JP2898624B1 - Excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to eliminate the necessity of arranging a rotary joint, thereby facilitating cost, assembling, and easy maintenance. SOLUTION: An excavator in which a device operated by fluid pressure (hereinafter referred to as a "fluid pressure device") is disposed in a rotary cutter head in front thereof, and a fluid pressure generator connected to the fluid pressure device. A means (that is, a means for supplying a pressurized fluid to the hydraulic device) is attached to the cutter head. The term “fluid pressure” refers to the pressure of a fluid such as a hydraulic pressure, and the term “device operated by fluid” (fluid pressure device) refers to a fluid pressure actuator such as a hydraulic cylinder or a hydraulic motor. When a plurality of fluid pressure devices are provided in the cutter head, the fluid pressure generating means may be connected to each fluid pressure device, or one fluid pressure generating device may be connected to two or more fluid pressure devices. .

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to various excavators including those generally called "shield excavators" and "tunnel excavators".

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Many excavators that excavate underground, including shield excavators and tunnel excavators, have a rotary cutter head (cutter disc) at the forefront. The cutter head has a plurality of excavating blades (a cutter bit, a roller cutter, etc.) on the front surface, and excavates the ground by being rotationally driven by a motor or the like as a whole.

In recent excavators, the cutter head may be further equipped with auxiliary digging means called overcutters or copy cutters. They generally excavate outside the original excavation area of the cutterhead by extending the arm with the excavation blade outwardly of the cutterhead, and performing such excavation causes the excavator to bend. It has effects such as facilitating the advance (turning forward). Some excavators also include means for changing the direction of the cutter spokes (radial frames on which the excavating blades are mounted). Drilling blades are arranged on different sides of the spoke, and the direction of the spoke is changed to facilitate replacement of the cutter bit. In many cases, such devices are provided with hydraulically operated devices such as hydraulic cylinders as operating means. Hydraulic devices can operate and fix overcutters and spokes with strong force without occupying a large space.

[0004] When devices operated by hydraulic pressure are provided in the cutter head, supply of hydraulic pressure (that is, hydraulic oil) to the devices is conventionally performed via a rotary joint (rotary joint). That is, as shown in FIG.
A rotary joint 60 is arranged between the rotating cutter head 2 and the (non-rotating part) 2 (the foremost part) at the rear of the excavator 1 ″, and hydraulic oil sent from hydraulic pressure generating means (not shown) installed at the rear Is supplied to hydraulic equipment (not shown) in the cutter head 2 through the rotary joint 60.

The rotary joint 60 generally has a structure as shown in FIG. Port 6 formed in rear outer cylinder 61
1a communicates with a through hole 62b in the inner shaft 62 through a groove 62a formed in the surface of the inner shaft 62 in the circumferential direction (360 °), and the through hole 62b is connected to a port 62c on the inner shaft 62 at the front. Is connected to The rear outer cylinder 61 is the excavator 1 "
The inner shaft 62 rotates together with the cutter head 2 by being fixed to the cutter head 2 at the front. Therefore, the outer cylinder 61 and the inner shaft 62 rotate relative to each other. However, the grooves 62a formed on the outer periphery of the inner shaft 62 allow the ports 61a and 62c to always communicate with each other. The hydraulic pressure is smoothly supplied from the hydraulic pressure generation means in the section 3 to the hydraulic equipment in the cutter head 2.

[0006]

The use of a rotary joint between the cutter head and the non-rotating portion of the machine as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 has the following disadvantages. That is, a) Since the rotary joint has a complicated configuration as shown in FIG. 11, its manufacture is not easy, and therefore the cost of the excavator is also increased.

(B) It becomes difficult to assemble the excavator, including the installation of the rotary joint. The rotating part of the rotary joint (Fig. 11
If the inner shaft is not accurately positioned at the center of rotation of the cutter head, the inner shaft is eccentrically rotated with respect to the portion (the outer cylinder in FIG. 11) fixed to the non-rotating portion of the excavator. It is more likely that the sealing force against hydraulic oil or external mud will be reduced.

(C) Since the rotary joint and the piping before and after the rotary joint occupy the space on the center line in front of the excavator, work such as maintenance is often hindered. A passage or working space for inspection and maintenance of the equipment mounted on the cutter head is often provided near the center line where the position in the excavator does not change, but since the rotary joint is in such a position Therefore, workability is reduced.

