 1992-01-27 JP JP4011769A patent/JP2910373B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH05202738A (en) | 1993-08-10 |
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