JP2900592B2 - Rotating machine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a rotating machine such as a generator or an electric motor,
In particular, it relates to a vehicle alternator.

[Prior Art] An alternator for a vehicle disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-36701 owned by the present applicant is provided with a fan in front of and behind a claw-shaped pole core to supply air taken in from the front and rear end walls of a frame. Air is exhausted from a common air outlet provided on the outer peripheral wall of the frame.

An example of the production of this front / rear end suction type vehicle alternator will be described.
Figure 10 shows.

Air inlet 1 on front and rear end walls of frames 1 and 1 '
2, 12 'are opened, and air outlets (not shown) are opened in the outer peripheral walls of the frames 1, 1'. And
A front fan 8 is fixed to the shaft 5 or the claw pole core 6, and the front fan 8 has a gap between the stator core 3a and the claw pole cores 6 and 6 'from the air inlet 12 on the front side. Or claw pole 6,
Air outlet on the rear side through a gap in 6 '(not shown)
The front side airflow F is blown. A rear fan 8 'is fixed to the shaft 5 or the pawl core 6', and the rear fan 8 'is connected to a rear air inlet.
A rear air flow F 'is centrifugally blown from 12' to a rear air outlet (not shown). Further, the disk portion 82 of the rear fan 8 'extends in the shape of a flat plate in the radial direction, and the side edge of the wing portion 83 of the rear fan 8' is formed on the claw-shaped pole core 6 'as the distance from the shaft 5 increases. It is inclined to be close. At the rear of frame 1 ', regulator 17, brush
16a, a heat generating member such as a slip ring 9 is housed.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The above-described front-rear end suction type vehicle AC generator (hereinafter, also simply referred to as vehicle AC generator) is configured such that the airflow flowing from the front fan 8 to the rear side blows out. That is, the rotor coil 7 and the claw-shaped pole cores 6 and 6 'are cooled by the front airflow F), and the airflow (that is, the rear airflow) flowing from the rear fan 8' to the blow-out air outlet (not shown). ) By the above-mentioned heat generating members and stator coil 3b
And the rear part of the stator core 3a is cooled.

However, in this type of vehicle alternator, the front airflow F reaching the rear portion of the pawl-shaped pole core 6 'passes through the gap between the rear end of the stator core 3a and the outer edge of the rear fan 8', and is thus prevented from flowing in the axial direction. Air outlet (not shown) which is rapidly deflected from the outside to the outside and opened on the outer peripheral wall of the frame 1 '.
I have to go to.

In other words, the resistance of the front-side airflow F increases due to the deflection and the pressure of the flow path behind the stator core 3a, which hinders the improvement of the cooling ability of the claw-shaped pole cores 6 and 6 'and the rotor coil 7.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a front-rear-end suction-type vehicle alternator having reduced front-side airflow resistance behind a stator core without adversely affecting rear-side airflow. That is the problem to be solved.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In a rotating machine according to a first aspect of the present invention, an air inlet is opened on a front end wall and a rear end wall, and an air outlet is opened on an outer peripheral wall, and communicates with the air inlet and the air outlet. A frame having an internal space, a stator core fixed to the frame and wound with a stator coil, a rotating shaft rotatably supported by the frame, and fixed to the rotating shaft and housed inside the stator core. A rotor core on which a rotor coil is wound, fixed to the rotating shaft in front of the rotor core, and air introduced from one of the air inlets is introduced into the air guide through a gap between the stator core and the rotor core. A front fan that blows air to the exit,
A rear fan fixed to the rotating shaft at the rear of the rotor core and centrifugally blowing air taken in from the other of the air inlets to the air outlet without passing through a gap between the stator core and the rotor core. Wherein the disk portion of the rear fan is inclined in a direction away from the rotor core as the distance from the rotation axis increases.

A rotating machine according to a second aspect of the present invention includes a frame having an internal space communicating with the air inlet and the air outlet, wherein an air inlet is opened on a front end wall and a rear end wall, and an air outlet is opened on an outer peripheral wall. A stator core fixed to a frame and having a stator coil wound thereon, a rotating shaft rotatably supported by the frame, and a claw-shaped magnetic pole fixed to the rotating shaft and housed inside the stator core and having a circumferentially opposite polarity Are alternately arranged, a rotor coil wound around the rotor core, and the stator core and the rotor core fixed to the rotating shaft in front of the rotor core and sucking air taken in from one of the air introduction ports. A front-side fan that blows air to the air outlet through a gap between, and fixed to the rotating shaft behind the rotor core, A rear fan for centrifugally blowing air sucked in from the other of the air inlets to the air outlet without passing through the gap between the stator core and the rotor core. The part is inclined in a direction away from the rotor core as the distance from the rotation axis increases, and a gap between the adjacent claw-shaped magnetic poles of the rotor core leaves an air hole penetrating the inside in the axial direction. And is sealed by a spacer.