[0009] In addition, recently, such a rotary joint has recently been used.
It is becoming increasingly complex and large. This is because a large number of auxiliary excavating means and the like are arranged in the cutter head of the excavator in relation to the tendency of the excavator to increase the excavation diameter and the excavation distance. In other words, a large number of hydraulic devices are arranged in the cutter head, and the hydraulic pressure supplied to them is increased for efficiency, so that the configuration of the rotary joint is complicated and large. In this case, disadvantages such as those described in a) to c) are further increased.

An object of the present invention is to provide an excavator which does not require the arrangement of a rotary joint and which can eliminate the above disadvantages.

[0011]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an excavator in which a device operated by fluid pressure (hereinafter, referred to as a "fluid pressure device") is disposed in a rotary cutter head in front of the excavator. However, a fluid pressure generating means connected to the fluid pressure device (that is, a means for supplying a pressure fluid to the fluid pressure device) is attached to the cutter head. The term “fluid pressure” refers to the pressure of a fluid such as a hydraulic pressure, and the term “device operated by fluid” (fluid pressure device) refers to a fluid pressure actuator such as a hydraulic cylinder or a hydraulic motor. When a plurality of fluid pressure devices are provided in the cutter head, the fluid pressure generating means may be connected to each fluid pressure device, or one fluid pressure generating device may be connected to two or more fluid pressure devices. .

According to this excavator, it is not always necessary to arrange the rotary joint between the cutter head and the non-rotating portion at the rear of the excavator. The fluid pressure generating means for supplying the pressure fluid to the fluid pressure device in the cutter head is provided in the cutter head, not in the non-rotating part of the excavator or in the further rear equipment which is also non-rotating. Because there is. Since the fluid pressure generating means provided on the cutter head rotates together with the fluid pressure device described above, even if there is no rotary joint between them, the pipes connecting them do not twist. Since it was necessary to connect some control wires between the equipment inside the cutter head such as fluid pressure equipment and the non-rotating part of the excavator, a rotary electric wire connector was connected to the position of the center of rotation of the cutter head ( Even if it is provided at the position of the rotary joint in FIG. 10, the configuration for this is extremely simple and small-scale as compared with the case where the rotary joint for supplying the fluid as described above is included, and there is no possibility of fluid leakage. Only the accuracy required for mounting is low.

Since there is no need to arrange a rotary joint for supplying fluid, this excavator does not suffer from the disadvantages described in (a) to (c) above. That is, an expensive rotary joint having a complicated configuration is not required, which is advantageous in terms of cost. In addition, since the installation (centering) of the rotary joint is not required, the assembling of the excavator becomes simpler. Workability for maintenance and the like is also improved because of the lack of space.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the excavator further includes a control device included in the fluid pressure generating means and a battery also included in the fluid pressure generating means as a power source.
The operation is performed by a radio signal from an operation means (an operation plate or the like) installed on a non-rotating portion of the excavator.

The above-mentioned fluid pressure generating means provided in the cutter head usually includes a control device for controlling the fluid pressure to be constant or controlling the supply and cutoff of the fluid to the fluid pressure device. is there. As described above, control between the operating means (such as a panel for the operator to operate the excavator) provided on the non-rotating portion of the excavator and such a control device via the rotary electric wire connector is performed. Although it is possible to connect by a wire, it is preferable to use a battery and a radio signal as in this excavator. That is, if the battery is included in the fluid pressure generating means and the battery is used as a power source for the control device, and the control device is operated by a radio signal from the operation device provided on the non-rotating portion of the excavator, Since it is not necessary to provide a rotary electric wire connector, work such as maintenance can be performed more easily.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the excavator, a pressure accumulator (a rubber bag type accumulator or the like) capable of accumulating a pressure with a fluid pump outside the cutter head when the cutter head is not rotating is provided among the fluid pressure generating means. It is characterized by including. Note that in order to enable such pressure accumulation, a joint or the like that can be connected to the fluid pump is provided in the pressure accumulation device.

If the pressure accumulating device in the accumulating state is included in the fluid pressure generating means, it is not necessary to provide a fluid pressurizing device such as a fluid pump in the means. If such a device is not required, there is no need to supply power or the like for driving the device from the non-rotating portion of the excavator. Then,
There is no need to provide wiring for supplying electric power or the like between the non-rotating portion and the cutter head, and the assembling of the excavator is further simplified.

In this excavator, it is impossible for the fluid pressure generating means to maintain the accumulator in the accumulating state by itself, but the accumulating pressure in the accumulator is increased when the cutter head stops rotating as described above. Can be performed by a fluid pump. The operation of the excavator is paused for a certain period of time during regular maintenance and inspection, etc., and the cutter head also stops rotating at that time, so it is possible to accumulate pressure in the accumulator by an external pump using that time etc. . If the pumps and piping are of sufficient specifications and the pressure accumulator has sufficient capacity, the necessary pressure accumulation is completed during the idle time of the cutter head, and the fluid pressure is maintained until the next idle time. The required operation of the device can also be performed.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the excavator according to the first or second aspect, wherein the fluid pressure generating means includes a fluid pump and a driving device thereof, and the driving device comprises a cutter head (or a cutter head). Through a sliding contact provided between a non-rotating part of the excavator (or an integral part thereof) and a non-rotating part of the excavator (or an integral part thereof). It is connected to a power source (located on stationary equipment).

In this excavator, unlike the above-mentioned excavator having the pressure accumulating means, a pump is arranged in the fluid pressure generating means in the cutter head, thereby supplying a pressurized fluid to the hydraulic equipment. When the pump is provided in the cutter head, it is necessary to supply electric power and the like for the driving device as described above. Therefore, the excavator is provided with the sliding contact as described above. Power is supplied from the power source behind the excavator (non-rotating part) to the pump driving device via the sliding contact. Since the sliding contact can be provided in a portion other than the vicinity of the rotation center of the cutter head and is simple in structure, even if the sliding contact is provided, the above-mentioned (a) to (c) accompanying the rotary joint as shown in FIG. A disadvantage such as) can be avoided. It should be noted that, unlike the case of the above-described control device, a considerably large amount of electric power is required to drive the pump. However, this excavator does not rely on a battery, but uses the electric power for driving the pump from the rear power source as described above. , It is possible to stably operate the pump for a long period of time.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an excavator in which the above-mentioned sliding contact in the fourth aspect of the present invention includes a cutter head (or a part which rotates integrally therewith) and a non-rotating part (or an integral part thereof) of the excavator. ), And the space is filled with an insulative pressure fluid. As the insulating fluid, gas (such as compressed air) or liquid (such as insulating oil) can be used. Further, the pressure of the fluid is made to exceed at least the atmospheric pressure in the excavator.

Although the above-mentioned sliding contact includes an exposed surface of metal, in this excavator, there is no danger that muddy water or the like coming out of the ground during excavation will adhere to such a sliding contact. This is because the sliding contact is in the above-mentioned enclosed space and the space is filled with an insulative pressure fluid. If the space is in a completely sealed state, the space itself can prevent the entry of muddy water, etc., and even if there are some gaps, the above-mentioned fluid flows out from the gaps to the outside so that the space Muddy water and the like can be prevented from entering inside. If muddy water or the like does not enter the space and thus does not adhere to the sliding contacts, the electric power can always be supplied smoothly without impairing the insulation between the exposed surfaces of the metal.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above, a fluid tank is provided in the above-mentioned fluid pressure generating means, and the following breather pipe is provided in the tank to open the internal space to the atmosphere. It is characterized by having. The breather pipe is a) connected to a spindle that penetrates the side wall of the tank in a direction parallel to the center of rotation of the cutter head and is inside the tank,
The hollow part of the pipe communicates with the outside of the tank via the inside of the support shaft.b) It is arranged so as to be rotatable relative to the tank around the support shaft, and c) The action of weight or floating , The end farther from the support shaft always projects above the fluid level in the tank.

The fluid tank in the fluid pressure generating means does not prevent the internal fluid from leaking out and does not hinder the fluctuation of the fluid volume due to the supply and return of the fluid to the fluid pressure equipment and the like. is important. For the latter function, a space above the fluid level in the tank is generally communicated to the outside (in the atmosphere) by providing a breather.