Note that the rotating machine includes a generator and an electric motor. The disk portion of each fan is a portion that supports the wing portion while hardly energizing the airflow.

In a preferred embodiment, both the side edges of the wings of the rear fan and the rear end wall of the frame adjacent to the side edges extend radially or move away from the rotor core as the distance from the axis of rotation increases. It is inclined away from you.

[Operation] The front-side airflow reaches the rear part from the front part of the rotor while cooling the rotor core and the rotor coil, passes through a gap between the outer edge of the disk part of the rear fan and the rear end of the stator core, and is out of diameter. The air is exhausted from the air outlet of the outer wall of the frame while cooling the rear part of the stator coil.

In the present invention, in particular, since the disk portion of the rear fan is inclined in a direction away from the rotor core as the disk portion moves away from the rotation axis, the clearance between the outer edge of the disk portion of the rear fan and the rear end of the stator core is increased. And the deflection of the front airflow is reduced, and as a result, the resistance of the front airflow is reduced.

Embodiment (First Embodiment) FIG. 1 shows an example of an automotive alternator as one embodiment of the present invention.

This vehicle alternator includes substantially bowl-shaped frames 1 and 1 '. The frames 1 and 1' are joined with their openings facing each other, and are fixedly fastened by four fastening bolts 1a. A stator core 3a is housed in the inner periphery of the frames 1 and 1 ', and the fastening bolt 1a fastens and fixes the stator core 3a on which the stator coil 3b is wound to the frame 1.

Bearing boxes 40, 40 'are fitted into shaft holes at the front and rear ends of the frames 1, 1'.
Bearings 4 and 4 'in 40 and 40' rotatably support the shaft 5.

Claw-shaped pole cores (rotor cores according to the present invention) 6, 6 'are fixed to a substantially central portion of the shaft 5 located between the bearings 4 and 4' and located in the inner cavity of the stator 3. A rotor coil 7 is supported on the inner circumference of 6, 6 '. A front fan 8 is accommodated between the front end face of the claw pole core 6 and the bearing 4, and a rear fan 8 ′ is arranged between the rear end face of the claw pole core 6 ′ and the bearing 4 ′. Has been established. The two fans 8 and 8 'are centrifugal fans. The front side fan 8 is fitted on the shaft 5 and is in close contact with the front end face of the claw-shaped pole core 6. (Left side in the figure). Similarly, a rear side fan 8 'is fitted on the shaft 5 and has a disk portion 82 which is in close contact with the rear end face of the pawl-shaped pole core 6'.
And a wing portion 83 formed integrally with the disk portion 82 and protruding rearward (to the right in the group).

The diameter of the wings 81 and 83 of both fans 8 and 8 'is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the claw-shaped pole cores 6 and 6', and the number of wings 81 and wings 83 is equal to the number of claws of the pole core 6. Have been. The fan 8 also has a wing shape and function as an axial fan to push the front airflow F2 into the claw pole cores 6 and 6 '. These fans 8 and 8 'have a small fan diameter and therefore have excellent centrifugal resistance, and the wind noise can be greatly reduced due to a decrease in peripheral speed.

Front end wall 11 of frame 1 and rear end wall 11 'of frame 1'
Opposes the wings 81, 83 of the fans 8, 8 'with a small gap therebetween, and serves as an air flow guide. Frame 1
The front end wall 11 is inclined rearward as it goes radially outward, and the rear end wall 11 'of the frame 1' is provided substantially in the radial direction.

The important point here is that the disk 82 of the rear fan 8 '
Is inclined in a direction away from the pawl-shaped pole core 6 'as the distance from the shaft 5 increases.
Another important point is that the side edge 84 of the wing portion 83 of the rear fan 8 ′ and the rear end wall 11 ′ of the frame 1 ′ adjacent to this and the side edge 84 with a small gap therebetween. That is, it extends in the radial direction. Note that both may be inclined in a direction away from the claw-shaped pole core 6 ′ as the distance from the shaft 5 increases.