In this respect, since the tank of the excavator has the breather pipe as described above, the space above the fluid surface is allowed to communicate with the outside to allow a smooth fluctuation of the fluid amount, and the cutter head has Despite rotating in a vertical (or nearly vertical) plane with rotation, no fluid is spilled inside. The reason is that the breather pipe inside the tank is connected to the outside of the tank by the above a),
The breather pipe is rotatable relative to the tank as in b) above, and is vertically set up as in c), and one end of the breather pipe always projects into the space above the fluid level in the tank. Because. That is, the space above the fluid surface in the tank is always kept open to the outside by the breather pipe always standing vertically above and the support shaft communicating therewith.

The fluid tank described in claim 6 is not indispensable for the fluid pressure generating means in the excavator according to claims 1 to 5. The fluid tank is omitted, and the fluid pressure generating means and the fluid pressure device are connected one-to-one by a closed loop fluid circuit (that is, the fluid pressure generating means and the fluid pressure devices are arranged in the same number, This is because a tank is not required in the case of supplying the fluid from each fluid pressure device to each fluid pressure generating means as it is. However, the provision of the tank has advantages in that the flow of the fluid from the hydraulic device is smooth and the operation of the hydraulic device is more efficient.

[0027]

1 to 5 show one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the entirety of the tunnel excavator 1, and FIG. 2 is a front view of the excavator 1. 3 is a detailed view of a part III in FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a hydraulic system and the like in the excavator 1 in FIG.

A tunnel excavator 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a cylindrical outer shape as a whole, has a rotary cutter head 2 at the forefront, and has a non-rotating portion 3 connected to the rear. The non-rotating portion 3 includes a motor 4 for rotating and driving the cutter head 2, a gripper 5 pressed against the inner surface of the tunnel to generate a reaction force for propulsion, and an excavator supporting the gripper 5. A propulsion jack 5a for moving the excavator 1 forward, a support 5b for supporting the excavator 1 at the rear, and the like are arranged. The excavator 1 excavates the ground by rotating the cutter head 2 by the motor 4 while pushing the excavator 1 forward by the action of the gripper 5 and the jack 5a. Since a large number of roller cutters 2a are arranged in front of the spokes 2b provided radially in the cutter head 2 as shown in FIG. 2, due to their action, even a hard ground such as a bedrock is smoothly excavated. You can do it. In addition to the above, the non-rotating portion 3 of the excavator 1 is provided with a conveyor 6 and an erector 7, and also with a concrete spraying device 8. The conveyor 6 is for discharging the excavated earth and sand, the erector 7 is for constructing a wall of the segment x on the inner surface of the excavated tunnel according to the conditions of the ground, etc. This is to spray concrete for reinforcement on the inner surface.

The cutter head 2 of the excavator 1 is shown in FIG. 5 (schematically shown) for the purpose of smoothing the advance (so-called bending) of the excavator 1 when excavating a curved tunnel.
A plurality of overcutters 20 are arranged.
The overcutter 20 inserts and retracts an arm having a cutter at the tip in an outer peripheral direction, and performs an inserting operation and holding of the position with a hydraulic jack 21.

In this excavator 1, hydraulic (fluid pressure) generating means 10 for supplying hydraulic oil to jacks 21 of the overcutter 20, which is a hydraulic (fluid pressure) device.
(1 unit) is mounted on the spoke 2b of the cutter head 2 as shown in FIG. If the hydraulic pressure generating means 10 is attached to the cutter head 2, the hydraulic pressure generating means 10 rotates together with the jack 21 of the over cutter 20, so that no inconvenience occurs even if a rotary joint or the like is not provided in a hydraulic pipe or the like connecting the two.