A plurality of air inlets 12 are opened in the front end wall 11 of the frame 1 in the vicinity of the bearing 4 and around the bearing 4. The rear end wall 11 ′ of the frame 1 ′ is in the vicinity of the bearing 4 ′ and in the vicinity thereof. Are provided with a plurality of air inlets 12 '. In addition, a total of 32 air outlets 13 and 13 ′ are opened on the outer peripheral portions of the frames 1 and 1 ′, except for a portion where the fastening bolt 1 a is present.

Further, a shaft 5 protruding rearward from the frame 1 '.
A slip ring 9 is provided at the rear of the device, and a resin brush holder 16 is provided around the slip ring 9. Inside the brush holder 16, a brush 16a and a spring 16b are housed for the brush 16a.
The brush 16a is urged inward in the radial direction by b, and is in sliding contact with the slip ring 9. IC around the brush holder 16
A regulator 17 and a rectifier 18 are provided. The brush holder 16, the IC regulator 17 and the rectifier 18 (each constituting a part of the heat generating member according to the present invention) are fixed to the frame 1 '. 1 'is fitted and fastened.

The rear cover 19 is provided with a large number of air holes (not shown).

 Next, the operation of the above-described vehicle alternator will be described.

As is well known, the IC regulator 17 sends a predetermined exciting current to the rotor coil 7 via the brush 16a and the slip ring 9 to generate an optimum output voltage at both ends of the stator coil 3a.

 Next, an operation which characterizes the present embodiment will be described.

The rotating front-side fan 8 draws in air from the air inlet 12 and blows radially outward to cool mainly the front protruding portion of the stator coil 3b, and blows substantially axially rearward to form a claw-shaped pole core. 6, 6 'and the front airflow F2 for cooling the rotor coil 7.

The front airflow F1 is discharged from the air outlet 13 on the outer peripheral portion of the frame 1.

After cooling the claw-shaped pole cores 6, 6 'and the rotor coil 7, the front-side airflow F2 generates a gap d between the outer edge of the disk portion 82 of the rear fan 8' and the rear end of the stator core 3a.
Deflects outward in the radial direction, and is further exhausted from the air outlet 13 in the outer peripheral portion of the frame 1 'while cooling the rearwardly projecting portion of the stator coil 3b.

Note that the air outlet 13 is opened close to the front protruding portion of the stator coil 3b, and the air outlet 13 'is opened close to the rear protruding portion of the stator coil 3b.

The rotating rear fan 8 'draws in air from the air inlet 12' and blows radially outward to cool the rear protruding portion of the stator coil 3b to form a rear airflow F3 exhausted from the air outlet 13 '. I do. The rear airflow F3 enters the rear cover 19 through the air hole of the rear cover 19, and cools the bearing 4 ', the slip ring 9, the brush 16a, the IC regulator 17, the rectifier 18, and the like.
Enter 2 '.

In this embodiment, in particular, the outer edge of the disk portion 82 of the rear fan 8 'is inclined in a direction away from the claw pole core 6' as the distance from the shaft 5 increases, so that the rear fan 8 ' Outer edge of disk section 82 and stator core 3a
The gap d with the rear end is enlarged, and the deflection of the front-side air flow F2 is reduced, the resistance of the front-side air flow F2 is reduced, and the flow rate of the front-side air flow F2 is increased. Cooling of the coil 7 and the claw-shaped pole cores 6, 6 'is improved.

On the other hand, the side edge 84 of the wing portion 83 of the rear fan 8 'and the frame 1' which is close to this and the side edge 84 with a small gap therebetween.
Since the rear end wall 11 'of the rear fan 8' extends in the radial direction, the cross-sectional area of the flow path between the blades of the rear fan 8 '
Is not stopped down by the inclination of Therefore, a decrease in the cooling performance due to a decrease in the flow rate of the rear airflow F3 is prevented.

As described above, in the automotive alternator of this embodiment, both the side edge 84 of the wing portion 83 of the rear fan 8 'and the rear end wall 11' of the frame 1 'adjacent to the side edge 84 are provided. Extend in the radial direction, or are inclined in a direction away from the pawl-shaped pole core 6 ′ as the distance from the shaft 5 increases.
Therefore, although the disk portion 82 of the rear fan 8 'is inclined in a direction away from the claw pole core 6' as the distance from the shaft 5 increases, the cross-sectional area of the blade-to-blade flow path is closer to the outer edge of the blade portion. It does not decrease as it approaches, and the rear airflow F3 generated by the rear fan 8 'is not obstructed.

Second Embodiment FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention.

This vehicle alternator is the vehicle alternator of the first embodiment, in which a spacer 100 made of synthetic resin is press-fitted and fixed between the claw-shaped magnetic poles 60 adjacent to the claw-shaped pole cores 6, 6 '. (See FIG. 4).

Although the type of the vehicle alternator itself is different from that of FIG. 1, it has the same function as that of the first embodiment except for the spacer 100, and in particular, the disk portion 82 of the rear fan 8 '.
The same is true in that the outer edge portion is inclined in a direction away from the claw-shaped pole core 6 'in the radially outward direction. The connection between the disk portion 82 and the wing portion 83 of the rear fan 8 'is performed by, for example, welding, scissors, screws, an adhesive, or the like. Of course, the disk portion 82 and the wing portion 83 can be integrally formed by aluminum die casting or resin molding. By doing so, the air branch flow F2 of the front fan 8 can be smoothly changed from the axial direction to the radial direction, which is effective in reducing ventilation resistance and noise.

 FIG. 3 shows the shape of the spacer 100.

As can be seen from FIG. 4, although the spacer 100 fills the surface of the gap 61 between the adjacent claw-shaped magnetic poles 60, 60, the space inside the gap 61 extends in the axial direction. An air hole 101 penetrating is left.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, the air shunt F2 is accelerated in the centrifugal direction and flows in the direction of the stator core 3a in the gap 61 between the claw-shaped magnetic poles 60, and flows between the stator core 3a and the claw-shaped pole cores 6 and 6 '. The rotor coil 7 can be satisfactorily cooled by the high-speed branch air flow F2 passing through the air hole 101 having a reduced cross-sectional area without leaking from the gap.

Of particular importance in this embodiment is that the air holes 10
The first outlet is provided on the inclined portion of the disk portion 82 of the rear fan 8 '. Because of this, air holes
The split air flow F2 exiting from the outlet of 101 is guided by the inclined portion of the disk portion 82 of the rear fan 8 ', and as a result,
The direction can be changed while reducing the fluid resistance loss such as eddy loss and the accompanying ventilation noise.

The spacer 100 does not have to cover the entire surface of the gap 61 between the claw-shaped magnetic poles 60. For example, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a ring-shaped spacer 105 may be provided only on the shoulder portions 65 of the claw-shaped pole cores 6, 6 '.

Third Embodiment Another embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.

This vehicle alternator is the same as the vehicle alternator of the first embodiment, except that a plurality of second wings (referred to in the present invention) are provided on the rear surface of the disk portion 82 of the rear fan 8 ', that is, on the side opposite to the wing 83. It is characterized in that a second rear fan 84 is provided. That is, the second wing portion 84 is formed of a centrifugal wing provided one by one between two adjacent claw-shaped pole cores 6 ′ at a rear portion of the claw-shaped pole core 6 ′.

The second wing portion 84 is attached to the main surface on the front side of the disk portion 82, as shown in an enlarged sectional view of FIG.
The wing 83 is attached to the rear main surface of the disk 82.

1) The rotation of the second wing portion 84 means that the air flow F2 axially flows between the claw-shaped pole cores (rotor cores according to the present invention) 6 and 6 ', and the air flow F2 bent in the centrifugal direction by the disk portion 82 is centrifuged. Accelerated in the direction.

Therefore, in this embodiment, only the most important airflow F2 among the airflows F1, F2, F3 can be further enhanced, and the cooling performance of the field coil 7 and the claw-shaped pole cores 6, 6 'can be improved. improves.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the disk portion 82 is inclined in a direction away from the claw-shaped pole core 6 '(that is, toward the rear side) as it goes radially outward, it is necessary to secure a wide outlet of the second wing portion 84. Therefore, the airflow F2 centrifugally accelerated by the second wing portion 84 is not restricted at the outlet of the second wing portion 84.

 FIG. 9 shows a modification of this embodiment.

In this embodiment, the disk portion 82a supporting the second wing portion 84a
Are fitted between the front-side radial end face 61 of the claw-shaped pole core 6 ′ and the field coil 7, and the second wing 84
a is provided on the rear side from the disk portion 82a.