As shown in FIG. 3, the hydraulic pressure generating means 10 includes an accumulator 11 (a pressure accumulating device containing a rubber bag filled with gas), a switching valve 12, a hydraulic oil tank 13, a control device 14, and the like. They are connected as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the accumulator 11 has a joint 11a which is easily connected to the pressure accumulating hose 31a and is automatically locked when the connection is released.
Is provided. When the rotation of the cutter head 2 of the excavator 1 stops, the oil supply pipe 31 leading to a pressure accumulating pump (not shown) provided in the non-rotating part 3 of the excavator 1 is connected to the hose 31.
a to the joint 11a through the accumulator 11
This is for accumulating pressure. In the state where the pressure is accumulated in the accumulator 11, the high-pressure hydraulic oil is supplied to the jack 21 by appropriately switching the valve 12 to extend it,
Thus, the over cutter 20 can be extended outward. It is necessary to operate the overcutter 20 many times before the next opportunity to accumulate pressure in the accumulator 11, so that the accumulator 11 has a sufficient capacity. Note that the jack 21 needs two operations, elongation and contraction, for the function of the overcutter 20, but a spring (not shown) is connected to the telescopic rod of the jack 21 for contraction. . However, as shown in the figure, an accumulator may be connected not only to the side on which the jack 21 is extended but also on the pipe on the side for contracting, and the jack 21 may be reciprocated by the pressure from both accumulators.

The hydraulic pressure generating means 10 further includes a control device 14 and a battery 15. Control device 14
Controls the operation of the jack 21 by switching the position of the switching valve 12, and the battery 15 is connected to the switching valve 12 and the control device 1.
4 power supply. The command from the operation panel 32 in the non-rotating portion 3 of the excavator 1 is transmitted to the antenna 32a provided slightly behind the cutter head 2 (see FIG. 1).
Is transmitted to the control device 14 as a radio signal.

The hydraulic oil tank 13 provided in the hydraulic pressure generating means 10 not only does not leak the hydraulic oil to the outside, but also supplies and returns the hydraulic oil while keeping the internal pressure equal to the atmosphere (air pressure in the tunnel). Needs a function to facilitate
The configuration is as shown in FIGS. That is, the tank main body 13a is formed in a cylindrical shape and fixed on the spokes 2b, and one end face of the tank main body 13a is connected to a supply / discharge pipe 13b for hydraulic oil, and the space above the oil level of the internal hydraulic oil 13c is exposed to the atmosphere. As means for opening, a breather pipe 13p is arranged as shown in FIG. The breather pipe 13p is connected and fixed inside the tank body 13a to the side surface of a support shaft 13q that penetrates the center of the end face of the tank body 13a on the side different from the above-mentioned pipe 13b in and out. The hollow part communicating from the distal end opening part 13o reaching near the inner peripheral wall communicates with the hollow part in the support shaft 13q (both ends of the support shaft 13q are closed). The short pipe 13r is connected and fixed to the support shaft 13q outside the tank body 13a, and the hollow portion of the short tube 13r is also communicated with the hollow portion of the support shaft 13q. It communicates with the outside via the hollow portion between the shaft 13q and the short tube 13r. The support shaft 13q is rotatably attached to the tank body 13a via a bearing 13s, and further has a weight 1 on its side surface (the side opposite to the breather pipe 13p) inside the tank body 13a.
3t is attached. With such a configuration, the breather pipe 13p is always kept vertically upward regardless of how the tank main body 13a rotates in the vertical plane, and the opening 13o at the distal end thereof is located in the space above the hydraulic oil 13c in the tank main body 13a. Will always be located. Therefore, the tank 13
In the above, the space above the hydraulic oil 13c is always open to the atmosphere via the breather pipe 13p and the like, and the function that the hydraulic oil does not leak out and the supply and return of the hydraulic oil is smooth is exhibited. .

FIGS. 6 to 9 show another embodiment of the present invention. That is, first, FIG.
Is a longitudinal sectional view of the tunnel excavator 1 ′ (FIG. 6)
(A)) and a front view ((b)). FIG. 7 shows FIG.
FIG. 8A is a detailed view of a part VII, FIG. 8 is a detailed view of a part VIII in FIG. 6B, and FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a hydraulic system and the like in the excavator 1 ′ of FIG.

As with the excavator 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, FIG.
Also has a rotary cutter head 2 at the forefront and a non-rotating portion 3 at the rear. A large number of roller cutters 2 a are provided on the front surface of the cutter head 2, and the non-rotating portion 3 includes a motor 4, which is a device for rotationally driving the cutter head 2, a conveyor 6 for discharging earth and sand, and the like. It excavates underground by the same operation as that of the excavator 1 described above.

In the cutter head 2 of the excavator 1 ', a plurality of overcutters 20 (schematically shown in FIG. 9) for excavating a portion outside the outer periphery are arranged. A hydraulic jack 21 is included as a means. In order to supply hydraulic pressure (hydraulic oil) to the jack 21 of each overcutter 20 which is a hydraulic device, the excavator 1 'uses the hydraulic pressure generating means 4 shown in FIGS.
0 (one unit) is mounted on the spoke 2b of the cutter head 2 as shown in FIG. As in the case of the excavator 1, the hydraulic jack 2 is provided in the rotating cutter head 2.
This is because if both the hydraulic pressure generating means 1 and the hydraulic pressure generating means 40 are attached, it is not necessary to provide a rotary joint or the like in the hydraulic piping or the like connecting them.

However, an accumulator is not provided in the hydraulic pressure generating means 40 of the excavator 1 'as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, but a pump comprising a hydraulic pump 41a and a motor 41b as a driving device thereof is used instead. The device 41 is included. The high-pressure hydraulic oil sent from the pump device 41 is switched by the switching valve 42 and sent to each hydraulic chamber of the hydraulic jack 21, and the returned hydraulic oil is sent into the tank 43. The operation of the pump device 41 and the switching of the switching valve 42 are controlled by the control device 44 in response to a radio signal transmitted from the operation panel 32 in the rear non-rotating portion 3 via the antenna 32a. The configuration of the tank 43 is shown in FIG.
8 is the same as that of the tank 13 shown in FIG. 4, and the section taken along the line IV-IV in FIG.

Since the electric motor 41b of the pump device 41 consumes a small amount of electric power, the excavator 1 'has a structure as shown in FIG.
A power supply panel 45 in the hydraulic pressure generating means 40 is connected to a power supply line 33 in the rear non-rotating portion 3. The power line 3
The pump device 41 is stably operated for a long period of time by the large amount of electric power obtained from 3. The power for the switching valves 42 and the control device 44 for controlling them are also taken from the power line 33 via the power panel 45.

While the hydraulic pressure generating means 40 rotates together with the cutter head 2, the power supply line 33 in the non-rotating part 3
Does not rotate, a sliding contact 5 sliding between the power supply panel 45 and the power supply line 33 due to relative rotation between them is provided.
0 is provided. The sliding contact 50 is configured as shown in FIG. That is, at the rear of the cutter head 2, a rotary drum 2c for receiving the driving force from the motor 4 projects cylindrically rearward. First, on the outer periphery of the drum 2c, a power supply panel 45 (FIG. ), A plurality of ring-shaped contacts (slip rings) 51 connected to the power line 45a are arranged at intervals. On the other hand, the fixed contacts 52 connected to the power supply line 33 are provided at fixed positions in the non-rotating portion 3 by the same number as the contacts 51, and each is brought into contact with each of the contacts 51. In the sliding contact 50 configured as described above, the contact between the contacts 51 and 52 is not interrupted and the wires are not twisted regardless of the rotation of the cutter head 2.

Since each of the contacts 51 and 52 of the sliding contact 50 has an exposed metal surface, it is not preferable that water, dust and the like touch them. Therefore, the sliding contact 50 has the following configuration. First, the non-rotating part 3
Of the cutter head 2, a cylindrical enclosure 3a is formed in a portion located outside the drum 2c, and the enclosure 3a
And the drum 2c, an annular space 53 surrounding the sliding contact 50 is formed. Further, at the front and rear positions of the space 53, seal members 2f and 2g are mounted between the outer periphery of the drum 2c and the non-rotating portion 3, thereby increasing the degree of sealing of the space 53. Further, in order to prevent water, dust and the like from entering the space 53 from outside, a compressed air blowing nozzle 54 is inserted to fill the space 53 with clean dry air. It should be noted that the compressed air is supplied by an air compressor (not shown) in the rear (that is, on the non-rotating part 3 of the excavator 1 or on the stationary equipment further behind).

Although the two embodiments have been described above, it goes without saying that in any of the embodiments, other fluids can be used instead of the hydraulic oil.