Then, the airflow F2 passes through the hole 89 provided in the disk portion 82a, flows to the back side of the disk portion 82a, and thereafter,
The air is blown in the centrifugal direction by the second wing portion 84a.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, in the rotating machine of the first invention, the disk portion of the rear fan is inclined in a direction away from the rotor core as the disk portion moves away from the rotation shaft. The gap between the outer line of the portion and the rear end of the stator core is increased, and the deflection of the front-side airflow is reduced, so that the resistance of the front-side airflow is reduced.

As a result, the front-side air flow rate can be increased, and the cooling capacity of each core and each coil is improved.

In the rotating machine according to the second aspect of the invention, the gaps between the claw-shaped magnetic poles are sealed by spacers, leaving air holes penetrating the inside in the axial direction, and the disk portion of the rear fan is separated from the rotating shaft. As it is inclined in the direction away from the rotor core, the direction of air flow can be smoothly changed while cooling the rotor coil at a high speed, and ventilation noise can be suppressed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall sectional view of an automotive alternator according to an embodiment of the first invention, FIG. 2 is an overall sectional view of an automotive alternator as an embodiment of the second invention, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view showing a spacer fixed state,
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a rotor showing another embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 2,
FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged side view of the claw pole core of FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is an overall sectional view of a conventional vehicular alternator. FIG. 8 is an overall sectional view showing a third embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 9 is an enlarged sectional view of an essential part of FIG. 8, and FIG. 10 is a sectional view of an essential part showing a modification of the third embodiment. . 1, 1 'Frame 3 Stator 3a Stator core 3b Stator coil 4, 4' Bearing 5 Shaft (rotating shaft) 6, 6 'Claw pole core (rotor core) 7 Rotor coil 8 Front fan 8 'Rear fan 9 Slip ring 12, 12' Air inlet 13, 13 'Air outlet 16a Brush 17 IC regulator 18 Rectifier 82 Disk part 83 Wing part 100, 105 Spacer

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A frame having an internal space communicating with the air inlet and the air outlet, the air inlet being opened at the front end wall and the rear end wall, and the air outlet being opened at the outer peripheral wall, and being fixed to the frame. A stator core on which a stator coil is wound, a rotating shaft rotatably supported by the frame, a rotor core fixed to the rotating shaft, housed inside the stator core, and wound with a rotor coil, and the rotor core A front fan fixed to the rotating shaft in front of the front fan that blows front airflow sucked from one of the air introduction ports to the air outlet through a gap between the stator core and the rotor core. Behind the rotor core, fixed to the rotating shaft, the rear-side airflow sucked from the other of the air introduction ports is A rear fan for centrifugally blowing air to the air outlet without passing through a gap between the theta core and the rotor core, wherein the disk portion of the rear fan moves away from the rotation shaft. A rotating machine characterized by being inclined away from the rotor core. 2. A side edge of a wing portion of the rear fan and a rear end wall of the frame adjacent to the side edge both extend in a radial direction or are separated from the rotation axis. The rotating machine according to claim 1, wherein the rotating machine is inclined in a direction away from the rotor core. 3. A frame having an air inlet opening at a front end wall and a rear end wall and an air outlet opening at an outer peripheral wall and having an internal space communicating with the air inlet and the air outlet, and fixed to the frame. A stator core on which a stator coil is wound, a rotating shaft rotatably supported by the frame, and claw-shaped magnetic poles of opposite polarity in the circumferential direction, which are fixed to the rotating shaft and housed inside the stator core. A rotor core provided, a rotor coil wound around the rotor core, and a front side airflow that is fixed to the rotation shaft in front of the rotor core and that is sucked from one of the air inlets into the stator core and the rotor core. And a front fan that blows air to the air outlet through a gap between the rotor core and the front fan that is fixed to the rotating shaft. Further, a rotating machine comprising: a rear fan that centrifugally blows a rear air flow sucked from the other of the air introduction ports to the air outlet port without passing through a gap between the stator core and the rotor core. The disk portion of the rear fan is inclined in a direction away from the rotor core as the distance from the rotation axis increases, and a gap between the adjacent claw-shaped magnetic poles of the rotor core is
A rotating machine characterized by being sealed by a spacer except for an air hole penetrating the inside in the axial direction. 4. A second apparatus for centrifugally blowing the front airflow.
4. The rotating machine according to claim 1, wherein a rear fan is disposed on a rear side of the rotor core.