[0042]

In the excavator according to the first aspect, it is not always necessary to arrange a rotary joint between the cutter head and the non-rotating portion at the rear of the excavator. Therefore, 1) it is advantageous in terms of cost because a rotating joint having a complicated configuration is unnecessary.
2) There is an advantage that the excavator is easy to assemble because high-precision mounting work on the rotary joint is unnecessary, and 3) the workability for maintenance of the excavator is improved due to space reasons. . There is also an advantage that the fluid supply pipe is short.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, it is not necessary to provide a rotary connector for a control wire near the center of rotation of the cutter head, so that maintenance and other operations can be performed more easily.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since it is not necessary to provide a fluid pressurizing device such as a pump in the fluid pressure generating means, the wiring for supplying electric power or the like to the device is connected to the non-rotating portion and the cutter head. There is no need to provide them between the excavators, which makes assembly of the excavator easier.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the excavator includes a pump and its driving device in the fluid pressure generating means and is driven by a rear power source, the fluid pressure can be stably supplied for a long period of time. Can be. In addition, the sliding contact can be provided in a portion other than the vicinity of the rotation center of the cutter head,
It is simple in structure.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since there is no possibility that the muddy water or the like from the ground during the excavation adheres to the above-mentioned sliding contact, a smooth power supply is always performed.

In the excavator according to the sixth aspect, the fluid inside the tank for fluid pressure does not spill even though the tank for fluid pressure rotates together with the cutter head, and the fluid amount in the tank fluctuates smoothly. In addition, since there is a tank in the fluid pressure generating means, there are advantages such as efficient operation of the fluid pressure device.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and is a longitudinal sectional view showing the entirety of a tunnel excavator 1. FIG.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the excavator 1 of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a detailed view of a part III in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a hydraulic system and the like in the excavator 1 of FIG.

6 is a view showing another embodiment of the invention, which is different from FIG. 1 and the like, and is a longitudinal sectional view (FIG. 6 (a)) and a front view (FIG. 6 (b)) of a tunnel excavator 1 '. .

FIG. 7 is a detailed view of a portion VII in FIG. 6 (a).

FIG. 8 is a detailed view of a portion VIII in FIG. 6 (b).

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a hydraulic system and the like in the excavator 1 ′ of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional excavator 1 ″ having a rotary joint 60.

11 (a) is a side view showing the structure of the rotary joint 60 in FIG. 10, and FIG. 11 (b) is bb in FIG. 11 (a).
It is sectional drawing.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ・ 1 ′ Tunnel excavator (excavator) 2 Cutter head 3 Non-rotating part (of excavator) 10.40 Hydraulic (fluid pressure) generating means 11 Accumulator (accumulator) 13.43 Hydraulic oil (for fluid) tank 20 over cutter (fluid pressure device) 50 sliding contact

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. An excavator in which a device operated by fluid pressure is arranged in a rotary cutter head in front thereof, wherein a fluid pressure generating means connected to the device is one of the cutter heads described above. An excavator characterized by being attached to a machine. 2. A control device included in the fluid pressure generating means uses a battery also included in the fluid pressure generating means as a power source, and wirelessly communicates from an operating means installed on a non-rotating portion of the excavator. The machine according to claim 1, wherein the machine is operated by a signal. 3. The excavator according to claim 1, wherein said fluid pressure generating means includes a pressure accumulator capable of accumulating pressure by a fluid pump outside the cutter head when the rotation of the cutter head is stopped. 4. The fluid pressure generating means includes a fluid pump and a driving device thereof, the driving device including a sliding contact provided between a cutter head and a non-rotating portion of the excavator. The excavator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the excavator is connected to a rear power source via a power source. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sliding contact is located in a space surrounded by the cutter head and a non-rotating portion of the excavator, and the space is filled with an insulative pressure fluid. The excavator according to claim 4, wherein 6. The fluid pressure generating means includes a tank for fluid, and the tank serves as a breather pipe for releasing the internal space to the atmosphere. A) In a direction parallel to the rotation center of the cutter head. It is connected to a spindle that passes through the side wall of the tank and is inside the tank,
The hollow part of the pipe communicates with the outside of the tank via the inside of the support shaft.b) It is arranged so as to be rotatable relative to the tank around the support shaft, and c) The action of weight or floating The excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the excavator has an end that is farther from the support shaft and always protrudes above a fluid surface in the tank by being set up vertically. .